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Section 6

1MAC309294-MB F

Condition monitoring functions

372

RER620

Technical Manual

6.1.6

Signals

Table 326: 52CM Input signals

Table 327: 52CM Output signals

Name

Type

Default

Description

I_A

SIGNAL

Phase A current

I_B

SIGNAL

Phase B current

I_C

SIGNAL

Phase C current

BLOCK

BOOLEAN

0=False

Block input status

POSOPEN_A

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for open position of apparatus from I/O, phase A

POSOPEN_B

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for open position of apparatus from I/O, phase B

POSOPEN_C

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for open position of apparatus from I/O, phase C

POSCLOSE_A

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for close position of apparatus from I/O, phase A

POSCLOSE_B

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for close position of apparatus from I/O, phase B

POSCLOSE_C

BOOLEAN

0=False

Signal for close position of apparatus from I/O, phase C

PRES_ALM_IN

BOOLEAN

0=False

Binary pressure alarm input

PRES_LO_IN

BOOLEAN

0=False

Binary pressure input for lockout indication

SPR_CHR_ST

BOOLEAN

0=False

CB spring charging started input

SPR_CHR

BOOLEAN

0=False

CB spring charged input

RST_IPOW

BOOLEAN

0=False

Reset accumulation energy

RST_CB_WEAR

BOOLEAN

0=False

Reset input for CB remaining life and operation counter

RST_TRV_T

BOOLEAN

0=False

Reset input for CB closing and opening travel times

RST_SPR_T

BOOLEAN

0=False

Reset input for the charging time of the CB spring

Name

Type

Description

TRV_T_OP_ALM

BOOLEAN

CB open travel time exceeded set value

TRV_T_CL_ALM

BOOLEAN

CB close travel time exceeded set value

SPR_CHR_ALM

BOOLEAN

Spring charging time has crossed the set value

OPR_ALM

BOOLEAN

Number of CB operations exceeds alarm limit

OPR_LO

BOOLEAN

Number of CB operations exceeds lockout limit

IPOW_ALM

BOOLEAN

Accumulated currents power (Iyt) exceeded alarm limit

IPOW_LO

BOOLEAN

Accumulated currents power (Iyt) exceeded lockout limit

CB_LIFE_ALM

BOOLEAN

Remaining life of CB exceeded alarm limit

MON_ALM

BOOLEAN

CB ' not operated for long time ' alarm

PRES_ALM

BOOLEAN

Pressure below alarm level

PRES_LO

BOOLEAN

Pressure below lockout level

OPENPOS_A

BOOLEAN

CB is in open position, phase A

OPENPOS_B

BOOLEAN

CB is in open position, phase B

OPENPOS_C

BOOLEAN

CB is in open position, phase C

INVALIDPOS_A

BOOLEAN

CB is in invalid position (not positively open or closed), phase A

INVALIDPOS_B

BOOLEAN

CB is in invalid position (not positively open or closed), phase B

INVALIDPOS_C

BOOLEAN

CB is in invalid position (not positively open or closed), phase C

CLOSEPOS_A

BOOLEAN

CB is in closed position, phase A

Содержание RER620

Страница 1: ...Relion Protection and Control Advanced Recloser Protection and Control RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 4: ...losed only in accordance with the terms of such license Trademarks ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of ABB Group All other brand or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Warranty Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative ABB Inc Distribution Automation 4300 Coral Ridge Drive Cora...

Страница 5: ...product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons including but not limited to personal injuries or death shall be the sole responsibility of the person or entity applying the equipment and those so responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be compl...

Страница 6: ...electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits Low voltage directive 2006 95 EC This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standards EN 50263 and EN 60255 26 for the EMC directive and with the product standards EN 60255 6 and EN 60255 27 for the low voltage directive The relay is designed in accordance with the international standards of th...

Страница 7: ...0 overview 25 Overview 25 Product series version history 25 PCM600 and relay connectivity package version 25 Local HMI 26 LCD 26 LEDs 27 Keypad 27 Web HMI 28 Authorization 29 Communication 30 Section 3 Basic functions 31 General parameters 31 Self supervision 45 Internal faults 45 Warnings 46 LED indication control 50 Time synchronization 50 Parameter setting groups 51 Recorded data 52 Non volatil...

Страница 8: ...ERCV_INTL function block 59 Function block 59 Functionality 59 Signals 60 GOOSERCV_CMV function block 60 Function block 60 Functionality 60 Signals 60 GOOSERCV_ENUM function block 61 Function block 61 Functionality 61 Signals 61 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block 61 Function block 61 Functionality 62 Signals 62 Type conversion function blocks 62 QTY_GOOD function block 62 Function block 62 Functionalit...

Страница 9: ...lock 72 T_POS_XX function blocks 73 SR function block 75 PH_ORD_IN block 76 PH_ORD_OUT block 77 Local remote control function block CONTROL 78 Function block 78 Functionality 79 Signals 80 Settings 80 Monitored data 81 Factory settings restoration 81 Section 4 Protection functions 83 Current protection 83 Single phase non directional overcurrent protection 51P 50P 83 Identification 83 Function blo...

Страница 10: ... 124 Function block 125 Functionality 125 Operation principle 125 Measurement modes 127 Timer characteristics 127 Application 130 Signals 131 Settings 133 Monitored data 136 Technical data 137 Directional earth fault protection 67 51N and 67 50N 137 Identification 137 Function block 138 Functionality 138 Operation principle 138 Directional ground fault principles 142 Measurement modes 148 Timer ch...

Страница 11: ...on 174 Signals 176 Settings 176 Monitored data 178 Technical data 178 Phase discontinuity protection 46PD 179 Identification 179 Function block 179 Functionality 179 Operation principle 179 Application 181 Signals 182 Settings 183 Monitored data 183 Technical data 183 Three phase transformer inrush detector INR 184 Identification 184 Function block 184 Functionality 184 Operation principle 184 App...

Страница 12: ...mer characteristics 203 Application 203 Signals 204 Settings 204 Monitored data 205 Technical data 206 Zero sequence overvoltage protection 59N 206 Identification 206 Function block 206 Functionality 206 Operation principle 207 Application 208 Signals 208 Settings 209 Monitored data 209 Technical data 209 Positive sequence overvoltage protection 59PS 210 Identification 210 Function block 210 Funct...

Страница 13: ... Monitored Data 222 Technical data 223 Load shedding and restoration 81S 223 Identification 223 Function block 223 Functionality 223 Operation principle 224 Application 229 Signals 233 Settings 234 Monitored data 234 Technical data 234 Other protection functions available in RER620 235 Circuit breaker failure protection 50BFT 235 Identification 235 Function block 235 Functionality 235 Operation pr...

Страница 14: ... data 252 Fault locator FLOC 253 Identification 253 Function block 253 Functionality 253 Operation principle 253 Application 257 Signals 258 Settings 258 Monitored data 258 Directional positive sequence power protection 32P 259 Identification 259 Function block 259 Functionality 259 Operation principle 259 Application 261 Signals 262 Settings 262 Monitored data 263 Technical data 263 Directional n...

Страница 15: ...blocks 283 Functionality 283 Single phase tripping 284 Protection signal definition 285 Operation principle 285 Active Phases Determination with SDAIGGIO Blocks 287 Autorecloser function Core 289 Output Interface with SDAOGGIO Block 303 Zone sequence coordination 304 Counters 305 Application 305 Single Phase Tripping 306 Configuration examples 310 Signals 314 Settings 317 Monitored data 320 Techni...

Страница 16: ...own Counter UDFCNT 353 Identification 353 Function block 353 Functionality 353 Operation principle 353 Signals 355 Settings 355 Section 6 Condition monitoring functions 357 Circuit breaker condition monitoring 52CM 357 Identification 357 Function block 357 Functionality 357 Operation principle 358 Circuit breaker status 360 Circuit breaker operation monitoring 360 Breaker contact travel time 361 O...

Страница 17: ...ty 383 Measurement function applications 391 Three phase current IA IB IC 392 Identification 392 Function block 392 Signals 392 Settings 393 Monitored data 394 Technical data 395 Three phase voltage VA VB VC 395 Identification 395 Function block 395 Signals 395 Settings 396 Monitored data 397 Technical data 397 Ground current IG 398 Identification 398 Function block 398 Signals 398 Settings 398 Mo...

Страница 18: ...d Three Phase energy measurement P SP E 406 Identification 406 Function block 406 Signals 406 Settings 407 Monitored data 408 Technical data 410 Frequency 410 Identification 410 Function block 411 Signals 411 Settings 411 Monitored data 411 Technical data 411 Section 8 Recording functions 413 Digital fault recorder DFR RDRE 413 Functionality 413 Recorded analog inputs 413 Triggering alternatives 4...

Страница 19: ...428 Actuator Drive Power Source Boost Supply 428 Heater control switch 428 RER620 power 429 RS485 communications 429 Connections 430 Signals 431 CVD Voltage Clamping 431 Settings 434 Monitored data 435 Universal power drive UPD 436 Function block 436 Functionality 436 Connections 439 Signals 440 Settings 440 Monitored data 440 Programmable buttons FKEYGGIO 441 Function block 441 Functionality 441 ...

Страница 20: ...lock features 459 Definite time characteristics 459 Definite time operation 459 Current based inverse definite minimum time characteristics 463 IDMT curves for overcurrent protection 463 Standard inverse time characteristics 465 Recloser inverse time characteristics 480 User programmable inverse time characteristics 521 RI and RD type inverse time characteristics 521 Reset in inverse time modes 52...

Страница 21: ...er accuracy class and accuracy limit factor 549 Non directional overcurrent protection 550 Example for non directional overcurrent protection 551 Section 12 Relay physical connections 553 Protective ground connections 553 Communication connections 553 Ethernet RJ 45 front connection 554 Ethernet rear connections 554 EIA 232 serial rear connection 554 EIA 485 serial rear connection 555 Optical ST s...

Страница 22: ...Section 1MAC309294 MB F 16 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 23: ... the engineering phase installation and commissioning phase and during normal service 1 2 Intended audience This manual addresses system engineers and installation and commissioning personnel who use technical data during engineering installation and commissioning and in normal service The system engineer must have a thorough knowledge of protection systems protection equipment protection function...

Страница 24: ...ation manual contains instructions on how to operate the relay once it has been commissioned The manual provides instructions for monitoring controlling and setting the relay The manual also describes how to identify disturbances and how to view calculated and measured power grid data to determine the cause of a fault The application manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines ...

Страница 25: ...om substationautomation 1 4 Symbols and conventions 1 4 1 Safety indication symbols Document revision date Product series version History A 12 29 2010 1 0 First release B 10 25 2011 1 1 Content updated to correspond to the product series version C 08 29 2014 1 2 Content updated to correspond to the product series version D 10 09 2015 1 2 Content updated E 10 09 2015 1 2 Content updated F 07 20 201...

Страница 26: ...Courier font for example To save the changes in non volatile memory select Yes and press Parameter names are shown in italics for example The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting Parameter values are indicated with quotation marks for example The corresponding parameter values are Enabled and Disabled Relay input output messages and monitored data names are shown in Cour...

Страница 27: ... and in the ACT right 1 4 3 Functions codes and symbols All available functions are listed in the table All of them may not be applicable to all products 51P 1 2 I_A Trip Trip_A Trip_B Trip_C PICKUP PICKUP_A PICKUP_B PICKUP_C I_C I_B Block ENA_MULT SPHLPTOC1 51P 3 BLOCK ENA_MULT TRIP PICKUP TRIP_A TRIP_B TRIP_C PICKUP_A PICKUP_B PICKUP_C ...

Страница 28: ...n Single phase directional overcurrent protection low stage 1 SDPHLPDOC1 3I 1 67 51P 1 Single phase directional overcurrent protection low stage 2 SDPHLPDOC2 3I 2 67 51P 2 Directional ground fault protection low stage 1 XDEFLPDEF1 Io 1 67 51N 1 Directional ground fault protection low stage 2 XDEFLPDEF2 Io 2 67 51N 2 Cold Load Timers Cold load timer 1 Phase A in seconds TPSGAPC1 TPS 1 62CLD 1 Cold ...

Страница 29: ...52 Loop control DLCM LCM LCM Supervision and Monitoring CB condition monitoring SPSCBR1 CBCM 52CM Fuse failure supervision Source 1 SEQRFUF1 FUSEF 60 Measurement Three phase current CMMXU1 3I IA IB IC Demand metering Max Min metering CMSTA1 Sequence current CSMSQI1 I1 I2 I0 I1 I2 I0 Ground current RESCMMXU1 Io IG Three phase voltage Source 1 VMMXU1 3U VA VB VC Three phase voltage Source 2 VMMXU2 3...

Страница 30: ...C2 TONGAPC2 TONGAPC2 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT1 UDFCNT1 UDFCNT1 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT2 UDFCNT2 UDFCNT2 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT3 UDFCNT3 UDFCNT3 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT4 UDFCNT4 UDFCNT4 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT5 UDFCNT5 UDFCNT5 Multipurpose generic up down counter UDFCNT6 UDFCNT6 UDFCNT6 Multipurpose ...

Страница 31: ...d hardware for example autoreclosure and additional I Os The RER620 relays support a range of communication protocols including IEC 61850 with GOOSE messaging Modbus DNP3 PG E 2179 and IEC 101 104 2 1 1 Product series version history 2 1 2 PCM600 and relay connectivity package version Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 2 7 or later versions of PCM600 Relay Connectivity Package RER620 Ver ...

Страница 32: ...LHMI The LHMI of the relay contains the following elements Display Buttons LED indicators Communication port The LHMI is used for setting monitoring and controlling 2 2 1 LCD The LHMI includes a graphical LCD that supports two character sizes The character size depends on the selected language ...

Страница 33: ...de can be selected with the LHMI WHMI or PCM600 There are two additional LEDs which are embedded into the control buttons and They represent the status of the circuit breaker 2 2 3 Keypad The LHMI keypad contains push buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus With the push buttons you can give open or close commands to one primary object for example a circuit breaker disconnec...

Страница 34: ... enables the user to access the relay via a web browser The supported web browser versions are Internet Explorer 9 0 10 0 and 11 0 WHMI offers several functions Alarm indications and event lists System supervision Parameter settings Measurement display Oscillographic records Phasor diagram The menu tree structure on the WHMI is almost identical to the one on the LHMI WHMI is enabled by default ...

Страница 35: ...ed locally and remotely Locally by connecting your laptop to the relay via the front communication port Remotely over LAN WAN 2 4 Authorization The user categories have been predefined for the LHMI and the WHMI each with different rights and default passwords The default passwords can be changed with Administrator user rights ...

Страница 36: ...ted The relay meets the GOOSE performance requirements for tripping applications in distribution substations as defined by the IEC 61850 standard The relay can simultaneously report events to five different clients on the station bus All communication connectors except for the front port connector are placed on integrated optional communication modules The relay can be connected to Ethernet based ...

Страница 37: ...rameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Secondary current 1 0 2A 2 1A 3 5A 2 1A Secondary current Primary current 1 0 6000 0 A 0 1 100 0 Primary current Amplitude corr 0 900 1 100 0 001 1 000 Amplitude correction Reverse polarity 0 False 1 True 0 False Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Primary voltage 0 001 440 000 kV 0 00 1 13 200 Primary rated voltage Secondary volt...

Страница 38: ...LED 7 Alarm LED 8 BOOLEAN 0 False Status of Alarm LED 8 Alarm LED 9 BOOLEAN 0 False Status of Alarm LED 9 Alarm LED 10 BOOLEAN 0 False Status of Alarm LED 10 Alarm LED 11 BOOLEAN 0 False Status of Alarm LED 11 Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 1 Description Alarm LEDs LED 1 Descriptio...

Страница 39: ...low S Alarm mode for LED 9 Description Alarm LEDs LED 9 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 10 Description Alarm LEDs LED 10 Description of alarm Alarm LED mode 0 Follow S 1 Follow F 2 Latched S 3 LatchedAck F S 0 Follow S Alarm mode for LED 11 Description Alarm LEDs LED 11 Description of alarm Parameter Values Range ...

Страница 40: ... front port Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description IP address 192 168 2 10 IP address for rear port s Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet mask for rear port s Default gateway 192 168 2 1 Default gateway for rear port s Mac address XX XX XX XX XX XX Mac address for rear port s Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Rated frequency 1 50Hz 2 60Hz 2 60Hz Rated frequency of the...

Страница 41: ...ed in relay Default view 1 Measurements 2 Main menu 1 Measurements LHMI default view Backlight timeout 1 60 min 1 60 LHMI backlight timeout Web HMI mode 1 Active read only 2 Active 3 Disabled 2 Active Web HMI functionality Web HMI timeout 1 60 min 1 10 Web HMI login timeout SLD symbol format 1 IEC 2 ANSI 2 ANSI Single Line Diagram symbol format Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description ...

Страница 42: ...er fragment 256 2048 bytes 1 2048 Application layer fragment size UR mode 1 Disable 2 Enable 1 Disable Unsolicited responses mode UR retries 0 65535 1 3 Unsolicited retries before switching to UR offline mode UR TO 0 65535 ms 1 5000 Unsolicited response timeout UR offline interval 0 65535 min 1 15 Unsolicited offline interval UR Class 1 Min events 0 999 1 2 Min number of class 1 events to generate...

Страница 43: ...tart delay 1 0 20 char 4 Start frame delay in chars on Serial interface 1 End delay 1 0 20 char 3 End frame delay in chars on Serial interface 1 Serial port 2 0 Not in use 1 COM 1 2 COM 2 0 Not in use COM port for Serial interface 2 Parity 2 0 none 1 odd 2 even 2 even Parity for Serial interface 2 Address 2 1 255 2 Modbus unit address on Serial interface 2 Link mode 2 1 RTU 2 ASCII 1 RTU Modbus li...

Страница 44: ...d2 Password for Modbus control struct 2 CtlStructPWd3 Password for Modbus control struct 3 CtlStructPWd4 Password for Modbus control struct 4 CtlStructPWd5 Password for Modbus control struct 5 CtlStructPWd6 Password for Modbus control struct 6 CtlStructPWd7 Password for Modbus control struct 7 CtlStructPWd8 Password for Modbus control struct 8 Internal Overflow 0 False 1 True 0 False Modbus Intern...

Страница 45: ...r mode 0 No fiber 1 Fiber light ON loop 2 Fiber light OFF loop 3 Fiber light ON star 4 Fiber light OFF star 0 No fiber Fiber mode for COM1 Serial mode 1 RS485 2Wire 2 RS485 4Wire 3 RS232 no handshake 4 RS232 with handshake 1 RS485 2Wire Serial mode for COM1 CTS delay 0 60000 0 CTS delay for COM1 RTS delay 0 60000 0 RTS delay for COM1 Baud rate 1 300 2 600 3 1200 4 2400 5 4800 6 9600 7 19200 8 3840...

Страница 46: ...09294 MB F Basic functions 40 RER620 Technical Manual Baud rate 1 300 2 600 3 1200 4 2400 5 4800 6 9600 7 19200 8 38400 9 57600 10 115200 6 9600 Baud rate for COM2 Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description ...

Страница 47: ...Y 5 MM DD YYYY 6 YYYY MM DD 7 YYYY DD MM 8 YYYY DD MM 5 MM DD YYYY Date format Local time offset 720 720 min 300 Local time offset in minutes Synch source 0 None 1 SNTP 2 Modbus 5 IRIG B 9 DNP 1 SNTP Time synchronization source IP SNTP primary 10 58 125 165 IP address for SNTP primary server IP SNTP secondary 192 168 2 165 IP address for SNTP secondary server DST on time 02 00 Daylight savings tim...

Страница 48: ...rce we can set the following DST values DST on time 2 00 DST on date 03 08 DST on day Sun DST offset 60 min DST off time 2 00 DST off date 11 01 DST off day Sun These settings will take care of all the DST time changes automatically no need to adjust every year Table 23 Generic timers TPGAPC1 4 Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pulse time 0 60000 ms 1 150 Minimum pulse time ...

Страница 49: ...ors 15 17 18 19 X100 PO4 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 20 22 23 24 Name Type Default Description X110 SO1 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 14c 15no 16nc X110 SO2 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 17c 18no 19nc X110 SO3 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 20c 21no 22nc X110 SO4 BOOLEAN 0 False Connectors 23 24 Name Type Description X110 Input 1 BOOLEAN Connectors 1 2 X110 Input 2 BOOLEAN Connectors 3 4 X110 Input 3 BOOLEAN...

Страница 50: ...rue 0 False Connectors 5 6c Input 4 inversion 0 False 1 True 0 False Connectors 7 6c Input 5 inversion 0 False 1 True 0 False Connectors 8 9c Input 6 inversion 0 False 1 True 0 False Connectors 10 9c Input 7 inversion 0 False 1 True 0 False Connectors 11 12c Input 8 inversion 0 False 1 True 0 False Connectors 13 12c Name Type Description X120 Input 1 BOOLEAN Connectors 1 2c X120 Input 2 BOOLEAN Co...

Страница 51: ...s are taken depending on the severity of the fault The relay tries to eliminate the fault by restarting After the fault is found to be permanent the relay stays in internal fault mode All other output contacts are released and locked for the internal fault The relay continues to perform internal tests during the fault situation If an internal fault disappears the green Normal LED stops flashing an...

Страница 52: ...eration manual 3 2 2 Warnings In case of a warning the relay continues to operate except for those protection functions possibly affected by the fault and the green Normal LED remains lit as during normal operation Warnings are indicated with the text Warning and is additionally provided with the name of the warning a numeric code and the date and time on the LHMI The fault indication message can ...

Страница 53: ... in slot X120 Internal Fault SO relay s X130 46 Faulty Signal Output relay s in card located in slot X130 Internal Fault PO relay s X105 50 Faulty Power Output relay s in card located in slot X105 Internal Fault PO relay s X115 51 Faulty Power Output relay s in card located in slot X115 Internal Fault PO relay s X100 53 Faulty Power Output relay s in card located in slot X100 Internal Fault PO rel...

Страница 54: ...y Internal Fault Card error X130 76 Card in slot X130 is faulty Internal Fault LHMI module 79 LHMI module is faulty The fault indication may not be seen on the LHMI during the fault Internal Fault RAM error 80 Error in the RAM memory on the CPU card Internal Fault ROM error 81 Error in the ROM memory on the CPU card Internal Fault EEPROM error 82 Error in the EEPROM memory on the CPU card Internal...

Страница 55: ...r in the Report control block s Warning GOOSE contr error 26 Error in the GOOSE control block s Warning SCL config error 27 Error in the SCL configuration file or the file is missing Warning Logic error 28 Too many connections in the configuration Warning SMT logic error 29 Error in the SMT connections Warning GOOSE input error 30 Error in the GOOSE connections Warning ACT error 31 ACT error Warni...

Страница 56: ...vents recorded data and disturbance recordings The relay is provided with a 48 hour capacitor back up that enables the real time clock to keep time in case of an auxiliary power failure Setting Synch Source determines the method how the real time clock is synchronized If set to None the clock is free running and the settings Date and Time can be used to set the time manually Other setting values a...

Страница 57: ...ce is selected and the IRIG B signal source is connected ABB has tested the IRIG B with the following clock masters Tekron TTM01 GPS clock with IRIG B output Meinberg TCG511 controlled by GPS167 Datum ET6000L Arbiter Systems 1088B 3 5 Parameter setting groups There are four relay variant specific setting groups For each setting group the parameter setting can be made independently The active setti...

Страница 58: ...ent trigger a new fault recording Finally when From only pickup is selected only faults that cause a protection function restoring before the actual trip signal are recorded Fault recorder FLR collects some minimum and maximum current and voltage values during the recording period DFT RMS or Peak to Peak can be set as the generic measuring mode with setting parameter Measurement mode The recording...

Страница 59: ... 000 xIn Phase C current Max current IG FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Maximum residual current Current IG FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Ground current Current I2 FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Negative sequence current Current IN FLOAT32 0 000 50 000 xIn Calculated residual current Voltage VA FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xVn Phase A voltage Voltage VB FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 xVn Phase B voltage Voltage VC FLOAT32 0 000 4 000 ...

Страница 60: ... Pickup duration 50SEF duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 50SEF Pickup duration 50G 3 duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 50G 3 Pickup duration 50N 3 duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 50N 3 Pickup duration 46 1 duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 46 1 Pickup duration 46 2 duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 46 2 Pickup duration 46PD duration FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 46PD Pickup duration 46PD rat I2 I1 FLOAT32 0 00 999 99 46PD ratio I...

Страница 61: ...tag t1 is attached Each binary input has a filter time parameter Input filter where is the number of the binary input of the module in question for example Input 1 filter Table 36 Input filter parameter values 3 8 2 Binary input inversion The parameter Input invert is used to invert a binary input Table 37 Binary input states When a binary input is inverted the state of the input is TRUE 1 when no...

Страница 62: ...om oscillation When the input returns to a non oscillating state the binary input is deblocked the status is valid and an event is generated Table 38 Oscillation parameter values 3 9 GOOSE function blocks GOOSE function blocks are used for connecting incoming GOOSE data to application They support BOOLEAN Dbpos Enum FLOAT32 INT8 and INT32 data types Common signals The VALID output indicates the va...

Страница 63: ...3 9 1 3 Signals Table 39 GOOSERCV_BIN Input signals Table 40 GOOSERCV_BIN Output signals 3 9 2 GOOSERCV_DP function block 3 9 2 1 Function block Figure 10 Function block 3 9 2 2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_DP function is used to connect the GOOSE double binary inputs to the application GOOSERCV_BIN OUT VALID Name Type Default Description IN BOOLEAN 0 Input signal Name Type Description OUT BOOLEAN O...

Страница 64: ...e GOOSERCV_MV function is used to connect the GOOSE measured value inputs to the application 3 9 3 3 Signals Table 43 GOOSERCV_MV Input signals Table 44 GOOSERCV_MV Output signals Name Type Default Description IN Dbpos 00 Input signal Name Type Description OUT Dbpos Output signal VALID BOOLEAN Output signal GOOSERCV_MV OUT VALID Name Type Default Description IN FLOAT32 0 Input signal Name Type Des...

Страница 65: ...TL function block 3 9 5 1 Function block Figure 13 Function block 3 9 5 2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_INTL function is used to connect the GOOSE double binary input to the application and extracting single binary position signals from the double binary position signal The OP output signal indicates that the position is open Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid status GOOSERCV_I...

Страница 66: ... value inputs to the application The MAG_IN amplitude and ANG_IN angle inputs are defined in the GOOSE configuration PCM600 The MAG output passes the received GOOSE amplitude value for the application Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid status The ANG output passes the received GOOSE angle value for the application Default value 0 is used if VALID output indicates invalid sta...

Страница 67: ... to the application 3 9 7 3 Signals Table 51 GOOSERCV_ENUM Input signals Table 52 GOOSERCV_ENUM Output signals 3 9 8 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block 3 9 8 1 Function block Figure 16 Function block Name Type Description MAG FLOAT32 Output signal amplitude ANG FLOAT32 Output signal angle VALID BOOLEAN Output signal GOOSERCV_ENUM OUT VALID Name Type Default Description IN Enum 0 Input signal Name Type ...

Страница 68: ...he quality bits of the input signal and passes it as a Boolean signal for the application The IN input can be connected to any logic application signal logic function output binary input application function output or received GOOSE signal Due to application logic quality bit propagation each simple and even combined signal has quality which can be evaluated The OUT output indicates quality good o...

Страница 69: ...logic function output binary input application function output or received GOOSE signal Due to application logic quality bit propagation each simple and even combined signal has quality which can be evaluated The OUT output indicates quality bad of the input signal Input signals that have any other than test bit set will indicate quality bad status 3 10 2 3 Signals Table 57 QTY_BAD Input signals T...

Страница 70: ...ARNING and ALARM are extracted from the enumerated input value Only one of the outputs can be active at a time In case the GOOSERCV_ENUM function block doesn t receive the value from the sending relay or it is invalid the default value 0 is used and the ALARM is activated in the T_HEALTH function block 3 10 3 3 Signals Table 59 T_HEALTH Input signals Table 60 T_HEALTH Output signals 3 10 4 T_F32_I...

Страница 71: ...t signals Table 62 T_F32_INT8 Output signals 3 10 4 2 Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control relay Manager PCM600 3 11 Configurable logic blocks 3 11 1 Standard configurable logic blocks 3 11 1 1 OR function block Function block Figure 21 Function blocks 3 11 1 2 Functionality OR and OR6 are used to form general combinatory expressions with B...

Страница 72: ...R 6 Input signals Table 65 OR Output signals Table 66 OR6 Output signals Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 B3 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 3 B4 BOOLEAN ...

Страница 73: ... blocks Functionality AND and AND6 are used to form general combinatory expressions with Boolean variables The default value in all inputs is logical true which makes it possible to use only the required number of inputs and leave the rest disconnected AND has two inputs and AND6 has six inputs AND B1 B2 O B1 B2 O B3 B4 B5 B6 AND6 ...

Страница 74: ...nction block Figure 23 Function block Functionality The exclusive OR function XOR is used to generate combinatory expressions with Boolean variables Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 2 B3 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 3 B4 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 4 B5 BOOLEAN 0 Input sign...

Страница 75: ...ction block Figure 24 Function block Functionality NOT is used to generate combinatory expressions with Boolean variables NOT inverts the input signal Signals Table 73 NOT Input signals Table 74 NOT Output signals Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 Name Type Default Description B1 BOOLEAN 0 Input signal 1 B2 BOOLEAN 0...

Страница 76: ...nected or the quality is bad MAX3 output value is set to 2 21 Signals Table 75 MAX3 Input signals Table 76 MAX3 Output signals Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 3 11 1 7 MIN3 function block Function block Figure 26 Function block Name Type Default Description IN1 FLOAT32 0 Input signal 1 IN2 FLOAT32 0 Input signal 2 ...

Страница 77: ...any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 3 11 1 8 R_TRIG function block Function block Figure 27 Function block Functionality R_Trig is used as a rising edge detector R_Trig detects the transition from FALSE to TRUE at the CLK input When the rising edge is detected the element assigns the output to TRUE At the next execution round the output is returned to FA...

Страница 78: ...sition from TRUE to FALSE at the CLK input When the falling edge is detected the element assigns the Q output to TRUE At the next execution round the output is returned to FALSE despite the state of the input Signals Table 81 F_TRIG Input signals Table 82 F_TRIG Output signals Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 Name T...

Страница 79: ...osition information can be communicated with the IEC 61850 GOOSE messages The position information is a double binary data type which is fed to the POS input T_POS_CL and T_POS_OP are used for extracting the circuit breaker status information Respectively T_POS_OK is used to validate the intermediate or faulty breaker position T_POS_CL POS T_POS_OP POS T_POS_OK POS CLOSE OPEN OK ...

Страница 80: ...any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 Circuit breaker position Output of the function block T_POS_CL T_POS_OP T_POS_OK Intermediate 00 FALSE FALSE FALSE Close 01 TRUE FALSE TRUE Open 10 FALSE TRUE TRUE Faulty 11 TRUE TRUE FALSE Name Type Default Description POS Double binary 0 Input signal Name Type Default Description CLK Double binary 0 Input signal Name...

Страница 81: ...t Output NOTQ is the negation of output Q Table 90 Truth table for SR flip flop 1 Keep state no change Table 91 T_POS_OK Input signals Table 92 T_POS_CL Output signals The statuses of outputs Q and NOTQ are not retained in the nonvolatile memory S R Q 0 0 01 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 Name Type Default Description S BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q output when set R BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q output when set Name Type ...

Страница 82: ...s physical pole position inputs based on the global General System Phase Order Mode setting value to the normal system phase order The phase order from actual pole position inputs could be any of possible six combinations like ABC BAC CAB etc With this function and the phase order mode setting the ACT logic does not need to be changed for different physical phase orders The order of the inputs of ...

Страница 83: ...lay RER620 can properly indicate phase measurement and protection function operations and with help of the function block PH_ORD_IN see the detail in section 3 11 1 12 all the related control functions such as SCBXCBR SDARRREC etc provide the system rotation setting based operations which need to be matched the physical breaker pole position order This function reorders physical phase the outputs ...

Страница 84: ...RD_IN Signals Table 95 PH_ORD_OUT Input signals Table 96 PH_ORD_OUT Output signals Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or Protection and Control Relay Manager PCM600 3 11 2 Local remote control function block CONTROL 3 11 2 1 Function block Figure 33 Function block Name Type Default Description A BOOLEAN 0 Phase A B BOOLEAN 0 Phase B C BOOLEAN 0 Phase C Name Type D...

Страница 85: ...the CONTROL function outputs Only one output is active at a time Table 97 Truth table for CONTROL The station authority check based on the command originator category can be enabled by setting the value of the Station authority setting to Station Remote The command originator validation is performed only if the LR control setting is set to Binary input The station authority check is not in use by ...

Страница 86: ...trol input Local CTRL_STA BOOLEAN 0 Control input Station CTRL_REM BOOLEAN 0 Control input Remote Name Type Description OFF BOOLEAN Control output OFF LOCAL BOOLEAN Control output Local STATION BOOLEAN Control output Station REMOTE BOOLEAN Control output Remote Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description LR control 1 LR key 2 Binary input 1 LR key LR control through LR key or binary input...

Страница 87: ... settings see the operation manual Parameter Type Values Range Unit Description Command response ENUM 1 Select open 2 Select close 3 Operate open 4 Operate close 5 Direct open 6 Direct close 7 Cancel 8 Position reached 9 Position timeout 10 Object status only 11 Object direct 12 Object select 13 RL local allowed 14 RL remote allowed 15 RL off 16 Function off 17 Function blocked 18 Command progress...

Страница 88: ...Section 3 1MAC309294 MB F Basic functions 82 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 89: ...n the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 1 1 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable Function description IE...

Страница 90: ...measured phase currents are compared phase wise with the set Pickup value and if enabled the Pickup block value If the measured value exceeds the set Pickup value and is less than the Pickup block value the level detector reports the pickup to the phase selection logic If the ENA_MULT input is active the Pickup value setting is multiplied by the Pickup value Mult setting Do not set the multiplier ...

Страница 91: ... Num of pickup phases setting the phase selection logic activates the timer module When in single phase tripping mode the Num of pickup phases setting has no affect on operation and the outputs of the level detector are passed directly to the corresponding timer module Timer Once activated the timer activates the PICKUP output Depending on the value of the Operating curve type setting the time cha...

Страница 92: ...red trip time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The timer calculates the pickup duration PICKUP_DUR value which indicates the percentual ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time The value is available through the Monitored data view Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking functionality The operation modes are controlled by the B...

Страница 93: ... IDMT characteristics curves of which seven comply with the IEEE C37 112 and six with the IEC 60255 3 standard Two curves follow the special characteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD In addition to this a user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable The user can choose the DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values ANSI ...

Страница 94: ...1 IEC Inverse x x 12 IEC Extremely Inverse x x x 13 IEC Short Time Inverse x x 14 IEC Long Time Inverse x x 15 IEC Definite Time x x x 17 User programmable x x x 18 RI type x x 19 RD type x x 1 Recloser 1 102 x x 2 Recloser 2 135 x x 3 Recloser 3 140 x x 4 Recloser 4 106 x x 5 Recloser 5 114 x x 6 Recloser 6 136 x x 7 Recloser 7 152 x x 8 Recloser 8 113 x x 9 Recloser 8 111 x x 10 Recloser 8 x x 1...

Страница 95: ... 34 Recloser R 105 x x 35 Recloser T 161 x x 36 Recloser V 137 x x 37 Recloser W 138 x x 38 Recloser Y 120 x x 39 Recloser Z 134 x x 50P 3 supports only definite time characteristic For a detailed description of timers see the General function block features section in this manual Reset curve type Supported by 51P 50P 1 2 Note 1 Immediate x x Available for all reset time curves 2 Def time reset x ...

Страница 96: ...usbar overcurrent protection with reverse blocking principle By implementing a full set of overcurrent protection stages and blocking channels between the protection stages of the incoming feeders bus tie and outgoing feeders it is possible to speed up the operation of overcurrent protection in the busbar and transformer LV side faults without impairing the selectivity Also the security degree of ...

Страница 97: ...aring time in this case Figure 37 Numerical overcurrent protection functionality for a typical sub transmission distribution substation feeder protection not shown Blocking output digital output signal from the start of a protection stage Blocking in digital input signal to block the operation of a protection stage The operating times of the time selective stages are very short because the grading...

Страница 98: ...overcurrent protection The basic requirements for feeder overcurrent protection are adequate sensitivity and operation speed taking into account the minimum and maximum fault current levels along the protected line selectivity requirements inrush currents and the thermal and mechanical withstand of the lines to be protected In many cases the above requirements can be best fulfilled by using multip...

Страница 99: ... is an effective tool to study the operation of time selective operation characteristics All the points mentioned earlier required to define the overcurrent protection parameters can be expressed simultaneously in a coordination plan In Figure 13 the coordination plan shows an example of operation characteristics in the LV side incoming feeder and radial outgoing feeder ...

Страница 100: ... activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_...

Страница 101: ...on TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 0 05 5 00 xIn 0 01 1 00 Pickup value Pickup value mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Time multiplier 0 05 15 00 0 05 1 00 Time multiplier in IEC ANSI IDMT curves Trip delay time 40 200000 ms 10 40 Trip ...

Страница 102: ...03 18 Recloser 18 151 19 Recloser A 101 20 Recloser B 117 21 Recloser C 133 22 Recloser D 116 23 Recloser E 132 24 Recloser F 163 25 Recloser G 121 26 Recloser H 122 27 Recloser J 164 28 Recloser Kg 165 29 Recloser Kp 162 30 Recloser L 107 31 Recloser M 118 32 Recloser N 104 33 Recloser P 115 34 Recloser R 105 35 Recloser T 161 36 Recloser V 137 37 Recloser W 138 38 Recloser Y 120 39 Recloser Z 13...

Страница 103: ...customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 46 30 00 29 10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 0 10 40 00 xIn 0 01 0 10 Pickup value Pickup value mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Mul...

Страница 104: ... 0 7120 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 46 30 00 29 10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 1 00 40 00 xIn 0 01 1 00 Pickup value Pickup ...

Страница 105: ... set value at currents in the range of 10 40 x In Pickup time 12 1 Measurement mode default depends on stage current before fault 0 0 x In fn 60 Hz fault current in one phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum 50P 3 IFault 2 x set Pickup valu...

Страница 106: ...racteristics for low stage 67 51P and Technical revision Change C Minimum and default values changed to 20 ms for the Trip delay time setting Minimum value changed to 1 00 x In for the Pickup value setting Technical revision Change C Measurement mode P to P backup replaced with Peak to Peak Technical revision Change B Minimum and default values changed to 40 ms for the Trip delay time setting Func...

Страница 107: ...vercurrent and short circuit protection The phase tripping mode is selected with the Configuration setting Recloser type The operation in either tripping mode can be described by using a module diagram see Figure 41 Some modules have different functionality depending on whether the function is in one phase or three phase tripping mode All the blocks in the diagram are explained in the next section...

Страница 108: ...ormation is provided by a special memory function for a time defined with the Voltage Mem time setting DPHxPDOC is provided with a memory function to secure a reliable and correct directional relay operation in case of a close short circuit or an earth fault characterized by an extremely low voltage At sudden loss of the polarization quantity the angle difference is calculated on the basis of a fi...

Страница 109: ... fault situation Figure 42 Operating zones at minimum magnitude levels Level detector The measured phase currents are compared phase wise with the set Pickup value and if enabled the Pickup block value If the measured value exceeds the set Pickup value and is less than the Pickup block value the level detector reports the pickup to the phase selection logic If the ENA_MULT input is active the Pick...

Страница 110: ...ase information matches the Num of pickup phases setting the phase selection logic activates the timer module When in single phase tripping mode the Num of pickup phases setting has no affect on operation and the outputs of the level detector are passed directly to the corresponding timer module Timer Once activated the timer activates the PICKUP output Depending on the value of the Operating curv...

Страница 111: ...tput is deactivated The setting Time multiplier is used for scaling the IDMT trip and reset times The setting parameter Minimum trip time defines the minimum desired trip time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The timer calculates the pickup duration PICKUP_DUR value which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time The value is ...

Страница 112: ... limited with the Min reverse angle and Max reverse angle settings In the forward operation area the Max forward angle setting gives the counterclockwise sector and the Min forward angle setting gives the corresponding clockwise sector measured from the Characteristic angle setting In the backward operation area the Max reverse angle setting gives the counterclockwise sector and the Min reverse an...

Страница 113: ...rs or the direction cannot be defined due too low amplitude 0 unknown The ANGLE_X is in the forward sector 1 forward The ANGLE_X is in the reverse sector 2 backward The ANGLE_X is in both forward and reverse sectors that is when the sectors are overlapping 3 both Criterion for phase combined direction information The value for DIRECTION The direction information DIR_X for all phases is unknown 0 u...

Страница 114: ...method there is no need to rotate the polarizing quantity Figure 45 Single phase ground fault phase A In an example case of a two phase short circuit failure where the fault is between phases B and C the angle difference is measured between the polarizing quantity VBC and operating quantity IB IC in the self polarizing method Faulted phases Used fault current Used polarizing voltage Angle differen...

Страница 115: ...g method The polarizing quantity is rotated with 90 degrees The characteristic angle is assumed to be 0 degrees Faulted phases Used fault current Used polarizing voltage Angle difference A IA VBC B IB VCA C IC VAB A B IA IB VBC VCA B C IB IC VCA VAB C A IC IA VAB VBC ANGLE A V I BC A RCA o _ 90 ANGLE B V I CA B RCA o _ 90 ANGLE C V I AB C RCA o _ 90 ANGLE A V V I I BC CA A B RCA o _ 90 ANGLE B V V...

Страница 116: ...anual Figure 47 Single phase ground fault phase A In an example of the phasors in a two phase short circuit failure where the fault is between the phases B and C the angle difference is measured between the polarizing quantity VAB and operating quantity IB IC marked as φ ...

Страница 117: ... angle difference between the operating and polarizing quantity is calculated with the same formula for all fault types Equation 1 This means that the actuating polarizing quantity is V2 The equations are valid when network rotating direction is counterclockwise that is ABC If the network rotating direction is reversed 180 degrees is added to the calculated angle difference This is done automatica...

Страница 118: ...V2 Positive sequence voltage as polarizing quantity Table 131 Equations for calculating angle difference for positive sequence quantity polarizing method Faulted phases Used fault current Used polarizing voltage Angle difference A IA V1 B IB V1 C IC V1 A B IA IB V1 B C IB IC V1 C A IC IA V1 ANGLE A V I A RCA _ 1 ANGLE B V I B RCA _ 1 120 ANGLE C V IC RCA _ 1 120 ANGLE A V I I A B RCA _ 1 30 ANGLE ...

Страница 119: ...n is defined with a system parameter Phase rotation The change in the network rotating direction affects the phase to phase voltages polarization method where the calculated angle difference needs to be rotated 180 degrees Also when the sequence components are used which are the positive sequence voltage or negative sequence voltage components the calculation of the components is affected but the ...

Страница 120: ...lt current calculations are needed There are situations with no possibility to have the selectivity with a protection system based on overcurrent relays in a closed ring system In some applications the possibility of obtaining the selectivity can be improved significantly if 67 51P and 67 50P is used This can also be done in the closed ring networks and radial networks with the generation connecte...

Страница 121: ... The closed ring network topology is used in applications where electricity distribution for the consumers is secured during network fault situations The power is fed at least from two directions which means that the current direction can be varied The time grading between the network level stages is challenging without unnecessary delays in the time settings In this case it is practical to use th...

Страница 122: ...Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current I2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence current V_A_AB SIGNAL 0 Phase to ground voltage A or phase to phase voltage AB V_B_BC SIGNAL 0 Phase to ground voltage B or phase to phase voltage BC V_C_CA SIGNAL 0 Phase to ground voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA V1 SIGNAL 0 Positive phase sequence voltage V2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOL...

Страница 123: ...to phase voltage BC V_C_CA SIGNAL 0 Phase to ground voltage C or phase to phase voltage CA V1 SIGNAL 0 Positive phase sequence voltage V2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Name Type Description PICKUP ...

Страница 124: ...ecloser 17 103 18 Recloser 18 151 19 Recloser A 101 20 Recloser B 117 21 Recloser C 133 22 Recloser D 116 23 Recloser E 132 24 Recloser F 163 25 Recloser G 121 26 Recloser H 122 27 Recloser J 164 28 Recloser Kg 165 29 Recloser Kp 162 30 Recloser L 107 31 Recloser M 118 32 Recloser N 104 33 Recloser P 115 34 Recloser R 105 35 Recloser T 161 36 Recloser V 137 37 Recloser W 138 38 Recloser Y 120 39 R...

Страница 125: ... 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3 Number of phases required for trip activation Minimum trip time 20 60000 ms 1 20 Minimum trip time for IDMT curves Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Curve parameter A 0 0086 120 0000 28 2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 0000 0 ...

Страница 126: ...IEC DT 17 Programmable 5 ANSI DT Selection of time delay curve type Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Trip delay time 40 200000 ms 10 40 Trip delay time Characteristic angle 179 180 deg 1 60 Characteristic angle Max forward angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Maximum phase angle in forward direction Max reverse angle 0 90 deg 1 80 Maximum ph...

Страница 127: ...o Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Min trip current 0 01 1 00 xIn 0 01 0 01 Minimum trip current Min trip voltage 0 01 1 00 xVn 0 01 0 01 Minimum trip voltage Curve parameter A 0 0086 120 0000 28 2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 0000 0 7120 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 00 Parameter C for customer progra...

Страница 128: ...wn 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction information DIR_A Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase A DIR_B Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase B DIR_C Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase C ANGLE_A FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase B ANGLE_...

Страница 129: ... 2 backward 3 both Direction information DIR_A Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase A DIR_B Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase B DIR_C Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Direction phase C ANGLE_A FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 180 00 180 00 deg Calculated angle difference Phase B ANGLE_C FLOAT32 18...

Страница 130: ...ault 1 0 x Vn fn 60 Hz fault current in one phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum IFault 2 0 x set Pickup value 37 ms 40 ms 42 ms Reset time 40 ms Reset ratio Typical 0 96 Retardation time 35 ms Trip time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0...

Страница 131: ...t dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 1 3 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The operation of non directional ground fault protection can be described by using ...

Страница 132: ...et Reset delay time value is exceeded When the IDMT curves are selected the Type of reset curve setting can be set to Immediate Def time reset or Inverse reset The reset curve type Immediate causes an immediate reset With the reset curve type Def time reset the reset time depends on the Reset delay time setting With the reset curve type Inverse reset the reset time depends on the current during th...

Страница 133: ...odes RMS DFT and Peak to Peak The measurement mode is selected with the Measurement mode setting Table 143 Measurement modes supported by 51N 50N or 51G 50G stages 4 1 3 6 Timer characteristics 51N 50N or 51G 50G supports both DT and IDMT characteristics The user can select the timer characteristics with the Operating curve type and Type of reset curve settings When the DT characteristic is select...

Страница 134: ...e DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values ANSI Def Time or IEC Def Time The functionality is identical in both cases The following characteristics which comply with the list in the IEC 61850 7 4 specification indicate the characteristics supported by different stages ...

Страница 135: ...x 11 IEC Inverse x x 12 IEC Extremely Inverse x x x 13 IEC Short Time Inverse x x 14 IEC Long Time Inverse x x 15 IEC Definite Time x x x 17 User programmable x x x 18 RI type x x 19 RD type x x 1 Recloser 1 102 x x 2 Recloser 2 135 x x 3 Recloser 3 140 x x 4 Recloser 4 106 x x 5 Recloser 5 114 x x 6 Recloser 6 136 x x 7 Recloser 7 152 x x 8 Recloser 8 113 x x 9 Recloser 8 111 x x 10 Recloser 8 x ...

Страница 136: ...33 Recloser P 115 x x 34 Recloser R 105 x x 35 Recloser T 161 x x 36 Recloser V 137 x x 37 Recloser W 138 x x 38 Recloser Y 120 x x 39 Recloser Z 134 x x 50N G 3 supports only definite time characteristics For a detailed description of timers see the General function block features section in this manual Reset curve type Supported by 51N G 50N G 1 2 Note 1 Immediate x x Available for all reset tim...

Страница 137: ... G 3 are used for fast clearance of serious ground faults 4 1 3 8 Signals Table 146 51N G and 50SEF Input signals Table 147 50N G 1 2 Input signals Table 148 50N G 3 Input signals Table 149 51N G and 50SEF Output signals Name Type Default Description IG or IN SIGNAL 0 Ground current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for curre...

Страница 138: ...tion functions 132 RER620 Technical Manual Table 150 50N G 1 2 Output signals Table 151 50N G 3 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup ...

Страница 139: ...C Ext Inv 13 IEC ST Inv 14 IEC LT Inv 15 IEC DT 17 Programmable 18 RI Type 19 RD Type 1 Recloser 1 102 2 Recloser 2 135 3 Recloser 3 140 4 Recloser 4 106 5 Recloser 5 114 6 Recloser 6 136 7 Recloser 7 152 8 Recloser 8 113 9 Recloser 8 111 10 Recloser 8 11 Recloser 9 131 12 Recloser 11 141 13 Recloser 13 142 14 Recloser 14 119 15 Recloser 15 112 16 Recloser 16 139 17 Recloser 17 103 18 Recloser 18 ...

Страница 140: ...de Curve parameter A 0 0086 120 0000 28 2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 0000 0 7120 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 46 30 00 29 10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curv...

Страница 141: ...ter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 0000 0 7120 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 46 30 00 29 10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Descript...

Страница 142: ...0 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time 51N G and 50SEF Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 disabled Status Name Type Values Range Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time 50N G 1 2 Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 disabled Status Name Type Values Range Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time ...

Страница 143: ...s the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum 50N G 3 IFault 2 x set Pickup value IFault 10 x set Pickup value 16 ms 11 ms 19 ms 12 ms 23 ms 14 ms 50N 1 2 50G 1 2 and 51N G IFault 2 x set Pickup value 22 ms 24 ms 25 ms Reset time 40 ms Reset ratio Typical 0 96 Retardation time 30 ms Trip time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Trip time accuracy in inve...

Страница 144: ...trip time characteristic for low stage 67 51N and 67 50N 1 and high stage 67 50N 2 can be selected to be either definite time DT or inverse definite minimum time IDMT In the DT mode the function trips after a predefined trip time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible ...

Страница 145: ...A_MULT input is active the Pickup value setting is multiplied by the Pickup value Mult setting The pickup value multiplication is normally done when the inrush detection function INR is connected to the ENA_MULT input Directional calculation The directional calculation module monitors the angle between the operating current and polarizing voltage When the angle is in the operation sector the modul...

Страница 146: ...ration sector The correction can only be used with the IoCos or IoSin modes The minimum signal level which allows directional operation can be set by using the Min trip current and Min trip voltage settings When polarizing quantity residual voltage Uo is inverted because of switched voltage measurement cables the correction can be done by setting the Pol reversal to True which turns polarizing qua...

Страница 147: ...time reset or Inverse reset The reset curve type Immediate causes an immediate reset With the reset curve type Def time reset the reset time depends on the Reset delay time setting With the reset curve type Inverse reset the reset time depends on the current during the drop off situation If the drop off situation continues the reset timer is reset and the PICKUP output is deactivated The setting T...

Страница 148: ...tivated 4 1 4 5 Directional ground fault principles In many cases it is difficult to achieve selective ground fault protection based on the magnitude of zero sequence current only To obtain a selective ground fault protection scheme it is necessary to take the phase angle of I0 into account This is done by comparing the phase angle of I0 to that of the zero sequence voltage V0 Relay characteristic...

Страница 149: ...a compensated network Example 2 The Phase angle mode is selected solidly grounded network φRCA 60 deg Characteristic angle 60 deg maximum torque line Characteristic angle 0 deg Non operating area Min forward angle Min reverse angle Min operate current Max forward angle Max reverse angle I0 operating quantity V polarizing quantity zero torque line ...

Страница 150: ...dly grounded network Example 3 The Phase angle mode is selected isolated network φRCA 90 deg Characteristic angle 90 deg N o n o p e r a t i n g a r e a Min reverse angle Min operate current Max forward angle Max reverse angle Characteristic angle 60 deg Min forward angle maximum torque line zero torque line polarizing quantity operating quantity 0 V 0 I ...

Страница 151: ... the residual voltage V0 Consequently the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 90 degrees and the operation criteria to I0sin φ or phase angle The width of the operating sector in the phase angle criteria can be selected with the settings Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle or Max reverse angle The figure below describes how ground fault current is defined in isolated ...

Страница 152: ...he compensation coil would disturb the operation of the relays In this case the selectivity is based on the measurement of the active current component The magnitude of this component is often small and must be increased by means of a parallel resistor in the compensation equipment When measuring the resistive part of the zero sequence current the relay characteristic angle RCA should be set to 0 ...

Страница 153: ... operation mode Usage of the extended phase angle characteristic In addition to the RCA_CTL input the extended phase angle characteristic can be used when the compensation coil is temporarily disconnected in compensated networks When the extended operation area is used the operation area is wide enough to detect ground faults selectively in compensated networks regardless of whether the compensati...

Страница 154: ...hange any settings when a Petersen coil or a grounding resistor is switched on or off Auxiliary switches and other pieces of extra hardware are no longer required for ensuring the selectivity of the directional ground fault protection Figure 64 Extended operation area in directional ground fault protection 4 1 4 6 Measurement modes The function operates on three alternative measurement modes RMS D...

Страница 155: ...nd six with the IEC 60255 3 standard Two curves follow the special characteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD In addition to this a user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable The user can choose the DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values ANSI Def Time or IEC Def Time The functionality is identical in both cases The ...

Страница 156: ...Inverse x 10 IEC Very Inverse x 11 IEC Inverse x 12 IEC Extremely Inverse x 13 IEC Short Time Inverse x 14 IEC Long Time Inverse x 15 IEC Definite Time x x 17 User programmable curve x x 18 RI type x 19 RD type x 1 Recloser 1 102 x 2 Recloser 2 135 x 3 Recloser 3 140 x 4 Recloser 4 106 x 5 Recloser 5 114 x 6 Recloser 6 136 x 7 Recloser 7 152 x 8 Recloser 8 113 x 9 Recloser 8 111 x 10 Recloser 8 x ...

Страница 157: ...32 x 24 Recloser F 163 x 25 Recloser G 121 x 26 Recloser H 122 x 27 Recloser J 164 x 28 Recloser Kg 165 x 29 Recloser Kp 162 x 30 Recloser L 107 x 31 Recloser M 118 x 32 Recloser N 104 x 33 Recloser P 115 x 34 Recloser R 105 x 35 Recloser T 161 x 36 Recloser V 137 x 37 Recloser W 138 x 38 Recloser Y 120 x 39 Recloser Z 134 x For a detailed description of the timers see the General function block f...

Страница 158: ...ctor and the Min forward angle setting correspondingly the anti clockwise sector measured from the Characteristic angle setting In the reverse operation area the Max reverse angle setting gives the clockwise sector and the Min reverse angle setting correspondingly the anti clockwise sector measured from the complement of the Characteristic angle setting 180 degrees phase shift The relay characteri...

Страница 159: ...ow non dir setting is True In that case the function is allowed to operate in the directional mode as non directional since the directional information is invalid Fault direction The value for DIRECTION Angle between the polarizing and operating quantity is not in any of the defined sectors 0 unknown Angle between the polarizing and operating quantity is in the forward sector 1 forward Angle betwe...

Страница 160: ...Furthermore in completely compensated networks the fault current is usually mostly resistive Therefore the phase angle and I0cos φ criteria are equally sensitive However if the fault is in the background network the fault current of a sound and healthy line is almost fully capacitive and its phase angle is close to the operation area of the component Therefore the I0cos φ characteristic is recomme...

Страница 161: ...assed directly to a decisive element which provides the final pickup and trip signals The following examples show the characteristics of the different operation criteria Example 1 I0sin φ criterion selected forward type fault FAULT_DIR 1 Figure 66 Operating characteristic I0sin φ in forward fault The operating sector is limited by Angle correction that is the operating sector is 180 degrees 2 Angl...

Страница 162: ...on functions 156 RER620 Technical Manual FAULT_DIR 2 Figure 67 Operating characteristic I0sin φ in reverse fault Example 3 I0cos φ criterion selected forward type fault FAULT_DIR 1 RCA 90 deg Correction angle Min operating current 0 0 0 ...

Страница 163: ...otection functions RER620 157 Technical Manual Figure 68 Operating characteristic I0cos φ in forward fault Example 4 I0cos φ criterion selected reverse type fault FAULT_DIR 2 RCA 0 deg Correction angle Min operating current 0 0 0 ...

Страница 164: ...ve a fixed value of 80 degrees The sector limits of the fixed sectors are rounded The sector rounding is used for cancelling the CT measurement errors at low current amplitudes When the current amplitude falls below three percent of the nominal current the sector is reduced to 70 degrees at the fixed sector side This makes the protection more selective which means that the phase angle measurement ...

Страница 165: ...g using the value Phase angle 88 Phase angle classic 88 implements the same functionality as the phase angle but with the following differences RCA Non operating area 3 nominal amplitude Max forward angle Min forward angle Min reverse angle Max reverse angle 70 deg 80 deg 70 deg 80 deg Forward area Backward area 1 nominal amplitude 0 I 0 V 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 of 0 90 45 30 15 75 60 90 45 30 15 75 6...

Страница 166: ...rent amplitude is between 1 100 percent of the nominal current the sector limit increases linearly from 85 degrees to 88 degrees If the current amplitude is more than 100 percent of the nominal current the sector limit is 88 degrees Figure 72 Operating characteristic for phase angle classic 88 There is no sector rounding on the other side of the sector If the current amplitude falls below one perc...

Страница 167: ...works or in networks with high impedance grounding the phase to ground fault current is significantly smaller than the short circuit currents In addition the magnitude of the fault current is almost independent of the fault location in the network The function uses the zero sequence current components I0cos φ or I0sin φ according to the grounding method where φ is the angle between the zero sequen...

Страница 168: ...le Alternatively I0sin φ operation can be used with a reversal polarizing quantity The polarizing quantity can be rotated 180 degrees by setting the Pol reversal parameter to True or by switching the polarity of the zero sequence voltage measurement wires Although the I0sin φ operation can be used in solidly grounded networks the phase angle is recommended In some applications negative sequence po...

Страница 169: ...gative sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier RCA_CTL BOOLEAN 0 False Relay characteristic angle control Name Type Default Description I0 or IG or I2 SIGNAL 0 Zero Sequence current Negative sequence current V0 or VG or V2 SIGNAL 0 Zero Sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN...

Страница 170: ...ription TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 0 010 5 000 xIn 0 005 0 010 Pickup value Pickup value mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Directional mode 1 Non directional 2 Forward 3 Reverse 2 Forward Directional mode Time multiplier 0 05 15 00 0 05 1 00 Time multiplier in IEC ANSI IDMT curves ...

Страница 171: ...15 Recloser 15 112 16 Recloser 16 139 17 Recloser 17 103 18 Recloser 18 151 19 Recloser A 101 20 Recloser B 117 21 Recloser C 133 22 Recloser D 116 23 Recloser E 132 24 Recloser F 163 25 Recloser G 121 26 Recloser H 122 27 Recloser J 164 28 Recloser Kg 165 29 Recloser Kp 162 30 Recloser L 107 31 Recloser M 118 32 Recloser N 104 33 Recloser P 115 34 Recloser R 105 35 Recloser T 161 36 Recloser V 13...

Страница 172: ...lay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Minimum trip time 60 60000 ms 1 60 Minimum trip time for IDMT curves Allow Non Dir 0 False 1 True 0 False Allows prot activation as non dir when dir info is invalid Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 3 Peak to Peak 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode Min trip current 0 005 1 000 xIn 0 001 0 005 Minimum trip current Min trip voltage 0 01 1 00 xVn 0 01 0 01 Minimu...

Страница 173: ... curve type Type of reset curve 1 Immediate 2 Def time reset 3 Inverse reset 1 Immediate Selection of reset curve type Trip delay time 40 200000 ms 10 40 Trip delay time Operation mode 1 Phase angle 2 IoSin 3 IoCos 4 Phase angle 80 5 Phase angle 88 1 Phase angle Operation criteria Characteristic angle 179 180 deg 1 90 Characteristic angle Max forward angle 0 180 deg 1 88 Maximum phase angle in for...

Страница 174: ...Minimum trip current Min trip voltage 0 01 1 00 xVn 0 01 0 01 Minimum trip voltage Correction angle 0 0 10 0 deg 0 1 0 0 Angle correction Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 0 False Rotate polarizing quantity Curve parameter A 0 0086 120 0000 28 2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 0000 0 7120 0 1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 02 2 00 2 ...

Страница 175: ...g Angle between operating angle and characteristic angle I_OPER FLOAT 32 0 00 40 00 Calculated operating current 67 51N and 67 50N 1 Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocke d 5 disabled Status Name Type Values Range Unit Description FAULT_DIR Enum 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward 3 both Detected fault direction PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time DIRECTION Enum 0 unkn...

Страница 176: ...urrent before fault 0 0 x In fn 60 Hz ground fault current with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum 67 50N 2 and 67 51N and 67 50N 1 IFault 2 x set Pickup value 61 ms 64 ms 66 ms Reset time 40 ms Reset ratio Typical 0 96 Retardation time 30 ms Trip...

Страница 177: ...3 6 above 4 1 5 7 Application Electric power lines experience faults for many reasons In most cases electrical faults manifest in mechanical damage which must be repaired before returning the line to service Most of these faults are ground faults A small percentage of the ground faults have a very large impedance They are comparable to load impedance and consequently have very little fault current...

Страница 178: ...verse definite minimum time IDMT In the DT mode the function trips after a predefined trip time and resets when the fault current disappears The IDMT mode provides current dependent timer characteristics The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 1 6 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disable...

Страница 179: ...urve parameter A Curve parameter B Curve parameter C Curve parameter D and Curve parameter E If a drop off situation happens that is a fault suddenly disappears before the trip delay is exceeded the timer reset state is activated The functionality of the timer in the reset state depends on the combination of the Operating curve type Type of reset curve and Reset delay time settings When the DT cha...

Страница 180: ... and the timers are reset In the Block TRIP output mode the function operates normally however the TRIP output is not activated 4 1 6 5 Application Since the negative sequence current quantities are not present during normal balanced load conditions the negative sequence overcurrent protection elements can be set for faster and more sensitive operation than the normal phase overcurrent protection ...

Страница 181: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 4 Protection functions RER620 175 Technical Manual Multiple time curves and time multiplier settings are also available for coordinating with other devices in the system ...

Страница 182: ... False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0 False Enable signal for current multiplier Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 0 01 5 00 xIn 0 01 0 30 Pickup value Pickup value mult 0 8 10 0 0 1 1 0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Time multiplier 0 05 15 00 0 05 1 00 Time mul...

Страница 183: ...3 142 14 Recloser 14 119 15 Recloser 15 112 16 Recloser 16 139 17 Recloser 17 103 18 Recloser 18 151 19 Recloser A 101 20 Recloser B 117 21 Recloser C 133 22 Recloser D 116 23 Recloser E 132 24 Recloser F 163 25 Recloser G 121 26 Recloser H 122 27 Recloser J 164 28 Recloser Kg 165 29 Recloser Kp 162 30 Recloser L 107 31 Recloser M 118 32 Recloser N 104 33 Recloser P 115 34 Recloser R 105 35 Reclos...

Страница 184: ... 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Name Type Values Range Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time 46 Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 disabled Status Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the current measured fn 2Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 x In Pickup time 1 2 1 Negative sequence current before fault 0 0 fn...

Страница 185: ... needs to be above the minimum level 46PD trips with DT characteristic The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function output timer or the function itself if desired 4 1 7 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The operation of phase discontinuity protect...

Страница 186: ...ve the set Min phase current At least one of the phase currents needs to be above the set limit to enable the level detector module Timer Once activated the timer activates the PICKUP output The time characteristic is according to DT When the trip timer has reached the value set by Trip delay time the TRIP output is activated If the fault disappears before the module trips the reset timer is activ...

Страница 187: ...ing broken conductors in distribution and subtransmission networks The function is applicable for both overhead lines and underground cables The operation of 46PD is based on the ratio of positive and negative sequence currents This gives better sensitivity and stability compared to plain negative sequence current protection since the calculated ratio of positive and negative sequence currents is ...

Страница 188: ...the broken conductor fault in phase A with the ratio of negative and positive sequence currents 4 1 7 6 Signals Table 189 46PD Input signals Name Type Default Description I1 SIGNAL 0 Positive phase sequence current I2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence current I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the ...

Страница 189: ...ion Operation 1 Enable 5 Disable 5 Disable Operation Disable Enable Reset delay time 0 60000 ms 1 20 Reset delay time Min phase current 0 05 0 30 xIn 0 01 0 10 Minimum phase current Name Type Values Range Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time RATIO_I2_I1 FLOAT32 0 00 999 99 Measured current ratio I2 I1 46PD Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 d...

Страница 190: ...H and the fundamental frequency current I_1H exceeds the set value The trip time characteristic for the function is of definite time DT type The function contains a blocking functionality Blocking deactivates all outputs and resets timers 4 1 8 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The ope...

Страница 191: ...lue The time characteristic is according to DT When the trip timer has reached the Trip delay time value the BLK2H output is activated After the timer has elapsed and the inrush situation still exists the BLK2H signal remains active until the I_2H I_1H ratio drops below the value set for the ratio in all phases that is until the inrush situation is over If the drop off situation occurs within the ...

Страница 192: ...rush detection The inrush detection function can be used to selectively block overcurrent and ground fault function stages when the ratio of second harmonic component over the fundamental component exceeds the set value Other applications of this function include the detection of inrush in lines connected to a transformer Figure 84 Inrush current in transformer It is recommended to use the second ...

Страница 193: ...l frequency phase B current I_2H_C SIGNAL 0 Second harmonic phase C current I_1H_C SIGNAL 0 Fundamental frequency phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block input status Name Type Description BLK2H BOOLEAN Second harmonic based block Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Start value 5 100 1 20 Ratio of the 2 to the 1 harmonic leading to restraint Operate delay time 20 60000 ms 1 20...

Страница 194: ...formation on how these are configured using ACT 4 3 Voltage protection 4 3 1 Single phase overvoltage protection 59 4 3 1 1 Identification Characteristic Value Operation accuracy At the frequency f fn Current measurement 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 x In Ratio I2f I1f measurement 5 0 of the set value Reset time 35 ms 0 ms Reset ratio Typical 0 96 Trip time accuracy 35 ms 0 ms Function description...

Страница 195: ... single phase two phases or three phases 59 includes both definite time DT and inverse definite minimum time IDMT characteristics for the delay of the trip The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timer or the function itself if desired 4 3 1 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding pa...

Страница 196: ...und or phase to phase voltages for protection For the voltage IDMT operation mode the used IDMT curve equations contain discontinuity characteristics The Curve Sat relative setting is used for preventing undesired operation Phase selection logic If the fault criteria are fulfilled in the level detector the phase selection logic detects the phase or phases in which the fault level is detected If th...

Страница 197: ...combination of the Type of reset curve and Reset delay time settings Single Phase Mode Figure 87 Functional module diagram Single Phase The following description holds good when single phase mode is chosen for the recloser The fundamental frequency component of the measured single phase voltage is compared to the set value of the Start pickup value setting phase wise The Relative hysteresis settin...

Страница 198: ...state is activated The behavior in the drop off situation depends on the selected trip time characteristics If the DT characteristics are selected the reset timer runs until the set Reset delay time value is exceeded If the drop off situation exceeds the set Reset delay time the timer is reset and the PICKUP output is deactivated When the IDMT trip time curve is selected the functionality of the t...

Страница 199: ...e minimum desired trip time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The timer calculates the pickup duration value PICKUP_DUR which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time The value is available through the Monitored data view The Minimum operate time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to the I...

Страница 200: ... 4 3 1 6 Application Overvoltage in a network occurs either due to the transient surges on the network or due to prolonged power frequency overvoltages Surge arresters are used to protect the network against the transient overvoltages but the relay protection function is used to protect against power frequency overvoltages The power frequency overvoltage may occur in the network due to the conting...

Страница 201: ...signal for activating the blocking mode Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Trip OPR_A_AB BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase A or Phase AB OPR_B_BC BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase B or Phase BC OPR_C_CA BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase C or Phase CA START BOOLEAN Pickup ST_A_AB BOOLEAN Pickup output of Phase A or Phase AB ST_B_BC BOOLEAN Pickup output of Phase B or Phase BC ST_C_CA BOOLEAN Pickup output of P...

Страница 202: ...r programmable curve Curve parameter B 0 50 100 00 1 00 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 0 1 0 0 0 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 000 60 000 0 000 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 000 3 000 1 000 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Curve Sat Relative 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 Tuning parameter to avoid curv...

Страница 203: ...ion of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum VFault 1 1 x set Pickup value 22 ms 24 ms 26 ms Reset time 40 ms Reset ratio Depends of the set Relative hysteresis Retardation time 35 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode 1 0 of the set value or 20 ms Operate time accuracy in inverse time mode 5 0 of the theoretical value or 20 ms3 3 Maxi...

Страница 204: ...requency component of the measured three phase voltages are compared phase wise to the set Pickup value If the measured value is lower than the set value of the Pickup value setting the level detector enables the phase selection logic module The Relative hysteresis setting can be used for preventing unnecessary oscillations if the input signal slightly varies above or below the Pickup value settin...

Страница 205: ... according to DT or IDMT When the operation timer has reached the value set by Trip delay time in the DT mode or the maximum value defined by the IDMT the TRIP OPERATE output is activated When the user programmable IDMT curve is selected the trip time characteristics are defined by the parameters Curve parameter A Curve parameter B Curve parameter C Curve parameter D and Curve parameter E If a dro...

Страница 206: ...MT operation mode the used IDMT curve equations contain discontinuity characteristics The Curve Sat relative setting is used for preventing undesired operation Timer Once activated the timer activates the respective phase PICKUP ST_A_AB as shown typically above for respective phase output as well as the common PICKUP START output Depending on the value of the set Operating curve type the time char...

Страница 207: ...me value is exceeded If the drop off situation exceeds the set Reset delay time the timer is reset and the PICKUP output is deactivated When the IDMT trip time curve is selected the functionality of the timer in the drop off state depends on the combination of the Type of reset curve and Reset delay time settings Table 209 The reset time functionality when the IDMT trip time curve is selected Type...

Страница 208: ... the minimum desired trip time for IDMT The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used The timer calculates the pickup duration value PICKUP_DUR which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time The value is available through the Monitored data view The Minimum operate time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to th...

Страница 209: ...enerators transformers motors and power lines to detect low voltage conditions Low voltage conditions are caused by abnormal operation or a fault in the power system 27 can be used in combination with overcurrent protections Other applications are the detection of a no voltage condition for example before the energization of a high voltage line or an automatic breaker trip in case of a blackout 27...

Страница 210: ...N 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Trip OPR_A_AB BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase A or Phase AB OPR_B_BC BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase B or Phase BC OPR_C_CA BOOLEAN Trip output of Phase C or Phase CA START BOOLEAN Pickup ST_A_AB BOOLEAN Pickup output of Phase A or Phase AB ST_B_BC BOOLEAN Pickup output of Phase B or Phase BC ST_C_CA BOOLEAN Pi...

Страница 211: ...tomer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0 0 1 0 0 0 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0 000 60 000 0 000 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0 000 3 000 1 000 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Curve Sat Relative 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 Tuning parameter to avoid curve discontinuities Voltage block value 0 05 1 00 xVn 0 01 0 20 Low level blo...

Страница 212: ...on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 2Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 x Vn Pickup time12 1 Pickup value 1 0 x Vn Voltage before fault 1 1 x Vn fn 60 Hz undervoltage in one phase to phase with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum VFault 0 9 x...

Страница 213: ...If the fault disappears before the module trips the reset timer is activated If the reset timer reaches the value set by Reset delay time the trip timer resets and the PICKUP output is deactivated The timer calculates the pickup duration PICKUP_DUR value which indicates the ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time The value is available through the Monitored data view Blocking logic The...

Страница 214: ...t zero sequence voltage equal to the phase to ground voltage is achieved for a single phase ground fault The zero sequence voltage increases approximately the same amount in the whole system and does not provide any guidance in finding the faulty component Therefore this function is often used as a back up protection or as a release signal for the feeder ground fault protection The protection can ...

Страница 215: ...t Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0 00 100 00 Ratio of pickup time trip time 59N Enum 1 enabled 2 blocked 3 test 4 test blocked 5 disabled Status Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 2Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 x Vn Pickup time1 2 1 Zero sequence voltage before fault 0 0 x Vn fn 60 Hz zero sequence voltage with nominal frequency injecte...

Страница 216: ... value voltage The delay of the heavy duty output relay is included in preset operate times depends on the value of delay compensation The definite timer is allowed to run only if the input signal BLOCK is inactive If the BLOCK signal is activated the timer will be reset Moreover the PICKUP and TRIP signals cannot be activated when the BLOCK signal is active When the output PICKUP is active the pe...

Страница 217: ... PICKUP t Name Type Default Description V3P REAL 0 Group signal for connecting needed analog voltage signals to the component BLOCK BOOL FALSE Block overall function by resetting timers TRUE blocked FALSE not blocked BLK_PICKUP BOOL FALSE Block PICKUP output TRUE blocked FALSE not blocked BLK_TRIP BOOL FALSE Block TRIP output TRUE blocked FALSE not blocked FR_TIMER BOOL FALSE Freeze internal trip ...

Страница 218: ...0 Reset delay time Trip delay 0 1200 ms 1 0 Trip delay time Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 2Hz 1 5 of the set value or 0 002 x Vn Pickup time1 2 1 Zero sequence voltage before fault 0 0 x Vn fn 60 Hz zero sequence voltage with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measureme...

Страница 219: ...self if desired 4 3 5 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The operation of negative sequence overvoltage protection can be described by using a module diagram All the blocks in the diagram are explained in the next sections Figure 98 Functional module diagram V2 is used for representing ...

Страница 220: ...s are reset the Block TRIP output mode the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated 4 3 5 5 Application A continuous or temporary voltage unbalance can appear in the network for various reasons The voltage unbalance mainly occurs due to broken conductors or asymmetrical loads and is characterized by the appearance of a negative sequence component of the voltage In rotating m...

Страница 221: ...3 5 6 Signals Table 228 47 Input signals Table 229 47 Output signals 4 3 5 7 Settings Table 230 47 Group settings Table 231 47 Non group settings 4 3 5 8 Monitored data Table 232 47 Monitored data Name Type Default Description V2 SIGNAL 0 Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup...

Страница 222: ...ltage with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2 Includes the delay of the signal output contact Minimum Typical Maximum VFault 1 1 set Pickup value VFault 2 0 set Pickup value 33 ms 24 ms 35 ms 26 ms 37 ms 28 ms Reset time 40 ms Reset ratio Typical 0 96 Retardation time 35 ms Operate time accuracy in definite time mode ...

Страница 223: ... criteria to achieve even more sophisticated protection schemes for the system The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timer or the function itself if desired 4 4 1 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of the frequency protection funct...

Страница 224: ...s a detection for a positive or negative rate of change gradient of frequency based on the set Start value df dt value The negative rate of change protection is selected when the set value is negative The positive rate of change protection is selected when the set value is positive When the frequency gradient protection is selected and the gradient exceeds the set Pickup value df dt value the modu...

Страница 225: ...mpared to the set value of the Start value df dt setting When the frequency gradient exceeds the set value the module activates the START and STR_FRG outputs The time characteristic is according to DT When the operation timer has reached the value set by the Operate Tm df dt setting the OPERATE and OPR_FRG outputs are activated If the frequency gradient restores before the module operates the rese...

Страница 226: ...cy stability is one of the main principles in the distribution and transmission network maintenance To protect all frequency sensitive electrical apparatus in the network the departure from the allowed band for a safe operation should be inhibited The overfrequency protection is applicable in all situations where high levels of the fundamental frequency of a power system voltage must be reliably d...

Страница 227: ...nk two parts of the system As a result the system splits into two with one part having the excess load and the other part the corresponding deficit The frequency gradient is applicable in all the situations where the change of the fundamental power system voltage frequency should be detected reliably The frequency gradient can be used for both increasing and decreasing the frequencies This functio...

Страница 228: ...cy protection operation mode selection Start value Freq 0 900 1 200 xFn 0 001 1 050 Frequency start value overfrequency Start value Freq 0 800 1 100 xFn 0 001 0 950 Frequency start value underfrequency Start value df dt 0 200 0 200 xFn s 0 005 0 010 Frequency start value rate of change Operate Tm Freq 80 200000 ms 10 200 Operate delay time for frequency Operate Tm df dt 120 200000 ms 10 400 Operat...

Страница 229: ... value to detect the underfrequency condition The measured rate of change of frequency df dt is compared to the set value to detect a high frequency reduction rate The combination of the detected underfrequency and the high df dt is used for the activation of the load shedding There is a definite time delay between the detection of the underfrequency and high df dt and the activation of 81S Charac...

Страница 230: ... or automatically The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs timers or the function itself if desired 4 4 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and Off The operation of the load shedding and restoration function can be described using a module diagram All the...

Страница 231: ...istics Upon detection of underfrequency operation timer activates the ST_FRQ output When the underfrequency timer has reached the value set by Operate Tm Freq the OPR_FRQ output is activated if the underfrequency condition still persists If the frequency becomes normal before the module operates the reset timer is activated If the reset timer reaches the value set by Reset delay time the timer res...

Страница 232: ...comes normal before the module operates the reset timer is activated If the reset timer reaches the value of the Reset delay time setting the timer resets and the ST_FRG output is deactivated Load shedding control The way of load shedding that is whether to operate based on underfrequency or high df dt or both is defined with the Load shed mode user setting The valid operation modes for the Load s...

Страница 233: ...C309294 MB F Section 4 Protection functions RER620 227 Technical Manual Figure 103 Load shedding operation in the Freq AND df dt mode when both Freq and df dt conditions are satisfied Rated frequency 50 Hz ...

Страница 234: ...nual Restoring mode Description Disabled Load restoration is disabled Auto In the Auto mode input frequency is continuously compared to the Restore start Val setting The restore detection module includes a timer with the DT characteristics Upon detection of restoring the operation timer activates the ST_REST output When the timer has reached the value of the Restore delay time setting the RESTORE ...

Страница 235: ...ally less than 0 5 Hz The system frequency stability is one of the main concerns in the transmission and distribution network operation and control To protect the frequency sensitive electrical equipment in the network departure from the allowed band for safe operation should be inhibited Any increase in the connected load requires an increase in the real power generation to maintain the system fr...

Страница 236: ...d several load shedding relays are required to be deployed at various places near the load centers A quick shedding of a large amount of load from one place can cause a significant disturbance in the system The load shedding scheme can be made most effective if the shedding of load feeders is distributed and discrete that is the loads are shed at various locations and in distinct steps until the s...

Страница 237: ...ficient time delay should be set The value of the setting has to be well below the lowest occurring normal frequency and well above the lowest acceptable frequency of the system The setting level the number of steps and the distance between two steps in time or in frequency depend on the characteristics of the power system under consideration The size of the largest loss of generation compared to ...

Страница 238: ...just a fraction of 1 0 Hz s Similarly the setting for df dt can be from 0 1 Hz s to 1 2 Hz s in steps of 0 1 Hz s to 0 3 Hz s for large distributed power networks with the operating time varying from a few seconds to a few fractions of a second Here the operating time should be kept in minimum for the higher df dt setting Table 243 Setting for a five step df dt operation Once the frequency has sta...

Страница 239: ... SIGNAL 0 Measured frequency df dt SIGNAL 0 Rate of change of frequency BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode BLK_REST BOOLEAN 0 False Block restore MAN_RESTORE BOOLEAN 0 False Manual restore signal Name Type Description OPERATE BOOLEAN Operation of load shedding OPR_FRQ BOOLEAN Operate signal for under frequency OPR_FRG BOOLEAN Operate signal for high df dt START BOO...

Страница 240: ... detection Operate Tm Freq 80 200000 ms 10 200 Time delay to operate for under frequency stage Operate Tm df dt 120 200000 ms 10 200 Time delay to operate for df dt stage Restore start Val 0 800 1 200 xFn 0 001 0 998 Restore frequency setting value Restore delay time 80 200000 ms 10 300 Time delay to restore Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 on Operation O...

Страница 241: ...ements can be set within a predefined setting range The function has two independent timers for trip purposes a re trip timer for the repeated tripping of its own breaker and a back up timer for the trip logic operation for upstream breakers A minimum trip pulse length can be set independently for the trip output The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function o...

Страница 242: ...eeds the set Current value the level detector reports the exceeding of the value to the retrip and back up trip logics The parameter should be set low enough so that situations with small fault current or high load current can be detected The setting can be chosen in accordance with the most sensitive protection function to start the breaker failure protection When mode is selected for 3phase oper...

Страница 243: ... all the three inputs In three phase operation mode if the measured ground current value exceeds the set Current value Res the level detector reports the exceeding of the value to the back up trip logic In high impedance grounded systems the ground current at phase to ground faults are normally much smaller than the short circuit currents To detect a breaker failure at single phase ground faults i...

Страница 244: ...ed with In Current mode the detection is based on the current level exceeding In Breaker status mode the detection is based on the closed position of the circuit breaker after a trip signal is issued that is after a long duration of the trip signal In Both mode the detection is based either on the exceeding of Current value level or on the long duration of the trip signal When external information...

Страница 245: ...CB failure mode is used to select the mode the breaker fault is detected with In Current mode the detection is based on the current level exceeding In Breaker status mode the detection is based on the closed position of the circuit breaker after a trip signal is issued that is after a long duration of the trip signal In Both mode the detection is based either on the exceeding of the Current value ...

Страница 246: ...ime for the breaker failure protection to detect the correct breaker function the current criteria reset tmargin safety margin It is often required that the total fault clearance time is less than the given critical time This time is often dependent on the ability to maintain transient stability in case of a fault close to a power plant Figure 111 Time line of breaker failure protection Timer 3 Th...

Страница 247: ...iated by operating different protection functions or digital logics inside the relay It is also possible to initiate the function externally through a binary input 50BFT can be blocked by using an internally assigned signal or an external signal from a binary input This signal blocks the function of the breaker failure protection even when the timers have started or the timers are reset The retrip...

Страница 248: ...alse Phase A CBFP pickup command START_B BOOLEAN 0 False Phase B CBFP pickup command START_C BOOLEAN 0 False Phase C CBFP pickup command POSCLOSE_A BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase A in closed position POSCLOSE_B BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase B in closed position POSCLOSE_C BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase C in closed position CB_FAULT BOOLEAN 0 False CB faulty and unable to trip Name Type Description CB_FAULT_AL BOOL...

Страница 249: ...B failure mode 1 Current 2 Breaker status 3 Both 3 Both Operating mode of function CB fail retrip mode 1 Disabled 2 Without Check 3 Current check 3 Current Check Operating mode of retrip logic Retrip time 0 60000 ms 10 300 Delay timer for retrip CB failure delay 0 60000 ms 10 1000 Delay timer for backup trip CB fault delay 0 60000 ms 10 5000 Circuit breaker faulty delay Measurement mode 2 DFT 3 Pe...

Страница 250: ... It is possible to block the function outputs if desired 4 5 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The operation of breaker close failure protection can be described by using a module diagram as shown in the top portion of the logic diagram shown in the figure next page The signal inputs...

Страница 251: ...status input of a three pole breaker recloser In case there are separate pole operating mechanisms the input is OR combination of all three phase inputs either through parallel connection of 52a inputs wired to a binary input or through a logic Timer1 elapsed BLOCK CLS_RET_A CB_ FAULT POS_CLOSE_A RETRY LOGIC S T A R T_A B LO C K Tim er sta Tim er 1 elapsed S et R eset or P O S _C LO S E _ A TO N 1...

Страница 252: ...for three phase breaker close failure function when three phase operation mode is selected START BLOCK t Timer1 CLS_RET CB_ FAULT POS_CLOSE Start logic Close retry logic START BLOCK Timer start Timer1 elapsed Set Reset or POS_CLOSE TON 150ms START LOGIC Timer1 elapsed BLOCK CLS_RET CB_ FAULT POS_CLOSE RETRY LOGIC ...

Страница 253: ...ART_B BOOLEAN 0 False Phase B BFC pickup command START_C BOOLEAN 0 False Phase C BFC pickup command POSCLOSE_A BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase A in closed position POSCLOSE_B BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase B in closed position POSCLOSE_C BOOLEAN 0 False CB Phase C in closed position CB_FAULT BOOLEAN 0 False CB faulty and unable to close Name Type Description CLS_RET BOOLEAN CB Close CLS_RET_A BOOLEAN CB Phase ...

Страница 254: ...000 ms 10 300 Delay timer for reclose attempt Close pulse time 0 60000 ms 10 150 Pulse length of reclose outputs Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 Enable 5 Disable 1 Enable Operation Off On Close delay time 0 60000 ms 10 2000 Delay timer for reclose attempt Close pulse time 0 60000 ms 10 150 Pulse length of reclose outputs Name Type Values Range Unit Description 50BF...

Страница 255: ...B2 August 1 2006 to detect high impedance fault The high impedance fault detector function HIZ also contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block function outputs if desired 4 5 3 4 Principle of operation The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable HIZ uses a multi algorithm approach Each algorithm uses v...

Страница 256: ...or challenge is to develop a data model that acknowledges that high impedance faults could take place at any time within the observation window of the signal and could be delayed randomly and attenuated substantially The model is motivated by extensive research actual experimental observations in the laboratory field testing and what traditionally represents an accurate depiction of a non stationa...

Страница 257: ...consequently have very little fault current These high impedance faults do not pose imminent danger to power system equipment However they are a considerable threat to people and property The IEEE Power System Relay Committee working group on High Impedance Fault Detection Technology defines High Impedance Faults as those that do not produce enough fault current to be detectable by conventional ov...

Страница 258: ...EF CT BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Security level 1 10 1 5 Security Level Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 Enable 5 Disable 5 Disable Operation Disable Enable System type 1 Grounded 2 Ungrounded 1 Grounded System Type Name Type Values R...

Страница 259: ...e phasor are used to calculate the pre fault load impedance and fault current and voltage phasor are used to calculate the apparent impedance during the fault The load impedance apparent impedance and line parameters are used to estimate the fault resistance and distance to fault 4 5 4 4 Operation principle The Operation setting is used to enable or disable the function When selected On the functi...

Страница 260: ...The fault loop determination algorithm determines whether the fault is a phase to ground fault or phase to phase fault by comparing the phase currents with zero sequence current This module determines the fault loop from pre fault and fault phasor stored in the respective buffers The fault typing is the procedure to identify the type of fault and therefore the respective voltage and current phasor...

Страница 261: ...formula Equation 37 where Equation 38 k 1 0 scaling factor ZLpos and ZLzero refer to positive and zero sequence line impedances ZLpos RLpos j XLpos ZLzero RLzero j XLzero RLpos PosSeqR LinLen XLpos PosSeqX LinLen RLzero ZeroSeqR LinLen XLzero ZeroSeqX LinLen Ground compensated phase current Non compensated phase current Fault in phase A Fault in phase B Fault in phase C Fault in ground Io FLTLOOP ...

Страница 262: ...dicates the respective current is ground compensated Fault location This module calculates the distance to fault and fault resistance from the voltage phasor and current phasor selected based on type of the fault see Table 268 The algorithm uses the fundamental frequency phasor voltages and currents measured at the relay terminal before and during the fault The algorithm basically is an iterative ...

Страница 263: ...ults cause minor damage that is not easily visible on inspection Fault locators help identify those locations for early repairs to prevent recurrence and consequent major damage The fault location algorithm is most applicable for radial feeder The algorithm is based on the system model shown in Figure 125 The algorithm was designed to be used on a homogeneous radial distribution line Therefore the...

Страница 264: ...Ohm Mile or Km 1 000 Positive sequence resistance of line in primary Ohm Mile or Km X1 0 000 30 000 Ohm Mile or Km 2 000 Positive sequence reactance of line in primary Ohm Mile or Km R0 0 000 20 000 Ohm Mile or Km 0 010 Zero sequence resistance of line in primary Ohm Mile or Km X0 0 000 30 000 Ohm Mile or Km 1 000 Zero sequence reactance of line in primary Ohm Mile or Km Phase Level 0 00 40 00 In ...

Страница 265: ...ction 32P function is used to detect positive sequence power direction The output of the function is used for blocking or releasing other functions in protection scheme This function contains a blocking functionality which blocks function output and resets the timer 4 5 5 4 Operation principle The Operation setting is used to enable or disable the function When selected On the function is enabled ...

Страница 266: ...he angular difference is within the operating sector selected by the Directional mode setting then enable signal is sent to the Timer The operating sector is defined by the setting Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle and Max reverse angle see Figure 128 The user selectable options for Directional mode settings are Forward and Reverse The sector limits are always given as positive...

Страница 267: ...on happens that is if operating current moves outside operating sector or signal amplitudes becomes below the minimum level before Release delay time is exceeded the timer reset state is activated If drop off continues for more than Reset delay time the Timer is deactivated Blocking logic The binary input BLOCK can be used to block the function The activation of the BLOCK input deactivates RELEASE...

Страница 268: ...n RELEASE BOOL Release signal if directional criteria is satisfied Name Values Range Unit Step Default Description Directional mode 1 Non directional 2 Forward 3 Reverse 2 Forward Power direction forward or reverse direction Max forward angle 0 90 Deg 1 88 Maximum phase angle in forward direction Max reverse angle 0 90 Deg 1 88 Maximum phase angle in reverse direction Min forward angle 0 90 Deg 1 ...

Страница 269: ...ity is in predefined direction forward or reverse direction The release signal is given with a definite time delay 4 5 6 1 Identification Name Type Values Range Unit Description DIRECTION ENUM 0 unknown 1 forward 2 backward Direction information ANGLE_RCA REAL Angle between operating angle and characteristic angle Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency measured fn 2Hz 1...

Страница 270: ...on 32N gives release signal after a definite time delay In residual voltage selection if the angle difference between residual voltage and residual current is in predefined direction either in forward or reverse direction 32N gives release signal after a definite time delay This function contains a blocking functionality which blocks the function output and resets the timer 4 5 6 4 Operation princ...

Страница 271: ...angle difference is within the operating sector selected by Direction mode setting then enable signal is sent to the Timer The operating sector is defined by the settings Max forward angle Max reverse angle Min forward angle and Min reverse angle see Figure 131 User selectable options for Directional mode are Forward and Reverse The value of Characteristic angle should be chosen in such way that a...

Страница 272: ...d angle and Min reverse angle see Figure 131 User selectable options for Directional mode are Forward and Reverse The Characteristic angle is also known as Relay Characteristic Angle RCA Relay Base Angle or Maximum Torque Line The Measured IG or Calculated IN residual current can be selected using Io signal Sel setting The Measured VG Calculated VN residual voltage can be selected using Pol signal...

Страница 273: ...ystems In general Characteristic angle is selected so that it matches close to the expected fault angle value which results into maximum sensitivity The Characteristic angle can be set anywhere between 179 to 180 Figure 133 and Figure 134 show examples of the operating area with RCA set to 60 and 90 respectively The directional characteristic for measured or calculated residual power is same VG po...

Страница 274: ...quantity VG or VN respectively VG polarizing quantity IG operating quantity RCA 60 deg Min forward angle Max forward angle Min reverse angle Max reverse angle Backward area Forward area N o n o p e r a t i n g a r e a Min operate voltage Min operate current N o n o p e r a t i n g a r e a N o n o p e r a t i n g a r e a Characteristic Angle Max torque line Zero torque line VG polarizing quantity I...

Страница 275: ...ld be greater than minimum level If they are not greater than minimum level Timer is blocked In Neg seq volt polarization selection using Pol signal Sel if the amplitude of the negative sequence current is greater than Min operate current value and negative sequence voltage amplitude is greater than Min operate voltage value then enable signal is sent to the Timer In Measured VG or Calculated VN p...

Страница 276: ...rent RCA_CTL BOOL FALSE Relay characteristic angle control BLOCK BOOL FALSE Block signal for all binary outputs Name Type Default Description IG_AMPL REAL 0 0 Measured residual current or Ground current amplitude IG_ANGL REAL 0 0 Measured residual current or Ground current phase angle IN_AMPL REAL 0 0 Calculated residual current or Neutral current amplitude IN_ANGL REAL 0 0 Calculated residual cur...

Страница 277: ...angle Release delay time 0 1000 1 ms 10 Release delay time Name Values Range Step Unit Default Description Operation 0 Off 1 On 1 ON Operation Off On Reset delay time 0 60000 1 ms 20 Reset delay time Pol reversal 0 False 1 True 1 True Rotate polarizing quantity Min operate voltage 0 01 1 00 0 01 pu 0 3 Minimum operating current Min operate current 0 01 1 00 0 01 pu 0 1 Minimum operating voltage Io...

Страница 278: ...Section 4 1MAC309294 MB F Protection functions 272 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 279: ...ENAD_PH_B CLOSE_ENAD_PH_C SELECTED SCBXCBR 52 ENA_OPEN_PH_A ENA_OPEN_PH_A ENA_OPEN_PH_B ENA_OPEN_PH_B ENA_OPEN_PH_C ENA_OPEN_PH_C ENA_CLOSE_PH_A ENA_CLOSE_PH_A ENA_CLOSE_PH_B ENA_CLOSE_PH_B ENA_CLOSE_PH_C ENA_CLOSE_PH_C BLK_OPEN_PH_C BLK_OPEN_PH_C ITL_BYPASS_PH_A ITL_BYPASS_PH_A BLK_OPEN_PH_A BLK_OPEN_PH_A BLK_OPEN_PH_B BLK_OPEN_PH_B BLK_CLOSE_PH_A BLK_CLOSE_PH_A BLK_CLOSE_PH_B BLK_CLOSE_PH_B BLK_...

Страница 280: ...and event logging The reporting of faulty or intermediate position circuit breaker contacts occurs after the Event delay setting assuming that the circuit breaker is still in a corresponding state Table 288 Status indication Blocking 52 has a blocking functionality to prevent human errors that can cause serious injuries for the operator and damages for the system components The basic principle for...

Страница 281: ... and closing commands When the circuit breaker already is in the right position the maximum pulse length is given Note that the Pulse length setting does not affect the length of the trip pulse Control methods The command execution mode can be set with the Control model setting The alternatives for command execution are direct control and secured object control which can be used to secure controll...

Страница 282: ...lly in modern remotely controlled substations Control and status indication facilities are implemented in the same package with 52 When primary components are controlled in the energizing phase for example the user must ensure that the control commands are executed in a correct sequence This can be achieved for example with interlocking based on the status indication of the related primary compone...

Страница 283: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 5 Control functions RER620 277 Technical Manual Figure 137 Status indication based interlocking via GOOSE messaging ...

Страница 284: ...g phase A BLK_CLOSE_PH_B BOOLEAN 0 False Blocks closing phase B BLK_CLOSE_PH_C BOOLEAN 0 False Blocks closing phase C ITL_BYPASS_PH_A BOOLEAN 0 False Discards ENA_OPEN and ENA_CLOSE of phase A interlocking when TRUE ITL_BYPASS_PH_B BOOLEAN 0 False Discards ENA_OPEN and ENA_CLOSE of phase B interlocking when TRUE ITL_BYPASS_PH_C BOOLEAN 0 False Discards ENA_OPEN and ENA_CLOSE of phase AC interlocki...

Страница 285: ...direction EXE_CL_B BOOLEAN Executes the command for phase B close direction EXE_CL_C BOOLEAN Executes the command for phase C close direction OPENPOS_A BOOLEAN Apparatus phase A open position OPENPOS_B BOOLEAN Apparatus phase B open position OPENPOS_C BOOLEAN Apparatus phase C open position CLOSEPOS_A BOOLEAN Apparatus phase A close position CLOSEPOS_B BOOLEAN Apparatus phase B close position CLOS...

Страница 286: ...hanced security 4 sbo with enhanced security Select control model Adaptive pulse 0 False 1 True 1 True Stop in right position Event delay 0 10000 ms 1 100 Event delay of the intermediate position Operation timeout 10 60000 ms 500 Timeout for negative termination Operation counter A 0 10000 0 Breaker phase A operation cycles Operation counter B 0 10000 0 Breaker phase B operation cycles Operation c...

Страница 287: ...closer function which determines whether when to reclose lockout etc The third part of the function consist of SDAOGGIO block distributes the autorecloser outputs to the phases currently active as determined by the first part of the function The connections between these functions shown as passive lines are internal and not visible in the application configuration Inputs to the function consist of...

Страница 288: ...ality are updated only in this function block This is the reason the overall Autorecloser AR functionality is called with the same name 5 2 1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 logical node name IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Auto recloser SDARREC O I 79 ...

Страница 289: ...ions The de energization of the fault location 79 INIT_1 INIT_2 INIT_3 INIT_4 INIT_5 INIT_6 DEL_INIT_2 DEL_INIT_3 DEL_INIT_4 BLK_RECL_T BLK_RCLM_T BLK_THERM CB_POS CB_READY INC_SHOTP INHIBIT_RECL RECL_ON SYNC OPEN_CB CLOSE_CB CMD_WAIT PROT_CRD PROT_DISA INPRO LOCKED UNSUC_RECL AR_ON SDARREC SDAIGGIO 1 6 Active_A Active_B Active_C Active_3P TripOut TripIn_A TripIn_B TripIn_C TripIn_3P TripIn_N Pick...

Страница 290: ... The autorecloser function used by the SDARREC receives equivalent TRIP PoleStatus etc signals that are formed by integrating individual phase signals from the active phases It performs its logic and generates equivalent OPEN RECLOSE LOCKOUT etc signals Subsequent logic then routes these signals to the appropriate active phase outputs 5 2 3 1 Single phase tripping The single phase tripping functio...

Страница 291: ...the AR function goes to lockout long trip The UNSUC_RECL output is activated after a pre defined two minutes alarming ground fault It is emphasized that the three phases of the same protection function should be fed to the same INIT input to the autorecloser 5 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are On and O...

Страница 292: ...n_N Active_3P TripIn_A TripOut SDAIGGIO6 Active_A TripIn_B TripIn_C PickupIn_A PickupIn_B PickupIn_C TripIn_3P Active_B Active_C TripIn_N Active_3P Settings timeUnsuccessfulCB from DARREC Three phase lockout override Disabled or Enabled Order Code RecloserType 1P or 3P CbPos_b CbPos_a Active_PhC Active_PhB Active_PhA Reclose_in CbPos_c SDAOGGIO Open_in Lockout_in OpenCb_A CloseCb_A Locked_A Ar_CbP...

Страница 293: ...ws one SDAIGGIO block for autorecloser function input There are six such blocks altogether They are not independent function blocks and they are instantiated as part of overall autoreclosing functionality The Autoreclosing function allows a picked up unfaulted phase to trip along with the faulted phase The picked up phase is tripped as it is presumed to be a part of the same multi phase fault thou...

Страница 294: ...ada operation If the decision in the first step will leave exactly one phase in a CLOSED state then that phase is also issued a trip command As an example consider the following sequence A phase sees a fault B and C were not picked up Only the A phase is tripped and locks out after the reclose cycle CSWI Protection Trip Pickup CbPos_a CbPos b CbPos_c TripIn_A TripOut SDAIGGIO1 Active_A TripIn_B Tr...

Страница 295: ...ch will operate independent of the others The OR logic function combines the Active Phase outputs from the six SDAIGGIO blocks and generates one set of combined Active Phase outputs for use by the output SDAOGGIO function Its functional block is as shown in Figure 144 above This entire OR logic along with output channels of SDAGGIO blocks connected to SDARREC function block through fixed internal ...

Страница 296: ... executed with the INIT_1 6 inputs INIT_1 INIT_2 INIT_3 INIT_4 INIT_5 INIT_6 CB_POS CB_READY SYNC INHIBIT_RECL Signal collection and delay logic Shot initiation Shot pointer controller Circuit breaker controller Reclose controller Sequence controller OPEN_CB CLOSE_CB LOCKED UNSUC_RECL INPRO setLockout setLockout INPRO Initiation signal SHOT_PTR Protection coordination controller setLockout LOCKED ...

Страница 297: ... input signals INIT_X are used for blocking the corresponding bit in the Tripping line setting must be FALSE This is to ensure that the circuit breaker does not trip from that signal that is the signal does not activate the OPEN_CB output The default value for the INPUT to CBB s Initiation signal bit 1 INIT_1 Initiation signal Tripping line AND bitwise OPEN_CB 0 Initiation signal bit 2 INIT_2 Init...

Страница 298: ...signals rows in the matrix and the reclose time of the shot The settings related to CBB configuration are First Seventh reclose time Init signals CBB1 CBB7 Blk signals CBB1 CBB7 Shot number CBB1 CBB7 The reclose time defines the open and dead times that is the time between the OPEN_CB and the CLOSE_CB commands The Init signals CBBx setting defines the initiation signals The Blk signals CBBx settin...

Страница 299: ...a situation where the initiation is made from both the INIT_3 and INIT_4 lines a third shot is allowed that is CBB3 is allowed to start This is called conditional lockout If the initiation is made from the INIT_2 and INIT_3 lines an immediate lockout occurs The INIT_5 line is used for blocking purposes If the INIT_5 line is active during a sequence start the reclose attempt is blocked and the AR f...

Страница 300: ...ization fails the automatic initiation is carried out when the auto wait time elapses and the reclosing is prevented due to a failure during the synchronism check When the circuit breaker does not close the automatic initiation is carried out if the circuit breaker does not close within the wait close time after issuing the reclose command Start timeAutoWait No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No R...

Страница 301: ...ed The third shot is started and a new close command is given after the third reclose time has elapsed The circuit breaker closes normally and the reclaim time starts When the reclaim time has elapsed the sequence is concluded successful Shot initiation and shot sequencing Possibilities The autoreclose function is initiated after the protection has detected a fault issued a trip and opened the bre...

Страница 302: ... status of the initiation lines is compared to the CBB settings In order to allow the initiation at any of the initiation line activation the corresponding switch in the Init signals CBB_ parameter must be set to TRUE In order to block the initiation the corresponding switch in the Blk signals CBB_ parameter must be set to TRUE If any of the initiation lines set with the Init signals CBB_ paramete...

Страница 303: ... is going to be the first second third fourth or fifth shot During the initiation of a CBB the conditions of initiation and blocking are checked This is done for all CBBs simultaneously Each CBB that fulfils the initiation conditions requests an execution The function also keeps track of shots already performed That is at which point the autoreclose sequence is from shot 1 to lockout For example i...

Страница 304: ...ning a total of five shots Figure 154 Shot pointer function Every time the shot pointer increases the reclaim time starts When the reclaim time ends the shot pointer sets to its initial value unless no new shot is initiated The shot pointer increases when the reclose time elapses or at the falling edge of the INC_SHOTP signal When SHOT_PTR has the value six the AR function is in a so called pre lo...

Страница 305: ...E If at least one of the conditions is not fulfilled within the time set with the Auto wait time parameter the autoreclose sequence is locked The synchronism requirement for the CBBs can be defined with the Synchronization set setting which is a bit mask The lowest bit in the Synchronization set setting is related to CBB1 and the highest bit to CBB7 For example if the setting is set to 1 only CBB1...

Страница 306: ...n is made final trip The time set with the Auto wait time parameter expires and the automatic sequence initiation is not allowed because of a synchronization failure The time set with the Wait close time parameter expires that is the circuit breaker does not close or the automatic sequence initiation is not allowed due to a closing failure of the circuit breaker A new shot is initiated during the ...

Страница 307: ...setting and all initialization signals have been reset The PROT_CRD output is reset under the following conditions If the cut out time elapses If the reclaim time elapses and the AR function is ready for a new sequence If the AR function is in lockout or disabled that is if the value of the Protection crd mode setting is AR inoperative or AR inop CB man The PROT_CRD output can also be controlled w...

Страница 308: ... power supply However when the power line is manually energized and an immediate protection trip is detected it is very likely that the fault is of a permanent type An example of a permanent fault is for example energizing a power line into a forgotten grounding after a maintenance work along the power line In such cases SOTF is activated but only for the reclaim time after energizing the power li...

Страница 309: ...me setting If the set value is reached within a pre defined period defined with the Frq Op counter time setting the AR function goes to lockout when a new shot begins provided that the counter is still above the set limit The lockout is released after the recovery time has elapsed The recovery time can be defined with the Frq Op recovery time setting If the circuit breaker is manually closed durin...

Страница 310: ...y compared to the other s In such cases the SDAOGGIO will wait for all the active poles to complete their transition before generating a valid status to be used by the AutoRecloser function 5 2 5 Zone sequence coordination Zone sequence coordination is used in the zone sequence between local protection units and downstream devices At the falling edge of the INC_SHOTP line the value of the shot poi...

Страница 311: ...imits the disturbances caused for the healthy parts of the power system The faults can be transient semi transient or permanent For example a permanent fault in power cables means that there is a physical damage in the fault location that must first be located and repaired before the network voltage can be restored In overhead lines the insulating material between phase conductors is air The major...

Страница 312: ...al operation The RER620 with single phase tripping can operate the recloser for the same single phase fault on A phase as a single pole trip reclose and lockout This provides a significant advantage to 67 of the customers downstream of the fault since their power is not interrupted The operation of single phase operation will trip for two instantaneous operations two time delayed operation and loc...

Страница 313: ...hase tripping the phase fault current must be greater than the phase element pickup for the single phase trip to occur If the fault current is above the neutral setting but below the phase setting a three phase trip will occur In the case where both the phase and ground element pick up all phases must be closed for neutral pickup the trip time for the involved phases will be based on the faster of...

Страница 314: ...otors from single phasing A three phase motor may continue to run with the loss of a single phase but it will overheat In addition a stopped three phase motor that is attempting to start with the loss of a single phase will cause overheating in the motor For this application a distribution line with three phase motors should implement OOAP on single phase faults Some common examples The recloser i...

Страница 315: ... OOAP mode logic Summary of Single Phase Tripping The following diagrams illustrates overall logical diagram the state of different poles for different faults based on the settings in use OPUP OOAP OOAP OOAP OOAP A Phase B Phase C Phase Allow Single Phase Trip Allow Three Phase Trip ...

Страница 316: ...iming C phase already open A phase trips B phase not picked up C phase not picked up A phase trips B phase not picked up C phase already open Phase A Phase B Phase C Phases Open After Trip Trip Instant CB_TRIP CB_CLOSE 50P 1 TRIP PICKUP ENA_MULT BLOCK I_C I_B I_A ENA_MULT BLOCK I_C I_B I_A TRIP PICKUP 51P 1 51N G ENA_MULT BLOCK I_N OR I_G TRIP PICKUP Circuit breaker position information from binar...

Страница 317: ...ime tProtection Operating time for the protection stage to clear the fault tCB_O Operating time for opening the circuit breaker tCB_C Operating time for closing the circuit breaker In this case the sequence needs two CBBs The reclosing times for shot 1 and shot 2 are different but each protection function initiates the same sequence The CBB sequence is as follows Figure 163 Two shots with three in...

Страница 318: ...third shot which is the second shot in the autoreclose sequence initiated by 51P or 51N G is set as a delayed autoreclosing and executed after an unsuccessful high speed autoreclosing of a corresponding sequence Figure 164 Autoreclose sequence with two shots with different shot settings according to initiation signal tHSAR Time delay of high speed autoreclosing here First reclose time tDAR Time de...

Страница 319: ...ong On the other hand if the sequence is initiated from the INIT_2 or INIT_3 lines the sequence is two shots long Table 296 Settings for configuration example 2 Setting name Setting value Shot number CBB1 1 Init signals CBB1 1 line 1 First reclose time 1 0s an example Shot number CBB2 1 Init signals CBB2 6 lines 2 and 3 2 4 6 Second reclose time 0 2s an example Shot number CBB3 2 Init signals CBB3...

Страница 320: ...ation trip signal input 3 phase A TRIP_3B Binary 0 False AR initialization trip signal input 3 phase B TRIP_3C Binary 0 False AR initialization trip signal input 3 phase C TRIP_3_3P Binary 0 False AR initialization trip signal input 3 three phase TRIP_3N Binary 0 False AR initialization trip signal input 3 neutral PICKUP_3A Binary 0 False AR start pickup signal input 3 phase A PICKUP_3B Binary 0 F...

Страница 321: ... False AR start pickup signal input 6 phase B PICKUP_6C Binary 0 False AR start pickup signal input 6 phase C CB_POS_A Binary 0 False Circuit breaker position signal phase A CB_POS_B Binary 0 False Circuit breaker position signal phase B CB_POS_C Binary 0 False Circuit breaker position signal phase C CB_POS_3P Binary 0 False Circuit breaker position signal three phase BLK_RECL_T Binary 0 False Blo...

Страница 322: ... Locked out phase B OPEN_CB_C Binary Open command to Circuit Breaker phase C CLOSE_CB_C Binary Re close command to Circuit Breaker phase C LOCKED_C Binary Locked out phase C OPEN_CB_3P Binary Open command to Circuit Breaker three phase CLOSE_CB_3P Binary Re close command to Circuit Breaker three phase LOCKED_3P Binary Locked out three phase CMD_WAIT Binary Wait for master command INPRO Binary Recl...

Страница 323: ...eclose time for CBB1 Second reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 0 5 Reclose time for CBB2 Third reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 1 5 Reclose time for CBB3 Fourth reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 4 5 Reclose time for CBB4 Fifth reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 5 0 Reclose time for CBB5 Sixth reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 5 0 Reclose time for CBB6 Seventh reclose time 0 0 300 0 s 0 1 5 0 Reclose time for CBB7 Manual cl...

Страница 324: ...ll DEL_INIT signals during SOTF Init signals CBB1 0 63 3 Sets INIT inputs which initiate CBB1 Init signals CBB2 0 63 3 Sets INIT inputs which initiate CBB2 Init signals CBB3 0 63 3 Sets INIT inputs which initiate CBB3 Init signals CBB4 0 63 3 Sets INIT inputs which initiate CBB4 Init signals CBB5 0 63 0 Sets INIT inputs which initiate CBB5 Init signals CBB6 0 63 0 Sets INIT inputs which initiate C...

Страница 325: ...Op counter limit 0 250 0 Frequent operation counter lockout limit Frq Op time 1 250 min 1 Frequent operation counter time Frq Op recovery time 1 250 min 1 Frequent operation counter recovery time Auto init 0 63 0 Defines INIT lines that are activated at auto initiation Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description ...

Страница 326: ...e 1 True Protection trip active for input 2 ACTIVE_3A Binary 0 False 1 True Phase A protection active for input 3 ACTIVE_3B Binary 0 False 1 True Phase B protection active for input 3 ACTIVE_3C Binary 0 False 1 True Phase C protection active for input 3 ACTIVE_3_3P Binary 0 False 1 True Three phase protection active for input 3 TRIPOUT_3 Binary 0 False 1 True Protection trip active for input 3 ACT...

Страница 327: ...ption ACTIVE_PH_A Binary 0 False 1 True Phase A protection is active for trip ACTIVE_PH_B Binary 0 False 1 True Phase B protection is active for trip ACTIVE_PH_C Binary 0 False 1 True Phase C protection is active for trip ACTIVE_PH_3P Binary 0 False 1 True Three phase protection is active for trip RECLOSE_IN Binary 0 False 1 True Reclose command active OPEN_IN Binary 0 False 1 True Open command ac...

Страница 328: ...RO Binary 0 False 1 True Discrimination time in progress CUTOUT_INPRO Binary 0 False 1 True Cut out time in progress SUC_RECL Binary 0 False 1 True Reclosing sequence successful UNSUC_CB Binary 0 False 1 True Circuit breaker closing unsuccessful CNT_SHOT1 INT32 0 2147483647 Resetable operation counter shot 1 CNT_SHOT2 INT32 0 2147483647 Resetable operation counter shot 2 CNT_SHOT3 INT32 0 21474836...

Страница 329: ...olled closing of circuit breakers when two asynchronous systems are connected The synch check operation mode checks that the voltages on both sides of the circuit breaker are perfectly synchronized It is used to perform a controlled reconnection of two systems which are divided after islanding and it is also used to perform a controlled reconnection of the system after reclosing The energizing che...

Страница 330: ... angle change occurring during the closing delay of the circuit breaker from the measured slip frequency The output is given only when all the measured conditions are within their set limits simultaneously The issue of the output is timed to give closure at the optimal delay of the circuit breaker and the closing circuit 5 3 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the O...

Страница 331: ...energized state is available as monitored data value ENERG_STATE and as four function outputs LLDB live line dead bus LLLB live line live bus DLLB dead line live bus and DLDB dead line dead bus of which only one can be active at a time It is also possible that the measured energized state indicates Unknown if at least one of the measured voltages is between the limits set with the dead and live se...

Страница 332: ...lled The measured difference of the voltages is less than the set value of Difference voltage The measured difference of the phase angles is less than the set value of Difference angle The measured difference in frequency is less than the set value of Frequency difference The estimated breaker closing angle is decided to be less than the set value of Difference angle Figure 168 Conditions to be fu...

Страница 333: ...t typical of which is where both sides of the circuit breaker to be closed are live The synchronism is always checked before the circuit breaker is given the permission to close The other situation is where one or both sides of the circuit breaker to be closed are dead and consequently the frequency and phase difference cannot be measured In this case the function checks the energizing direction T...

Страница 334: ...des the normal closing conditions is needed for delivering the closing signal In the command control mode operation the synch check function itself closes the breaker via the SYNC_OK output when the conditions are fulfilled In this case the control function block delivers the command signal to close the synch check function for the releasing of a closing signal pulse to the circuit breaker If the ...

Страница 335: ...gnal is removed too early that is before conditions are fulfilled and close pulse is given the alarm timer is reset Figure 172 Determination of the checking time for closing The control module receives information about the circuit breaker status and thus is able to adjust the command signal to be delivered to the synch check function If the external command signal CL_COMMAND is kept active longer...

Страница 336: ...me has elapsed The closing pulse is delivered only once for each activated external command signal and new closing command sequence cannot be started until the external command signal is reset and then activated again The SYNC_INPRO output is active when the closing command sequence is in progress and it is reset when the CL_COMMAND input is reset or Maximum Syn time has elapsed Bypass mode SECRSY...

Страница 337: ...r lags by 330 degrees the high voltage side phasor The rotation of the phasors is counterclockwise The generic rule is that a low voltage side phasor lags the high voltage side phasor by clock number 30º This is called angle difference adjustment and can be set for the function with the Phase shift setting 5 3 5 Application The main purpose of the synch check function is to provide control over th...

Страница 338: ... V_LINE Live bus value the synch check function controlling the circuit breaker B performs a synch check and if the network and the generator are in synchronism closes the circuit breaker Figure 175 Synch check function SECRSYN checking energizing conditions and synchronism Connections A special attention is paid to the connection of the relay Further it is checked that the primary side wiring is ...

Страница 339: ...rcuit breaker closing between a busbar and a line The phase to phase voltages are measured from the busbar and also one phase to phase voltage from the line is measured Figure 176 Connection of voltages for the relay and signals used in synch check 5 3 6 Signals Table 305 25 input signals Name Type Default Description V_BUS SIGNAL 0 Busbar voltage V_LINE SIGNAL 0 Line voltage CL_COMMAND BOOLEAN 0 ...

Страница 340: ...e Line Dead Bus LLLB BOOLEAN Live Line Live Bus DLLB BOOLEAN Dead Line Live Bus DLDB BOOLEAN Dead Line Dead Bus Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Live dead mode 1 Off 1 Both Dead 2 Live L Dead B 3 Dead L Live B 4 Dead Bus L Any 5 Dead L Bus Any 6 One Live Dead 7 Not Both Live 1 Both Dead Energizing check mode Difference voltage 0 01 0 50 xVn 0 01 0 05 Maximum voltage difference ...

Страница 341: ...nergizing Phase shift 180 180 deg 1 180 Correction of phase difference between measured V_BUS and V_LINE Minimum Syn time 0 60000 ms 10 0 Minimum time to accept synchronizing Maximum Syn time 100 6000000 ms 10 2000 Maximum time to accept synchronizing Energizing time 100 60000 ms 10 100 Time delay for energizing check Closing time of CB 40 250 ms 10 60 Closing time of the breaker Name Type Values ...

Страница 342: ...gn They are sectionalizer recloser mid point recloser and tie point recloser The functionality of loop control function in different modes is clearly explained in the next sections of the document Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the voltage measured fn 1 Hz Voltage 3 0 of the set value or 0 01 x Vn Frequency 10 mHz Phase angle 3 Reset time 50 ms Reset ratio Ty...

Страница 343: ... five recloser systems are basic arrangements the four recloser topology is a hybrid of the three and five recloser topology The distribution one line diagram in Figure 178 represents a typical full implementation of a loop system Figure 178 5 Recloser loop control system A typical full implementation of a loop system consists of 3 type of reclosers Sectionalizing reclosers Midpoint reclosers TieP...

Страница 344: ...ime the control will stay in New Settings Group until the loop scheme is reset 5 4 3 3 Tiepoint Recloser The Tiepoint recloser unlike the Sectionalizing and Midpoint recloser is normally open It closes in response to a loss of all phase voltages from one source if the other source phase voltages are live Once closed the Tiepoint breaker will trip automatically if a downstream overcurrent condition...

Страница 345: ...ons The selection of these substations it is recommended that the following be considered Both sources supply power of the same phase rotation The voltage level of each source are similar The capacity of the each source feeder transformers protective devices regulators wire etc are capable of picking up load of the feeder to be added by a loop operation normally to the Sectionalizing recloser on t...

Страница 346: ...elect the respective source as line side source If the power is flowing from S1 to S2 then the Line side src is selected as S1 and vice versa This is explained pictorially in Figure 181 Figure 181 Explanation of line side source Once the line side source is selected the phases of the respective source is identified by giving the number of voltage transformers connected to the respective source In ...

Страница 347: ...oser should always have 3 voltage transformers connected to each source In case of disabled mode no phase is considered Table 311 Selection of phases in Sectionalizing recloser mode The outputs S1_DISABLED and S2_DISABLED indicate whether the respective source is enabled or disabled The output will be TRUE if respective source is disabled The condition for any source to be enabled in sectionalizer...

Страница 348: ...ther live bus or neither live nor dead based on the voltage level The phase is declared as neither live nor dead if the phase voltage is above the Dead bus threshold and below the Live bus threshold In sectionalizing mode if Vt config line is 3 and the setting Sect3POpMode is selected as Any phase then any of the 3 phases should be declared as dead to activate the LCM_TRIP If Sect3POpMode is selec...

Страница 349: ...alizing mode If sectionalizing reset is TRUE then if the loop control is in non reset mode and if the bus voltage is above live bus threshold for live bus time then the loop control will go into reset mode automatically This feature is only applicable in sectionalizing recloser mode 5 4 5 Application The loop control scheme is implemented to improve the circuit reliability and to provide more effe...

Страница 350: ...igure 182 3 Recloser Loop Control 3 Recloser Fault 1 Scenario In a 3 recloser loop control scheme Figure 182 if there is a permanent fault between the S1 circuit breaker and the sectionalizing recloser B at F1 the S1 circuit breaker will recognize the fault and go through its reclosing shots to lockout for illustration purposes we will assume 3 operations to lockout for all devices Recloser B will...

Страница 351: ...tion of the distribution feeder circuit between S1 to recloser B remains in service as does S2 to recloser T Figure 184 and Figure 314 summarize the sequence of events Time Event or Conditon t0 Permanent line fault F1 occurs between source and Sectionalizing recloser Source circuit breaker trips and locks out causing loss of voltage at the Sectionalizing and TiePoint reclosers t1 Sectionalizing re...

Страница 352: ...ng and TiePoint reclosers in that it does not initiate breaker operations trip or close based on phase voltages Instead it alters the RER620 s response to overcurrent conditions Upon a loss of voltage below dead bus threshold voltage level and after the programmed Dead bus time the Midpoint RER620 will activate have two additional outputs which include Switch on to fault SWOTF SET_GROUP_CHANGE If ...

Страница 353: ...ads and protective settings may vary depending on which source is supplying the power The user can optionally program both the Midpoint and TiePoint reclosers to switch to another group settings when initiating loop control sequences Because of the additional reclosers in a five recloser system there are three potential fault locations on each side of the TiePoint Between source and Sectionalizing...

Страница 354: ...ibution feeder circuit between recloser B and recloser T is picked back up Figure 186 and Table 315 summarize the events Figure 186 5 Recloser Fault 1 scenario Sequence of Events Table 315 5 Recloser Fault 1 scenario Sequence of Events 5 Recloser Fault 2 Scenario In a 5 recloser loop control scheme Figure 182 if there is a permanent fault between the sectionalizing recloser B and the midpoint recl...

Страница 355: ...187 and Table 316 summarize the events Figure 187 5 Reclosre Fault 2 scenario Sequence of Events Table 316 5 Reclosre Fault 2 scenario Sequence of Events 5 Recloser Fault 3 Scenario If a permanent fault occurred at location F3 Figure 186 the following sequence occurs recloser C proceeds through its reclosing sequence of overcurrent protection assume 3 operations to lockout Upon tripping of reclose...

Страница 356: ...int configuration and operation is similar in all three topologies 5 4 5 4 Restoring Normal Operation The Reset Logic section covered previously explains on the steps involved in resetting the LCM function and activated again safely when reclosers working in different modes All the restoration steps should be performed before in full compliance with all applicable safety procedures before resettin...

Страница 357: ...oolean FALSE Block input Name Type Description LCM_TRIP Boolean Trip output valid only in Sectionalize t mode LCM_CLOSE Boolean Trip output valid only in Tie point mode SET_GROUP_CHANGE Boolean Output used to activate Alternate settings in mid point and tie point modes SWOTF Boolean Binary output to operate the recloser in lock out or non reclose mode S1_STATUS Boolean source1 status S2_STATUS Boo...

Страница 358: ...mer will reset Line side src 1 S1 2 S2 1 S1 Line side source Vt config line 1 3 3 Number of Voltage channels on line side Vt config load 1 3 3 Number of Voltage channels on load side Vt line enable 1 TRUE 0 FALSE 0 FALSE To include the voltages on line side for making decisions Vt load enable 1 TRUE 0 FALSE 0 FALSE To include the voltages on load side for making decisions Vt line phase 0 PhA 1 PhB...

Страница 359: ...on provides up count and down count status outputs which specify the relation of the counter value to a loaded preset value and to zero respectively 5 5 4 Operation principle The Operation setting is used to enable or disable the function When selected On the function is enabled and respectively Off means the function is disabled The operation of UDFCNT can be described by using a module diagram s...

Страница 360: ...L saturates at the final value of 2147483647 that is no further increment is possible The value of the setting Counter load value is loaded into counter value CNT_VAL either when the LOAD input is set to TRUE or when the Load Counter is set to Load in the LHMI Till the LOAD input is TRUE it prevents all further counting The function also provides status outputs UPCNT_STS and DNCNT_STS The UPCNT_ST...

Страница 361: ...n UPCNT_STS BOOL Status of the up counting DNCNT_STS BOOL Status of the down counting Name Type Default Description UP_CNT BOOL FALSE Input for up counting DOWN_CNT BOOL FALSE Input for down counting LOAD BOOL FALSE Load the counter to preset value RESET BOOL FALSE Reset of the function Name Type Description UPCNT_STS BOOL Status of the up counting DNCNT_STS BOOL Status of the down counting CNT_VA...

Страница 362: ...Section 5 1MAC309294 MB F Control functions 356 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 363: ...on cycles and accumulated energy The energy is calculated from the measured input currents as a sum of Iyt values Alarms are generated when the calculated values exceed the threshold settings The function contains a blocking functionality It is possible to block the function outputs if desired Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Circ...

Страница 364: ...rent metering and monitoring subfunctions The functions can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable and Disable The operation counters are cleared when Operation is set to Disable The operation of the functions can be described by using a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections ...

Страница 365: ...A _B _C OPR_ALM OPR_LO IPOW_ALM IPOW_LO MON_ALM PRES_LO PRES_ALM SPR_CHR_ALM PRES_ALM_IN PRES_LO_IN SPR_CHR_ST SPR_CHR RST_CB_WEAR Operation monitoring CB_LIFE_ALM Operation counter INVALIDPOS_A _B _C TRV_T_OP_ALM TRV_T_CL_ALM Circuit breaker status Breaker contact travel time Accumula ted energy Breaker life time Spring charge indication Gas pressure supervision I_A I_B I_C RST_TRV_T RST_SPR_T ...

Страница 366: ...rrent is zero The circuit breaker is closed when the POSOPEN_A _B _C input is low and the POSCLOSE_A _B _C input is high The breaker is in the intermediate position if both the auxiliary contacts have the same value that is both are in the logical level 0 or if the auxiliary input contact POSCLOSE_A _B _C is low and the POSOPEN_A _B _C input is high but the current is not zero The status of the br...

Страница 367: ... days exceed the limit value defined with the setting the alarm is initiated The time in hours at which this alarm is activated can be set with the parameter as coordinates of UTC The alarm signal can be blocked by activating the binary input BLOCK 6 1 4 3 Breaker contact travel time The breaker contact travel time module calculates the breaker contact travel time for the closing and opening opera...

Страница 368: ...avel time calculation There is a time difference t1 between the start of the main contact opening and the opening of the POSCLOSE_A _B _C auxiliary contact Similarly there is a time gap t2 between the time when the POSOPEN_A _B _C auxiliary contact opens and the main contact is completely open Therefore in order to incorporate the time t1 t2 a correction factor needs to be added with topen to get ...

Страница 369: ...e value set with the Close alarm time setting the the TRV_T_CL_ALM output is activated It is also possible to block the TRV_T_CL_ALM and TRV_T_OP_ALM alarm signals by activating the BLOCK input 6 1 4 4 Operation counter The operation counter subfunction calculates the number of breaker operation cycles Both open and close operations are included in one operation cycle The operation counter value i...

Страница 370: ...t value set with the setting the output is activated The binary outputs and are deactivated when the BLOCK input is activated 6 1 4 5 Accumulation of Iy t Accumulation of the Iy t module calculates the accumulated energy The operation of the module can be described by using a module diagram All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections Figure 198 Functional module diagram for c...

Страница 371: ...ated when the accumulated energy exceeds the value set with the Alm Acc currents Pwr threshold setting However when the energy exceeds the limit value set with the LO Acc currents Pwr threshold setting the IPOW_LO output is activated The IPOW_ALM and IPOW_LO outputs can be blocked by activating the binary input BLOCK 6 1 4 6 Remaining life of the circuit breaker Every time the breaker operates the...

Страница 372: ...ker can perform at the rated current and at the rated fault current respectively The remaining life is calculated separately for all three phases and it is available as a monitored data value CB_LIFE_A _B _C The values can be cleared by setting the parameter CB wear values in the clear menu from WHMI or LHMI Alarm limit check When the remaining life of any phase drops below the Life alarm level th...

Страница 373: ...s calculated from the difference of these two signal timings The spring charging time T_SPR_CHR is available through the Monitored data view on the LHMI or through tools via communications Alarm limit check If the time taken by the spring to charge is more than the value set with the Spring charge time setting the subfunction generates the SPR_CHR_ALM alarm It is possible to block the SPR_CHR_ALM ...

Страница 374: ...status monitors the position of the circuit breaker that is whether the breaker is in an open closed or intermediate position Circuit breaker operation monitoring The purpose of the circuit breaker operation monitoring is to indicate that the circuit breaker has not been operated for a long time The function calculates the number of days the circuit breaker has remained inactive that is has stayed...

Страница 375: ...e detected from the binary input of the auxiliary contact There is a possibility to set an initial value for the counter which can be used to initialize this functionality after a period of operation or in case of refurbished primary equipment Accumulation of Iy t Accumulation of Iyt calculates the accumulated energy ΣIyt where the factor y is known as the current exponent The factor y depends on ...

Страница 376: ...er Calculation of Directional Coefficient The directional coefficient is calculated according to the formula Equation 42 Ir Rated operating current 630 A If Rated fault current 16 kA A Op number rated 30000 B Op number fault 20 Calculation for estimating the remaining life The equation shows that there are 30 000 possible operations at the rated operating current of 630 A and 20 operations at the ...

Страница 377: ...o be estimated by the following formula Remaining life reduction Spring charged indication For normal operation of the circuit breaker the circuit breaker spring should be charged within a specified time Therefore detecting long spring charging time indicates that it is time for the circuit breaker maintenance The last value of the spring charging time can be used as a service value Gas pressure s...

Страница 378: ... for CB remaining life and operation counter RST_TRV_T BOOLEAN 0 False Reset input for CB closing and opening travel times RST_SPR_T BOOLEAN 0 False Reset input for the charging time of the CB spring Name Type Description TRV_T_OP_ALM BOOLEAN CB open travel time exceeded set value TRV_T_CL_ALM BOOLEAN CB close travel time exceeded set value SPR_CHR_ALM BOOLEAN Spring charging time has crossed the ...

Страница 379: ...309294 MB F Section 6 Condition monitoring functions RER620 373 Technical Manual CLOSEPOS_B BOOLEAN CB is in closed position phase B CLOSEPOS_C BOOLEAN CB is in closed position phase C Name Type Description ...

Страница 380: ...000 00 0 01 2500 00 Lockout limit setting for accumulated currents power Ini Acc currents Pwr A 0 00 20000 00 0 01 0 00 Phase A Initial value for accumulation energy Iyt Ini Acc currents Pwr B 0 00 20000 00 0 01 0 00 Phase B Initial value for accumulation energy Iyt Ini Acc currents Pwr C 0 00 20000 00 0 01 0 00 Phase C Initial value for accumulation energy Iyt Directional Coef 3 00 0 50 0 01 1 50...

Страница 381: ...9 Number of CB operation cycle phase A NO_OPR_B INT32 0 99999 Number of CB operation cycle phase B NO_OPR_C INT32 0 99999 Number of CB operation cycle phase C INA_DAYS_ A INT32 0 9999 The number of days CB has been inactive phase A INA_DAYS_ B INT32 0 9999 The number of days CB has been inactive phase B INA_DAYS_ C INT32 0 9999 The number of days CB has been inactive phase C CB_LIFE_A INT32 9999 9...

Страница 382: ...urrent and delta voltage algorithm A criterion based on the delta current and the delta voltage measurements can be activated to detect three phase fuse failures which usually are more associated with the voltage transformer switching during station operations 6 2 4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting The corresponding parameter values are Enable...

Страница 383: ...module Voltage check The phase voltage magnitude is checked when deciding whether the fuse failure is a three two or a single phase fault The module makes a phase specific comparison between each voltage input and the Seal in voltage setting In case the input voltage is lower than the setting the corresponding phase is reported to the decision logic module Current and voltage delta criterion The d...

Страница 384: ...ude of the phase current in the same phase exceeds the Current level setting The first condition requires the delta criterion to be fulfilled in any phase at the same time as the circuit breaker is closed Opening the circuit breaker at one end and energizing the line from the other end onto a fault could lead to an improper operation of SEQRFUF with an open breaker If this is considered to be an i...

Страница 385: ...hase currents are below the Current dead Lin Val setting and the circuit breaker is closed that is CB_CLOSED is TRUE Current and voltage delta function criterion If the current and voltage delta criterion detects a fuse failure condition but all the voltages are not below the Seal in voltage setting only the FUSEF_U output is activated If the fuse failure detection is active for more than five sec...

Страница 386: ...le phase or two phase fuse failures However at least one of the three circuits from the voltage transformers must not be broken The supporting delta based function can also detect a fuse failure due to three phase interruptions In the negative sequence component based part of the function a fuse failure is detected by comparing the calculated value of the negative sequence component voltage to the...

Страница 387: ...LEAN General pickup of function Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 Enable 5 Disable 1 Enable Operation Disable Enable Neg Seq current Lev 0 03 0 20 xIn 0 01 0 03 Operate level of neg seq undercurrent element Neg Seq voltage Lev 0 03 0 20 xVn 0 01 0 10 Operate level of neg seq overvoltage element Current change rate 0 01 0 50 xIn 0 01 0 15 Operate level of change in ph...

Страница 388: ... test 4 test blocked 5 disabled Status Characteristic Value Trip time1 1 Includes the delay of the signal output contact fn 60 Hz fault voltage with nominal frequency injected from random phase angle results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements NPS function VFault 1 1 x set Neg Seq voltage Lev 33 ms VFault 5 0 x set Neg Seq voltage Lev 18 ms Delta function ΔV 1 1 x set Voltage ch...

Страница 389: ... sequence voltages The three phase power and energy measurement P SP E is used for monitoring and metering the active power P reactive power Q apparent power S power factor PF on individual phases as well as three phase total and for calculating the accumulated energy separately on three phase total basis as forward active reverse active forward reactive and reverse reactive P SP E calculates thes...

Страница 390: ... value calculation is only available in the three phase current measurement function IA IB IC Value reporting The measurement functions are capable to report new values for network control center SCADA system based on the following functions Zero point clamping Deadband supervision Limit value supervision Zero point clamping A measured value under zero point clamping limit is forced to zero This a...

Страница 391: ... into boolean output signals on some of the measuring functions and the number of phases required to exceed or undershoot the limit before activating the outputs and can be set with the Num of phases setting in the three phase measurement functions IA IB IC and VA VB VC The limit supervision Function Zero clamping limit Three phase current measurement IA IB IC 0 3 of nominal In 1 Three phase volta...

Страница 392: ...Section 7 1MAC309294 MB F Measurement functions 386 RER620 Technical Manual boolean alarm and warning outputs can be blocked The settings involved for limit value supervision are ...

Страница 393: ...mit A Hi high limit res Low low limit Ground voltage measurement VG High limit V high limit res Low limit High high limit V Hi high limit res Low low limit Phase sequence current measurement I1 I2 I0 High limit Ps Seq A high limit Ng Seq A high limit Zro A high limit Low limit Ps Seq A low limit Ng Seq A low limit Zro A low limit High high limit Ps Seq A Hi high Lim Ng Seq A Hi high Lim Zro A Hi h...

Страница 394: ...s the percentage of the difference between the maximum and minimum limit in the units of 0 001 percent seconds The reporting delay of the integral algorithms in seconds is calculated with the formula Equation 43 Example for IA IB IC A deadband 2500 2 5 of the total measuring range of 40 I_INST_A I_DB_A 0 30 If I_INST_A changes to 0 40 the reporting delay is t s deadband Y max min 1000 100 Δ t s s ...

Страница 395: ...ee phase current measurement IA IB IC A deadband 40 0 40xIn Three phase voltage measurement VA VB VC V Deadband 4 0 4xVn Ground current measurement IG A deadband res 40 0 40xIn Ground voltage measurement VG V deadband res 4 0 4xVn Phase sequence current measurement I1 I2 I0 Ps Seq A deadband Ng Seq A deadband Zro A deadband 40 0 40xIn Phase sequence voltage measurement V1 V2 V0 Ps Seq V deadband N...

Страница 396: ... unit Mult the calculated power values are presented in units of kWh kVArh or in units of MWh MVArh When the energy counter reaches its maximum value defined the counter value is reset and restarted from the zero Changing the value of the Energy unit Mult setting resets the accumulated energy values to the initial values that is EA_FWD_ACM to Forward Wh Initial EA_RV_ACM to Reverse Wh Initial ER_F...

Страница 397: ...itionally it can be used during testing and commissioning of protection and control relays to verify the proper operation and connection of instrument transformers that is the current transformers CTs and voltage transformers VTs The proper operation of the relay analog measurement chain can be verified during normal service by a periodic comparison of the measured value from the relay to other in...

Страница 398: ...ured it helps in keeping the communication load in minimum and yet measurement values are reported frequently enough 7 1 4 Three phase current IA IB IC 7 1 4 1 Identification 7 1 4 2 Function block Figure 210 Function block 7 1 4 3 Signals Table 341 IA IB IC Input signals Table 342 IA IB IC Output signals Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device...

Страница 399: ...ber of phases required by limit supervision Demand interval 0 1 minute 1 5 minutes 2 10 minutes 3 15 minutes 4 30 minutes 5 60 minutes 6 180 minutes 0 1 minute Time interval for demand calculation A high high limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 40 High alarm current limit A high limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 1 20 High warning current limit A low limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 0 00 Low warning current limit A low low limit 0 00 4...

Страница 400: ... Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase C I_INST_A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn IA Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value I_DB_A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn IA Amplitude magnitude of reported value I_DMD_A FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Demand value of IL1 current I_RANGE_A Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low IA Amplitude range I_INST_B FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn IB Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous ...

Страница 401: ...In Suppression of harmonics DFT 50dB at f n x fn where n 2 3 4 5 RMS No suppression Note The relay may indicate non zero phase current measurements in the range of 0 003 0 01 x In when the recloser is in the open state Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Three phase voltage VMMXU 3U VA VB VC Name Type Default Description V_A_AB SIGNA...

Страница 402: ...ent mode Num of phases 1 1 out of 3 2 2 out of 3 3 3 out of 3 1 1 out of 3 Number of phases required by limit supervision V high high limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 1 40 High alarm voltage limit V high limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 1 20 High warning voltage limit V low limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 00 Low warning voltage limit V low low limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 00 Low alarm voltage limit V deadband 100 100000 10000 Deadband conf...

Страница 403: ...e of instantaneous value V_DB_BC FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn VBC Amplitude magnitude of reported value V_RANGE_BC Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low VBC Amplitude range V_INST_CA FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn VCA Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value V_DB_CA FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn VCA Amplitude magnitude of reported value V_RANGE_CA Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low VCA Amplitud...

Страница 404: ...pe Default Description IG SIGNAL 0 Ground current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0 False Block signal for all binary outputs Name Type Description HIGH_ALARM BOOLEAN High alarm HIGH_WARN BOOLEAN High warning Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 Enable 5 Disable 1 Enable Operation Off On Measurement mode 1 RMS 2 DFT 2 DFT Selects used measurement mode A Hi high limit res 0 00 40 00 xIn 0...

Страница 405: ... instantaneous value IG_DB FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Ground current Amplitude magnitude of reported value IG_RANGE Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low Ground current Amplitude range Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the current measured f fn 2Hz 0 5 or 0 002 x In at currents in the range of 0 01 4 00 x In Suppression of harmonics DFT 50dB at f n x fn w...

Страница 406: ...ltage limit V high limit res 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 05 High warning voltage limit V deadband res 100 100000 10000 Deadband configuration value for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Name Type Values Range Unit Description VG kV FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn Measured ground voltage VG_INST FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn Ground voltage Amplitude magnitude of instantaneous value VG_...

Страница 407: ...re 214 Function block 7 1 8 3 Signals Table 361 I1 I2 I0 Input signals Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Phase sequence current CSMSQI I1 I2 I0 I1 I2 I0 Name Type Default Description I0 SIGNAL 0 Zero sequence current I1 SIGNAL 0 Positive sequence current I2 SIGNAL 0 Negative sequence current ...

Страница 408: ... High alarm current limit for negative sequence current Ng Seq A High limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 0 05 High warning current limit for negative sequence current Ng Seq A low limit 0 00 40 00 xIn 0 00 Low warning current limit for negative sequence current Ng Seq A low low Lim 0 00 40 00 xIn 0 00 Low alarm current limit for negative sequence current Ng Seq A deadband 100 100000 2500 Deadband configuration ...

Страница 409: ...e current amplitude range I1_INST FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Positive sequence current amplitude instantaneous value I1_DB FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Positive sequence current amplitude reported value I1_RANGE Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low Positive sequence current amplitude range I0_INST FLOAT32 0 00 40 00 xIn Zero sequence current amplitude instantaneous value I0_DB FLOAT32 0 00 40 00...

Страница 410: ...tage for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Ng Seq V Hi high Lim 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 20 High alarm voltage limit for negative sequence voltage Ng Seq V High limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 05 High warning voltage limit for negative sequence voltage Ng Seq V low limit 0 00 4 00 xVn 0 00 Low warning voltage limit for negative sequence voltage Ng Seq V low low Lim 0 00 4 0...

Страница 411: ...high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low Negative sequence voltage amplitude range V1_INST FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn Positive sequence voltage amplitude instantaneous value V1_DB FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn Positive sequence voltage amplitude reported value V1_RANGE Enum 0 normal 1 high 2 low 3 high high 4 low low Positive sequence voltage amplitude range V0_INST FLOAT32 0 00 4 00 xVn Zero sequence voltage amplitud...

Страница 412: ...s Table 369 P E Input signals Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device number Three phase power and energy measurement APEMMXU P SP E P SP E Name Type Default Description I_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A current I_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B current I_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C current V_A SIGNAL 0 Phase A voltage V_B SIGNAL 0 Phase B voltage V_C SIGNAL 0 Phase C voltage RS...

Страница 413: ...ltiplier for presentation of the energy related values Active power Dir 1 Forward 2 Reverse 1 Forward Direction of active power flow Forward Reverse Reactive power Dir 1 Forward 2 Reverse 1 Forward Direction of reactive power flow Forward Reverse Forward Wh Initial 0 999999999 1 0 Preset Initial value for forward active energy Reverse Wh Initial 0 999999999 1 0 Preset Initial value for reverse act...

Страница 414: ...00 1 00 Phase B Power factor PFC FLOAT32 1 00 1 00 Phase C Power factor S_INST FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of instantaneous value S_DB FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kVA Apparent power magnitude of reported value P_INST FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kW Active power magnitude of instantaneous value P_DB FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kW Active power magnitude of reported value Q_INST F...

Страница 415: ...ive power magnitude of reported value QB_INST FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kVAr Phase B Reactive power magnitude of instantaneous value QB_DB FLOAT32 999999 9 999999 9 kVAr Phase B Reactive power magnitude of reported value PFB_INST FLOAT32 1 00 1 00 Phase B Power factor magnitude of instantaneous value PFB_DB FLOAT32 1 00 1 00 Phase B Power factor magnitude of reported value SC_INST FLOAT32 999999 9...

Страница 416: ...in range 0 10 1 20 x In At all three voltages in range 0 50 1 15 x Vn At the frequency fn 1Hz Active power and energy in range PF 0 71 Reactive power and energy in range PF 0 71 1 5 for power S P and Q 0 015 for power factor 1 5 for energy Suppression of harmonics DFT 50 dB at f n x fn where n 2 3 4 5 Function description IEC 61850 identification IEC 60617 identification ANSI IEEE C37 2 device num...

Страница 417: ...5 00 Hz 60 00 High alarm frequency limit F high limit 35 00 75 00 Hz 55 00 High warning frequency limit F low limit 35 00 75 00 Hz 45 00 Low warning frequency limit F low low limit 35 00 75 00 Hz 40 00 Low alarm frequency limit F deadband 100 100000 1000 Deadband configuration value for integral calculation percentage of difference between min and max as 0 001 s Name Type Values Range Unit Descrip...

Страница 418: ...Section 7 1MAC309294 MB F Measurement functions 412 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 419: ...lt analysis 8 1 1 1 Recorded analog inputs The current RER 620 release does not support selection of analog channels for disturbance DFR recorder 10 channels of RDRE DFR component are pre mapped to following analog inputs IL1 IL2 IL3 Io U1 U2 U3 U2A U2B U2C All analog inputs of the digital fault recorder that are enabled are included in the recording when triggered appropriately 8 1 1 2 Triggering...

Страница 420: ...on situation The user can set the limit values with the High trigger level and Low trigger level parameters of the corresponding analog channel Both high level and low level violation triggering can be active simultaneously for the same analog channel If the duration of the limit violation condition exceeds the filter time of approximately 50 ms the recorder triggers In case of a low level limit v...

Страница 421: ...s a percentage value 8 1 2 1 Sampling frequencies The sampling frequency of the digital fault recorder analog channels depends on the set rated frequency One fundamental cycle always contains the amount of samples set with the Storage rate parameter Since the states of the binary channels are sampled once per task execution of the digital fault recorder the sampling frequency of binary channels is...

Страница 422: ...ys to delete disturbance recordings The recordings can be deleted individually or all at once Individual disturbance recordings can be deleted with the PCM tool or any appropriate computer software which can access the relay s C COMTRADE folder The disturbance recording is not removed from the relay memory until both of the corresponding COMTRADE files CFG and DAT are deleted The user may have to ...

Страница 423: ...6 Operation modes Digital fault recorder has two operation modes saturation and overwrite mode The user can change the operation mode of the digital fault recorder with the Operation mode parameter Saturation mode In saturation mode the captured recordings cannot be overwritten with new recordings Capturing the data is stopped when the recording memory is full that is when the maximum number of re...

Страница 424: ...fault recorder The mapping is done with the Channel selection parameter of the corresponding analog channel The name of the analog channel is user configurable The user can modify it by writing the new name to the Channel id text parameter of the corresponding analog channel Any external or internal digital signal of the relay which can be dynamically mapped can be connected to the binary channels...

Страница 425: ...alog and binary signal information The analog inputs are recorded as instantaneous values and converted to primary peak value units when the relay converts the recordings to the COMTRADE format The binary channels are sampled once per task execution of the digital fault recorder The task execution interval for the digital fault recorder is the same as for the protection functions During the COMTRA...

Страница 426: ...h of the recording preceding the triggering Operation mode 1 Saturation 2 Overwrite 1 1 1 Operation mode of the recorder Exclusion time 0 1 000 000 ms 1 0 The time during which triggerings of same type are ignored Storage rate 32 16 8 samples per fundamental cycle 32 Storage rate of the waveform recording Periodic trig time 0 604 800 s 10 0 Time between periodic triggerings Stor mode periodic 0 Wa...

Страница 427: ...igger level 0 00 2 00 pu 0 01 0 00 Low trigger level for the analog channel Storage mode 0 Waveform 1 Trend cycle 1 0 Storage mode for the analog channel Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Operation 1 on 5 off 1 5 off Binary channel is enabled or disabled Level trigger mode 1 Positive or Rising 2 Negative or Falling 3 Both 4 Level trigger off 1 1 Rising Level trigger mode for the...

Страница 428: ...Section 8 1MAC309294 MB F Recording functions 422 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 429: ...0 UPS incorporates a battery management system that includes both battery charging and battery test functions The RER620 UPS case includes an auxiliary power output that may be used to power a modem radio etc There is also a voltage boost function integrated into the RER620 UPS system that provides up to 250Vdc This power source in combination with an external capacitor is used to operate a variet...

Страница 430: ...Supply UPS case The following sections describe in detail the following functions of the UPS Input power requirements Input power measurement Loss of input power alarm Battery management Auxiliary power supply Actuator drive power supply boost supply Heater control switch RER620 power RS485 commutations ...

Страница 431: ... two versions of the UPS One version covers a 125 Vdc and 120 Vac range while the other covers a 250 Vdc and 240 Vac range There is a comparator that monitors the incoming power and will switch off the DC to DC if the voltage is not inside a specified tolerance 5DGLR 0RGHP HDWHU 9GF 3RZHU 5DLO 836 9GF DWWHU 9GF RQWURO 9ROWDJH 9DF 9GF DWWHU KDUJHU DQG 7HVW 9ROWDJH RRVW DWWV RFDO 38 RQWURO XV HDWHU ...

Страница 432: ...possible to power an RER recloser from a dual bushing PT where the AC is floating There may even be parts of the world that supplies residents with floating AC In such a situation the RER620 will report the voltage off by a significant amount from the actual voltage The RER620 has an input power calibration function that may be used to correct the voltage measurement in cases where there is no con...

Страница 433: ...48 Vdc lead acid battery The charger has maximum charge wattage of 40 watts But the charge is firmware controlled in such a way that the full charging wattage is applied only when the battery s voltage is in the range 30 to 48 Vdc At the lower end of this range it is not known whether the battery is very discharged or the battery is defective If the recloser is operating off batteries then the sys...

Страница 434: ...ed The hardware instantaneous protection circuit will shutdown the APS at about 38 watts and will retry to start the supply about once a second 9 1 3 4 Actuator Drive Power Source Boost Supply The UPS has a programmable power supply that has a range from 60 Vdc to 250 Vdc The output from this supply provides the power to operate the actuators for the recloser Usually the voltage selection is made ...

Страница 435: ... rising temperature or a falling temperature The temperature sensor is located inside the UPS case in the corner of the UPS close to the microprocessor 9 1 3 6 RER620 power Power to the RER620 is provided by UPS connector W1 pins 7 60 Vdc and 8 return This connection can provide about 30 watts In normal operation the RER620 will consume about 15 watts When the UPS is operating from battery power t...

Страница 436: ...ector W1 Battery Start Status LED D21 Connector W3 1 2 3 4 EARTH 5 485 COM 485 485 No Connection L2 neutral 1 2 3 4 5 6 AUX12 24 7 8 L1 AUX 60VDC 60 Return No Connection No Connection ALARM N C Connector W2 Heater 2 ALARM COM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ALARM N O 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 BATTERY BATTERY RETURN BOOST No Connection Connect ground to case screw Heater 1 ...

Страница 437: ...ing a low resistance load parallel to the battery and then measuring the battery voltage The battery voltage before the load was applied and the voltage during the time the load is applied are compared to determine battery health The load is about 1 5 ohms and the connection time for the load is 0 1 seconds Ten measurements are taken and averaged together in the last 25 milliseconds of the test pe...

Страница 438: ... 432 RER620 Technical Manual Connection examples With three external PTs Figure 223 Installation with three phase PT Without three external PTs PT used to power up the recloser is used as reference Figure 224 Installation with single phase PT ...

Страница 439: ... voltage cabinet control power 3 For single phase PT installation the voltage based protections and measurement alarms on the reference side should be disabled 4 The Clamping function affects only the voltage amplitudes 5 When no reference voltage is available the Clamping function should be disabled otherwise V1 will report the actual CVD values when the poles are open and report zeroes when the ...

Страница 440: ... Boost Voltage 60 250 Vdc 1 240Vdc The boost voltage also referred to as the 250Vdc rail is the power source for actuator operation The boost voltage is adjustable via communications This voltage is connected to the drain side of the IBGT on the UPD board This voltage may change with the needs of each pole type driven by the UPD The value is a non signed byte Setting the Boost voltage to 60 will s...

Страница 441: ...Internal Rail 12V 0 2 Vdc 0 1 12V rail voltage Internal Rail 60V 0 255 Vdc 1 60V rail voltage Boost voltage 0 255 Vdc 1 Boost voltage Battery execution result 0 Ready for battery test 1 Battery test is registered 2 Battery interrupt for PWM3 is now enabled and is used as a timer 3 Battery test in process lasts about 0 075 second during which Boost and Battery Charge functions are disabled 4 Batter...

Страница 442: ...orward or reverse direction The intended load for each channel is single coil actuator Each actuator is mechanically connected to a vacuum bottle switch The actuator and vacuum bottle make up a single pole The UPD is normally attached to three poles for control of a three phase feeder in an electrical distribution system UPS Fw Version 00 0 99 9 ver 0 1 UPS firmware version UPS Hw Version 00 0 99 ...

Страница 443: ...nputs RS485 Half Duplex Hi Drv Low Drv Over Current Detect Driver 1 of 6 Drive 2 of 6 Drive 3 of 6 Drive 4 of 6 Drive 5 of 6 Drive 6 of 6 Drive 1 of 6 Power Supply 60v to 15v 4 2v Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Input 4 Input 5 Input 6 Drive 3 Drive 4 Drive 5 Drive 6 Drive 2 Drive 1 No Connection No Connection Hi Drv Low Drv Current Detect Driver 1 of 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2...

Страница 444: ...e DSP controls the bridge drives Data also flows in reverse from the DSP to the CPLD to the parallel bus The DSP is the master of the SPI bus and the CPLD the slave The UPD has an electrically isolated portion to protect the RER620 from electrical disturbances that may be received by the wiring connecting the UPD to the pole top High Voltage Cabinet This isolated portion of the UPD is powered from...

Страница 445: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 9 Other functions RER620 439 Technical Manual 9 2 3 Connections Figure 227 Universal Power Drive UPD connections ...

Страница 446: ...sed Block for 69 BOOLEAN 0 False Block close for 69 function Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Actuator Selection Profile 15 27OVR 550 Turn Coil 38kv 560 Turn Coil 15 27kv OVR A0 310 turns 38kv OVR 600 turns 15 27kv OVR SCA 38kv OVR SCA G W Viper ST Custom2 Funct Appl A Funct Appl B Actuator selection profile Name Type Values Range Unit Description Pole Status Phase A Binary 0 F...

Страница 447: ... maximum flexibility The LED input and its key output of FKEYGGIO are independent To make the led on a pushbutton follow the state of the pushbutton external glue logic is needed The status of FKEYGGIO inputs and outputs are NOT saved to non volatile memory Name Type Values Range Unit Description Last Pole Operation Enum Pass Fail 1 Last pole operation was successful or not successful Drive Voltag...

Страница 448: ...tion 10 L11 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 11 L12 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 12 L13 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 13 L14 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 14 L15 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 15 L16 BOOLEAN Programmable button LED Indication 16 Name Type Description K1 BOOLEAN Programmable button 1 K2 BOOLEAN Programmable button 2 K3 B...

Страница 449: ...MVGAPC is used for user logic bits Each input state is directly copied to the output state This allows the creating of events from advanced logic combinations 9 4 3 Signals Table 398 MVGAPC Output signals Name Type Description Q1 BOOLEAN Q1 status Q2 BOOLEAN Q2 status Q3 BOOLEAN Q3 status Q4 BOOLEAN Q4 status Q5 BOOLEAN Q5 status Q6 BOOLEAN Q6 status Q7 BOOLEAN Q7 status Q8 BOOLEAN Q8 status ...

Страница 450: ...ure 230 Function block 9 5 2 Functionality The pulse timer function block PTGAPC contains eight independent timers The function has a settable pulse length Once the input is activated the output is set for a specific duration using the Pulse delay time setting Figure 231 Timer operation t0 t0 dt t1 t1 dt t2 t2 dt dt Pulse delay time ...

Страница 451: ...als Name Type Default Description IN1 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 1 status IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 2 status IN3 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 3 status IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 4 status IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 5 status IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 6 status IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 7 status IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 8 status ...

Страница 452: ...me 1 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 2 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 3 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 4 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 5 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 6 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 7 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Pulse delay time Pulse delay time 8 0 3600000 ms 10 0...

Страница 453: ...s of local or remote the block generates an output pulse of preset duration In toggle mode a local pushbutton simply toggles the output signal for every input pulse received whereas a remote command only does SET RESET SPCSO1 output Remote Command SPCSO1 output TRUE SET TRUE TRUE RESET FALSE FALSE SET TRUE FALSE RESET FALSE The status of SPCGGIO outputs ARE saved to non volatile memory so the rela...

Страница 454: ... IN11 BOOLEAN Input 11 status IN12 BOOLEAN Input 12 status IN13 BOOLEAN Input 13 status IN14 BOOLEAN Input 14 status IN15 BOOLEAN Input 15 status IN16 BOOLEAN Input 16 status Name Type Description O1 BOOLEAN Output 1 status O2 BOOLEAN Output 2 status O3 BOOLEAN Output 3 status O4 BOOLEAN Output 4 status O5 BOOLEAN Output 5 status O6 BOOLEAN Output 6 status O7 BOOLEAN Output 7 status O8 BOOLEAN Out...

Страница 455: ...SRGAPC contains eight independent set reset flip flop latches where the SET input has the higher priority over the RESET input The status of each Q output is retained in the nonvolatile memory The individual reset for each Q output is available on the LHMI or through tool via communication Parameter Values Unit Step Default Description Operation mode Off Toggle Pulsed Off Mode of operation for the...

Страница 456: ... BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q2 output when set S3 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q3 output when set R3 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q3 output when set S4 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q4 output when set R4 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q4 output when set S5 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q5 output when set R5 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q5 output when set S6 BOOLEAN 0 False Set Q6 output when set R6 BOOLEAN 0 False Resets Q6 output when set S7 BOOLEA...

Страница 457: ...s Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Reset Q1 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q1 output when set Reset Q2 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q2 output when set Reset Q3 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q3 output when set Reset Q4 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q4 output when set Reset Q5 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Resets Q5 output when set Reset Q6 0 Cancel 1 Reset 0 Cancel Reset...

Страница 458: ...GAPC can be used for example for a drop off delayed output related to the input signal TOFGAPC contains eight independent timers There is a settable delay in the timer Once the input is activated the output is set immediately When the input is cleared the output stays on until the time set with the Off delay time setting has elapsed Figure 235 Timer operation t0 t1 dt t2 t3 t5 dt dt Off delay time...

Страница 459: ...als Name Type Default Description IN1 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 1 status IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 2 status IN3 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 3 status IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 4 status IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 5 status IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 6 status IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 7 status IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 8 status ...

Страница 460: ... status Q7 BOOLEAN Output 7 status Q8 BOOLEAN Output 8 status Parameter Values Range Unit Step Default Description Off delay time 1 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Off delay time Off delay time 2 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Off delay time Off delay time 3 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Off delay time Off delay time 4 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Off delay time Off delay time 5 0 3600000 ms 10 0 Off delay time Off delay time 6 0 3600000 ms 10 0 ...

Страница 461: ...time delay on function block TONGAPC can be used for example for time delaying the output related to the input signal TONGAPC contains eight independent timers The timer has a settable time delay Once the input is activated the output is set after the time set by the On delay time setting has elapsed Figure 237 Timer operation t0 t0 dt t2 t3 t4 dt dt On delay time t1 t4 t5 ...

Страница 462: ...0 False Input 1 IN2 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 2 IN3 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 3 IN4 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 4 IN5 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 5 IN6 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 6 IN7 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 7 IN8 BOOLEAN 0 False Input 8 Name Type Description Q1 BOOLEAN Output 1 Q2 BOOLEAN Output 2 Q3 BOOLEAN Output 3 Q4 BOOLEAN Output 4 Q5 BOOLEAN Output 5 Q6 BOOLEAN Output 6 Q7 BOOLEAN Output 7 Q8 BOOLEAN Output 8 ...

Страница 463: ... 1 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 2 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 3 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 4 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 5 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 6 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 7 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time On delay time 8 0 3600000 ms 10 0 On delay time Characteristic Value Operate ...

Страница 464: ...Section 9 1MAC309294 MB F Other functions 458 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 465: ... when the time calculation exceeds the set Trip delay time The user can determine the reset in the DT mode with the Reset delay time setting which provides the delayed reset property when needed Figure 238 Operation of the counter in drop off In case 1 the reset is delayed with the Reset delay time setting and in case 2 the counter is reset immediately because the Reset delay time setting is set t...

Страница 466: ...d that the current is above the set Pickup value The input signal is inactive when the current is below the set Pickup value and the set hysteresis region The timer input rises when a fault current is detected The definite timer activates the PICKUP output and the trip timer starts elapsing The reset drop off timer starts when the timer input falls that is the fault disappears When the reset drop ...

Страница 467: ...e current is above the set Pickup value The input signal is inactive when the current is below the set Pickup value and the set hysteresis region The timer input rises when a fault current is detected The definite timer activates the PICKUP output and the trip timer starts elapsing The reset drop off timer starts when the timer input falls that is the fault disappears Another fault situation occur...

Страница 468: ...imer If the BLOCK input is activated when the trip timer is running as described in Figure 223 the timer is frozen during the time BLOCK remains active If the timer input is not active longer than specified by the Reset delay time setting the trip timer is reset in the same way as described in Figure 221 regardless of the BLOCK input The selected blocking mode is Freeze timer ...

Страница 469: ...iately when the current exceeds the set Pickup value and the PICKUP output is activated The TRIP output of the component is activated when the cumulative sum of the integrator calculating the overcurrent situation exceeds the value set by the inverse time mode The set value depends on the selected curve type and the setting values used The user determines the curve scaling with the Time multiplier...

Страница 470: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 464 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 242 Trip time curves based on IDMT characteristic with the value of the Minimum trip time setting 0 5 second ...

Страница 471: ...of the Minimum trip time setting 1 second 10 2 1 1 Standard inverse time characteristics For inverse time operation both IEC and ANSI IEEE standardized inverse time characteristics are supported The trip times for the ANSI and IEC IDMT curves are defined with the coefficients A B and C The values of the coefficients can be calculated according to the formula ...

Страница 472: ... Extremely Inverse 64 07 0 250 2 0 7 Long Time Very Inverse 28 55 0 712 2 0 8 Long Time Inverse 0 086 0 185 0 02 9 IEC Normal Inverse 0 14 0 0 0 02 10 IEC Very Inverse 13 5 0 0 1 0 11 IEC Inverse 0 14 0 0 0 02 12 IEC Extremely Inverse 80 0 0 0 2 0 13 IEC Short Time Inverse 0 05 0 0 0 04 14 IEC Long Time Inverse 120 0 0 1 0 The maximum guaranteed measured current is 50 x In for the current protecti...

Страница 473: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 467 Technical Manual Figure 244 ANSI extremely inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 474: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 468 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 245 ANSI very inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 475: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 469 Technical Manual Figure 246 ANSI normal inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 476: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 470 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 247 ANSI moderately inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 477: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 471 Technical Manual Figure 248 ANSI long time extremely inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 478: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 472 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 249 ANSI long time very inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 479: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 473 Technical Manual Figure 250 ANSI long time inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 480: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 474 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 251 IEC normal inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 481: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 475 Technical Manual Figure 252 IEC very inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 482: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 476 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 253 IEC inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 483: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 477 Technical Manual Figure 254 IEC extremely inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 484: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 478 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 255 IEC short time inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 485: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 479 Technical Manual Figure 256 IEC long time inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 486: ...to point data Recloser 5 114 Point to point data Recloser 6 136 Point to point data Recloser 7 152 Point to point data Recloser 8 113 1 68546 0 158114 1 78873 0 436523 Recloser 8 111 1 42732 0 003704 1 70112 0 366699 Recloser 8 1 42302 0 007846 1 42529 0 442626 Recloser 9 131 2 75978 5 10647 1 0353 0 614258 Recloser 11 141 21 6149 10 6768 2 69489 0 67185 Recloser 13 142 Point to point data Reclose...

Страница 487: ...er M 118 Point to point data Recloser N 104 0 285625 0 071079 0 911551 0 464202 Recloser P 115 Point to point data Recloser P 115 Point to point data Recloser R 105 0 001015 0 13381 0 00227 0 998848 Recloser T 161 Point to point data Recloser V 137 Point to point data Recloser W 138 15 4628 0 056438 1 6209 0 345703 Recloser Y 120 Point to point data Recloser Z 134 Point to point data Note Trip tim...

Страница 488: ...hnical Manual Figure 257 Recloser curve 1 102 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup ...

Страница 489: ...ical Manual Figure 258 Recloser curve 2 135 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 490: ...ical Manual Figure 259 Recloser curve 3 140 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 491: ...ical Manual Figure 260 Recloser curve 4 106 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 492: ...ical Manual Figure 261 Recloser curve 5 114 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 493: ...ical Manual Figure 262 Recloser curve 6 136 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 494: ...hnical Manual Figure 263 Recloser curve 7 152 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 495: ...ical Manual Figure 264 Recloser curve 8 113 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 496: ...ical Manual Figure 265 Recloser curve 8 111 0 3 0 40 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 497: ...hnical Manual Figure 266 Recloser curve 8 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 498: ...ical Manual Figure 267 Recloser curve 9 131 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 499: ...cal Manual Figure 268 Recloser curve 11 141 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 500: ...ical Manual Figure 269 Recloser curve 13 142 0 30 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 501: ...cal Manual Figure 270 Recloser curve 14 119 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 502: ...cal Manual Figure 271 Recloser curve 15 112 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 503: ...cal Manual Figure 272 Recloser curve 16 139 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 504: ...nical Manual Figure 273 Recloser curve 17 103 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup ...

Страница 505: ...cal Manual Figure 274 Recloser curve 18 151 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 506: ... Technical Manual Figure 275 Recloser curve A 101 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup ...

Страница 507: ...ical Manual Figure 276 Recloser curve B 117 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 508: ...ical Manual Figure 277 Recloser curve C 133 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 509: ...ical Manual Figure 278 Recloser curve D 116 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 510: ...ical Manual Figure 279 Recloser curve E 132 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 511: ...ical Manual Figure 280 Recloser curve F 163 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 512: ...cal Manual Figure 281 Recloser curve G 121 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 1 6 k ...

Страница 513: ...ical Manual Figure 282 Recloser curve H 122 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 ...

Страница 514: ...ical Manual Figure 283 Recloser curve J 164 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 515: ... Manual Figure 284 Recloser curve K ground 165 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 516: ...l Manual Figure 285 Recloser curve K phase 162 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 517: ...ical Manual Figure 286 Recloser curve L 107 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 71 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 518: ...ical Manual Figure 287 Recloser curve M 118 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 519: ...ical Manual Figure 288 Recloser curve N 104 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 4 0 2 0 1 6 1 3 k 1 0 0 7 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 ...

Страница 520: ...ical Manual Figure 289 Recloser curve P 115 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 521: ...ical Manual Figure 290 Recloser curve R 105 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 71 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 522: ...ical Manual Figure 291 Recloser curve T 161 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 523: ...ical Manual Figure 292 Recloser curve V 137 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 524: ...ical Manual Figure 293 Recloser curve W 138 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 525: ...ical Manual Figure 294 Recloser curve Y 120 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 526: ...ical Manual Figure 295 Recloser curve Z 134 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 1 0 1 3 1 6 2 0 4 0 k 0 2 50 40 30 20 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 01 0 02 0 03 0 04 0 05 0 06 0 07 0 08 0 09 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Time s Current multiples of pickup 0 1 ...

Страница 527: ... set Curve parameter C E set Curve parameter E I Measured current I set Pickup value k set Time multiplier 10 2 1 4 RI and RD type inverse time characteristics The RI type simulates the behavior of electromechanical relays The RD type is a ground fault specific characteristic The RI type is calculated using the formula Equation 60 The RD type is calculated using the formula Equation 61 t s Trip ti...

Страница 528: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 522 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 296 RI type inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 529: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 523 Technical Manual Figure 297 RD type inverse time characteristics ...

Страница 530: ...eresis The integral sum of the inverse time counter is reset if another pickup does not occur during the reset delay Inverse reset Standard delayed inverse reset The reset characteristic required in ANSI IEEE inverse time modes is provided by setting the Type of reset curve parameter to Inverse reset In this mode the time delay for reset is given with the following formula using the coefficient D ...

Страница 531: ...Manual Table 424 Coefficients for ANSI delayed inverse reset curves Curve name D 1 ANSI Extremely Inverse 29 1 2 ANSI Very Inverse 21 6 3 ANSI Normal Inverse 0 46 4 ANSI Moderately Inverse 4 85 6 Long Time Extremely Inverse 30 7 Long Time Very Inverse 13 46 8 Long Time Inverse 4 6 ...

Страница 532: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 526 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 298 ANSI extremely inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 533: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 527 Technical Manual Figure 299 ANSI very inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 534: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 528 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 300 ANSI normal inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 535: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 529 Technical Manual Figure 301 ANSI moderately inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 536: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 530 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 302 ANSI long time extremely inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 537: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 531 Technical Manual Figure 303 ANSI long time very inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 538: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 532 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 304 ANSI long time inverse reset time characteristics ...

Страница 539: ...s not wish the counter value to count upwards or to be reset This may be the case for example when the inverse time function of a relay needs to be blocked to enable the definite time operation of another relay for selectivity reasons especially if different relaying techniques old and modern relays are applied Activating the BLOCK input alone does not affect the operation of the PICKUP output It ...

Страница 540: ...n the voltage exceeds the set value of the Pickup value setting and the PICKUP output is activated The TRIP output of the component is activated when the cumulative sum of the integrator calculating the overvoltage situation exceeds the value set by the inverse time mode The set value depends on the selected curve type and the setting values used The user determines the curve scaling with the Time...

Страница 541: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 535 Technical Manual Figure 305 Trip time curve based on IDMT characteristic with Minimum trip time set to 0 5 second ...

Страница 542: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 536 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 306 Trip time curve based on IDMT characteristic with Minimum trip time set to 1 second ...

Страница 543: ...ith the coefficients A B C D and E The inverse trip time can be calculated with the formula Equation 64 t s trip time in seconds V measured voltage V the set value of Pickup value k the set value of Time multiplier Table 425 Curve coefficients for the standard overvoltage IDMT curves Curve name A B C D E 17 Inverse Curve A 1 1 0 0 1 18 Inverse Curve B 480 32 0 5 0 035 2 19 Inverse Curve C 480 32 0...

Страница 544: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 538 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 307 Inverse curve A characteristic of overvoltage protection ...

Страница 545: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 539 Technical Manual Figure 308 Inverse curve B characteristic of overvoltage protection ...

Страница 546: ...294 MB F General function block features 540 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 309 Inverse curve C characteristic of overvoltage protection 10 3 1 2 User programmable inverse time characteristics for overvoltage protection ...

Страница 547: ...age Although the curve A has no discontinuities when the ratio V V exceeds the unity Curve Sat Relative is also set for it The Curve Sat Relative setting for curves A B and C is 2 0 percent However it should be noted that the user must carefully calculate the curve characteristics concerning the discontinuities in the curve when the programmable curve equation is used Thus the Curve Sat Relative p...

Страница 548: ...cs for undervoltage protection The trip times for the standard undervoltage IDMT curves are defined with the coefficients A B C D and E The inverse trip time can be calculated with the formula Equation 66 t s trip time in seconds V measured voltage V the set value of the Pickup value setting k the set value of the Time multiplier setting Table 426 Curve coefficients for standard undervoltage IDMT ...

Страница 549: ...1MAC309294 MB F Section 10 General function block features RER620 543 Technical Manual Figure 310 Inverse curve A characteristic of undervoltage protection ...

Страница 550: ...AC309294 MB F General function block features 544 RER620 Technical Manual Figure 311 Inverse curve B characteristic of undervoltage protection 10 3 2 2 User programmable inverse time characteristics for undervoltage ...

Страница 551: ...ated in such a way that when input voltages are in the range from Pickup value to Curve Sat Relative in percents under Pickup value the equation uses Pickup value 1 0 Curve Sat Relative 100 for the measured voltage Although the curve A has no discontinuities when the ratio V V exceeds the unity Curve Sat Relative is set for it as well The Curve Sat Relative setting for curves A B and C is 2 0 perc...

Страница 552: ...ng the value DFT In the DFT mode the fundamental frequency component of the measured signal is numerically calculated from the samples In some applications for example it can be difficult to accomplish sufficiently sensitive settings and accurate operation of the low stage which may be due to a considerable amount of harmonics on the primary side currents In such a case the operation can be based ...

Страница 553: ...to P backup It is similar to the peak to peak mode with the exception that it has been enhanced with the peak backup In the peak to peak with peak backup mode the function starts with two conditions the peak to peak value is above the set pickup current or the peak value is above two times the set Pickup value The peak backup is enabled only when the function is used in the DT mode in high and ins...

Страница 554: ...Section 10 1MAC309294 MB F General function block features 548 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 555: ... rated accuracy limit factor Fn is the ratio of the rated accuracy limit primary current to the rated primary current For example a protective current transformer of type 5P10 has the accuracy class 5P and the accuracy limit factor 10 For protective current transformers the accuracy class is designed by the highest permissible percentage composite error at the rated accuracy limit primary current ...

Страница 556: ... fulfilled when I1n Ikmax 100 Ikmax is the highest fault current The saturation of the CT protects the measuring circuit and the current input of the relay For that reason in practice even a few times smaller nominal primary current can be used than given by the formula Recommended pickup current settings If Ikmin is the lowest primary current at which the highest set overcurrent stage is to trip ...

Страница 557: ... the pickup current Otherwise the inverse operation time can be further prolonged Therefore the accuracy limit factor Fa should be chosen using the formula Fa 20 Current pickup value I1n The Current pickup value is the primary pickup current setting of the relay 11 1 1 3 Example for non directional overcurrent protection The following figure describes a typical medium voltage feeder The protection...

Страница 558: ...above For the application point of view the suitable setting for instantaneous stage 50P 3 in this example is 3 500 A 5 83 x I2n For the CT characteristics point of view the criteria given by the current transformer selection formula is fulfilled and also the relay setting is considerably below the Fa In this application the CT rated burden could have been selected much lower than 10 VA for econom...

Страница 559: ...g lug terminal for signal connector X120 with one of maximum 14 or 16 Gauge wire Connect each ring lug terminal for CTs VTs with one 12 Gauge wire 12 1 Protective ground connections Figure 313 The protective ground screw is located between connectors X100 and X105 12 2 Communication connections The front communication connection is an RJ 45 type connector used mainly for configuration and setting ...

Страница 560: ...dress of the relay through this port is 192 168 0 254 The front port supports TCP IP protocol A standard Ethernet CAT 5 crossover cable is used with the front port 12 2 2 Ethernet rear connections The Ethernet communication module is provided with either galvanic RJ 45 connection or optical multimode LC type connection depending on the product variant and selected communication interface option A ...

Страница 561: ...x multi point communication 12 2 5 Optical ST serial rear connection Serial communication can be used optionally through an optical connection either in loop or star topology The connection idle state is light on or light off 12 2 6 Communication interfaces and protocols The communication protocols supported depend on the optional rear communication module The maximum number of devices nodes conne...

Страница 562: ...4 Communication module options Table 429 Communication interfaces included in communication modules Interfaces Protocols Ethernet Serial 100BASE TX RJ 45 100BASE FX LC EIA 232 EIA 485 Fibre Optic ST IEC 61850 8 1 MODBUS RTU ASCII MODBUS TCP IP DNP3 Serial DNP3 TCP IP PG E 2179 Close up view of RS485 Port Module ID RJ 45 LC EIA 485 232 EIA 485 IRIG B ST COMB01A COMB02A COMB22A COMB23A ...

Страница 563: ... are supported The two 2 wire ports are called COM1 and COM2 Alternatively if only one 4 wire port is configured the port is called COM2 The fibre optic ST connection uses the COM2 port LED Connector Description LAN X1 LAN link status and activity RJ 45 and LC LED Connector Description1 1 Depending on the jumper configuration FX X12 Not used LAN X1 LAN Link status and activity RJ 45 and LC FL X12 ...

Страница 564: ...COM1 port connection type can be either EIA 232 or EIA 485 Type is selected by setting jumpers X19 X20 X21 X26 The jumpers are set to EIA 232 by default COM1 connector X6 COM2 connector X5 or X12 EIA 232 Optical ST X12 EIA 485 2 wire EIA 485 2 wire X5 EIA 485 4 wire EIA 485 4 wire X5 6 X 26 X 8 X 11 X 19 X 9 X 5 X 7 X 21 X 6 X 20 1 2 3 1 2 3 X 17 X 18 X 16 X15 X14 X13 1 2 3 X24 1 2 3 X3 X25 1 2 3 ...

Страница 565: ...r EIA 485 or optical ST Connection type is selected by setting jumpers X27 and X28 Group Jumper connection Description X19 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X20 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X21 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 X26 1 2 2 3 EIA 485 EIA 232 Group Jumper connection Description Notes X5 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled1 1 Default setting COM1 Rear connector X6 2 wire connection X6 1 2 2 3 B bias enabled...

Страница 566: ...s enabled A bias disabled X14 1 2 2 3 B bias enabled B bias disabled X15 1 2 2 3 Bus termination enabled Bus termination disabled Group Jumper connection Description Notes X13 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled COM2 4 wire TX channel X14 1 2 2 3 B bias enabled B bias disabled X15 1 2 2 3 Bus termination enabled Bus termination disabled X17 1 2 2 3 A bias enabled A bias disabled 4 wire RX chann...

Страница 567: ...32 connections X6 Table 441 EIA 485 connections X6 Table 442 EIA 485 connections X5 Pin EIA 232 1 DCD 2 RxD 3 TxD 4 DTR 5 AGND 6 7 RTS 8 CTS Pin 2 wire mode 4 wire mode 1 Rx 6 Rx 7 B Tx 8 A Tx Pin 2 wire mode 4 wire mode 9 Rx 8 Rx 7 A Tx 6 B Tx 5 AGND isolated ground 4 IRIG B 3 IRIG B 2 1 GND case ...

Страница 568: ...Section 12 1MAC309294 MB F Relay physical connections 562 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 569: ... mm Weight Complete relay 10 5 lbs 4 8 kg Plug in unit only 6 0 lbs 2 8 kg Description Type 2 V nominal Vn 60 V DC Vn variation 50 to 120 of Vn 30 to 72 V DC Start up threshold 48 V DC 60 V DC 80 Burden of auxiliary voltage supply under quiescent Pq operating condition DC 6 9 W nominal 13 3 W max Ripple in the DC auxiliary voltage Max 12 of the DC value at frequency of 2 fn Hz Maximum interruption...

Страница 570: ... W nominal 120 W max Auxiliary Power Supply 12 VDC 24 VDC 20 W nominal 24 W max Battery Charger 48 VDC 35 W max Battery Run Time 38 hr 48 VDC 12 amp hr battery with standard load 15 W Boost Supply Programmable 61 250 VDC 80 W max Description Value Rated frequency 50 60 Hz 5 Hz Current inputs Rated current In 0 2 1 A1 1 Ordering option for ground current input 1 5 A2 2 Ground current and or phase c...

Страница 571: ... V DC 1 A 0 25 A 0 15 A Minimum contact load 100 mA at 24 V AC DC Description Value Rated voltage 250 V AC DC Continuous contact carry 8 A Make and carry for 3 0 s 15 A Make and carry for 0 5 s 30 A Breaking capacity when the control circuit time constant L R 40 ms at 48 110 220 V DC two contacts connected in series 5 A 3 A 1 A Minimum contact load 100 mA at 24 V AC DC Trip circuit monitoring TCM ...

Страница 572: ...0F AU OR BEDR1 1 Depending on the optional communication module Serial port X16 9 pin D sub connector DE 9 Serial port X12 Optical ST connector Connector Fibre type Wave length Max distance Permitted path attenuation1 1 Maximum allowed attenuation caused by connectors and cable together LC MM 62 5 125 μm glass fibre core 1300 nm 2 km 8 dB ST MM 62 5 125 μm glass fibre core 820 900 nm 1 km 11 dB De...

Страница 573: ...th an LC communication interface the maximum operating temperature is 70ºC Relative humidity 93 non condensing Atmospheric pressure 12 47 to 15 37 psi 86 to 106 kPa Altitude Up to 6561 66 feet 2000 m Transport and storage temperature range 40ºC to 85ºC Description Requirement Reference Dry heat test 85ºC 12h1 2 1 For relays with an LC communication interface the maximum operating temperature is 70...

Страница 574: ...Section 13 1MAC309294 MB F Technical data 568 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 575: ... 15 kV Radio frequency interference tests IEEE C37 90 2 2004 Frequency step 20V m f 80 to 1000 MHz Frequency step 1 time step 0 5s Keying test 20V m f 80 to 1000 MHz Frequency step 1 On for 0 5s off for 0 5s Spot frequencies 20V m f 80 160 450 900 MHz Fast transient disturbance tests All ports IEEE C37 90 1 2002 Common mode 4 kV Differential mode 4 kV Description Requirement Reference Vibration te...

Страница 576: ...Section 14 1MAC309294 MB F Relay and functionality tests 570 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 577: ...R620 571 Technical Manual Section 15 Applicable standards and regulations EN 50263 EN 60255 26 EN 60255 27 EMC council directive 2004 108 EC EU directive 2002 96 EC 175 IEC 60255 IEEE C37 90 1 2002 IEEE C37 90 2 2004 IEEE C37 90 3 2001 Low voltage directive 2006 95 EC ...

Страница 578: ...Section 15 1MAC309294 MB F Applicable standards and regulations 572 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 579: ... integrity CAT 5e An enhanced version of CAT 5 that adds specifications for far end crosstalk CB Circuit breaker CBB Cycle building block CPU Central processing unit CT Current transformer CTS Clear to send DFR Digital fault recorder DFT Discrete Fourier Transform DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNP3 A distributed network protocol originally developed by Westronic The DNP3 Users Group has...

Страница 580: ...cation in PLCs and RTU devices MV Medium voltage NPS Negative Phase Sequence PC Personal computer Polycarbonate PCM600 Protection and Control Relay Manager Peak to peak The amplitude of a waveform between its maximum positive value and its maximum negative value A measurement principle where the measurement quantity is made by calculating the average from the positive and negative peak values with...

Страница 581: ...on language SMT Signal Matrix Tool in PCM600 SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol SOTF Switch on to fault SW Software TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCS Trip circuit supervision TRMS True root mean square value UTC Coordinated universal time WAN Wide area network WHMI Web human machine interface ...

Страница 582: ...Section 16 1MAC309294 MB F Glossary 576 RER620 Technical Manual ...

Страница 583: ......

Страница 584: ...istribution Automation 4300 Coral Ridge Drive Coral Springs FL 33065 USA Phone 1 800 523 2620 Phone 1 954 752 6700 Fax 1 954 345 5329 www abb com substationautomation 1MAC309294 MB F Copyright 2017 ABB All rights reserved ...

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