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User Guide

Personal Computer

VPCC Series

Summary of Contents for VPCCA4C5E

Page 1: ...N User Guide Personal Computer VPCC Series ...

Page 2: ...on 39 Using the Built in Camera 41 Using the Optical Disc Drive 42 Using Memory Stick 50 Using Other Modules Memory Cards 57 Using the Internet 61 Using the Network LAN 62 Using the Wireless LAN 63 Using the BLUETOOTH Function 68 Using Peripheral Devices 74 Connecting External Speakers or Headphones 75 Connecting an External Display 76 Selecting Display Modes 82 Using the Multiple Monitors Functio...

Page 3: ...Memory Stick 116 Handling the Built in Storage Device 117 Troubleshooting 118 Computer Operations 120 System Update Security 126 Recovery Recovery Media 127 Partition 128 Battery Pack 129 Built in Camera 131 Networking LAN Wireless LAN 133 BLUETOOTH Technology 137 Optical Discs 140 Display 145 Printing 150 Microphone 151 Speakers 152 Touch Pad 154 Keyboard 155 Floppy Disks 156 Audio Video 157 Memo...

Page 4: ...d communications to provide you with a state of the art computing experience External views illustrated in this manual may look slightly different from those of your computer How to find specifications Some features options and supplied items may not be available on your computer To find out about the configuration of your computer visit the VAIO Support web site at http support vaio sony eu ...

Page 5: ...O computer 1 Printed Documentation Quick Start Guide An overview of components connection set up information etc Recovery Backup and Troubleshooting Guide Safety Regulations and Support Information Before activating the wireless functions such as the wireless LAN and BLUETOOTH technology read the Safety Regulations and Support Information carefully ...

Page 6: ...oubleshooting information To access VAIO User Guide click Start All Programs and VAIO Manual Windows Help and Support A comprehensive resource for practical advice tutorials and demonstrations to help you learn to use your computer To access Windows Help and Support click Start and Help and Support or press and hold the Microsoft Windows key and press the F1 key ...

Page 7: ...port you will be asked for the serial number of the computer The serial number is a 15 digit number that can be found at the bottom of the VAIO Care window on the bottom or the back panel of the computer or inside the battery compartment Other sources for information about the VAIO computer are The VAIO Forum at http www sony eu discussions community en support vaio_and_computing which enables you...

Page 8: ...nt of you Keep your forearms horizontal with your wrists in a neutral comfortable position while using the keyboard or the pointing device Let your upper arms hang naturally at your sides Take frequent breaks while using your computer Excessive use of the computer may strain eyes muscles or tendons Furniture and posture Sit in a chair with good back support Adjust the level of the chair so your fe...

Page 9: ...level of the display as well Lighting Choose a location where windows and lights do not cause glare and reflection on the display Use indirect lighting to avoid bright spots on the display Proper lighting adds to your comfort and work efficiency Positioning an external display When using an external display set the display at a comfortable viewing distance Make sure the display screen is at or sli...

Page 10: ...omputer Upon completion connect one device for example a printer an external hard disk drive a scanner and so on at a time following the manufacturer s instructions Locating Controls and Ports page 11 About the Indicator Lights page 16 Connecting a Power Source page 17 Using the Battery Pack page 19 Shutting Down Your Computer Safely page 26 Using the Power Saving Modes page 27 Keeping Your Comput...

Page 11: ...those illustrated in this manual due to variations in specifications Front A Built in camera page 41 B Built in camera indicator page 16 C Built in microphone monaural D LCD screen page 111 E Built in speakers stereo F Numeric keypad VPCCB Series only Use the numeric keypad to type numbers or to perform basic math calculations G Keyboard page 34 H Left button page 37 I Right button page 37 J Touch...

Page 12: ...Scroll lock indicator page 16 E ASSIST button page 38 F WEB button page 38 G VAIO button page 38 H Power button I Memory Stick Duo SD memory card combined slot page 50 page 57 J Media access indicator page 16 K Power indicator page 16 L Charge indicator page 16 M Disc drive indicator page 16 N WIRELESS switch page 63 page 68 O WIRELESS indicator page 16 Your computer supports Duo size Memory Stick...

Page 13: ...nd Ports Right A Headphones jack page 75 B Microphone jack page 85 C USB ports page 86 D Optical disc drive page 42 E Drive eject button page 42 F Manual eject hole page 140 G Security slot VPCCB Series only Compliant with the USB 2 0 standard ...

Page 14: ...vent D Monitor port page 76 E HDMI output port page 78 F USB port 1 page 86 G USB port 2 page 86 H Security slot VPCCA Series only 1 Compliant with the USB 2 0 3 0 standards USB ports that are compliant with the USB 3 0 standard are identifiable by their blue color 2 Compliant with the USB 2 0 standard ...

Page 15: ...15 n N Getting Started Locating Controls and Ports Back Bottom A Air vents B Battery connector page 19 C Memory module compartment cover page 99 ...

Page 16: ...disc drive is in progress Do not place the computer into Sleep mode or turn it off while this indicator light is lit Num lock Illuminates during Num lock mode In this mode you can use the numeric keys to type numbers or to perform basic math calculations To activate Num lock mode press the Fn Num Lk keys on models without the numeric keypad or the Num Lk key on models with the numeric keypad To de...

Page 17: ...y connected to an AC power source and has a battery pack installed it uses power from the AC outlet Use only the supplied AC adapter for your computer To use the AC adapter 1 Plug one end of the power cord 1 into the AC adapter 3 2 Plug the other end of the power cord into an AC outlet 2 3 Plug the cable from the AC adapter 3 into the DC IN port 4 on the computer The shape of the DC In plug varies...

Page 18: ...uter completely from an AC power source unplug the AC adapter from the AC outlet Make sure that an AC outlet is easily accessible If you do not intend to use your computer for an extended period of time place the computer into Hibernate mode See Using Hibernate Mode page 29 ...

Page 19: ...ck The battery pack supplied with your computer is not fully charged at the time of delivery Installing Removing the Battery Pack To install the battery pack 1 Turn off the computer and close the LCD screen lid 2 Slide the battery LOCK switch 1 to the unlock position ...

Page 20: ...tment until the projection 2 on either side of the battery compartment fits into the U shaped cut 3 on either side of the battery pack 4 Push the battery pack down into the compartment until it clicks into place 5 Slide the battery LOCK switch to the LOCK position to secure the battery pack on the computer ...

Page 21: ...to the unlock position 3 Slide and hold the battery RELEASE latch 2 put your fingertip underneath the tab 3 on the battery pack and lift the battery pack in the direction of the arrow and then slide it away from the computer For your safety it is highly recommended that you use genuine Sony rechargeable battery packs and AC adapters that meet the quality assurance standard supplied by Sony for you...

Page 22: ...attery pack charges close to the maximum charge level you selected the charge indicator turns off Charge the battery pack as described in this manual from your first battery charge Charge indicator status Meaning Lit in orange The battery pack is charging Blinks along with the green power indicator The battery pack is running out of power Normal mode Blinks along with the orange power indicator Th...

Page 23: ...ium ion battery pack and can be recharged any time Charging a partially discharged battery pack does not affect the life of battery While some software applications or peripheral devices are in use your computer may not enter Hibernate mode even when the remaining battery life becomes short To avoid loss of data while the computer is running on the battery you should save your data frequently and ...

Page 24: ... or the duration of use of the battery pack extends To get the most out of the battery pack check the battery charge capacity and change the battery settings To check the battery charge capacity 1 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Control Center 2 Click Power Management and Battery Additionally you can enable the battery care function to extend the life of the battery pack ...

Page 25: ... LCD brightness of your computer screen Use the power saving mode See Using the Power Saving Modes page 27 for more information Change the power saving settings on the Power Options See Using the VAIO Power Management page 97 for more information For more information on how to extend the battery life see the help file after following the steps in Checking the Battery Charge Capacity page 24 ...

Page 26: ... shut down your computer properly as described below To shut down your computer 1 Turn off any peripherals connected to the computer 2 Save your data and close all running software applications 3 Click Start and the Shut down button After a short time the computer automatically turns off Make sure the power indicator light turns off ...

Page 27: ...loss of data you should save your data frequently Mode Description Normal mode This is the normal state of your computer while it is in use The green power indicator light is lit while the computer is in this mode Sleep mode Sleep mode turns off the LCD screen and places the built in storage device s and the CPU into a low power consumption mode The orange power indicator light blinks slowly while...

Page 28: ...ep mode Click Start the arrow next to the Shut down button and Sleep To return to Normal mode Press any key Press the power button on your computer If you press and hold the power button for more than four seconds your computer will turn off automatically You will lose all unsaved data ...

Page 29: ... keys Alternatively you can click Start the arrow next to the Shut down button and Hibernate Do not move your computer before its power indicator light turns off To return to Normal mode Press the power button If you press and hold the power button for more than four seconds your computer will turn off automatically ...

Page 30: ...computer s efficiency security and functionality The VAIO Update automatically notifies you of new updates available on the Internet and downloads and installs them on the computer Windows Update Click Start All Programs and Windows Update and then follow the on screen instructions VAIO Update Click Start All Programs VAIO Care VAIO Software and VAIO Update Your computer must be connected to the I...

Page 31: ... download the updates Trend Micro 1 Click Start All Programs Trend Micro Titanium Maximum Security 2012 and Trend Micro Titanium Maximum Security 2012 2 Follow the on screen instructions McAfee 1 Click Start All Programs McAfee and McAfee Internet Security or McAfee Total Protection 2 Follow the on screen instructions Norton Internet Security 1 Click Start All Programs Norton Internet Security and...

Page 32: ...The VAIO Care will provide appropriate measures to solve the problem To launch the VAIO Care Press the ASSIST button while your computer is on Do not press the ASSIST button while the computer is in Hibernate mode See the help file included with the VAIO Care for more information Pressing the ASSIST button while the computer is off launches the VAIO Care Rescue The VAIO Care Rescue can be used to ...

Page 33: ...he Touch Pad page 37 Using Special function Buttons page 38 Using the Quick Web Access Function page 39 Using the Built in Camera page 41 Using the Optical Disc Drive page 42 Using Memory Stick page 50 Using Other Modules Memory Cards page 57 Using the Internet page 61 Using the Network LAN page 62 Using the Wireless LAN page 63 Using the BLUETOOTH Function page 68 ...

Page 34: ...nd off the built in speakers or the headphones Fn 2 F3 F4 volume control Changes the volume level To increase the volume keep pressing the Fn F4 keys or press the Fn F4 keys and then the M or key To decrease the volume keep pressing the Fn F3 keys or press the Fn F3 keys and then the m or key Fn 8 F5 F6 brightness control Changes the LCD brightness of your computer screen To increase lighting inte...

Page 35: ...on the connected external display Fn F9 F10 zooming Changes the size of an image or a document displayed on some software To make the view look smaller and further away zoom out press the Fn F9 keys To make the view look bigger and closer zoom in press the Fn F10 keys See the help file included with the VAIO Control Center for more information Fn F12 hibernation Provides the lowest level of power ...

Page 36: ...atically turn on and off according to ambient light intensity Additionally you can set a time period to turn off the keyboard backlight after inactivity of keyboard operations To change the backlit keyboard settings 1 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Control Center 2 Click Keyboard and Mouse and Backlit Keyboard Ambient light intensity is measured by the ambient light sensor Blocking the ambient ...

Page 37: ...on 4 once With many applications this action displays a context sensitive shortcut menu if any Drag Slide your finger on the touch pad while pressing the left button Scroll Slide your finger along the right edge of the touch pad to scroll vertically Slide your finger along the bottom edge to scroll horizontally Once vertical or horizontal scrolling is engaged you can move your finger in circles on...

Page 38: ...start See Using the VAIO Care page 32 for more information Do not press the ASSIST button while the computer is in Hibernate mode WEB button While the computer is in Normal mode the WEB button launches the web browser assigned to the button by default While the computer is off the WEB button activates the Quick Web Access function and launches the web browser used with this function See Using the ...

Page 39: ... the initial setup wizard Once you have completed the initial setup the web browser used with the Quick Web Access function launches just by pressing the WEB button from the next time Exiting the Quick Web Access Function To launch the Windows operating system you first need to exit the Quick Web Access function To exit the Quick Web Access function do any of the following Click the icon located a...

Page 40: ...ion is activated you cannot use the ASSIST button any function key except the F2 F3 and F4 keys in combination with the Fn key for shortcuts the Scr Lk key in combination with the Fn key for a shortcut any port and jack except the DC IN port the LAN port the USB ports and the headphones jack the Memory Stick Duo slot and the SD memory card slot ...

Page 41: ...ra is in use The software installed on your computer varies depending on your computer s configurations To make a video call using Windows Live Messenger 1 Click Start All Programs and Windows Live Messenger You need to sign in to Windows Live Messenger to make a video call To display images from the built in camera 1 Click Start All Programs ArcSoft Webcam Suite and WebCam Companion 4 2 Click Cap...

Page 42: ...equipped with an optical disc drive Some features and options in this section may not be available on your computer See the specifications to find out about the configuration of your computer To insert a disc 1 Turn on the computer 2 Press the drive eject button 1 to open the drive The drive tray slides out ...

Page 43: ... disc clicks into place Do not exert pressure on the drive tray Be sure to hold the bottom of the drive tray when placing removing a disc onto from the tray 4 Close the drive tray by pushing it in gently Do not remove the optical disc while your computer is in a power saving mode Sleep or Hibernate Be sure to bring the computer back into Normal mode before removing the disc ...

Page 44: ... PR PR PR PR PR P P 1 The DVD SuperMulti Drive on your computer does not support the DVD RAM cartridge Use non cartridge discs or discs with a removable cartridge 2 Writing data to single sided DVD RAM discs 2 6 GB compliant with DVD RAM Version 1 0 is not supported DVD RAM Version 2 2 12X SPEED DVD RAM Revision 5 0 disc is not supported 3 The Blu ray Disc drive on your computer does not support B...

Page 45: ...iting is not supported To play copyright protected Blu ray Disc media continually update the AACS key The AACS key update requires Internet access As with other optical media devices circumstances may limit compatibility or prevent Blu ray Disc media playback VAIO computers may not support movie playback on packaged media recorded in AVC or VC1 formats at high bit rates Region settings are require...

Page 46: ... R DL DVD R DVD RW DVD R DVD RW or DVD RAM media When your computer is equipped with a Blu ray Disc drive Blu ray Disc playback is available on your computer However the drive may not be able to play some Blu ray Disc content or the computer may become unstable during Blu ray Disc playback To play content normally download and install the latest updates for Blu ray Disc playback software using the...

Page 47: ...ea is different from the label you cannot play the disc on your computer To find out the region code for your residence area see the following table Residence area Region code Residence area Region code Residence area Region code Africa 5 Australia 4 China 6 Europe 2 Hong Kong 3 India 5 Indonesia 3 Japan 2 Korea 3 Kuwait 2 Malaysia 3 New Zealand 4 Philippines 3 Russia 5 Saudi Arabia 2 Singapore 3 ...

Page 48: ...tical disc drive from the All disk drives list and click Properties 5 Click the DVD Region tab 6 Select an appropriate region from the list and click OK You can change the region code only a limited number of times When you have exceeded this number the drive s region code is permanently assigned and you will not be able to change it again Reconfiguring your computer does not reset this count Any ...

Page 49: ...lay the disc For instructions on how to use the software see the help file included with the software Copying Files to Discs To copy files to a disc 1 Insert a recordable disc into the optical disc drive Connect the AC adapter to the computer and close all running software applications before copying files to a disc 2 If nothing appears on the desktop click Start All Programs and your desired disc...

Page 50: ... it is removable it can be used for external data storage Before You Use Memory Stick The Memory Stick Duo slot on your computer can accommodate the following sizes and types of media Memory Stick Duo Memory Stick PRO Duo Memory Stick PRO HG Duo Your computer supports only Duo size Memory stick and does not support standard size Memory Stick The Memory Stick Duo slot also works as the SD memory ca...

Page 51: ...ting and Removing Memory Stick To insert Memory Stick 1 Locate the Memory Stick Duo slot 2 Hold Memory Stick with the arrow pointing toward the slot 3 Carefully slide Memory Stick into the slot until it clicks into place Do not force the media into the slot ...

Page 52: ...to install the software Memory Stick is automatically detected by your system and the contents of Memory Stick are displayed If nothing appears on the desktop click Start Computer and double click the Memory Stick icon The Memory Stick icon will appear in the Computer window after you insert Memory Stick into the slot Before using Memory Stick Micro M2 be sure to insert it into an M2 Duo adaptor I...

Page 53: ...e volumes of data may take time to load so make sure the indicator light is unlit before removing Memory Stick 1 Locate the Memory Stick Duo slot 2 Check that the media access indicator light is unlit 3 Push in Memory Stick toward the computer and release Memory Stick ejects 4 Pull Memory Stick out of the slot Be sure to remove Memory Stick gently or it may pop out unexpectedly ...

Page 54: ...atting the media make sure that it does not contain your valuable data Do not remove Memory Stick from the slot while formatting This could cause a malfunction 1 Locate the Memory Stick Duo slot 2 Carefully slide Memory Stick into the slot until it clicks into place 3 Click Start and Computer 4 Right click the Memory Stick icon and select Format 5 Click Restore device defaults The size of the allo...

Page 55: ...55 n N Using Your VAIO Computer Using Memory Stick 6 Click Start 7 Follow the on screen instructions It may take time to format Memory Stick depending on the media type ...

Page 56: ... inserting or removing Memory Stick from the slot Do not force it in or out of the slot Inserting Memory Stick with multiple conversion adaptors is not guaranteed of compatibility MagicGate is the general name of the copyright protection technology developed by Sony Use Memory Stick with the MagicGate logo to take advantage of this technology Except for your personal use it is against the copyrigh...

Page 57: ...eras camcorders music players and other audio video devices Before you use the SD memory card The SD memory card slot on your computer can accommodate the following memory cards SD memory card SDHC memory card SDXC memory card The SD memory card slot also works as the Memory Stick Duo slot For the latest information on compatible memory cards see Finding More about Your VAIO Computer page 5 to vis...

Page 58: ...Carefully slide the SD memory card into the slot until it clicks into place Do not force the card into the slot When you insert the SD memory card into the slot for the first time you may be prompted to install driver software If prompted follow the on screen instructions to install the software The SD memory card icon will appear in the Computer window after you insert the card into the slot ...

Page 59: ...mory Cards To remove an SD memory card 1 Locate the SD memory card slot 2 Check that the media access indicator light is unlit 3 Push in the SD memory card toward the computer and release The SD memory card ejects 4 Pull the SD memory card out of the slot ...

Page 60: ...adaptor of a different type into the memory card slot An incompatible memory card or memory card adaptor may cause difficulty in removing from the slot and can cause damage to your computer Do not insert more than one memory card into the slot Improper insertion of the media may damage both your computer and the media Notes on using the SD memory card Your computer has been tested and found compat...

Page 61: ...ct your computer to the Internet ask your ISP To connect your computer to the Internet using the wireless LAN function you need to set up the wireless LAN network See Using the Wireless LAN page 63 for more information When you connect your computer to the Internet be sure to take appropriate security measures to protect the computer against online threats Depending on the service contract with yo...

Page 62: ... devices required for LAN access ask your network administrator You can connect your computer to any network without changing the default settings Do not plug a telephone cable into the LAN port on your computer If the LAN port is connected to one of the telephone lines mentioned below high electric current to the port may cause damage overheating or fire Home intercom speakerphone or business use...

Page 63: ... of technology used See the specifications to find out about the configuration of your computer WLAN standard Frequency band Remarks IEEE 802 11a 5 GHz Available only on models compliant with the IEEE 802 11a b g n standard IEEE 802 11b g 2 4 GHz The IEEE 802 11g standard provides higher speed communications than the IEEE 802 11b standard IEEE 802 11n 5 GHz 2 4 GHz On models compliant with the IEE...

Page 64: ...y vary depending on the following conditions Distance between communication devices Existence of obstacles between devices Device configuration Radio conditions Ambient environment that includes existence of walls and materials of such walls Software in use Communications may be cut off depending on radio conditions Actual communication speed may not be as fast as the one displayed on your compute...

Page 65: ...ser authentication using 802 1X and Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Data encryption protects the vulnerable wireless link between clients and access points Besides that there are other typical LAN security mechanisms to ensure privacy such as password protection end to end encryption virtual private networks and authentication WPA2 the second generation of WPA provides stronger data protect...

Page 66: ...anual that came with your access point To start wireless LAN communications 1 Make sure an access point is set up See the manual that came with your access point for more information 2 Turn on the WIRELESS switch 3 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Smart Network or click the VAIO Smart Network icon on the taskbar 4 Click the switch next to Wireless LAN to toggle it to On in the VAIO Smart Network ...

Page 67: ...ireless LAN Communications To stop wireless LAN communications Click the switch next to Wireless LAN to toggle it to Off in the VAIO Smart Network window Turning off the wireless LAN function while accessing remote documents files or resources may result in data loss ...

Page 68: ...nology has an authentication function which allows you to determine with whom you choose to communicate With the authentication function you can prevent any anonymous BLUETOOTH devices from accessing your computer The first time two BLUETOOTH devices communicate a common passkey a password required for authentication should be determined for both devices to be registered Once a device is registere...

Page 69: ...ing the BLUETOOTH Function Communicating with Another BLUETOOTH Device You can connect your computer to a BLUETOOTH device such as another computer a mobile phone a PDA a headset a mouse or a digital camera without the use of any cables ...

Page 70: ... BLUETOOTH function For information on setting up and using the BLUETOOTH function see Windows Help and Support 1 Turn on the WIRELESS switch 2 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Smart Network or click the VAIO Smart Network icon on the taskbar 3 Click the switch next to BLUETOOTH to toggle it to On in the VAIO Smart Network window Make sure the WIRELESS indicator light turns on ...

Page 71: ...UETOOTH Function Stopping BLUETOOTH Communications To stop BLUETOOTH communications 1 Turn off the BLUETOOTH device that is communicating with your computer 2 Click the switch next to BLUETOOTH to toggle it to Off in the VAIO Smart Network window ...

Page 72: ...ard and electromagnetic interference in the environment All BLUETOOTH devices must be certified to make sure that the applicable standard requirements are maintained Even if standards are met individual device performance specifications and operation procedures can vary Data exchange may not be possible in all situations Video and audio may not be synchronized if you play videos on your computer w...

Page 73: ... channel congestion resulting in poor performance of the devices This is normal with BLUETOOTH technology and does not indicate a malfunction High speed communications between your computer and BLUETOOTH devices are available when they are compliant with BLUETOOTH high speed technology For the high speed communications enable both the wireless LAN and BLUETOOTH functions on the computer See the sp...

Page 74: ...IO computer by using the various ports on the computer Connecting External Speakers or Headphones page 75 Connecting an External Display page 76 Selecting Display Modes page 82 Using the Multiple Monitors Function page 83 Connecting an External Microphone page 85 Connecting a USB Device page 86 ...

Page 75: ...nect external sound output devices not supplied such as speakers or headphones to your computer To connect external speakers Make sure your speakers are designed for computer use Turn down the volume of the speakers before you turn them on Connect external speakers 1 to the headphones jack 2 i with a speaker cable 3 not supplied ...

Page 76: ... external display such as a computer display or a projector to your computer To connect a computer display or a projector 1 Plug the power cord 1 of your external display or the projector into an AC outlet 2 Connect the external display or the projector to the monitor port 2 on the computer with a display cable 3 If necessary connect the headphones jack on the projector and the headphones jack 4 i...

Page 77: ...ed content connect an HDCP compliant monitor to your computer If your computer has a non compliant monitor connected you will not be able to play or view any copyright protected content If the external computer display is equipped with an HDMI input port plug one end of an HDMI cable into the HDMI output port on the computer and the other end into the HDMI input port on the computer display To con...

Page 78: ...e page 157 1 Plug the power cord of your TV 1 into an AC outlet 2 Plug one end of an HDMI cable 2 to the HDMI output port 3 on the computer and the other end to the TV 3 Switch the input channel of the TV to external input 4 Set up the TV configuration system If a device driver other than the one provided by Sony is used the image will not be displayed and the audio will not be heard Always use th...

Page 79: ...ile viewing 3D images See the manual that came with your 3D TV for detailed information on the 3D function 1 Follow the steps in To connect a TV to your computer page 78 for connecting your 3D TV to the computer with an HDMI cable and set up the TV configuration system On models with only the AMD Radeon Graphics or the Intel HD Graphics skip the following step 2 and go to step 3 2 On models with t...

Page 80: ... the 3D function and click Auto Detect You can change the screen resolution of your computer Click located at the lower right corner of the PowerDVD BD window and the menu item for changing the screen resolution See the help file included with the PowerDVD BD for more information 6 Insert Blu ray 3D Disc media into the optical disc drive ...

Page 81: ...e the device for sound output For detailed instructions see How do I change the sound output device page 157 1 Turn on the TV and set its input to the HDMI input 2 Turn on the home theater receiver or surround sound decoder device and set its input to the HDMI input 3 Plug one end of an HDMI cable to the HDMI input port on the home theater receiver or surround sound decoder device and the other en...

Page 82: ...ector at the same time depending on the type of your external display or projector Turn on the external display before turning on your computer To select a display mode with the Fn F7 keys You can select a display mode with the Fn F7 keys See Combinations and Functions with the Fn Key page 34 for more information To select a display mode from the display settings 1 Right click on the desktop and s...

Page 83: ...portions of your desktop across separate displays For example if you have an external display connected to your computer your computer screen and the external display can function as a single desktop You can move the cursor from one display to the other This allows you to drag objects such as an open application window or a toolbar from one display to the other ...

Page 84: ...re using the Multiple Monitors function or the computer may not return to Normal mode If you set different colors on each display do not expand a single window across two displays or your software may not work properly 1 Right click on the desktop and select Screen resolution 2 Click the drop down list next to Multiple Displays select Extend these displays and then click OK You can set the display...

Page 85: ...icrophone Connecting an External Microphone You can connect an external microphone not supplied to your computer To connect an external microphone Plug the microphone cable 1 into the microphone jack 2 m Make sure your microphone is designed for computer use ...

Page 86: ...necting a USB Device You can connect a Universal Serial Bus USB device such as a mouse a floppy disk drive a speaker or a printer to your computer To connect a USB device 1 Choose the USB port 1 you prefer to use 2 Plug the USB device cable 2 into the USB port ...

Page 87: ...n Be sure to use a USB printer compatible with your version of Windows to print documents For information on how to remove a USB device see the manual that came with the device To protect your computer and or USB devices from damage observe the following When moving the computer with USB devices connected avoid exposing the USB ports to shock or impact Do not put the computer into a bag or carryin...

Page 88: ... how to change the main settings of your VAIO computer Among other things you will learn how to use and customize the look of your Sony software and utilities Selecting Performance Modes page 89 Setting the Password page 90 Using the VAIO Control Center page 96 Using the VAIO Power Management page 97 ...

Page 89: ...pplication If you want to change the performance mode for specific software applications such as video and image software applications you can manually select the mode for each software application by following the steps below To play Blu ray Disc media on models with the Dynamic Hybrid Graphics System switch the performance mode of the PowerDVD BD to Power Saving To select a performance mode 1 Ri...

Page 90: ... computer User password Allows the standard users to change some of the BIOS setup options as well as to start the computer To set the user password you must first set the machine password Entry of the power on password will be prompted after the VAIO logo appears to start your computer If you forget the machine password the password needs to be reset and a fee will be charged To reset the passwor...

Page 91: ...Press the or key to select Security to display the Security tab select Set Machine Password and then press the Enter key 3 On the password entry screen enter the password twice and press the Enter key The password can be up to 32 alphanumeric characters long including spaces 4 Select Password when Power On under Security and press the Enter key 5 Change the setting from Disabled to Enabled 6 Press...

Page 92: ...he or key to select Exit select Exit Setup and then press the Enter key At the confirmation prompt press the Enter key To change or remove the power on password machine password 1 Turn on the computer and press the F2 key repeatedly until the VAIO logo disappears The BIOS setup screen appears If the screen does not appear restart the computer and try again 2 Enter the machine password and press th...

Page 93: ...r password and press the Enter key 3 Press the or key to select Security to display the Security tab select Set User Password and then press the Enter key 4 On the password entry screen enter the current password once and a new password twice and then press the Enter key To remove the password leave the Enter New Password and Confirm New Password fields blank and press the Enter key 5 Press the or...

Page 94: ...n the New password and Confirm new password fields enter the password for your account 6 Click Create password See Windows Help and Support for more information on the Windows password To change the Windows password 1 Click Start and Control Panel 2 Click User Accounts and Family Safety or User Accounts 3 Click User Accounts 4 Click Change your password 5 In the Current password field enter your c...

Page 95: ...e the Windows password 1 Click Start and Control Panel 2 Click User Accounts and Family Safety or User Accounts 3 Click User Accounts 4 Click Remove your password 5 In the Current password field enter the current password that you want to remove 6 Click Remove password ...

Page 96: ...havior To use the VAIO Control Center 1 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Control Center 2 Select your desired control item and change the settings 3 Once finished click OK The setting of the desired item is changed For more information about each option see the help file included with the VAIO Control Center Some of the control items will not be visible if you open the VAIO Control Center as a st...

Page 97: ...r a power status icon appears on the taskbar This icon indicates what kind of power source you are currently using Click this icon to display the window that shows your power status To select a power plan 1 Right click the power status icon on the taskbar and select Power Options 2 Select your desired power plan To change the power plan settings 1 Click Change plan settings on the right of your de...

Page 98: ...le You should not install it yourself if you are not familiar with upgrading memory on a computer You should not touch the connectors or open the memory module compartment cover For assistance contact an authorized Sony service support center To find the nearest center or agent see Finding More about Your VAIO Computer page 5 The type of module and the amount of memory installed on your computer m...

Page 99: ...ry module Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage electronic components Before touching a memory module ensure the following The procedures described in this document assume user familiarity with the general terminology associated with personal computers and with the safety practice and regulatory compliance requirements for using and modifying electronic equipment Turn off your computer and discon...

Page 100: ...er internal components of your computer will result in damage to the computer and any repair costs will not be covered by the warranty Do not place the memory module in a location subject to Heat sources such as radiators or air ducts Direct sunlight Excessive dust Mechanical vibration or shock Strong magnets or speakers that are not magnetically shielded Ambient temperature of more than 35 C or l...

Page 101: ...d disconnect all peripheral devices 2 Unplug the computer and remove the battery pack 3 Wait about an hour until the computer cools down 4 Remove the screw indicated by the arrow below on the bottom of the computer and remove the memory module compartment cover Be sure to keep the removed screw for future use 5 Touch a metal object to discharge static electricity ...

Page 102: ... the currently installed memory module as follows Pull the latches in the direction of the arrows 1 The memory module is released Make sure that the memory module tilts up and then pull it out in the direction of the arrow 2 7 Remove the new memory module from its packaging ...

Page 103: ... memory module be sure to use the lower slot Be sure to insert the connector edge of the memory module into the slot while aligning the notch on the module with the small projection in the open slot Do not force the memory module into the slot in a wrong orientation as it may cause damage to the slot and the module 9 Replace the memory module compartment cover 10 Tighten the screw on the bottom of...

Page 104: ...the amount of memory 1 Turn on the computer 2 Click Start All Programs and VAIO Control Center 3 Click System Information and System Information You can view the amount of system memory in the right pane If the additional memory does not appear repeat the installation procedure and restart the computer ...

Page 105: ... section may not be available on your computer Safety Information page 106 Care and Maintenance Information page 108 Handling Your Computer page 109 Handling the LCD Screen page 111 Using the Power Source page 112 Handling the Built in Camera page 113 Handling Discs page 114 Using the Battery Pack page 115 Handling Memory Stick page 116 Handling the Built in Storage Device page 117 ...

Page 106: ...mory Stick adaptors out of reach of children There is a risk of swallowing them Power Source Do not place the AC adapter in contact with your skin Remove the AC adapter away from your body if it becomes warm and causes discomfort Do not place heavy objects on the power cord or this could cause a fire To disconnect the power cord pull it out by holding the plug Never pull the cord itself Unplug you...

Page 107: ... period of time remove the battery pack from the computer to prevent damage to the battery pack If you have not used the battery pack for a considerable amount of time the remaining battery life may become short This is normal and does not indicate a malfunction The battery pack will gradually discharge over time even while not in use Connect the AC adapter to your computer and recharge the batter...

Page 108: ...surface could damage the screen Built in Camera Clean the area on and around the built in camera with a soft dry cloth Do not rub the area too hard as it can be easily scratched Discs Proper care of the disc is essential to its continuous reliability Do not use solvents such as benzine thinner alcohol commercially available cleaners or anti static spray which may cause damage to the disc For norma...

Page 109: ...bient temperature of more than 35 C or less than 5 C High humidity Do not place electronic equipment near your computer The electromagnetic field of the equipment may cause the computer to malfunction Your computer uses high frequency radio signals and may cause interference to radio or TV reception If this occurs move the computer a suitable distance away from the radio or TV Do not use cut or da...

Page 110: ...lid or lifting your computer The LCD screen may be sensitive to pressure or added stress and exerting pressure may damage the screen or cause it to malfunction To open the computer hold the base with one hand and gently lift the LCD screen lid with the other To carry the computer with the lid open be sure to hold the computer with both hands Use a carrying case specially designed to carry your com...

Page 111: ... residual image disappears after a while You can use a screen saver to prevent residual images The LCD screen becomes warm during operation This is normal and does not indicate a malfunction The LCD screen is manufactured using high precision technology You may however see tiny black points and or bright points red blue or green that continuously appear on the LCD screen This is a normal result of...

Page 112: ... as a photocopier or a shredder You can purchase a power strip with a surge protector This device helps prevent damage to your computer caused by sudden power surges in an electrical storm for example Use the AC adapter supplied with your computer or genuine Sony products Do not use any other AC adapter as it may cause a malfunction ...

Page 113: ... in Camera Do not scratch or soil the area on and around the built in camera as it may cause poor quality images Do not let the direct sunlight get into the lens of the built in camera regardless of your computer s power state as it may cause the camera to malfunction ...

Page 114: ...Fingerprints and dust on the surface of a disc may cause read errors Be sure to hold the disc by its edges and central hole as shown below Never affix an adhesive label to a disc This will affect the use of the disc and may result in irreparable damage ...

Page 115: ...ger charging time Do not charge the battery pack in any way other than as described in this user guide or as designated by Sony in writing While the battery pack is in use or being charged heat builds up in the battery pack This is normal and is not cause for concern You do not need to discharge the battery pack before recharging If the battery pack quickly runs out of power after being fully char...

Page 116: ...ry Stick dry Do not use or store Memory Stick in a location subject to Static electricity Electrical noise Extremely high temperatures such as in a car parked in the sun Direct sunlight High humidity Corrosive substances Use the storage case supplied with Memory Stick Be sure to make a backup copy of your valuable data When using Memory Stick Duo do not use a fine tipped pen to write on the label ...

Page 117: ...tored To prevent losing data you should be careful when handling your computer To avoid damaging your built in storage device Do not subject your computer to sudden movements Keep your computer away from magnets Do not place your computer in a location subject to mechanical vibration or in an unstable position Do not turn off the power or restart your computer while reading or writing data to the ...

Page 118: ...annot be solved and you need assistance visit the support web sites listed in Finding More about Your VAIO Computer page 5 Some features and options in this section may not be available on your computer Computer Operations page 120 System Update Security page 126 Recovery Recovery Media page 127 Partition page 128 Battery Pack page 129 Built in Camera page 131 Networking LAN Wireless LAN page 133 ...

Page 119: ...119 n N Troubleshooting Touch Pad page 154 Keyboard page 155 Floppy Disks page 156 Audio Video page 157 Memory Stick page 159 Peripherals page 160 ...

Page 120: ...r strip or UPS is plugged into a power source and turned on If you are using an external display make sure it is plugged into a power source and turned on Make sure the brightness and contrast controls are adjusted correctly See the manual that came with your display for more information Unplug the AC adapter and remove the battery pack Wait three to five minutes Reinstall the battery pack plug th...

Page 121: ...rt your computer If your computer does not restart press the Ctrl Alt Delete keys and click the arrow next to the Shut down button and Restart If the Windows Security window appears click Restart If this procedure does not work press and hold the power button for more than four seconds to shut down your computer Unplug the AC adapter and leave the computer for about five minutes Then plug the AC a...

Page 122: ...elete keys and click the Shut down button If the Windows Security window appears click Shut Down If this procedure does not work press and hold the power button until the computer turns off Turning off your computer with the Ctrl Alt Delete keys or the power button may cause loss of unsaved data Unplug the AC adapter and remove the battery pack Wait three to five minutes Reinstall the battery pack...

Page 123: ...t work press and hold the power button until the computer turns off Turning off your computer with the Ctrl Alt Delete keys or the power button may cause loss of unsaved data What should I do if the charge indicator light is blinking fast and my computer does not start This problem could be due to the battery pack not being installed properly To solve this problem turn off your computer and remove...

Page 124: ...hen restart your computer and enter the correct password The password is case sensitive so be sure to check letters for the current case before you enter the password What should I do if my game software does not work or it keeps crashing Check the web site of the game if there are any patches or updates to download Make sure you have installed the latest video driver software On some VAIO models ...

Page 125: ...M or m key to select your desired priority under Boot Priority and press the Enter key 4 Press the M or m key to select the device to which you want to assign the priority and press the Enter key 5 Press the or key to select Exit select Exit Setup and then press the Enter key At the confirmation prompt press the Enter key What should I do if I cannot boot my computer from the USB floppy disk drive...

Page 126: ... of Windows updates to my computer The Microsoft Windows operating system is preinstalled on your computer The best way to protect your computer against security threats such as viruses is to download and install the latest Windows updates regularly You can get important Windows updates by doing the following Your computer must be connected to the Internet to download the updates 1 Click Start and...

Page 127: ...stem from Recovery Media and from the recovery area See the Recovery Backup and Troubleshooting Guide for more information How can I reinstall the original software and drivers You can restore the preinstalled software and drivers using the VAIO Care page 32 See the help file included with the VAIO Care for more information How do I check the volume of the recovery area Your built in storage devic...

Page 128: ...ppears click Yes If you are currently logged onto your computer as a standard user you may be prompted to enter an administrator name and password 3 Right click the C drive and select Shrink Volume 4 Enter the size of the partition to be created in Enter the amount of space to shrink in MB and click Shrink 5 Right click Unallocated and select New Simple Volume 6 Follow the on screen instructions I...

Page 129: ...e the battery pack Recharge the battery pack when The battery pack is running out of power and both the charge and power indicator lights blink You have not used the battery pack for an extended period of time When should I replace the battery pack A message prompting you to replace the battery pack appears when the battery pack reaches the end of its life You can check the battery charge capacity...

Page 130: ... to extend the life of your battery pack on the VAIO Control Center Check the settings on the VAIO Control Center What should I do if a message appears notifying of either incompatibility or the improper installation of the battery pack and my computer then enters Hibernate mode This problem could be due to the battery pack not being installed properly To solve this problem turn off your computer ...

Page 131: ...en you are viewing a rapid moving object This is normal and does not indicate a malfunction If the problem persists restart your computer Why is the video input from the built in camera suspended for a few seconds The video input may be suspended for a few seconds if a shortcut key with the Fn key is used the CPU load increases This is normal and does not indicate a malfunction Why are captured im...

Page 132: ...the CPU performance See Selecting a Power Plan page 97 to check the current power plan What should I do if movie playback shows dropped frames while my computer is running on battery power The battery pack is running out of power Connect your computer to an AC outlet What should I do if captured images flicker This problem occurs when you use the camera under fluorescent lights due to a mismatch b...

Page 133: ...f the VAIO Smart Network icon is not displayed on the taskbar Click on the taskbar and check if the VAIO Smart Network icon is displayed If the VAIO Smart Network icon is not on the taskbar click Start All Programs and VAIO Smart Network and then change the setting to display the icon on the taskbar ...

Page 134: ...d Control Panel 2 Click View network status and tasks under Network and Internet 3 Click Connect to a network to confirm that your access point is selected Make sure the encryption key is correct Make sure Maximum Performance is selected for Wireless Adapter Settings in the Power Options window Selecting any other option may result in a communication failure To change the settings follow these ste...

Page 135: ...r speed slow The wireless LAN data transfer speed is affected by distance and obstructions between devices and access points Other factors include device configurations radio conditions and software compatibility To maximize the data transfer speed move your computer away from obstacles or closer to any access point you may be using If you are using a wireless LAN access point the device may be te...

Page 136: ...ption may result in a communication failure Follow the steps in What should I do if my computer cannot connect to a wireless LAN access point page 134 to change the settings What are channels Wireless LAN communication uses divided frequency bands known as channels Third party wireless LAN access point channels may be preset to different channels from Sony devices If you are using a wireless LAN a...

Page 137: ...t when the devices are within 10 meters of each other What should I do if I cannot find the BLUETOOTH device I want to communicate with Check that the BLUETOOTH function of the device you want to communicate with is on See the other device s manual for more information If the device you want to communicate with is already communicating with another BLUETOOTH device it may not be found or it may no...

Page 138: ...oftware in use Move your computer and BLUETOOTH devices closer to each other The 2 4 GHz band with which BLUETOOTH devices or wireless LAN devices work is used by various devices Although BLUETOOTH devices use the technology to minimize radio interference from other devices that use the same band such radio interference may cause slower communication speeds and shorter distances or communication f...

Page 139: ... with administrative rights Why can t I use the BLUETOOTH devices when I switch users If you switch users without logging off your system the BLUETOOTH devices will not work Be sure to log off before switching users To log off your system click Start the arrow next to the Shut down button and Log off Why can t I exchange business card data with a mobile phone The business card exchange function is...

Page 140: ...e loss of unsaved data 2 Remove the disc from the optical disc drive 3 Check the disc for dirt or damage If you need to clean the disc see Discs page 108 for instructions What should I do if the drive tray does not open Make sure your computer is in Normal mode Press the drive eject button If the drive eject button does not work click Start and Computer right click the optical disc drive icon and ...

Page 141: ...e keys may cause loss of unsaved data 2 Remove the disc from the optical disc drive 3 Check the disc for dirt or damage If you need to clean the disc see Discs page 108 for instructions If you are playing a disc and cannot hear sound do any of the following The volume may have been turned off by the Fn F2 keys Press them once again The volume may have been minimized by the Fn F3 keys Keep pressing...

Page 142: ...r computer 6 Double click your desired drive You can confirm the driver software by selecting the Driver tab and clicking Driver Details 7 Click OK to close the window Make sure an adhesive label is not affixed to a disc Adhesive labels can come off while the disc is in the optical disc drive and damage the drive or cause it to malfunction If a region code warning appears the disc may be incompati...

Page 143: ...tent normally download and install the latest updates for Blu ray Disc playback software using the VAIO Update For information on how to use the VAIO Update see Updating Your Computer page 30 What should I do if I cannot write data to CD media Make sure you neither launch any software application nor allow any to launch automatically not even a screen saver If you are using a CD R RW disc with an ...

Page 144: ...D R Disc media are not rewritable You cannot add or erase data to or from the BD R Disc media What should I do if my external optical disc drive does not work properly Make sure that your external optical disc drive is connected to an AC power source and the USB port on your computer If it is not connected the external optical disc drive may not work properly ...

Page 145: ...g the Power Saving Modes page 27 for more information Make sure your computer is securely plugged into a power source and turned on and the power indicator light is lit If your computer is running on battery power make sure the battery pack is installed properly and is charged See Using the Battery Pack page 19 for more information If the display output is directed to the external display press th...

Page 146: ...en saver before starting DVD playback If the screen saver is enabled it may be activated during DVD playback and prevent the playback from running successfully Some screen savers have been found to even change the display resolution and colors What should I do if some items do not fit on the computer screen Check that the text size is set to 100 If not some items for example a software menu may no...

Page 147: ...VD BD window See the help file included with the PowerDVD BD for more information If the computer is connected to your 3D TV through an AV amplifier make sure the AV amplifier supports 3D playback Check the HDMI output resolution settings on the computer If the resolution is not set to 1920 x 1080 or 1280 x 720 images are not displayed in 3D You should also see the manual that came with your 3D TV...

Page 148: ...e resolution of the LCD screen To change the screen resolution follow these steps 1 Right click on the desktop and select Screen resolution 2 Click the drop down list next to Resolution 3 Move the slider up to increase or down to decrease the screen resolution You can check the total amount of the graphics and video memory available Right click on the desktop select Screen resolution and click Adv...

Page 149: ...lay and Automatic Brightness Settings 3 Click to cancel the Adjust brightness automatically check box 4 Click OK What should I do if the external display remains blank Press the Fn F7 keys to change the display output See Combinations and Functions with the Fn Key page 34 for more information How do I run Windows Aero To run Windows Aero follow these steps 1 Right click on the desktop and select P...

Page 150: ...er for more information If your printer is not functioning after your computer resumes from a power saving mode Sleep or Hibernate then restart the computer If the bidirectional communication functions are provided with your printer disabling the functions on your computer may enable printing Follow these steps 1 Click Start and Devices and Printers 2 Right click the printer icon and select Proper...

Page 151: ...nput device follow these steps 1 Close all open programs 2 Click Start and Control Panel 3 Click Hardware and Sound 4 Click Manage audio devices under Sound 5 On the Recording tab select your desired device for sound input and click Set Default How can I prevent microphone feedback Microphone feedback occurs when the microphone receives the sound from a sound output device such as a speaker To pre...

Page 152: ...icking the volume icon on the taskbar Your sound output device may have been incorrectly configured To change the sound output device see How do I change the sound output device page 157 Why is sound from the built in speakers distorted Depending on the Dolby playback mode sound from the built in speakers may be distorted during playback with the volume level close to the maximum In such a case fo...

Page 153: ...roperly connected and the volume is turned up loud enough to hear sound Make sure your speakers are designed for computer use If your speakers have a muting button set the button to off If your speakers require external power make sure the speakers are connected to a power source See the manual that came with your speakers for more information Check the Windows volume controls by clicking the volu...

Page 154: ...ys do not work press the Windows key once and then the key several times select Restart with the M or m key and press the Enter key to restart your computer If your computer does not restart press the Ctrl Alt Delete keys select the arrow next to the Shut down button with the m and keys press the Enter key select Restart with the M or m key and press the Enter key to restart your computer If this ...

Page 155: ... on the Keyboards and Languages tab 4 Change the settings as desired What should I do if I cannot enter certain characters with the keyboard On models without the numeric keypad if you cannot enter U I O P J K L M and so on the Num Lk key may be activated Check that the Num lock indicator light is unlit If the Num lock indicator is lit press the Fn Num Lk keys to turn it off before entering these ...

Page 156: ...y disk drive 2 Wait until the indicator light on the floppy disk drive turns off 3 Push the eject button to remove the disk and unplug the USB floppy disk drive from your computer 4 Reconnect the floppy disk drive by plugging the USB cable into the USB port 5 Restart the computer by clicking Start the arrow next to the Shut down button and Restart What should I do if I cannot write data to a flopp...

Page 157: ...e Play Windows Startup sound check box 5 Click OK How do I change the sound output device If you do not hear sound from the device connected to a port such as the USB port HDMI output port optical output port or headphones jack you need to change the device for sound output 1 Close all open programs 2 Click Start and Control Panel 3 Click Hardware and Sound 4 Click Manage audio devices under Sound...

Page 158: ...How do I change the sound output device page 157 2 On the Playback tab select the HDMI or S PDIF icon and click Properties 3 Click the Advanced tab 4 Select the sample rate and bit depth for example 48000 Hz 16 bit which the device supports 5 Click OK Why do sound interruptions and or dropped frames occur when I play high definition videos such as those recorded with the AVCHD digital video camcor...

Page 159: ...es you want to keep 1 Copy the data from Memory Stick onto your built in storage device to save data or images 2 Format Memory Stick by following the steps in Formatting Memory Stick page 54 Can I copy images from a digital camera using Memory Stick Yes and you can view video clips that you have recorded with digital cameras that are compatible with Memory Stick Why can t I write data to Memory St...

Page 160: ...let Try using another USB port on your computer The driver software could be installed to the specific port you used the first time you connected the device See the manual that came with your USB device for more information You may need to install software before you connect the device Try connecting a simple low powered device such as a mouse to test if the port is working at all USB hubs may pre...

Page 161: ...Blu ray 3D logo are trademarks of the Blu ray Disc Association The BLUETOOTH word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc and any use of such marks by Sony Corporation is under license Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners Roxio Easy Media Creator is a trademark of Sonic Solutions WinDVD is trademark of Corel Inc PowerDVD is trademark of ...

Page 162: ... LLC CompactFlash is a trademark of SanDisk Corporation PlaceEngine is a registered trademark of Koozyt Inc PlaceEngine was developed by Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc and is licensed by Koozyt Inc AVCHD is a trademark of Panasonic Corporation and Sony Corporation All other names of systems products and services are trademarks of their respective owners In the manual the or marks are not s...

Page 163: ...s manual the software or other information contained herein or the use thereof In the manual the or marks are not specified Sony Corporation reserves the right to make any modification to this manual or the information contained herein at any time without notice The software described herein is governed by the terms of a separate user license agreement Sony Corporation is not liable and will not c...

Page 164: ... 2011 Sony Corporation n ...

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