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KERN ABT-A01 

Version 1.0 2/2007 

Operating Manual 
Density Determination Set for Analytical Balance KERN ABT 

 

 

Contents: 

 

1

 

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 24

 

1.1 

S

COPE OF DELIVERY

..................................................................................... 25 

2

 

INSTALLING THE DENSITY DETERMINATION SET...................................... 27

 

3

 

PRINCIPLE OF DENSITY DETERMINATION .................................................. 29

 

3.1 

I

NFLUENCING MAGNITUDES AND ERROR SOURCES

............................................ 30 

4

 

DENSITY DETERMINATION OF SOLIDS........................................................ 31

 

4.1 

A

CTIVATE FUNCTION

..................................................................................... 32 

4.2 

E

NTERING 

D

ENSITY FOR 

F

LUID

...................................................................... 33 

4.3 

C

ARRYING 

O

UT 

M

EASUREMENT

..................................................................... 34 

5

 

DETERMINING DENSITY OF LIQUIDS ........................................................... 34

 

5.1 

A

CTIVATE FUNCTION

..................................................................................... 34 

5.2 

E

NTERING 

D

ENSITY OF 

G

LASS 

P

LUMMET

........................................................ 36 

5.3 

C

ARRYING 

O

UT 

M

EASUREMENT

..................................................................... 37 

6

 

PRECONDITIONS FOR PRECISE MEASUREMENTS .................................... 38

 

6.1 

C

ALCULATION OF 

R

ESULTS

............................................................................ 38 

6.2 

I

NFLUENCE 

F

ACTORS FOR 

M

EASUREMENT 

E

RRORS

......................................... 39 

6.2.1

 

Air bubbles.............................................................................................. 39

 

6.2.2

 

Solid Specimen....................................................................................... 39

 

6.2.3

 

Liquids .................................................................................................... 39

 

6.2.4

 

Surface ................................................................................................... 39

 

6.2.5

 

Glass Plummet for Measuring Fluids ...................................................... 40

 

6.3 

G

ENERAL INFORMATION

................................................................................ 40 

6.3.1

 

Density / Relative Density....................................................................... 40

 

6.3.2

 

Drift of Balance Display .......................................................................... 40

 

7

 

DENSITY TABLE FOR FLUIDS ....................................................................... 41

 

8

 

UNCERTAINTY OF MEASUREMENT FOR DENSITY DETERMINATION OF 

SOLIDS .................................................................................................................... 42

 

9

 

USER INSTRUCTIONS..................................................................................... 43

 

 

ABT-A01-BA-defsi-0710  

23 

Summary of Contents for ABT-A01

Page 1: ...34 5 DETERMINING DENSITY OF LIQUIDS 34 5 1 ACTIVATE FUNCTION 34 5 2 ENTERING DENSITY OF GLASS PLUMMET 36 5 3 CARRYING OUT MEASUREMENT 37 6 PRECONDITIONS FOR PRECISE MEASUREMENTS 38 6 1 CALCULATION OF RESULTS 38 6 2 INFLUENCE FACTORS FOR MEASUREMENT ERRORS 39 6 2 1 Air bubbles 39 6 2 2 Solid Specimen 39 6 2 3 Liquids 39 6 2 4 Surface 39 6 2 5 Glass Plummet for Measuring Fluids 40 6 3 GENERAL INFORM...

Page 2: ...ble this set nor the balance KERN ABT A01 Density determination set for analytical balances of the KERN ABT series readability d 0 1 mg This set is designed for the efficient determination of the density of solids by means of an analytical balance In addition the density of fluids may be determined by means of an additional plummet These operating instructions only describe the operation of the de...

Page 3: ...1 1 Scope of delivery SAMPLE DISH FILTER BOWL ABT A01 BA defsi 0710 25 ...

Page 4: ...gnation 1 Platform assembly sample dish and sifting bowl 2 x 2 Weighing platform with rack 3 Beaker 4 Platform for glass beaker 5 Thermometer 6 Holder for thermometer 7 8 Glass plummet 26 ABT A01 BA defsi 0710 ...

Page 5: ... of the weighing space of the balance and remove the grading ring the weighing plate and the support of the weighing plate 3 Carefully insert the weighing platform with rack onto the floor of the weighing space 4 Place the platform for the glass beaker above it without touching the weighing platform as shown ABT A01 BA defsi 0710 27 ...

Page 6: ...ter to the glass beaker Fill the glass beaker with known fluid for density determination of solids or test fluid for density determination of fluids 9 To be able to place the glass beaker in the centre of the platform the platform assembly must first be removed from the rack 10 Reattach the platform assembly to the rack and ensure that the sifting bowl does not touch the glass beaker 11 Observe th...

Page 7: ...the KERN ABT balance provides fast and safe determination of solids and fluids Our set uses the Principle of Archimedes to determine density BUOYANCY IS A FORCE IT AFFECTS A BODY THAT IS IMMERSED INTO A FLUID THE BUOYANCY OF THE BODY EQUALS THE WEIGHT FORCE OF THE DISPLACED FLUID THE FORCE OF BUOYANCY ACTS VERTICALLY UPWARDS Thus density is calculated according to the formulae below Density determ...

Page 8: ... immersed body equals the volume of the displaced fluid ρ G V G buoyancy of plummet Buoyancy of plummet Weight of the sinker in air A weight sinker in sample liquid B From this follows ρ V A B L ρ ρ density of sample fluid A weight of plummet in air B weight of plummet in sample fluid V volume of plummet ρL air density 0 0012 g cm 3 1 Influencing magnitudes and error sources Ö Air pressure Ö Tempe...

Page 9: ...e thermometer on beaker rim Ö Suspend thermometer Ö Fill your measuring liquid whose density ρo is known into the beaker Filling height should be approx of the capacity Ö Place beaker in the centre of the platform Ö Suspend sample dish from the centre of the frame Ö Heat measuring liquid until temperature is constant ABT A01 BA defsi 0710 31 ...

Page 10: ...E key Example Repeatedly press the CAL key until Unit SEL appears Press TARE key Use the CAL key to select the settings below U d this is an upside down triangle Current settings are indicated by the standstill display Confirm your selection by pressing the TARE key The TARE key is also used to deactivate a unit or function if the corresponding setting with standstill display is shown in the displ...

Page 11: ...he symbol appear in order to indicate numerical input status The leftmost digit blinks Example Enter density for the liquid to be measured When the UNIT key is pressed the numerical of the blinking digit increases by 1 at a time You can determine the value of the flashing digit or shift the flashing digit by one position to the right by pressing the PRINT key Confirm your setting by pressing the T...

Page 12: ...To start next measurement press the CAL and the TARE key and place the object to be measured on the weighing tray 5 Determining density of liquids Prepare balance as described in chapter 2 Installation of density determination set Ö Install holder for the thermometer on beaker rim Ö Suspend thermometer Ö Fill your measuring liquid into the beaker Filling height should be approx of the capacity Ö H...

Page 13: ... the CAL key to select the settings below U d Current settings are indicated by the standstill display Confirm your selection by pressing the TARE key The TARE key is also used to deactivate a unit or function if the corresponding setting with standstill display is shown in the display Repeatedly press the ON OFF key This takes you back to the menu weighing mode ABT A01 BA defsi 0710 35 ...

Page 14: ... the symbol appear in order to indicate numerical input status The leftmost digit blinks Example Enter density for your body to be immersed When the UNIT key is pressed the numerical of the blinking digit increases by 1 at a time You can determine the value of the flashing digit or shift the flashing digit by one position to the right by pressing the PRINT key Confirm your setting by pressing the ...

Page 15: ...glass beaker containing the test fluid on the platform for the glass beaker Reattach the glass plummet to the rack and immerse it completely in the fluid without producing bubbles The display is showing the density of the sample If no glass plummets are available the message dSP oL might appear which is normal To start the next measurement press the CAL key and TARE key and reattach the glass plum...

Page 16: ...cy If either of them is instable or flawed the result too will be instable or flawed ρ A A B o ρ ρ density of sample A weight of the sample in air B weight of sample in measuring fluid ρo density of measuring fluid The use of a heavy specimen contributes to the accuracy of a result because this increases the numerical value The use of a light weight specimen too contributes to the accuracy of a re...

Page 17: ...n fluid 6 2 2 Solid Specimen A specimen possessing too great a volume that is immersed in fluid will result in an increase in fluid level inside the glass beaker As a result part of the suspension bracket of the sifting bowl will also be immersed causing buoyancy to increase As a consequence the weight of the specimen in the fluid will drop Specimens that change the volume or assimilate fluid are ...

Page 18: ...ve density follows from the weight of a specimen divided by the weight of water at 4 Celsius of the same volume For this reason relative density does not have a unit Density equals mass divided by volume The application of the relative density instead of the density of a fluid in a formula produces an incorrect result In the case of fluids only their density is physically meaningful 6 3 2 Drift of...

Page 19: ... 0 7918 0 7945 18 0 9986 0 7909 0 7935 19 0 9984 0 7901 0 7926 20 0 9982 0 7893 0 7917 21 0 9980 0 7884 0 7907 22 0 9978 0 7876 0 7898 23 0 9976 0 7867 0 7880 24 0 9973 0 7859 0 7870 25 0 9971 0 7851 0 7870 26 0 9968 0 7842 0 7861 27 0 9965 0 7833 0 7852 28 0 9963 0 7824 0 7842 29 0 9960 0 7816 0 7833 30 0 9957 0 7808 0 7824 31 0 9954 0 7800 0 7814 32 0 9951 0 7791 0 7805 33 0 9947 0 7783 0 7896 3...

Page 20: ...y value for density is 0 0004 g cm3 Thus the last display digit of the display readability of 0 0001 is not relevant for this measurement Approximative readability at the density determination when using the 0 1mg range Weight g of the specimen 1 5 10 100 200 300 1 0 001 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001 3 0 002 0 0004 0 0003 0 0001 0 0001 0 0001 5 0 003 0 001 0 0004 0 0002 0 0002 0 0002 8 0 004 ...

Page 21: ...h the help of tweezers In order to reduce the surface tension of water and the friction of the liquid on the wire add three drops of a common detergent washing up liquid to the measuring liquid density modification of dest water occurring due to the addition of tensides can be ignored Oval samples can be held more easily with pincers when you cut grooves into them The density of porous solids may ...

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