II Morrow Apollo 360 User Manual Download

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Apollo 360 GPS Receiver

User’s Guide

II Morrow Inc.

2345 Turner Road S.E.

Salem, Oregon 97309

February 1997

P/N 560-0123-01B

Summary of Contents for Apollo 360

Page 1: ...Apollo 360 GPS Receiver User s Guide II Morrow Inc 2345 Turner Road S E Salem Oregon 97309 February 1997 P N 560 0123 01B ...

Page 2: ...of II Morrow Inc Apollo is a registered trademarkof II Morrow Inc 1997 by II Morrow Inc All rights reserved Printed in the U S A II Morrow Inc Consumer Products Division 2345 Turner Road S E Salem OR 97302 U S A Toll Free 800 525 6726 Canada Toll Free 800 654 3415 FAX 503 364 2138 International 503 391 3411 Apollo 360 GPS Receiver P N 560 0123 01 B ...

Page 3: ...1996 Revision 01 A February 1997 Notice regarding 8 channel receiver added to page 3 6 Revision 01 B Ordering Information To receive additional copies of this publication order part 560 0123 Apollo 360 GPS User s Guide Apollo 360 GPS Receiver P N 560 0123 01 B ...

Page 4: ... knowledge of how to use the Apollo 360is gained before using it as a navigation aid Here is a brief summary of information presented in each section and appendix Section 1 An explanation of basic concepts of the Global Positioning System GPS and how a GPS receiver works Note Those familiar with GPS navigation may wish to skip Section 1 and proceed to Section 2 to begin using the Apollo 360 Sectio...

Page 5: ...rms Appendix B A listing of map datums included with the Apollo 360 Appendix C A tutorial containing instructions on how to fly the Apollo 360 GPS receiver using the built in simulator Appendix D A troubleshooting guide explaining what to do if the receiver fails to operate properly Appendix E Summary of features About This Manual Apollo 360 GPS Receiver ii P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 6: ...ile and valuable navigation instrument Contacting the Factory Our staff of service technicians is available to assist you with any operational difficulties you may experience or to answer questions about your Apollo 360 Contact the factory anytime from 8 00 A M until 5 00 P M Pacific time Monday through Friday excluding holidays II Morrow Inc Technical Service Department 2345 Turner Road S E Salem...

Page 7: ...regulations require pilots to practice SEE and AVOID Do not study this manual while flying Make your first flight using the Apollo 360 during good weather in a low traffic area Read at least Sections 2 and 3 of this manual before you fly The Apollo 360 is equipped with a built in simulator to allow you to practice navigating without actually flying Appendix C at the back of this manual contains a ...

Page 8: ...d Cleaning Instructions 2 4 LCD Backlight Switch 2 5 Helpful Instructions on the Display 2 5 Control Knobs 2 5 The Power Knob 2 6 The Concentric Rotary Knobs 2 6 The Display Screens 2 7 The Startup Screen 2 7 Navigation Function Screens 2 8 Menu Function Screen 2 9 Goto and Nearest Function Screens 2 11 New Waypoint Function Screen 2 12 Waypoint Information Function Screen 2 13 Summary 2 13 3 Gett...

Page 9: ...Auto Zoom 4 9 The Route Screen 4 10 Searching for Nearest Waypoints 4 10 Creating Waypoints 4 11 Getting Waypoint Information 4 12 Destination Waypoint Information 4 13 Information About Other Waypoints 4 13 Information About Nearest Waypoints 4 13 Scanning Waypoints for Information 4 14 Navigating Multiple Leg Trips 4 15 Creating a Route 4 15 Changing a Route Waypoint 4 17 Adding a Route Waypoint...

Page 10: ...5 9 Airspace Alerts 5 10 CDI Scale 5 10 Magnetic Variation 5 11 Countdown Time 5 12 Display Units 5 13 Serial Outputs 5 14 User Waypoint Management 5 15 System Info 1 5 16 System Info 2 5 16 Default Settings 5 18 6 The Waypoint Database Database Structure 6 1 Available Waypoint Information 6 1 ARPT Waypoints 6 1 VOR Waypoints 6 2 NDB Waypoints 6 3 INT Waypoints 6 3 USER Waypoints 6 4 Apollo 360 GP...

Page 11: ...Appendices A Glossary of Navigation Terms B Map Datums C Tutorial D Troubleshooting Contacting the Factory D 3 E Features Table of Contents Apollo 360 GPS Receiver viii P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 12: ...or the information provided by this system have steadily increased in the civilian sector Some of the more popular civilian uses of the system include surveying and position fix data recording for civil engineering applications and a broad range of marine aviation and terrestrial navigation applications While orbiting the earth each GPS satellite transmits complex streams of data containing the op...

Page 13: ...ne another their elevation above the horizon and other factors can also affect accuracy of the position fix Under optimal conditions accuracy can improve towithin 10 meters GPS position fix accuracy is not affected by atmospheric conditions GPS altitude is based on a mathematical model of the sphere of the earth Including intentional degradation GPS altitude may differ from barometric altitude by ...

Page 14: ...so provides one or more screens of information on the display At least one of these functions is always in use when the unit is on The functions operate independently of one another so you can switch between them freely without disrupting navigation The five operating functions are Navigation always active Menu Goto and nearest New waypoint Waypoint information As you set up and navigate a course ...

Page 15: ...e unit is switched on and stays active You will use this function most often while flying The navigation function provides information about Your current position and navigation progress to a destination GPS satellite signals Routes or trips with multiple legs Events or conditions important to trip navigation Navigation function screens show on the display whenever other functions are not in use I...

Page 16: ...eateaflight plan or change it while navigating New Waypoint Function Use the waypoint function to create your own waypoints and store them in the Apollo 360 s memory You can create up to 2 000 of your own waypoints each with a name you choose You can create waypoints based upon your present position or you can enter latitude and longitude coordinates usually abbreviated lat lon to define the waypo...

Page 17: ...at is scratch resistant Despite this coating extreme care must be taken when cleaning the display screen To remove stains smudges fingerprints and so forth we recommend these cleaning methods if the first method fails to remove the problem try the next method Wipe with a clean dry non abrasive fabric for example cotton or Handi wipes Blow on the area to condense moisture on the display and then wi...

Page 18: ...ws you what to do Helpful instructions typically appear on the top and bottom lines of the display A highlighted or darkened word in an instruction advises you which key to press to select an option Control Knobs The control knobs switch the Apollo 360 on and off select menu options andmake changes The control knobsconsist of the power knob at the upper left corner of the front panel and the conce...

Page 19: ...ess of tracking available GPS satellites Entering a seed position and the current time is explained in Section 3 The Concentric Rotary Knobs The LARGE and SMALL concentric rotary knobs allow you to move the highlight cursor around the display to select menu options and make changes The highlight cursor typically shows on the display when you use an operating function The cursor indicates that the ...

Page 20: ...operating function are introduced here Section 4 contains additional details about each operating function The Startup Screens The startup screens shows on the display for several seconds after you switch on the Apollo 360 While these screens show on the display the unit performs internal diagnostics begins tracking available GPS satellites and activates the navigation function Route Display Selec...

Page 21: ...useful information After the startup screen appears on the display the unit shows theGPS signalscreen allowingyou to verify good signal reception from available satellites You can scroll or page through the other available screens by turning the LARGE knob Introduction to the Apollo 360 Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 2 8 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 22: ...unction to the navigation function Operation Mode Enables the built in navigation simulator or changes the map datum Time and Place Contains seed position and current time settings Screen Controls Contains control settings for display backlight and contrast Map Setups Contains control settings for information shown on moving map screens navigation function Declutter Maps Contains control settings ...

Page 23: ...ountdown timer Display Units Contains control settings for navigation units of measure Serial Outputs Controls either of the two serial ports for interface with external devices User Wpt Mgmt Controls editing or deletion of waypoints you have entered in the Apollo 360 s memory System Info 1 Enables showing of unit serial number and current hardware and software versions on the display System Info ...

Page 24: ...ed destination waypoint may be one you created or a waypoint from the built in database The screen shows the assigned destination waypoint and the waypoint s location relative to your present position When you press the GOTO NRST key again the nearest function starts The nearest function screen shows a listing of up to 30 of the waypoints nearest toyour present position and the location of each wa...

Page 25: ...een This screen shows information about waypoints you create using the new waypoint function You can use present position lat lon coordinates for the new waypoint s location or enter coordinates of your choice from this screen Information on the screen includes the created waypoint s location and the location of the nearest VOR relative to your present position Introduction to the Apollo 360 Apoll...

Page 26: ...g between operating functions is fast and easy and that you will do this often while navigating a trip No matter which operating function you use the unit allows you to quickly and easily return to the always active navigation function Your present position continues to be calculated without interruption while you use the other operating functions Here is a quick review of the purpose of each oper...

Page 27: ...nates you enter Waypoint information function calls up information from the Apollo 360 s built in waypoint database You can also access information about waypoints you have created Information includes the waypoint identifier and type waypoint bearing and distance from your current position waypoint lat lon coordinates and more LCD backlight controls whether or not the backlight is on and the back...

Page 28: ...k for proper operation It is necessary to enter a seed position and the current time the first time you switch the unit on Power up Enter a seed position your dealer may have already completed this step for you Check satellite signal strength Enter goto waypoint Begin navigating Power Up To switch the unit on turn the power knob clockwise the knob is above and to the left of the display The startu...

Page 29: ...he receiver to quickly locate and track available satellites Note The seed position and current time must only be entered the first time the receiver is switched on This information is stored in memory and need not be entered again Your dealer may have already entered the local time and position for you How to Do This 1 Pre ss MENU to a cc ess the main menu 2 Select the Time and Place option 3 Pre...

Page 30: ...7 below Use the LARGE and SMALL knobs to select and set local time LOC You may also enter current UTC timeandskipentry of UTC differential in step 7 It is not necessary to enter seconds they cannot be set 7 Set the difference between local time and UTC time Use the illustration on the next page to determine the UTC differential for your area Enter this value as the difference between local and UTC...

Page 31: ...rns to the display Return To Nav is selected 9 Press the ENT key once again The display shows the navigation screen in use before the menu function was started in step 1 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Add Hours Subtract Hours Subract 1 hour during summer for Daylight Savings Time where DST applies 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Getting Started Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 3 4 P N 560 0123 01 B ...

Page 32: ...al strength screen is the first to show on the display after the unit starts up Make it a habit to check this screen to make sure that the constellation of satellites are healthy and that the unit is properly tracking visible satellites before you fly In this example the screen shows that six satellite signals are being received The question mark symbol is highlighted indicating that information o...

Page 33: ... temporarily calculate a 2D Fix or DR Fix dead reckoning NOTICE Apollo 360 GPS units part number 430 0256 01 contain an 8 channel GPS receiver instead of the 6 channel receiver used in earlier units The 8 channel Apollo 360 GPS units provide performace that is equal to or better than the 6 channel models However the Satellite Tracking Page will only show tracking status of the satellites assigned ...

Page 34: ...nt Use the SMALL knob to change the highlighted character in the waypoint identifier The LARGE knob moves the highlight on the screen to select the next character to change Note Waypoints on the display are stored in the unit s built in database By moving the highlight toARPT and turningthe SMALL knob you can change the type of destination waypoint to select airport NDB VOR INT or USER user create...

Page 35: ...u can also scroll through each waypoint in the database With the highlight over the first character of either the waypoint identifier OR city name turn the LARGE knob one detent counterclockwise A highlighted vertical arrow symbol appears to the left of the first character Use the SMALL knob to scroll through each waypoint in the Apollo GPS receiver s built in database 3 Make sure correct waypoint...

Page 36: ...typeofpositionfix theunit isprovidingbasedon visible satellites above you This operation is quick and easy as the satellite signal strength screen is the first to show on the display after the unit starts up The next section contains information about how to use the navigation function while you fly A built in simulator is included with the Apollo 360 to help you become better acquainted with usin...

Page 37: ...Notes Getting Started Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 3 10 P N 560 0123 01 B ...

Page 38: ...y with the unit When you become comfortable operating the unit you may wish to fly the Apollo 360 using the built in simulator Follow the tutorial instructions in Appendix C About the Navigation Function The navigation function is always active When you use other functions the navigation function continues to run in the background calculating your present position navigating your multiple leg trip...

Page 39: ... in the sky The screen tells you The type of position fix currently calculated by the unit NO FIX no signals available DR FIX Dead Reckoning the position is estimated based on the last known track ground speed and position 2D FIX the position fix is calculated based on signals from only three satellites and GPS altitude is not available 3D FIX the position fix is calculated based on signals from f...

Page 40: ...llite The satellite azimuth and elevation from the current position The GPS receiver s current track status for each visible satellite Current Messages Screen The Apollo 360 helps you navigate by informing you of important events or conditions while you fly When an important event or condition occurs an alert message shows on the display to inform you Alerts marked with the can be controlled by me...

Page 41: ...of position fix Low memory back up battery Expiration of countdown time Manual magnetic variation alert Magnetic variation compensation limitation Simulated flight warning Navigating a Trip Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 4 4 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 42: ...iation from desired track When you fly this screen can be valuable to check your position against a chart with close precision Keep in mind that GPS altitude is not based on the same criteria as barometric altitude which uses apressureoffset value GPS altitude is also affected by selective availability Course deviation shows in the rectangular Course Deviation Indicator CDI at the bottom of the di...

Page 43: ...le by turning the LARGE knob only one detent clockwise from the bearing ETA track screen you will likely find it convenient to switch back and forth between these two screens often to check your navigation progress Moving Map Nav Window Screen One of the most attractive features of the Apollo 360 is its ability to show your navigation progress graphically against a moving map of waypoints Your pre...

Page 44: ... on course The map scale shows in the highlight at the lower left corner of the screen The scale shows the approximate distance represented on the map between the airplane symbol and the top border of the display You can select distance units of measure for the map scale and all other navigation screens using the menu function Display Units option explained in Section 5 The figure below shows a ch...

Page 45: ...ow to change the orientation Zooming In or Out The moving map screens feature a handy zoom function to allow you to enhance your view of navigation progress Zoom in or out by turning the SMALL knob Zooming in changes the view to enlarge map detail as if the airplane symbol was flying at a lower altitude over the map surface Similarly zooming out allows a view of greater distance around the airplan...

Page 46: ...e Using auto zoom frees you from manually adjusting the map scale as you view the moving map screens The Route Screen The Apollo 360 has the ability to store up to 20 reversible trip plans or routes in memory Each route can consist of up to 30 waypoints either those you create or those from the built in waypoint database The preceding and following displays show the 1 Leg and 3 Legroutescreens res...

Page 47: ...characters for easier viewing The 3 Leg screen provides more information on a single display The procedure for setting up the route is the same using either screen Searching for Nearest Waypoints An important feature of the Apollo 360 is its ability to locate waypoints closest to your position as you fly Should you have to land the aircraft quickly you can use this feature to locate a nearby waypo...

Page 48: ...ypes of waypoints that show on the display as the result of a search for nearest waypoints The menu function Declutter Maps option allows you to choose whether or not to display airports VORs NDBs and intersections as searched waypoints and on the moving map screens Before you fly make sure to check this option and confirm that the waypoint types you wish to show will appear on the display after a...

Page 49: ...he ENT key to enter the new waypoint into memory The fact that you may assign either your present position or lat lon coordinates of your choice when you create waypoints is significant You can create waypoints either as you fly or more conveniently before or after you fly when you are not busy navigating You can always edit or delete waypoints you have created The menu function User Waypoint Mana...

Page 50: ...n memory by using the goto function together with the waypoint information function Press the GOTO NRST key as if you were assigning a destination waypoint Use the LARGE and SMALL knobs to select the waypoint name When the desired waypoint name shows on the display press the INFO key to get information about the waypoint To return to the navigation function press the MENU key then press the ENT ke...

Page 51: ...n waypoints on the moving map screens to get information quickly With a moving map screen showing on the display press the ENT key several times Notice that the highlight moves from the destination waypoint to a different waypoint on the screen each time you press this key When the highlight has moved to the desired waypoint press the INFO key to get information about the waypoint This feature mak...

Page 52: ...IT fromthe routescreentobegincreatingroute number 01 Then select INS to insert waypoints into the route Prepare to insert waypoints into your route beginning with the waypoint of origin Then you can insert other waypoints in the order you will travel to them working toward the destination waypoint Use the LARGE and SMALL knobs to select and change the waypoint identifier for the first waypoint Whe...

Page 53: ... ENT key to complete route editing Remember you can always change add or delete route waypoints later When you finish with the first route you can immediately create another The screen shows route 02 empty and ready for insertion of waypoints To create a new route select EDIT and proceed as with creation of route 01 Navigating a Trip Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 4 16 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 54: ...oute shows on the display select EDIT as if creating a route Turn the LARGE knob to select a waypoint to change When the cursor arrow points to the desired waypoint select CHG to change it Change the waypoint as desired Repeat for other waypoints to change Each time a changeis made DONE ishighlighted When waypoints are changed as desired press the ENT key to complete route editing Apollo 360 GPS R...

Page 55: ...eating a route Turn the LARGE knob to move the cursor arrow to the waypoint where you wish to insert the new waypoint Select INS to insert the waypoint into the route Each time a change is made INS is highlighted to allow insertion of another waypoint When all desired waypoints are inserted into the route move highlight to DONE and press the ENT key to complete route editing Navigating a Trip Apol...

Page 56: ...waypoint you wish to delete Select DEL to delete the waypoint from the route and press the ENT key Note The screen below shows deletion of a waypoint with the 3 leg route screen selected When desired waypoints are deleted from the route select DONE and press the ENT key to complete route editing Note Deleting waypoints from routes will not remove them from the waypoint database Apollo 360 GPS Rece...

Page 57: ...time You can navigate the route in either direction depending on your present position If your present position is at the last waypoint in the route you could use this last waypoint as the point of origin by selecting REVERSE After a route is started route ON you can view other routes or edit them From any route screen you can quickly return to the active route by pressing and holding the ENT key ...

Page 58: ...ou may wish to abandon an active route to navigate a different route or to travel to waypoints not in the route Press the GOTO key dial in a new waypoint and press the ENT key If the new waypoint is not in the active route the route will be stopped If you wish just to stop the route use the Stop option Stop or hold the active route by selecting it from the route menu Press andholdtheENT keytoselec...

Page 59: ...the route menu Then select EDIT as if creating or modifying a route Turn the LARGE knob to move the marker arrow to the waypoint to which you wish to navigate Then press the GOTO NRST key Press the ENT key to enter the waypoint as the destination The route screen shows direct status to the waypoint You can now navigate directly to the desired destination waypoint bypassing previous waypoints in th...

Page 60: ...section Option settings are stored in memory and remain in effect until you change them Note Navigation is not interrupted while you use other features The menu function makes these options available Return to Nav Returns the unit from the menu function to the navigation function Operation Mode Enables the built in navigation simulator or changes the map datum Time and Place Contains seed position...

Page 61: ...essage Magnetic Var Contains control settings for magnetic variation in course headings Countdown Time Controls built in countdown timer Display Units Contains control settings for navigation units of measure Serial Outputs Controls the two serial ports for interface with external devices User Wpt Mgmt Controls editing or deletion of waypoints you have entered in the Apollo 360 s memory System Inf...

Page 62: ... selected press the ENT key to activate it Changing Menu Option Settings Changing settings on any menu option screen is done in the same way Use the LARGE knob to move the highlight on the screen to the option item you wish to change Then use the SMALL knob to change the setting Return to Nav Use this option to leave the menu function and return to the screen shown on the display before you presse...

Page 63: ... only when you wish to use the built in simulator to practice navigating with the unit With the aviation mode selected you can change the map datum Important Verify that you have the correct map datum selected for the area where you navigate Datum WGS 1984 is automatically selected and is the most current for navigation in the United States If you navigate using a chart based on a different datum ...

Page 64: ...tched on It is also necessary to enter this information if the unit is switched off and moved a distance of several hundred miles or more Time and place information you enter is stored in memory and need not be entered again Screen Controls This option controls operation of the display backlight and allows you to adjust display contrast Turn the SMALL knob to select backlight Off Lo MLo MHi or Hi ...

Page 65: ...ighlight route diplay and the SMALL knob to select between 1 Leg and 3 Leg Route Display screens The 1 Leg display uses large letters for easier viewing The 3 Leg display provides more information on a single screen Map Setups This option controls what and how information shows on the moving map screens Select whether or not the Apollo 360 should show a route path or airspaces in the vicinity With...

Page 66: ...the waypoints that show on the moving map screens and are used for nearest waypoint search Types of waypoints you set to ON are displayed while those set to OFF are not visible on the moving map screens You can choose whether or not to show the following types of waypoints Airports ARPTS Very High Frequency Omnirange VORS Non Directional Beacon NDBS Intersections INTS User Created USERS Apollo 360...

Page 67: ...ed You can choose whether or not to store track points how often to store them and manage the storage process using this option Each stored track point consumes space in memory You can store up to 2 000 track points When track history is ON points are stored in memory Your track history displays on the moving map screens as a series of dots showing your flight path Each dot indicates a stored poin...

Page 68: ... track points select CLEAR and choose YES Arrival Alerts This option controls whether or not and when the Apollo 360 should alert you of arrival at a destination If you choose YES for the alert message the arrival alert will show on the display to advise you of arrival at a destination waypoint You can choose the radius distance around the destination waypoint where the Apollo 360 alerts you This ...

Page 69: ...nce buffer is the distance from the airspace border where you will be alerted This distance can be shown in the unit of measure you choose using the DISPLAY UNITS setting described later in this section The time buffer contains the travel time based upon current track and speed from the airspace border where you will be alerted CDI Scale This option controls operation of the course deviation alert...

Page 70: ...iation This option allows you to override automatic magnetic variation and manually enter a variation value A manual setting is normally not required for navigation anywhere in the world except near the poles where magnetic variation is the greatest If manual entry of magnetic variation is necessary obtain the correct value from a reliable chart or other source Select MANUAL and enter the variatio...

Page 71: ...s Enter a TOTAL TIME of up to 60 minutes 60 00 You can select a total time at 1 second intervals from 1 to 10 seconds 5 second intervals from 10 to 60 seconds 10 second intervals from 1 minute to 10 minutes 30 second intervals from 10 minutes to 60 minutes Select START and press the ENT key to begin countdown from the total time shown As the countdown progresses the screen shows COUNTING during th...

Page 72: ...measure show on the display The units of measure you select show consistently throughout all screens in all operating functions You can select the following units of measure for each navigation parameter Distance nm kts sm mph km kph Altitude feet meters Lat lon d m mmm d m s s where d degrees m minutes and s seconds of latitude or longitude UTMS Universal Transverse Mercator System Apollo 360 GPS...

Page 73: ...an external moving map display in the cockpit Send serial data matching the NMEA formats to any serial device in the cockpit capable of accepting it Disable the serial data port See your II Morrow dealer or contact the factory for information about the optional Apollo 360 PC Interface Kit Consult kit documentation for instructions on proper serial port settings Your avionics dealer should install ...

Page 74: ... knob to select EDIT Move the highlight to the desired name character or coordinate digit to make changes When you finish making changes press the ENT key to save changes in memory Note It is important to manage user waypoints wisely With the capacity to store up to 2 000 user waypoints in memory the Apollo 360 can hold an immense amount of information When you edit use intuitive identifiers for w...

Page 75: ... 360 serial number and hardware and software version information You will need this information and the information shown on the System Info 2 screen if you contact the factory about the unit Record the serial number on your owner s warranty record and keep the card in a safe place with your avionic instrumentation records System Info 2 This option contains more information about the software and ...

Page 76: ...Usage Map Datum Aviation WGS 1984 N A N A Time and Place Lat Long Date Loc UTC Diff Enter seed position current time and UTC diff at power up see Section 2 N A Screen Controls Route Disp Backlight Contrast 1 Leg Hi 0 50 100 N A Map Setups Route Path Airspaces Orient Up OFF OFF NORTH TRK DTK N A Declutter Maps ARPTS VORS NDBS INTS USERS Idents On Maps ON ON OFF OFF OFF YES N A Track Point History T...

Page 77: ...O Magnetic Variation Option Setting AUTOMATIC Computed N A Countdown Time Total Time User programmable 1sec to60min When time expires Display Units Distance Altitude Lat Lon NM KTS FEET D M MMM N A Serial Outputs 1 2 NONE PC R T N A User Wpt Mgmt No default settings N A N A System Info 1 No default settings N A N A System Info 2 No default settings N A N A Menu Function Options Apollo 360 GPS Rece...

Page 78: ...these types whenever you use it controlling organizing and speeding the delivery of information The waypoint types are Airports ARPTs Non directional beacons NDBs Very high frequency omniranges VORs Enroute intersections INTs User created USERs Available Waypoint Information The following information is available for each waypoint type Use the waypoint INFO function to get this information as Sect...

Page 79: ... Lat lon coordinates Navigation beacon light IFR capability an R at the frequency indicates that Radar service is available on this frequency Landing fee VOR Waypoint Information Bearing and distance from present position Operating frequency Lat lon coordinates DME available Class high low terminal Weather broadcasts The Waypoint Database Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 6 2 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 80: ...Operating frequency Lat lon coordinates DME available Class high low terminal INT Waypoint Information Country Bearing and distance from present position Bearing from present position Lat lon coordinates Apollo 360 GPS Receiver The Waypoint Database P N 560 0123 01 6 3 ...

Page 81: ...USER Waypoint Information Bearing and distance from present position Distance from present position Lat lon coordinates The Waypoint Database Apollo 360 GPS Receiver 6 4 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 82: ...o any point usually measured in degrees relative to true or magnetic north C Constellation A group of stars or objects such as GPS satellites in the heavens Coordinates Values for latitude and longitude that describe a geographical point on the surface of the earth Course The planned direction of travel in a horizontal plane Course Deviation A measurement of distance left or right from the desired...

Page 83: ...rom the intended course of travel E Elevation The altitude above ground Estimated Time of Arrival ETA Estimated Time Enroute ETE F Fix A geographical location determined by either visual reference or by electronic navigation aids G Global Positioning System GPS Also known as NAVSTAR A constellation of satellites launched by the U S Department of Defense into six orbit lanes four satellites per pla...

Page 84: ...conds north and south of the equator Longitude lon Any line from the north to the south pole measured in degrees minutes and seconds of a circle east or west of the Prime Meridian Greenwich England M Magnetic North The region some distance from the geographic north pole where the earth s magnetic lines concentrate A magnetic compass points to the magnetic north Magnetic Variation Mag Var The angle...

Page 85: ...nals that can be used for navigation P Position Dilution of Precision PDOP A merit value for the calculated position based on the geometrical configuration of the satellites used 3 is considered good greater than 7 is considered poor R Radial Any of the 360 magnetic courses from a VOR or similar navigational aid beginning at the navigational aid and proceeding outward in a straight line Range RNG ...

Page 86: ...autical advisory stations for communication with aircraft Unicoms may provide such airport information as active runway wind direction and velocity and other conditions of importance to pilots Universal Coordinated Time UTC Greenwich Mean Time or the time at the Prime Meridian in Greenwich England Also referred to as Zulu time UTC Differential The difference in time between that at the present pos...

Page 87: ...Notes Glossary of Navigation Terms Apollo 360 GPS Receiver A 6 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 88: ...p datum for the area where you navigate and the chart you use Note WGS 1984 is the default datum until you change it Datum Name Ellipsoid Model ARC 1950 Clarke 1880 ARC 1960 Clarke 1880 Australian Geodetic 1966 Australian National Australian Geodetic 1984 Australian National Bogota Observatory International Campo Inchauspe International Cape Clarke 1880 Carthage Clarke 1880 Chatham 1971 Internatio...

Page 89: ...ch Clarke 1880 Minna Clarke 1880 Nahrwan Clarke 1880 North American 1927 Conus Clarke 1866 North American 1927 Alaska Clarke 1866 North American 1927 Canada Clarke 1866 North American 1927 Cntrl Amer Clarke 1866 North American 1963 GRS 80 Old Egyptian Helmert 1906 Old Hawaiian Clarke 1866 Oman Clarke 1880 Ordered Survey Great Britain 1936 Airy Pitcairn Astro 1967 International Quatar National Inte...

Page 90: ...Datum Name Ellipsoid Model Zanderij International WGS 1972 WGS 72 WGS 1984 WGS 84 Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Map Datums P N 560 0123 01 B 3 ...

Page 91: ...Map Datums Apollo 360 GPS Receiver B 4 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 92: ...Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Map Datums P N 560 0123 01 B 5 ...

Page 93: ...Map Datums Apollo 360 GPS Receiver B 6 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 94: ...Notes Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Map Datums P N 560 0123 01 B 7 ...

Page 95: ...into the cockpit and follow the instructions in this appendix to take a trip As you navigate with the simulator feel free to experiment with the features as much as you like The instructions here should serve only as a general guide The goal of this tutorial is to help you become comfortable using the Apollo 360 Important Enter a seed position and the current time and date as Section 2 describes b...

Page 96: ...GE knob clockwise one detent to select the Operation Mode option 4 Press the ENT key to select the option 5 Turn the SMALL knob clockwise one detent to select Simulator mode 6 Set your Ground Speed 7 A message warns you against navigating while using the Flight Simulator Press ENT to continue Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 2 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 97: ...or the trip unless you have already used the unit to navigate a route If this is the case refer to the tutorial section entitled Navigating a Route later in this section or deactivate your route and continue These exercises assume your present position is the point of origin for the trip Assigning a Direct Waypoint How to Do This 1 Press the GOTO key Note Prepare to choose a waypoint close to your...

Page 98: ...e next character of your destination waypoint name 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 to select the last character of the destination waypoint name 5 Press the ENT key to assign the waypoint as the destination Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 4 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 99: ...at lon coordinates change to reflect your present position to the nearest hundredth of a minute Note GPS altitude is invalid while you use the simulator No GPS altitude value shows on the display Continue to turn the LARGE knob to check the other navigation screens The bearing ETA track screen shows your the bearing and desired track to the destination UTC time is invalid while you use the simulat...

Page 100: ... display For example if you are 20 nm from your destination and the map scale is set to 20 nm you should be able to see the destination on the display If at the same map scale setting your destination was 30 nm distant you would not be able to see it on the display unless you selected a larger map scale Change the map scale to AUTO to enable the auto zoom feature Auto zoom shows your destination o...

Page 101: ...ap scales or auto zoom use the Declutter Maps menu option to declutter the map and remove unnecessary names Set IDENTS ON MAPS to NO Notice that the small symbols representing waypoint locations are not removed from the screen Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Tutorial P N 560 0123 01 C 7 ...

Page 102: ...ation waypoint Turn the LARGE knob to view additional pages of information Press the INFO key again to return to the moving map screen You can also get information about other waypoints on the screen as you navigate whether or not the waypoint names are displayed Select a map scale that presents at least several waypoints around you or use auto zoom Press the ENT key several times and watch the hi...

Page 103: ...With the desired waypoint name showing on the display press the INFO key Waypoint informationshows onthescreen without the waypoint being assigned as a destination Press the INFO key again to cancel waypoint information and then press the MENU and ENT keys to continue navigating Checking Alert Settings Looking ahead at the destination the screen shows an airspace around it Apollo 360 GPS Receiver ...

Page 104: ...t message will show Select the Airspace Alerts option on the main menu The ALERT MESSAGE item should be set to YES Set the distance buffer to the desired distance from the airspace where you wish to be alerted Similarly set the Time Buffer item to the desired travel time at your present speed from the airspace where you wish to be alerted Press the ENT key to return to the main menu Tutorial Apoll...

Page 105: ...ation where you wish to be alerted Approach ing the Destination With the destination approaching the airspace alert message shows on the display at the time or distance from the airspace whichever occurs first selected earlier Press the ENT key to acknowledge the alert As you approach the destination the arrival alert message also shows on the display at the distance from the destination you selec...

Page 106: ...al at the destination Set the map scale to auto zoom At this slower rate of travel you can clearly see the approaching destination As you approach you can see the runway configuration Note The simulator will not land but shows a fly by and continues travel at the current heading and ground speed until you enter another destination When you do this the heading changes and the unit navigates to the ...

Page 107: ... screen from the navigation screens by turning the LARGE knob From the route screen select EDIT and press the ENT key 2 The arrow cursor points to the first line in the route and INS is highlighted Press the ENT key to begin inserting waypoints 3 Turn the SMALL knob to select the first character of the waypoint to insert 4 Turn the LARGE knob to move the highlight and the SMALL knob to select the ...

Page 108: ...f the waypoint name Turn the SMALL knob to search waypoints one by one 6 Press the ENT key to insert the waypoint in the route The arrow cursor moves down to the second line in the route ready for insertion of the next waypoint 7 Repeat steps 2 through 6 to enter a second and third waypoint in the route For the purpose of this tutorial we will only insert 3 waypoints in the route and since we have...

Page 109: ...inserting waypoints in the route select DONE and press the ENT key The route is ready to navigate once it is started You can also create more routes using these steps Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Tutorial P N 560 0123 01 C 15 ...

Page 110: ...r direction depending on your present position For example if your present position is at the last waypoint in the route you could use this last waypoint as the point of origin by selecting REVERSE This tutorial uses the forward direction navigating the route the way it was created With NORMAL selected press the ENT key The route screen shows on the display with the message ROUTE 01 IS ON at the t...

Page 111: ...arrow marker on the route screen points to the new To waypoint Continue navigating the route Route Direct To While navigating a route you may find it necessary to alter your trip and proceed Direct To a waypoint elsewhere in the list You can navigate directly to any waypoint in the route either those behind or those ahead of you From the route screen choose the active route underway Select EDIT an...

Page 112: ...ention of later resuming the route You can place a route on hold and it will not sequence to the next leg until you resume it regardless of where you fly How to Do This 1 With the route active or ON select STOP and press the ENT key 2 Select HOLD and press the ENT key The route screen shows the route is HOLDING 3 Select RESUME to resume navigating the route Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 18 P ...

Page 113: ...point not on the current route the route is automatically stopped or switched OFF Stop a route if you do not plan to resume travel on that route How to Do This 1 Stop the route by selecting STOP from the route screen 2 Press the ENT key to stop the route 3 The route screen shows OFF status for the stopped route Editing a Route You can edit any route you have created to insert change or delete wayp...

Page 114: ... Use the LARGE knob to move the arrow cursor to the waypoint before which the new waypoint is to be inserted 4 Select INS and press ENT to insert a waypoint 5 Use the LARGE and SMALL knobs to select the waypoint name to insert When the desired name shows on the line press the ENT key 6 Select DONE and press the ENT key Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 20 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 115: ...oints in the route 2 Select EDIT and press the ENT key 3 Use the LARGE knob to move the arrow cursor to the waypoint to change 4 Select CHG and press ENT to change the waypoint 5 Use the LARGE and SMALL knobs to select the new waypoint name When the desired name shows on the line press the ENT key to enter the change 6 Select DONE and press the ENT key Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Tutorial P N 560 0123...

Page 116: ...can delete any or all waypoints in the route 2 Select EDIT and press the ENT key 3 Use the LARGE knob to move the arrow cursor to the waypoint to delete 4 Select DEL to delete the waypoint and press the ENT key 5 Select DONE and press the ENT key Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 22 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 117: ...u navigate How to Do This 1 Select the Track Point History option from the main menu The track point history screen shows on the display 2 Turn the SMALL knob to activate the Track Point History feature 3 Select a storage strategy Select either FOREVER or UNTIL FULL The FOREVER setting records track points indefinitely recording over existing track points when memory becomes full The UNTIL FULL se...

Page 118: ...ding track points and go about navigating you can always refer to the Track Point History screen to check how much memory space has been used Check the USED item on the screen to see the percentage of track point storage memory currently used You can move the highlight to the CLEAR item to empty the track point history memory anytime Select YES and press the ENT key to delete all track points Dele...

Page 119: ... specify The TIME storage method records track points at the selected time interval regardless of your present position At busy airports this could result in many track points being recorded at the same or nearly the same position as you wait to proceed in ground traffic Check the moving map screen as you navigate the route With track points being recorded small dots appear behind the airplane sym...

Page 120: ...conditions were becoming worse and you wish to land immediately How to Do This 1 Press the GOTO NRST key twice to display up to 30 closest waypoints around you 2 Turn the LARGE knob clockwise to move down the list to select a waypoint 3 Press the ENT key to chose the waypoint as the destination Note The route you are navigating is automatically inactivated The route screen shows route OFF status T...

Page 121: ...s add new routes and take your time exploring the way the unit works The way you move the highlight around the screen and select option items is consistent throughout all items on the main menu Remember The LARGE knob moves the highlight The SMALL knob changes highlighted settings While you navigate remember The LARGE knob changes navigation screens The SMALL knob moves the highlight on the GPS si...

Page 122: ...Notes Tutorial Apollo 360 GPS Receiver C 28 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 123: ...Apollo 360 GPS Receiver Tutorial P N 560 0123 01 C 29 ...

Page 124: ... Cause s Action Unit does not power on Open in power supply circuit Check circuit breaker reset if necessary Faulty electrical wiring or connection Contact your dealer to perform electrical system test No GPS signal reception Obstructed signal path Move aircraft out of hangar or away from buildings to provide the antenna an unobstructed view of the sky Incorrect seed position time or UTC different...

Page 125: ...point types to search are On Wrong types of waypoints show on moving map screens Incorrect selection of waypoint types to show on moving map screens See action above the waypoint types you set to No do not show on moving map screens OR after nearest waypoint searches Position fix seems inaccurate Incorrect map datum selected Check Operation Mode option as Section 5 describes to verify selection of...

Page 126: ...e boundaries missing from moving map screens Airspace display on moving map screens set to Off Check Map Setup option as Section 5 describes and verify that Airspaces item is set to Yes Line representing route path on moving map screens is missing Route path display on moving map screens set to Off Check Map Setup option as Section 5 describes and verify that Route Path item is set to Yes Waypoint...

Page 127: ...Notes Troubleshooting Apollo 360 GPS Receiver D 4 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 128: ...A moving map display to graphically show your navigation progress Avionics outputs for interface with external CDI annunciators or moving map displays An extensive built in database of airports VORs NDBs and Intersections Memory capacity to store up to 2 000 user created waypoints Storage capability for up to 30 flight plans each consisting of up to 20 legs Low power consumption circuitry A lightw...

Page 129: ...ise you when memory backup battery requires replacement not user replaceable Personal computer interface capability using optional kit to help you manage the internal waypoint database Features Apollo 360 GPS Receiver E 2 P N 560 0123 01 ...

Page 130: ... FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 3 Exclusion of Liability for Damages IN NO EVENT SHALL II MORROW ANY DISTRIBUTOR OR THE SELLING DEALER BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES INCLUDING LOSS OF PROFITS LOSS OF TIME OR INCONVENIENCE WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT STRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY EVEN IF II MORROW SUCH DISTRIBUTOR OR THE SE...

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