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Digital Media Guide

Portable digital media for computers, digital cameras, and other devices

kingston.com/flash

Kingston

®

, the world’s leading independent manufacturer of memory products, sells a

broad range of flash cards and USB flash drives (collectively called flash storage

devices) that employ flash memory chips for storage as well as ultra-portable PC Card

hard drives. This Digital Media Technical Guide’s purpose is to explain the various

technologies and digital media offerings that are available.

C O M M I T T E D TO M E M O R Y

Note: Due to flash technology changes, specifications listed in this document are
subject to change without notice

.

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Summary of Contents for Digital Media Guide

Page 1: ...USB flash drives collectively called flash storage devices that employ flash memory chips for storage as well as ultra portable PC Card hard drives This Digital Media Technical Guide s purpose is to explain the various technologies and digital media offerings that are available C O M M I T T E D TO M E M O R Y Note Due to flash technology changes specifications listed in this document are subject ...

Page 2: ...disk drives Networking and communication products Wireless communication devices Retail management products Medical products e g handheld scanners Flash Card or USB Flash Drive Capacity Some of a flash storage device s listed capacity is used for formatting and other functions and thus is not available for data storage When a flash storage device is manufactured steps are taken to ensure that the ...

Page 3: ...cts Kingston s flash storage devices offer many advantages for both consumer and industrial applications Flash Storage DeviceWarranty Kingston warrants that its flash storage devices are free from defects in material and workmanship for the period specified below CF SD SM MMC Flash Cards Lifetime DataTraveler USB Flash Drives 5 years For further details see kingston com company warranty asp Digita...

Page 4: ...onsumer applications from storing documents to digital photos For example if a 256MB MLC NAND Flash based card can typically store 250 pictures from a 4 megapixel camera a conservative estimate its 10 000 write erase cycles combined with wear leveling algorithms in the controller will enable the user to store and or view approximately 2 5 million pictures within the expected useful life of the car...

Page 5: ...ta flash memory is non volatile and does not require power to maintain its data Flash memory s low power consumption results in longer battery life for the host device Plug and Play Support Kingston s flash memory line supports plug and play With plug and play technology and compatible computer operating systems a flash storage device can be inserted into a computer or a flash media reader and be ...

Page 6: ...without having to access the memory in sequential mode Unlike NAND Flash NOR Flash allows the retrieval of data as small as a single byte NOR Flash excels in applications where data is randomly retrieved or written NOR is most often found built into cellular phones and PDAs and is also used in computers to store the BIOS program that runs to provide the start up functionality 4 2 NAND FLASH MEMORY...

Page 7: ... chip s capacity After the semiconductor wafer fabrication process they cut out the flash memory silicon die and then attach or stack two separate dies together For example when a semiconductor manufacturer stacks two 128 megabit dies together they form a single 256 megabit flash memory chip Die stacking allows for cost reduced chip alternatives to the larger capacity single die chips called monol...

Page 8: ... memory controller see Section 7 for more details This special chip manages the interface to the host device and handles all the reads from and writes to the flash chips on the flash storage device If the host controller is capable of supporting faster data transfer speeds the use of optimized flash controllers can result in significant time savings when reading or writing data into the flash memo...

Page 9: ...02 USB flash drives offer an incredible combination of high storage capacity fast data transfer rates and great flexibility all in the size of a lighter Heralded as a floppy drive alternative USB flash drives have far more storage capacity than that of a standard floppy disk They provide an easy method for quick downloads and transferring digital files to and from your computer or device USB flash...

Page 10: ...standard see section 7 4 that is backward compatible with current MMC cards The Secure Digital format includes several important technological advancements over MMC These include the addition of cryptographic security protection for copyrighted data music and a 4X increase in data transfer rates The SD Card Association sets the specifications for Secure Digital cards To help support higher capacit...

Page 11: ...ontroller to manage all memory reads and writes The SSFDC Forum sets the specifications for SmartMedia cards Digital Media Reader Writers Digital media reader writers allow flash storage devices to be used as portable storage for computers as well as for uploading or downloading of pictures music and other data without requiring the original host device such as a digital camera or MP3 player and w...

Page 12: ...ient slip in receiving frames that allow a CompactFlash card to be converted into an ATA PC Card Type II storage device Many notebooks and other devices supporting ATA Type II PC Cards also support CompactFlash cards when CF cards are inserted into a CF ATA Flash card adapter Kingston DataPak PC Card Hard Drives Kingston s DataPak is a removable high capacity PC Card Type II compliant hard disk dr...

Page 13: ...vices High Data Reliability The Kingston DataPak has rated error specification of one 1 bit in 10 000 000 000 000 bits read 1 bit per 1013 bits read Mean Time between Failures MTBF The DataPak MTBF is rated at over 300 000 hours Low Power Consumption The DataPak consumes only 1 7W of battery power during read write cycles and only 0 5W in idle mode For More Information For additional information o...

Page 14: ...erformance level will be the minimum data transfer level supported by the host controller or the flash card or USB flash drive The USB 2 0 specification also includes the older USB 1 1 specification for backward compatibility reasons USB Flash Drives and Digital Media Reader Writers require the following logos to indicate performance levels USB logo transfers data at a maximum of 12 megabits per s...

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