Z Corporation ZPrinter 310 User Manual Download

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RINTER

310 U

SER

ANUAL

ART

UMBER

09508

C, S

EPTEMBER

2003

Summary of Contents for ZPrinter 310

Page 1: ...ZPRINTERTM 310 USER MANUAL PART NUMBER 09508 REV C SEPTEMBER 2003...

Page 2: ...RECYCLING 29 STORAGE 29 DISPOSAL 29 USING ZP 250 POWDER 30 MACHINE SETUP 30 SOFTWARE SETUP 30 PART REMOVAL AND POST PROCESSING 32 INFILTRATION ADDENDUM 33 CHAPTER 4 PREPARING THE 3D PRINTER 34 TURNING...

Page 3: ...PARAPLAST X TRA WAX 58 CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS 59 GLUING MULTI PIECE PARTS 61 PAINTING PARTS 62 POLYESTER RESIN 63 ELECTROPLATING 64 WATER TRANSFER PRINTING 65 INVESTMENT CASTING 68 FLEXIBLE PARTS 70...

Page 4: ...NOLOGY WE WILL USE TO DESCRIBE THE SYS TEM AND INTRODUCE YOU TO SOME OF THE FEATURES OF THIS MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT THE Z CORPORATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT AT 781 852 5050 TOLL...

Page 5: ...ctions on how to prepare your printer print and post process the part 4 Preparing the ZPrinter 310 to Print This section guides you through putting powder and binder solution in the Printer and cleani...

Page 6: ...r The build piston is the piston on the right shown below in the up position Also represented in the diagrams is the roller drawn as a circle and the print assembly drawn as a square On the printer th...

Page 7: ...any kind and can print parts with complex geometries that are impossible for other systems There are several important characteristics of the ZPrinter 310 that will help you print the best parts for y...

Page 8: ...e system depends on the materials you choose You can employ the anisotropic scaling feature in the ZPrint Software to adjust for expected shrinkage and bring your parts into true scale More informatio...

Page 9: ...9 www zcorp users com SYSTEM COMPONENTS ZD4i Depowdering Station ZPrinter 310 System...

Page 10: ...10 service zcorp com ZPRINTER 310 SUBCOMPONENTS ZPrinter 310 System Top Cover Gantry Feed Piston Build Piston Control Panel Service Station Waste Bottle Overflow Bin Binder Bottle on the Top Cover...

Page 11: ...orp users com Power Switch on side Fan Power Entry Voltage Switch Mouse Connector not used Ethernet Connection Bottom View of Electronics Box Keyboard Connector Serial Connector Video Connector Back P...

Page 12: ...12 service zcorp com Gantry Top View Squeegee Scraper Oil Filler Holes Carriage Assembly Carriage Latch Carriage Plunger Fast Axis Rails Front Snowplow Cable Cover Rear Snowplow...

Page 13: ...and allows you to spread powder over the build box Holding down this button will result in continuous spreading of powder Feed Up Feed Down Allows the user to raise or lower the piston in the feed box...

Page 14: ...OR A DETAILED STEP BY STEP GUIDE TO PRINTER SET UP PLEASE REFER TO CHAPTER 4 USING ZPRINT SOFTWARE IN CHAPTER 5 PART REMOVAL AND POST PROCESSING IS COVERED IN CHAPTER 6 FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON P...

Page 15: ...o use any powder in the overflow bin Add fresh powder as needed 2 Spread powder over build area 3 Vacuum any remaining powder on the top deck 4 Clean and wipe the squeegees and parking cap on the serv...

Page 16: ...com 6 Check binder level and fill if necessary Fill the binder fluid to the neck of the tank 8 Put printer online 7 Check the waste bottle Remove and dispose of liq uid in accordance with local dispo...

Page 17: ...t Setup Make sure the software is communicating with the printer by selecting Select Printer Then choose either serial or network depending on how the printer is connected to the computer The printer...

Page 18: ...ne the cross sections of the build It is also recommended that collision detection be processed found under the View menu in the ZPrint System Software if the build contains multiple parts before begi...

Page 19: ...POST PROCESSING 1 Remove excess powder from the part and remove it from the build box 2 Depowder the part in the depowdering station 3 Strengthen the part with the infiltration of your choice See Cha...

Page 20: ...the part are recommended GROSS AND FINE DEPOWDERING Become familiar with where the parts are placed and how they are oriented in the build box so you do not accidentally bump or brush against a fragil...

Page 21: ...d resin from spot to spot Pick a good starting place and hold that area upward relative to the rest of the part With your free hand place the tip of the Z Bond bottle against the part and allow the cy...

Page 22: ...ED TO BUILD PARTS SUCCESSFULLY WITH THESE MATERIAL SYSTEMS IF YOU ARE NOT USING ZCAST OR ZP250 POWDER PLEASE PROCEED TO CHAPTER 4 PREPARING THE 3D PRINTER FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE OR ADDITIONAL QU...

Page 23: ...n the appendix of this manual for additional information Please review the guide along with safety issues before continuing with this product Upon review contact the Z Corporation Applications Team fo...

Page 24: ...24 service zcorp com 4 Remove the cable enclosure 5 Disconnect the ribbon cable 6 Disconnect the head power card 7 Twist and disconnect fluid supply fluid tubing...

Page 25: ...dge of the snowplow until it pops off the spreader roller 9 Repeat step 8 for the snowplow in the back of the printer module 10 Using the 3 16 hex wrench remove the mounting screw located on the right...

Page 26: ...module on a flat area 13 Using the 3 32 hex wrench remove the three hex screws holding the scraper blade retainer and scraper blade onto the printer module One screw located in the front and two in th...

Page 27: ...e printer module onto the printer 16 Tighten the mounting screws on both sides of the motor assembly 17 Replace the snowplows in the front and back of the printer module 18 Reconnect the fluid line ri...

Page 28: ...feed piston plate and increases the gripping force that ZCast 500 powder has on the sidewalls of the feed piston DO NOT pack the casting powder SETTING UP ZCAST BUILDS Follow best practices for settin...

Page 29: ...s unprinted and free of moisture as bonded or printed material will degrade printing performance STORAGE ZCast powder should be stored in a cool dry environment See container labels for additional inf...

Page 30: ...orp part number 06302 to aid in the removal of the 3D printed part after the build is completed Place the build plate onto the build piston and lower the build piston until the top surface of the remo...

Page 31: ...u and select the Fixtures tab Enter the new values and click OK To create a fixture that completely cradles the entire part raise the part in the z axis at least 0 5 12 7 mm from the bottom of the bui...

Page 32: ...ctions Parts built deeper than 2 inches 50 8 mm into the build box may require longer drying time before handling If the removable build plate was used the part can be gross depowdered and removed pri...

Page 33: ...r prior to the oven cure 8 If using Z Snap epoxy place the part with fixture into an oven for 30 minutes at 120 F 49 C This step reduces the occurrence of unsightly bubbling or pooling of the resin If...

Page 34: ...ERVICE STATION FILLING THE BINDER BOTTLE AND REMOVING THE WASTE BOTTLE FOR ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE AND INFORMA TION PLEASE CONTACT THE Z CORPORATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT AT 781 852 5050 TOLL FREE AT 877 8...

Page 35: ...riodically exercises the print head for optimal operation TURNING THE PRINTER ON 1 Check the voltage switch located on the back of the printer to make sure it is configured for the correct voltage 2 P...

Page 36: ...inute and the cleaner the machine is the less often it will need maintenance PREPARING THE BUILD Warning Use only powder supplied by Z Corporation Use of any other material may impact the performance...

Page 37: ...til it feels firm Repeat steps 5 for every two scoops of powder 6 When the feed box is filled to the top take the tamper and slowly press it into the powder surface Be careful not to slap the tamper i...

Page 38: ...te is a useful tool in making the most out of your 3D Printer It allows you to lift delicate parts from the printer without handling them It may allow you to safely remove parts from the machine soone...

Page 39: ...he software You may also choose the Fill Bed option under the 310Service menu in the ZPrint Software CLEANING UP 11 Vacuum off any powder on the top deck The build plate will project above the top of...

Page 40: ...ve away from the service station exposing the squeegees and parking cap The printer must be online with the top cover closed 2 Lift the top cover of the printer 3 Manually move the gantry to the left...

Page 41: ...om Squeegees Parking Cap Parking Cap 6 Rinse parking cap with distilled water 7 With a clean and dry paper towel wipe residue off the squeegees 8 With a clean and dry paper towel remove standing water...

Page 42: ...ueegee scraper located in the back of the printer assembly 11 Close the top cover 12 Press OK on the ZPrint Software to repark the gantry 10 Using a damp paper towel wipe off the top and bottom surfac...

Page 43: ...2 Fill with binder fluid until liquid reaches the neck of the bottle Hold bottle sideways to avoid spilling binder 3 Replace the binder bottle cover CHANGING THE PRINT HEAD Change the print head if n...

Page 44: ...g down on the waste bottle Push to unlock 2 Dispose of waste liquid Binder waste should be treated in accordance with local disposal regulations 3 Replace waste bottle by inserting the bottle back ont...

Page 45: ...MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FEATURES IN THE ZPRINT SOFTWARE PLEASE REFER TO THE ZPRINT SOFTWARE MANUAL FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE ON SOFT WARE FEATURES PLEASE CONTACT THE Z CORPORATION SERVICE DEPAR...

Page 46: ...ouble click the file 4 Choose the dimensions and powder type you will be using 5 Click OK The file will be brought into the software and sliced If you would like to open additional files choose the Im...

Page 47: ...ng a fixture underneath overhanging surfaces will reduce the movement of the overhang For information on generating fixtures refer to the ZPrint Software Manual Cylindrical features will be more accur...

Page 48: ...n from the File menu or toolbar 2 Check that the printer powder type and powder settings for the build are correct 3 If the settings need to be changed select Override Press OK to confirm See Section...

Page 49: ...at are part specific print the part with scaling factors of one 1 in all axes Once the part is completed post process the part Measure the x y and z axes Divide the nominal value by the measured value...

Page 50: ...f the part The thinner the wall thickness the higher the core saturation the thicker the wall thickness the lower the core saturation The ZPrint Software will recommend shell and core saturation value...

Page 51: ...S POWDER BY DEPOWDERING AND INTRODUCE THE USE OF INFILTRATION MATERIALS FOR INFORMATION AND GUIDANCE ON INFILTRATION MATERIALS PLEASE CONTACT THE Z CORPORATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT AT 781 852 5050 TOLL...

Page 52: ...the build piston begin vacuuming powder out of the build box Hold the end of the hose on a 20 to 30 degree angle over the powder so the hose inlet is 1 4 to 3 8 above the surface of the powder This ge...

Page 53: ...y Preheat part at 165o F or 74o C in a Z Corp waxing system or in a drying oven Remember that drying time and part wall thickness are directly related If the average wall thickness is 6 35 mm then the...

Page 54: ...y are easily sanded and are surface machinable SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Wear lab coat gloves we recommend PVC Examination Gloves face shield or goggles Face shield is required if spraying Apply in ventilate...

Page 55: ...al health and safety requirements A reference frequently used by U S firms to comply with OSHA regulations is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Industrial Ventilation Manua...

Page 56: ...t is not dried it will heat up the part and produce gas that may be an irritant to the mucous membranes Material can be brushed dripped or sprayed Material will penetrate between 0 08 0 12 inches 2 3...

Page 57: ...a figure eight pattern being sure to scrape the sides and bottom of the container The material has a working time of 85 minutes in a 450 gram mass at room temperature Mix only what you need Please be...

Page 58: ...xer Wear gloves when handling hot parts GENERAL APPLICATION NOTES Parts should be dried in an oven at 100 F 38 C prior to infiltrating with wax for deeper wax penetration If the part is bulky you may...

Page 59: ...THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED PART PROCESSING TECHNIQUES PLEASE VISIT THE USER GROUP WEBSITE AT WWW ZCORP USERS COM FOR MORE INFORMATION IF YOU HAVE AN APPLICATION YOU WISH TO SHARE OR HAVE QUESTIONS...

Page 60: ...60 service zcorp com...

Page 61: ...oose powder 5 Priming filling and sanding before painting are critical steps in the process Achieving the best results sometimes requires application of two coats of primer A wide variety of paints an...

Page 62: ...d retards the hardening process For example if you were to make 150 grams of the mixture take 50 grams of part A 50 grams of part B and 50 grams of lacquer thinner BCC products can be found athttp www...

Page 63: ...low viscosity polyester resin This resin is widely available at hardware stores and industrial supply centers Some common manufacturers are Evercoat Fibre Glast and or FiberLay Materials Required Poly...

Page 64: ...paint There are a variety of conductive paints on the market such as Agri Systems Non Stick Graphite Paint as well as Dalmar Easyplate Copper Conductive Paint 6 The conductive coating is critical to...

Page 65: ...ere is some equipment to purchase and set up to be able to perform this printing process in house however there are several service bureaus that will dip parts for a fee Any image can be transferred t...

Page 66: ...If there are several parts to be dipped they are mounted to a fixture and dipped simultaneously Washing and Drying The printed parts are washed to rinse off remaining pieces of film and dried Due to...

Page 67: ...ipment and also operate a service bureau They have worked with Z Corp parts before Website www dips n pieces de Alsa Corp Located in the United States They are a service provider capable of prototype...

Page 68: ...tuations and locations using the notes below as a guide Steps that have been varied to achieve success are noted Preparation 1 Starch based powder parts should be used Oven drying the part at 104o F 4...

Page 69: ...For larger parts a longer burnout time should be expected The patterns will burn out completely if they are left in the oven for a sufficient amount of time Low temperature furnaces with air treatment...

Page 70: ...at an exact 1 1 ratio 2 Apply generously For thin parts use a brush or syringe Thicker parts can be dipped 3 If the material soaks completely into the part within a minute apply another coat Multiple...

Page 71: ...ng applications Manufacturers can use all types of thermoplastic materials PVC polystyrenes polyesters acrylics etc in this process Making light gauge plastic less than 0 060 or 0 15 mm thermoforming...

Page 72: ...or drilling but the process will require the use of a mechanical drill to fully incorporate the hole into the mold Drill diameters should be the same as used when creating molds from aluminum or other...

Page 73: ...will have the look and feel of a production piece Additional Resources for the Novice Mold Maker www build stuff com 002book htm www bare metal com articles gremlins_how_to htm www smooth on com moldm...

Page 74: ...acrlylate and Dupont Corlar Epoxy Primer for parts infiltrated with epoxy Apply 2 3 thin coats 6 Allow the part to dry Wet sand the pattern with 400 grit sand paper Wet sanding the part re wets the pr...

Page 75: ...tremely well Be sure not to use a material that will inhibit the curing of the silicone Consult your silicone vendor for a list of these substrates The box must have four sides all of which must stand...

Page 76: ...bands or clamped boards to hold the mold together preventing the cast urethane from leaking through the parting line Do not squeeze a soft mold too tightly as the mold cavity may flex or distort A cup...

Page 77: ...E FAST AXIS FILLING THE WASH FLUID RESERVOIR AND GREASING THE SLOW AXIS AND PISTON SCREWS IT WILL ALSO EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF CHANGING BINDER FLUID AND BLEEDING AIR FROM THE FLUID SYSTEM FOR INFORMATI...

Page 78: ...ange Print Head option under the Service menu in the ZPrint Software Then press Start to begin the print head change process Pull Lever Back to Open The life of a print head usually exeeds 30 billion...

Page 79: ...nel or Done in the software when complete 10 Fill up the binder bottle 11 Make sure waste bottle is empty 12 To purge the print head of HP ink choose the Purge Print Head option under the ZPrinter 310...

Page 80: ...he print head and printer such as when receiving Head ROM errors or when it is dirty To clean the pogo pins follow the instructions below 1 Use the alcohol swabs which can be ordered from Z Corporatio...

Page 81: ...iddle of the printer 5 Manually move the carriage to the middle of the printer 1 Select the Unpark option in the ZPrint Software under the 310Service menu The ZPrint Software will alert you when it is...

Page 82: ...ed on the right side of the print head 7 Using the oil canister supplied in the toolbox that accompanies each ZPrinter 310 System squeeze oil onto the wicks until saturated approximately 10 seconds 8...

Page 83: ...inter 310 toolbox squeeze oil into the two holes found in the carriage above the fast axis rail for about 10 seconds 10 Close top cover Two tiny holes are located in the front and back of the carriage...

Page 84: ...cover 1 Select the Unpark option in the ZPrint Software under the 310Service menu Refill the wash fluid reservoir with zc10 wash fluid when alerted by the ZPrint Software or refill if the wick on the...

Page 85: ...line 6 Refill the reservoir using the wash fluid supplied in the toolbox One bottle will fill up the reservoir Remember to reorder zc10 wash fluid 7 Close the top cover of the printer 9 Press OK on th...

Page 86: ...crews Grease Fitting Grease Fitting 2 Locate the two grease fittings 3 Snap the grease coupler onto the fittings The slow axis will need to be greased occasionally to prevent slow axis errors The ZPri...

Page 87: ...in the ZPrint Software Manual 1 Lower both the feed and build pistons all the way down 2 Turn off and unplug the printer 3 Remove the overflow bucket and locate the two pis ton screws 4 Take grease su...

Page 88: ...lift and move the binder bottle towards the front of the printer 2 Press release latch and pull the tubing out 3 Insert tubing into latch from new binder bottle and secure binder bottle in place on to...

Page 89: ...dding more or less of the corresponding desired color ratio pink can be achieved by cutting the quantity of total color binder added by two A part will appear more vibrant after infiltration PLEASE NO...

Page 90: ...of binder or through removing the binder bottle bleed the air to prevent damage to the print head 1 Select the Unpark option in the ZPrint Software under the 310Service menu 3 Open the carriage cover...

Page 91: ...ge into septum and remove the air and 10 cc of liquid Septum Syringe 6 When completed re insert print head close carriage cover close the top cover of the printer and press Done on the ZPrint Software...

Page 92: ...SYSTEM DETAILS AND MATERIAL STORAGE PRECAUTIONS FOR MORE INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT THE Z CORPORATION SERVICE DEPARTMENT AT 781 852 5050 OR TOLL FREE AT 877 88 ZCORP OR VISIT THE USER GROUP WEBSITE AT...

Page 93: ...will be handled by your Z Corporation customer service representative FCC Notice Note this equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part...

Page 94: ...94 service zcorp com MATERIAL STORAGE PRECAUTIONS Carefully read the Material Safety Data Sheets MSDS before using any Z Corporation materials...

Page 95: ...ting 65 B Back Cover Removal 86 Back Panel 11 Binder Change 88 Change Color 89 Binder Bottle Refill 43 Removal 88 Bleed Air Septum 91 Syringe 91 Build Plate 38 build plate 38 Build Settings 48 C Carri...

Page 96: ...tarch Material System 50 Scraper Blade Removal 23 Septum 91 Service Station 13 Cleaning 40 Slice Viewing 49 Slow Axis Grease 86 Spread Powder 39 Squeegee Scraper Clean 42 Squeegees Clean 40 Wipe 41 St...

Page 97: ...d Settings 48 Collision Detection 49 Import 46 Open 46 Printing 50 Slice Viewing 49 ZPrinter 310 Back Panel 11 Components 9 ZD4i Depowdering Station 9 Gantry 12 Online 44 Service Station 13 Subcompone...

Page 98: ...Appendix I 09521 ZCastTM Design Guide Rev A ZCastTM Direct Metal Casting DESIGN GUIDE September 2003...

Page 99: ...our 11 5 3 2 Shell Method 11 5 3 3 Combination Method 12 5 4 Printing Your Model 12 5 5 Conclusion 12 6 Design Techniques with ZCast 13 6 1 Direct Gating 13 6 2 Mold Parts Larger Than Build Volume 13...

Page 100: ...owder Recycling 24 10 Finishing 24 10 1 De molding 24 10 2 Secondary Operations 24 10 3 Ovens 24 11 Foundry Consumables 25 11 1 Sand Casting Glossary 26 11 1 1 Cope and Drag 26 11 1 2 Cores 26 11 1 3...

Page 101: ...ds Locate a foundry experienced with the sand casting process ZCast users range from individuals with little or no mold design to knowledgeable experienced pattern makers or foundrymen Since ZCast use...

Page 102: ...T PARTS IN ITS UNTREATED RAW STATE CONTAINS ABOUT 10 MOISTURE PER UNIT WEIGHT CASTING MOLTEN METAL AGAINST UNTREATED MATERIAL RELEASES LARGE AMOUNTS OF STEAM AND SMOKE RISKING SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY...

Page 103: ...e Z 810 Large Format 3D Printer the Z406 3D Printer and the ZPrinter 310 3D Printers 3 2 Design Freedom In addition to reducing the time and cost to create a prototype casting the ZCast process also p...

Page 104: ...t endure Molds and cores may be shipped even around the world but they must be packaged carefully Shipping molds long distances can add days to the development cycle and increase risk of damage due to...

Page 105: ...ic of designing castings There are numerous publications be the American Foundry Society as well as textbooks Among the best of these are Campbell J Castings Butterworth Heinemann 2000 Heine R W and R...

Page 106: ...for larger molds than the Direct Pour method and when the gating system would require very large ZCast components If the size of the mold exceeds the working volume of the printer the Shell Method is...

Page 107: ...same restrictions that apply to conventional mold components The advantage to using ZCast in this case is that cores and inserts can be made without any special tooling e g core boxes that would leng...

Page 108: ...gating and core prints away from the larger block leaving the mold cavity 8 Generate a parting surface and split the mold block 9 Add mating features to help align the mold components These can be sim...

Page 109: ...tutorial can be provided upon request to your Z Corp account representative 5 4 Printing Your Model Setting up your build using ZCast is the same as using other Z Corp powders Use the ZPrint software...

Page 110: ...old hollow out the backside of your mold for better performance Take the following example Figure 6a illustrates a mold cavity surrounded by a solid mass of ZCast material Figure 6b shows the same mol...

Page 111: ...sands Vents can be small holes usually at high points on the casting extending through the cope to the atmosphere These are often small enough 125 3mm is recommended to freeze off before the metal rea...

Page 112: ...hickness between the metal and the outside of the mold Around areas of the casting where low porosity is important or near thick sections in the casting there should be vents for gases to escape Vents...

Page 113: ...erated and or ground off putting the parting line across a complex region without room to grind will limit the possibilities of finishing the part Keep parting line as far away as possible from core v...

Page 114: ...parting surfaces with core paste A bead of this material is placed around the outer edges of the mating surfaces of the mold and across the core prints to prevent leakage 6 9 Geometry Guidelines For...

Page 115: ...be attached to the ZCast mold with a foundry adhesive or core paste For safe measure they can be clamped or wired in place to prevent shifting during pouring Additionally you can design a pouring sle...

Page 116: ...rag of the same mold try to always print them in the same orientation in the build 6 13 1 Machine Settings Use the following optimized print settings for printing ZCast 500 powder with zb56 binder Sat...

Page 117: ...Appendix I ZCast Design Guide 20 Accumulated slag on the top of the crucible should be removed prior to pouring...

Page 118: ...ppendix I ZCast Design Guide 21 Figure 13 a b c Horizontal filter orientation Metal rises up through filters maximum are achieved with horizontal placement d e f Vertical filter orientation a b c f e...

Page 119: ...ains about 10 moisture per unit weight Casting molten metal against untreated material releases large amounts of steam and smoke To use the ZCast mold properly it MUST be baked in an oven from 180 C 3...

Page 120: ...inum 390 1250 F 1450 F 5 1156 F Bronze Silicon 1900 F 2150 F 6 1880 F 1940 F Bronze Phosphor 1900 F 2150 F 6 1830 F 1970 F Bronze Aluminum 1900 F 2250 F 6 1915 F 1930 F Brass 5 1900 F 6 1850 F Zinc 75...

Page 121: ...ial from a finished casting 10 2 Secondary Operations Castings will often need secondary operations all of which are identical in process to traditionally cast parts At the very least the material for...

Page 122: ...izing flash Core paste can also be used to glue pieces together such as a sleeve to the mold or mold halves together Core wash Use core wash to improve surface finish and reduce gassing into the mold...

Page 123: ...re must not contain undercuts in the pull direction Some castings will not have any cores others will need several as shown in figure 16 The mold in figure 15 has three separate cores In traditional c...

Page 124: ...h opens up to the well The well is typically a cylindrical opening with a diameter about 2 5 times bigger then the choke It directs the metal to the runner system The well often serves the dual purpos...

Page 125: ...as it begins to shrink The riser is typically cylindrical and MUST stand as tall as the pouring cup Failure to do so will result in a significant loss of material as the level in the pouring cup reac...

Page 126: ...about any of the information contained herein or need additional information please contact us North America Howard Rhett North American Sales Engineer ZCast Z Corporation 20 North Avenue Burlington...

Page 127: ...Click below to find more Mipaper at www lcis com tw Mipaper at www lcis com tw...

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