Packard Bell PocketGear 2002 Reference Manual Download

Page: 1 / 76

O C K E T

P C

2 0 0 2

R E F E R E N C E G U I D E

Summary of Contents for PocketGear 2002

Page 1: ...POCKET PC 2002 R E F E R E N C E G U I D E ...

Page 2: ...g Microsoft Pocket Outlook Calendar Contacts Tasks Notes and Inbox Chapter 4 Use the Companion Programs includes information on using Pocket Word Pocket Excel MSN Messenger Windows Media Player for Pocket PC and Microsoft Reader Chapter 5 Use Pocket Internet Explorer provides information and procedures for using Pocket Internet Explorer Mobile Favourites folder and AvantGo interactive service Chap...

Page 3: ... 10 Using the Summary Screen 3 3 Navigation Bar Screen 11 Creating Meeting Requests 3 3 Install ActiveSync 12 Schedule a meeting 3 4 Using an SD or MMC Card 15 Contacts Tracking Friends and Colleagues 3 4 Access Pocket PC Functions 15 Creating a Contact 3 4 Get Help 16 Finding a contact 3 5 Pocket PC Care 17 Using the Summary Screen 3 6 Tasks Keeping a To Do List 3 6 2 Learn the Basics Creating a ...

Page 4: ...s Folder 5 3 Favourite Links 5 3 Mobile Favourites 5 3 Creating a Mobile Favourite 5 3 Saving Pocket PC Memory 5 4 AvantGo Channels 5 4 Sign up for AvantGo 5 4 Get Connected Transfer Items Using Infrared 6 2 Send Information 6 2 Receive Information 6 3 Connect to the Internet 6 3 Create a Modem Connection to Your ISP 6 3 Create an Ethernet connection to an ISP 6 4 Connect to Work 6 5 Create a Mode...

Page 5: ...r Pocket PC Get to Know Your Pocket PC Before You Start Charge the Battery Calibrate and Activate the Pocket PC Learn the Basics Install ActiveSync Using a Secure Digital Card Access Pocket PC Functions Get Help Pocket PC Care ...

Page 6: ...Touch screen backlighting levels are adjustable Pocket PC includes a stylus in a storage compartment Pocket PC AC Adapter with European or UK Converter The Pocket PC includes an infrared IR port and Secure Digital SD MultiMediaCard MMC card slot You can use the IR port to transfer data between other handheld devices with IR capabilities or your computer The SD MMC card slot can be used to expand m...

Page 7: ... or programs The buttons are customisable Pocket PC Front Features Microphone records your notes Navigation Buttons use the four buttons as arrow keys the same as you would for a keyboard s up down left and right arrow keys Speaker sounds alarms and plays back sound recordings Battery Charging LED lights amber while the battery is charging The light goes off when the battery is charged Notificatio...

Page 8: ...low the figure Pocket PC Back Features Pocket PC Right Side Features A Hard Reset Switch A Headset Jack Always leave the switch in the ON down position unless you need to perform a hard reset A hard reset will cause the memory of your Pocket PC to be cleared Headset Jack Use this standard 3 5 mm port to connect an optional headset Hard Reset Switch restores your Pocket PC to factory settings see H...

Page 9: ...emory to your Pocket PC or expand the capabilities of your Pocket PC Power Button turns power on and off Turn the backlight off by pressing and holding A Scroll Dial C Reset Button B Recording Button Stylus use to tap or write on the screen Slide the stylus out of its storage compartment on your Pocket PC Scroll Dial use to scroll through a menu and to select a program Recording Button records sou...

Page 10: ...ollow the figure Pocket PC Cradle Features A USB Connector B Power Connector C Pocket PC Connector A Cradle Connector B Power Connector Cradle Connector connect the cradle to this connector Use the cradle to charge the battery and to synchronise the Pocket PC with your computer Power Connector connect the AC adapter to this connector if you are not using the cradle USB Connector connect to the USB...

Page 11: ...he power remaining indicator on your Pocket PC Tap Start Settings the System tab and Power to see the indicator Use the Pocket PC cradle and AC adapter to charge the battery You can also directly charge the Pocket PC using the AC adapter Note Before using your Pocket PC for the first time you need to charge and calibrate the battery Charge the battery as follows 1 You may need to connect the appro...

Page 12: ...necessary for the battery calibration to complete and thus ensure the best performance of the battery Should your Pocket PC indicate a low battery level just after it has been fully charged please repeat the battery calibration procedure Now calibrate and activate your Pocket PC see Calibrate and Activate the Pocket PC in the following section Calibration must be done to ensure proper operation of...

Page 13: ...t have to do this several times to properly calibrate Your actions in these basic screens are controlled with the stylus The stylus is used as follows 4 On completion of the screen calibration follow the screen prompts to complete the activation Tap touch the screen once with the stylus to open programs and select options In the Stylus screen tap Next to continue Drag hold the stylus on the screen...

Page 14: ...d with your computer keyboard 6 If you make a mistake and need to remove a letter s or remove a word s you can correct minor mistakes by placing the cursor after the letter or letters to be deleted and pressing the backspace arrow on the keyboard to delete the letter or letters highlight a whole word s with the stylus and pressing and holding the stylus on the word s A pop up menu gives options to...

Page 15: ...also use the navigation buttons on the front or the scroll dial on the side of the Pocket PC to scroll up or down then open the highlighted program by pressing the dial Typical Navigation Bar Screen You can also input information by writing data on the screen Tap the triangle in the lower right corner of the screen and tap Block Recognizer Letter Recognizer or Transcriber For information on using ...

Page 16: ...ngs Find Tap Find to find data in your Pocket PC Help Tap Help to see the Help Contents For example Keep Microsoft Pocket Outlook data up to date by synchronising your Pocket PC with Microsoft Outlook data on your computer Synchronise Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel files between your Pocket PC and computer Your files are automatically converted to the correct format Note By default ActiveSync ...

Page 17: ...before installing ActiveSync 3 5 If you have not installed Outlook install it now Click on Install Outlook 2000 and follow the prompts Return to the Start Here menu when done On completion of synchronisation you can either remove the Pocket PC from the cradle or leave it in with AC power connected Press the power button on the Pocket PC and check your Calendar tap the Calendar program button or ta...

Page 18: ...ation To set the synchronisation type tap Tools on the ActiveSync screen Connect via IR or Options then USB Sync A Pocket PC D AC Adapter B Cradle E USB Connector C USB Cable F Computer For further information on using Pocket PC ActiveSync tap in the Today screen and tap Help in the Navigation Bar screen In the Help screen tap Connections and tap Set Up Remote Synchronisation or tap Start and Stop...

Page 19: ... Start ActiveSync and tap Sync or Tools Align Screen Tap Start Settings tap the System tab and tap Screen Backlight Settings Tap Start Settings tap the System tab and tap Backlight Accessing Pocket PC Functions Icon Function Access Battery Status Tap Start Settings tap the System tab and tap Power Buttons Front Tap Start Settings and Buttons Calendar Press the Calendar program button on the front ...

Page 20: ...System tab and tap Regional Settings Settings Connections Tap Start Settings and tap the Connections tab Select AvantGo Connect Beam Connections or Network Adapters Settings Personal Tap Start Settings and tap the Personal tab Select Buttons Input Menus Owner Information Password Sounds Notifications or Today Settings System Tap Start Settings and tap the System tab Select About Backlight Clock Me...

Page 21: ...in ActivcSync in the search box Help Resources Item Resource Pocket Word Excel Reader Outlook Inbox Calendar Contacts Tasks Notes Windows Media Player Internet Explorer Microsoft Pocket PC Features http www pocketpc com and choose Pocket PC in the menu Software and Hardware Resources Pocket PC Magazine http www ppcmag com Clean your Pocket PC with a soft clean slightly damp almost dry cloth Use on...

Page 22: ... Pop up Menus Notifications Enter Information Enter Text with the Input Panel Write on the Screen Draw on the Screen Record a Message Use a Preset or Frequently Used Message Find and Organise Information Customise Your Pocket PC ...

Page 23: ...e action you want to perform To close the menu without performing an action tap outside the menu A message box appears on the screen A sound is played you can specify the type of sound A light flashes on the Pocket PC To select reminder types and sounds tap and Settings In Settings tap Sounds Notifications Make your choices and tap when done Keep in mind that what you choose applies throughout you...

Page 24: ...cognizer Block Recognizer or Transcriber Whatever you choose the characters appear as typed text on the screen Using the Soft Keyboard To show or hide the input panel tap the Input Panel button Tap the arrow next to the Input Panel button to see your options Selecting the Input Panel Using the Soft Keyboard Use the soft keyboard to enter words as follows To demonstrate open Notes Note To change wo...

Page 25: ...g Block Recognizer tap the question mark next to the writing area Using Transcriber With Transcriber you can use the stylus to write anywhere on the screen just as you would on paper Unlike Letter Recognizer and Block Recognizer you can write a sentence or additional information Pause after writing and let Transcriber change the written characters to typed characters Use these steps to write with ...

Page 26: ...tton to switch to the writing mode The screen displays blank space with lines to help you write 3 Write your message on the screen see the following figure Note Some programs that accept writing might not have the Pen button See the documentation that may come with some programs to find out how to switch to the writing mode Editing Your Text If you want to edit or format typed text you must first ...

Page 27: ...vert certain words select them before going to the next step Selecting and Converting Your Writing Editing Your Writing If you want to edit or format your writing you must first select the writing then edit it Do this as follows 1 Tap and hold the stylus next to the writing you want to select until the insertion point appears 2 Without lifting the stylus drag it across the writing you want to sele...

Page 28: ...in and end 3 Tap the word you want to use or tap the writing at the top of the menu to return to the original writing Hyphenated words foreign words that use special characters such as accents and some punctuation cannot be converted If you add writing to a word to change it such as changing a 3 to an 8 after you attempt to recognise the word the writing you add will not be included if you attempt...

Page 29: ... add a recording to an e mail message Create a recorded message in the Notes program as follows Recording in other programs is similar 1 Hold the Pocket PC microphone near your mouth or other source of sound Note You might want to change the zoom level to more easily work on or view your drawing Tap Tools and tap a zoom level 2 Press and hold the Record button on your Pocket PC until you hear a be...

Page 30: ...the text entry area To insert a message tap My Text and tap a message Note You can add text after inserting a My Text message However you have to add it before sending the message Using a Preset Message To edit a My Text message tap Edit in the Tools menu and tap My Text Messages Select the message you want to edit and make the desired changes Learn the Basics 2 9 ...

Page 31: ...he text you want to find select a data type and tap Go to start the search Note To quickly find information that is taking up storage space on your Pocket PC tap Larger than 64 KB in Type Use these steps to find files and to organise your information with File Explorer 1 On the menu tap Programs and tap File Explorer 2 Move files by tapping and holding the item you want to move and tapping Cut or ...

Page 32: ... 4 Connect your Pocket PC and computer Power maximise battery life 5 Double click on the exe file Today customise the look and the information that is displayed on the Today screen If the file is an installer the installation wizard begins Follow the directions on the screen Once the software has been installed on your computer the installer automatically transfers the software to your Pocket PC A...

Page 33: ...r documentation that comes with the program Many programs provide special installation instructions 1 Determine your Pocket PC and processor type so that you know which version of the software to install Tap and Settings On the System tab tap About In the Version tab make a note of the information in Processor Note To use the Internet you need to be connected through an optional IR modem SD modem ...

Page 34: ...3 Use Microsoft Pocket Outlook Calendar Contacts Tasks Notes Inbox ...

Page 35: ...s by tapping them on the menu Calendar Scheduling Appointments and Meetings Use Calendar to schedule appointments including meetings and other events You can check your appointments in one of several views Agenda Day Week Month and Year and easily switch views by using the View menu 2 Tap New Tap the up arrow and select an input device keyboard letter recognizer Note You can customise the Calendar...

Page 36: ...ed tap OK to return to the calendar You can use Calendar to set up meetings with users of Outlook or Pocket Outlook The meeting request is created automatically and sent either when you synchronise Inbox or when you connect to your e mail server Indicate how you want meeting requests sent by tapping Tools and tapping Options If you send and receive e mail messages through ActiveSync select ActiveS...

Page 37: ...ur friends and colleagues so that you can easily find the information you are looking for whether you are at home or on the road Using your infrared IR port you can quickly share Contacts information with other device users with IR capabilities Creating a Contact Note To change the way information is displayed in the list tap Tools and tap Options Create a contact as follows 1 Tap New 2 Using the ...

Page 38: ...n select All Contacts To view a contact not assigned to a category select None To view the names of companies your contacts work for in the contact list tap View By Company The number of contacts that work for that company are displayed to the right of the company name Tap Find enter the contact name select Contacts for the type and tap Go 4 To add notes tap the Notes tab You can enter text draw o...

Page 39: ...ntact list a summary screen is displayed To change the contact information tap Edit Use Tasks to keep track of what you have to do Tasks Screen Contacts Summary Screen Note To change the way information is displayed in the list tap Tools and tap Options Use Microsoft Pocket Outlook 3 6 ...

Page 40: ...u can display tasks by category 1 Tap New 2 Using the input panel keyboard enter a description 5 To add notes tap the Notes tab You can enter text draw or create a recording For more information on creating notes see Notes Capturing Thoughts and Ideas later in this chapter Tasks Input Panel 6 When finished tap to return to the task list Note To quickly create a task with only a subject tap Entry B...

Page 41: ...d recording For more information about using the input panel writing and drawing on the screen and creating recordings see Chapter 2 Quickly capture thoughts reminders ideas drawings and phone numbers with Notes You can create a written note or a recording You can also include a recording in a note If a note is open when you create the recording it is included in the note as an icon If the note li...

Page 42: ...veSync For information on enabling Inbox synchronisation please refer to ActiveSync Help on the computer During synchronisation Messages are copied from the mail folders of Exchange or Outlook on your computer to the ActiveSync folder in Inbox on your Pocket PC By default you receive messages from the past three days only the first 100 lines of each message and file attachments of less than 100 KB...

Page 43: ...e sent and messages that have been deleted on the e mail server are removed from the Pocket PC Inbox folder Inbox Message List Screen Messages that you receive directly from an e mail server are linked to your e mail server rather than your computer When you delete a message on your Pocket PC it is also deleted from the e mail server the next time you connect based on the settings you selected in ...

Page 44: ...ge To enter preset or frequently used messages tap My Text and select a message 4 Tap Send when you have finished the message If you are working offline the message is moved to the Outbox folder and is sent the next time you connect When you connect to your e mail server or synchronise with your computer by default you will receive messages from the last three days only the first 100 lines of each...

Page 45: ...is broken between the messages on the Pocket PC and their copies on the mail server The next time you connect the mail server sees that the messages are missing from the device Inbox and deletes them from the server This prevents you from having duplicate copies of a message but it also means that you no longer have access to messages that you move to folders created from anywhere except the Pocke...

Page 46: ...4 Use Companion Programs Pocket Word Pocket Excel MSN Messenger Windows Media Player for Pocket PC Microsoft Reader ...

Page 47: ...for new documents in the Options dialogue box that template appears with appropriate text and formatting already provided You can open only one document at a time When you open a second document you will be asked to save the first You can save a document you create or edit in a variety of formats including Word doc Pocket Word psw Rich Text Format rtf and Plain Text txt Note You can change the zoo...

Page 48: ...ormat existing text and to edit text first select the text You can select text as you do in a Word document using your stylus instead of the mouse to drag through the text you want to select You can search a document to find text by tapping Edit and tapping Find Replace Pocket Word Writing Screen Pocket Word Document Note If you cross three ruled lines in a single stylus stroke the writing becomes...

Page 49: ...Synchronise workbooks between your computer and your Pocket PC so that you have the most up to date content in both locations Use Pocket Excel to create workbooks such as expense reports and mileage logs To create a new file tap Programs Pocket Excel and New A blank workbook appears Or if you have selected a template for new workbooks in the Options dialogue box that template appears with appropri...

Page 50: ...n you want to hide Then tap Format tap Row or Column and tap Hide To show a hidden row or column tap Tools tap Go To and then type a reference that is in the hidden row or column When done tap Format tap Row or Column and tap Unhide For more information on using Pocket Excel tap and Note If your workbook contains sensitive information you can protect it with a password To do so open the workbook t...

Page 51: ... either a Microsoft Passport or a Microsoft Exchange account you can set up your account To switch to MSN Messenger tap Programs and MSN Messenger Note Sign up for a Microsoft Passport account at www passport com Get a free Microsoft Hotmail e mail address at www hotmail com Setting Up Before you can connect you must enter Passport or Exchange account information Set up an account and sign in as f...

Page 52: ...he screen or tap My Text to enter a preset message and tap Send To invite another contact to a multi user chat in the Tools menu tap Invite and tap the contact you want to invite MSN Messenger Response Screen MSN Messenger Chat Screen Note To switch back to the main window without closing a chat tap Contacts To revert back to your chat window tap Chats and select the person whom you were chatting ...

Page 53: ... The books appear in the Reader Library where you can tap them in the list to open them Note Before you can use Microsoft Reader you must activate it from the Microsoft activation site http das microsoft com activate Follow the instructions provided on the Microsoft Web site Each book consists of a cover page an optional table of contents and the pages of the book You can Page through the book by ...

Page 54: ... home page The home page displays a list of all books stored on your Pocket PC or storage card To open the Library on the Reader command bar tap Library on a book page tap the book title and tap Library on the pop up menu To open a book tap its title in the Library list Reading a Book Each book consists of a cover page an optional table of contents and the pages of the book Navigation options are ...

Page 55: ...mputer you can download it again at any time Search for Text Find text in a book by tapping Find on the pop up menu Enter the word you want to search for and tap the desired Find option Reader highlights found text on the page To close Find tap outside the box To return to your original page tap the title and then tap Return on the pop up menu To see a list of a book s annotations including bookma...

Page 56: ...5 Use Pocket Internet Explorer Pocket Internet Explorer Mobile Favourites Folder AvantGo Channels ...

Page 57: ... You will first need to create the connection as described in Chapter 6 When connected to an ISP or network you can also download files and programs from the Internet or intranet To switch to Pocket Internet Explorer tap and Internet Explorer Pocket Internet Explorer You can use Pocket Internet Explorer to browse mobile favourites and channels that have been downloaded to your Pocket PC without co...

Page 58: ...our Pocket PC and you need to connect to your ISP or network to view the content For more information on synchronisation see ActiveSync Help on the computer Mobile Favourites If you are using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or later on your computer you can download mobile favourites to your Pocket PC Synchronising mobile favourites downloads Web content to your device so that you can view pages w...

Page 59: ... the Mobile Favorites information type or to stop some mobile favorites from being downloaded to your Pocket PC For more information see ActiveSync Help Limit the number of downloaded linked pages In Internet Explorer on the computer right click on the mobile favourite you want to change and click on Properties In the Download tab specify 0 or 1 for the number of linked pages you want to download ...

Page 60: ...6 Get Connected Transfer Items Using Infrared Connect to the Internet Connect to Work End a Connection Connect Directly to an E mail Server Get Help on Connecting ...

Page 61: ...ocket PC Your service provider should provide software needed to install other services such as paging and fax services If this is the method you want to use see Connect to the Internet later in this chapter Connect to the network at your company or organisation where you work Once connected you can send and receive e mail messages by using Inbox view Web or WAP pages by using Pocket Internet Expl...

Page 62: ...ns Under The Internet settings select Internet Settings and tap Modify Receive Information Receive information as follows 4 In the Modem tab tap New 5 Enter a name for the connection such as ISP Connection 1 Align the IR ports on the two devices so that they are unobstructed and within 5 to 50 centimetres apart Modifying Internet settings 2 Have the owner of the other device send the information t...

Page 63: ...ctions From the My network card connects to list select Internet 10 In the Dialling Locations tab specify your current location and phone type most phone lines are tone These settings apply to all connections you create Modifying Internet settings 11 To start the connection start using one of the following programs Your Pocket PC automatically begins connecting Once connected you can Send and rece...

Page 64: ...ion to a Network Create your modem connection to a network as follows 5 Enter a name for the connection such as Company Connection 6 In the Select a Modem list select your modem type If your modem type does not appear try reinstalling the modem card 1 Get the following information from your network administrator dial up access telephone number 7 You should not need to change any settings in Advanc...

Page 65: ...et Connection to a Network Create an Ethernet connection to a network as follows End a Connection 1 You do not need to create a new connection on your Pocket PC You need an optional SD network card for your Pocket PC To end a connection do one of the following When connected via dial up or VPN tap the Connection icon on the navigation bar and tap End 2 Get a user name password and domain name from...

Page 66: ...ssing ActiveSync Help on your computer Get Help on Connecting If you require help on using E mail Setup tap When finished tap Services and Connect to connect to your e mail server For more information on using the Inbox program see Inbox Sending and Receiving E mail Messages in Chapter 4 You can use multiple e mail services to receive your messages For each e mail service you intend to use first s...

Page 67: ...7 If You Have Problems Problem Solving Hard Reset Help Resources ...

Page 68: ...he battery 2 Soft reset the Pocket PC If possible save your data then use the stylus to press and hold in the reset button for several seconds Problem Solving Problem What to Do Unit stops responding or locks up 1 Soft reset the Pocket PC If possible save your data then use the stylus to press and hold in the reset button for several seconds 2 Recharge the battery 3 Hard reset to factory settings ...

Page 69: ...elp on the Web http www pocketpc com and type in ActivcSync in the search box Pocket Word Excel Reader Outlook Inbox Calendar Contacts Tasks Notes Windows Media Player Internet Explorer Microsoft Pocket PC Features http www pocketpc com and choose Pocket PC in the menu If the problem you are experiencing cannot be solved you might want to try the following help resources Help Resources Save your d...

Page 70: ...8 Specifications System Physical Environment ...

Page 71: ...al Front lighting Soft keyboard Automatic mode Block recognizer Power Letter recognizer AC Adapter Transcriber Input Voltage 100 to 240 volts AC 50 or 60 Hz 64 megabytes MB RAM Flash Memory Output Voltage 5 0 volts 1 0 amp 35 5MB available as RAM Battery One rechargeable Lithium Ion Li Ion 900 mAh battery included 28 5MB reserved for software image and data backup 22 5MB ROM 6MB RAM Power Manageme...

Page 72: ...onverters USB cradle Physical Specifications Dimensions approximate 4 52 in h x 2 87 in w x 0 41 in d 115 mm h x 73 mm w x 10 5 mm d Weight approximate 4 23 oz with battery 120 grams with battery Environment Specifications Operating Environment Temperature 32º to 104ºF 0º to 40ºC Humidity 20 to 90 Non condensing Storage Environment Temperature 14º to 140ºF 10º to 60ºC Humidity 20 to 90 Non condens...

Page 73: ...help 6 7 connecting to network 6 6 Connection Basics direct to e mail server 6 6 entering information 2 2 F end 6 6 input panel 2 3 Features Connectors Navigation Bar 1 11 back 1 4 Cradle power 1 6 notifications 2 2 bottom 1 6 cradle to Pocket PC 1 6 pop up menus 2 2 cradle 1 6 Pocket PC power 1 6 screens 1 9 external 1 2 Pocket PC to cradle 1 6 Today screen 1 10 front 1 3 USB 1 6 Battery general ...

Page 74: ...ers 3 12 Memory 1 2 sending and receiving e mail 3 9 RAM 8 2 O synchronizing e mail 3 9 ROM 8 2 using message list 3 10 Operating system 1 2 Message Information frequently used 2 9 entering 2 2 P preset 2 9 finding 2 10 sound recording 2 8 Pocket Excel organizing 2 10 Microphone features 4 4 Input panel location 1 3 tips for using 4 5 entering text 2 3 Microsoft Reader Pocket Internet Explorer usi...

Page 75: ...9 1 11 Today 1 9 1 10 Scroll dial location 1 5 Secure Digital card slot location 1 5 Secure Digital card 8 2 using 1 15 Speaker 1 3 8 2 Specifications card slots 8 2 CPU 8 2 cradle 8 2 display 8 2 environment 8 3 front lighting 8 2 I O ports 8 2 infrared IR port 8 2 memory 8 2 operating environment 8 3 physical 8 3 speaker 8 2 storage environment 8 3 system 8 2 weight 8 3 Start menu adding program...

Page 76: ... Corporation All other product brand or trade names used in this publication are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners Copyright 2002 NEC Computers International B V Regulatory Information European Notice Products with the CE marking comply with both the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89 336 EEC and the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC as amended by D...

Search results

Summary of Contents for PocketGear 2002

Reviews:

Related manuals for PocketGear 2002

Brands by name

Popular brands

Packard Bell PocketGear 2002, Reference Manual

Search results

Summary of Contents for PocketGear 2002

Reviews:

Related manuals for PocketGear 2002

Brands by name

Popular brands