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Little Board™/486

e Computer

P/N 5001561 Revision A

4757 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138

Phone: 408 360-0200, FAX: 408 360-0222, Web: www.ampro.com

Summary of Contents for 486E P/N 5001561 Revision A

Page 1: ...Little Board 486e Computer P N 5001561 Revision A 4757 Hellyer Avenue San Jose CA 95138 Phone 408 360 0200 FAX 408 360 0222 Web www ampro com...

Page 2: ...to the contents of this manual or of the associated Ampro products and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose Ampro shall under no circu...

Page 3: ...1 4 Byte Wide Socket and Solid State Disk SSD 1 4 Modular PC 104 Expansion Bus 1 5 Enhanced Reliability 1 5 HALT Testing 1 6 Software 1 7 Little Board Development Platform 1 8 Product Reference Overv...

Page 4: ...r J14 2 28 IDE Hard Disk Interface 2 29 IDE Connector J12 2 29 IDE Interface Configuration 2 31 Compact Flash Solid State Disk 2 32 Flat Panel CRT Video Controller 2 33 Connecting a CRT J5 2 33 Connec...

Page 5: ...2 77 DRAM Memory 2 77 Error Halt 2 77 System POST 2 77 SETUP Page 2 Options Peripheral Configuration 2 78 Extended BIOS 2 78 Serial Port 2 79 Parallel Port 2 79 Floppy Interface Enable 2 80 IDE Inter...

Page 6: ...vi Onboard Peripherals 3 2 Support Software 3 6 Mechanical and Environmental Specifications 3 7 Index...

Page 7: ...echnical solutions The Ampro Engineering University is also available at the Web Site Ampro Engineering University was created as a resource for embedded system developers to share Ampro s knowledge i...

Page 8: ...viii This page left intentionally blank...

Page 9: ...d systems It is designed to meet the size power consumption temperature range quality and reliability demands of embedded applications Among the many embedded PC enhancements that ensure fail safe emb...

Page 10: ...onochrome LCD panels using a Frame Rate Modulation FRM and dithering techniques Standard Panel Support in the VIDEO BIOS The VIDEO BIOS supports a number of standard flat panel displays selectable fro...

Page 11: ...drives in any combination IDE Interface An onboard IDE interface provides high speed hard disk and CD ROM drive access The interface supports up to two drives The BIOS supports hard drives up to 8 4G...

Page 12: ...s for ODI NDIS packet and TCP IP are supplied with the Little Board 486e Development Kit OS support includes QNX UNIX Windows 9x Windows NT Windows CE and DOS The Ethernet interface provides boot PROM...

Page 13: ...d to ensure a reliable and stable system for use in these harsh and demanding applications ISO 9001 Manufacturing Ampro is a certified ISO 9001 vendor Regulatory testing Knowing that many embedded sys...

Page 14: ...t Limits The stresses applied during this testing greatly exceed those expected during normal operation The intent of the test is to subject the unit to progressively greater extremes of temperature r...

Page 15: ...e on the Common Utilities diskette Table 1 1 summarizes the configuration parameters you can modify using SETUP Table 1 1 Summary of SETUP Options Date and time in the battery backed real time clock F...

Page 16: ...upplies Floppy disk drive Hard disk drive Speaker I O connectors Two slot PC backplanes The Development Platform provides a known good environment for your development work You can install the Little...

Page 17: ...PC 104 compatible expansion bus SETUP function Interface Connector Summary Refer to Figure 2 1 for the locations of the connectors P1A B P2C D J2 J7 J11 J16 and configuration jumpers W1 W14 Table 2 1...

Page 18: ...n the mating ribbon cable to prevent misalignment You can design PC boards with female connectors in the same relative positions as the Little Board s connectors This eliminates cables meets packaging...

Page 19: ...ard Disk J14 Floppy J7 Ethernet J11 Serial 1 2 J15 Parallel Port J13 Serial 3 4 J10 Power PC 104 Expansion Bus W3 Compact Flash Master Slave W6 RS 485 Termination No Enable W5 RS 232 RS 485 RS 232 W4...

Page 20: ...ompact Flash Master Slave Selector OFF Slave W4 Watchdog Timer Output Select IOCHECK Reset OFF No Selection W5 Serial 2 RS 232 RS 485 Select 1 2 RS 232 W6 RS 485 Termination Enable OFF No Enable W7 Se...

Page 21: ...rved 2E8h 2EFh Fourth serial port 278h 27Fh Secondary parallel printer port 1F8h 1FFh Ampro reserved 1F0h 1F7h IDE hard disk interface 102 Video Controller Global Enable 0F0h 0FFh Reserved 0C0h 0DFh D...

Page 22: ...able 2 4 J10 Power Connector Pin Connection 1 12VDC 5 input 2 3 Ground return 4 5VDC 5 input Table 2 5 J10 Mating Connectors Connector Type Mating Connector Discrete Wire AMP Housing 1 480424 0 AMP PI...

Page 23: ...ulate properly unless they are loaded to some minimum value If this is the case consult the manufacturer for information regarding additional loading or use another supply or another type of power sou...

Page 24: ...sk the NMI and continue The other is to reboot the system This requires operator intervention If you want an automatic response to the NMI you can provide an NMI handler in your application and patch...

Page 25: ...d you must run SETUP again to save the new value in the Configuration Memory Onboard memory is allocated as follows standard for the PC architecture The first 640K bytes of DRAM are assigned to the DO...

Page 26: ...nd VGA video A0000 AFFFFh 000000h 09FFFFh Onboard DRAM Expanded Memory and Extended Memory Extended memory is a contiguous linear block of memory above 1M byte Some programs require that memory be ava...

Page 27: ...require handshaking in one or both directions Consult the documentation for any device s used for information about handshaking cabling and other interface considerations Information about serial por...

Page 28: ...or they can be disabled and use no interrupt at all Jumper options are provided to independently select the wired or configuration or independent interrupts for Serial 3 and Serial 4 See Figure 2 3 t...

Page 29: ...her Serial 1 is discovered The ROM BIOS scans I O addresses for serial ports in the following order 3F8h 2F8h 3E8h and 2E8h Serial Port Connectors J11 J13 Serial 1 and Serial 2 appears on connector J1...

Page 30: ...OUT IN 8 6 3 4 2 5 20 22 7 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 Serial 2 J11 or Serial 4 J13 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 DCD DSR RXD RTS TXD CTS DTR RI GND N A Data Carrier Detect Data Set Ready Receive Data Request...

Page 31: ...mating connectors to J6 Table 2 10 RS 485 Serial Port 2 Connector J6 Pin Signal Name 1 I O 2 I O Table 2 11 J6 Mating Connector Connector Type Mating Connector Discrete Wire Locking Connector MOLEX H...

Page 32: ...but only 4 are populated The 4 center conductors are wired so that the two outside and the two inside conductors are connected together This eliminates any confusion about pin numbering conventions as...

Page 33: ...ty of the user s software to prevent two transmitters from being enabled at the same time Figure 2 7 illustrates the Little Board 486e RS 485 interface wiring Figure 2 7 RS 485 Interface Wiring Interc...

Page 34: ...al 1 or Serial 2 Use SETUP to configure the Little Board 486e CPU to use its serial console support feature The configuration memory stores serial console configuration parameters Caution Be careful w...

Page 35: ...onsole port from the internal COM port table normally used by DOS to locate the serial ports With the port deleted from the COM port table DOS cannot change its parameters If you use a serial console...

Page 36: ...support serial booting and serial programming Using a Serial Modem Any RS 232C port can be used as a modem interface Serial port initialization is not an issue since most PC communications programs co...

Page 37: ...registers is shown in Table 2 15 Table 2 15 Parallel Port Register Map Address Register Name Primary Secondary Data Port 378h 278h Status Port 379h 279h Control Port 37Ah 27Ah I O Addresses Four I O...

Page 38: ...ontrol one of the following Parallel connected external peripherals An LCD display Scan keyboards Sense switches Interface with optically isolated I O modules All data and interface control signals ar...

Page 39: ...llel Port Interrupt The parallel port can be configured to generate an interrupt request upon a variety of conditions In most applications the interrupt is not used The standard parallel port interrup...

Page 40: ...Bits Register Bit Signal Name or Function In Out Active High Low J15 Pin DB25F Pin DATA 378h 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Data 0 Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 Data 5 Data 6 Data 7 I O I O I O I O I O I O I O I O Hi...

Page 41: ...Pin 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 STROBE Data 0 Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Data 4 Data 5 Data 6 Data 7 ACK BUSY PAPER OUT SEL OUT Output data strobe LSB of printer data MSB of printer data Character acc...

Page 42: ...nput 1 indicates paper end ACK Acknowledge Reflects the status of the ACK input 0 indicates a printer received a character BUSY Busy Reflects the complement of the BUSY input 0 indicates a printer is...

Page 43: ...be used Drive Select Jumpering Jumper both drives for the second drive select standard on PC drives Floppy Cable For systems with two drives a floppy cable with conductors 10 16 twisted between the t...

Page 44: ...f J14 meets the AT standard for floppy drive cables Table 2 24 shows the manufacturer s part numbers for mating connectors Table 2 23 Floppy Disk Interface Connector J14 Pin Signal Name Function In Ou...

Page 45: ...any CD ROM drives designed to use the IDE interface If you attach a CD ROM drive to the IDE port you need a driver supplied by the CD ROM drive manufacturer to access the device IDE Connector J12 The...

Page 46: ...HOST D11 Data bit 11 I O 11 HOST D3 Data bit 3 I O 12 HOST D12 Data bit 12 I O 13 HOST D2 Data bit 2 I O 14 HOST D13 Data bit 13 I O 15 HOST D1 Data bit 1 I O 16 HOST D14 Data bit 14 I O 17 HOST D0 Da...

Page 47: ...e Mating Connector Ribbon 3M 3417 7600 Discrete Wire MOLEX Housing 22 55 2402 PIN 16 02 0103 IDE Interface Configuration Use SETUP to specify the IDE hard disk drive type Refer to the SETUP section la...

Page 48: ...lash interface can be configured to emulate a master or slave IDE device in the system To configure the drive as master install a jumper on W3 To configure the drive as slave remove the jumper on W3 A...

Page 49: ...voltage for most common LCD flat panel displays It mounts to this connector For details about the Vee Supply Option refer to it s section below CRT J5 10 pin Shrouded 100 Header Provides connections f...

Page 50: ...DB 9 1 Red 1 1 2 Ground 6 6 3 Green 2 2 4 Ground 7 7 5 Blue 3 3 6 Ground 8 8 7 Horizontal Sync 13 4 8 Ground 10 9 9 Vertical Sync 14 5 10 5V Power with Fuse _ _ Table 2 29 J5 Mating Connectors Part D...

Page 51: ...mine how to wire a cable for the panel you choose for your application Cable diagrams for Ampro supported panels can be found on the Utilities diskette Jumper W10 is a 6 pin header that allows for sel...

Page 52: ...lso called Frame Sync or Scan Start up Flat panel equivalent to VSYNC 12 31 VD0 VD19 Panel video data 0 through 19 in order For 8 9 12 or 16 bit flat panels 36 ENABKL Enable backlight Power control fo...

Page 53: ...ower supply is connected special enabling signals ENVEE and ENVDD provided on the J3 connector must be used to enable this supply As an option Ampro provides a Vee bias supply board that will interfac...

Page 54: ...h programming utility to do this To install a new video BIOS follow this procedure 1 Remove EMM386 HIMEM and other extended memory managers from your CONFIG SYS or AUTOEXEC BAT files No extended memor...

Page 55: ...D Bias Supply option mounts parallel to the Little Board 486e CPU connected to the board via a 12 pin connector J4 Secure the board to the Little Board 486e CPU using a 6 inch standoff Table 2 32 show...

Page 56: ...to accommodate various ambient lighting conditions The board provides a jumper and control signal to allow the attachment of a remote potentiometer To use the contrast potentiometer on the LCD Bias Su...

Page 57: ...41 Example Suppose the following Vee values are shown in the panel s data sheet Vee max 24V Vee min 20V Calculate the required resistor values as follows Ra 270 24 1 5 1 12 Ra 6K ohms Rb 270 20 1 5 1...

Page 58: ...network stations communicate A segment cable is usually made up of several cable lengths connected together A segment is limited in its total length and the number of network stations it can support...

Page 59: ...re Microsoft LAN Manager QNX Other popular network operating system providers Contact LanWorks at the following address for information about their bootware LanWorks Technologies Inc 2425 Skymark Ave...

Page 60: ...lephone type modular connector which is the normal connector used with standard twisted pair cables Table 2 33 lists the signals and pin numbers of J7 Table 2 33 RJ45 Twisted Pair Connector J7 J7 Pin...

Page 61: ...NOS installed Modern network architectures are based on the Open Standards Interconnect OSI model that defines Layers of software between the network hardware Network operating system Applications th...

Page 62: ...kstation SMC9000 COM OS 2 ODI Workstation Requester Novell ODI on workstation SMC9000 SYS LAN Manager Microsoft NDIS for DOS SMC9000 DOS LAN Manager Microsoft NDIS on Windows for Workgroups SMC9000 DO...

Page 63: ...nique ID Developers creating network applications must know whether the manufacturer s ID for network adapters attached to the network are important or not Ampro s 24 bit manufacturer s ID for Etherne...

Page 64: ...s that can be installed in the byte wide socket The table gives examples of generic part numbers the size of the device K bytes and the DIP package pin count It also lists the SSD device type used by...

Page 65: ...d in the byte wide socket must have access times of 250 nS or less If you install a device that is smaller than the selected window size the contents of the device are duplicated in the byte wide sock...

Page 66: ...erating system which can be programmed into the devices you install in the byte wide sockets The Ampro ROM BIOS treats these devices like one or more disk drives loading the programs into DRAM for exe...

Page 67: ...IRST BH 00h SECOND BH 10h THIRD BH 20h FOURTH BH 30h FIFTH BH 40h SIXTH BH 50h SEVENTH BH 60h EIGHTH BH 70h 1M 16 FIRST BH 00h SECOND BH 10h THIRD BH 20h FOURTH BH 30h FIFTH BH 40h SIXTH BH 50h SEVENT...

Page 68: ...080 32 1 3 7 9 Byte Wide Socket Signals A jumper W2 for S0 configures the byte wide sockets for specific memory devices Table 2 39 lists the signals that appear on the pins of W2 Table 2 39 Byte Wide...

Page 69: ...8K 5V Flash EPROM 29F010 256K 5V Flash EPROM 29F020 512K 5V Flash EPROM 29F040 32 1 3 7 9 FLASH EPROM Programming To program a Flash device in byte wide socket S0 use the FlashWRI EXE utility supplied...

Page 70: ...AM Typical Devices Pins Jumper Diagram 128K SRAM 628128 512K SRAM 628512 32 1 3 7 9 Non volatile RAM Non volatile RAM can be used as a means of dramatically storing and retrieving runtime application...

Page 71: ...e External back up battery for the real time clock Table 2 42 shows the pinout and signal definitions of the Utility Connector Since there are connections for diverse features on this single connector...

Page 72: ...age 4 Ground Ground return 5 LED Anode LED current source 5V through 330 ohms 6 EXSMI External SMI 7 Speaker PC audio signal output 8 Ground Ground 9 Reset To one side of the manual reset button 10 N...

Page 73: ...rough a 300 ohm resistor Push Button Reset Connection J16 1 provides a connection for an external normally open momentary switch to manually reset the system Connect the other side of the switch to gr...

Page 74: ...pport the clock for about 10 years Use the Ampro SETUP utility to set the current time and date in the real time clock as well as SETUP information in the CMOS RAM portion of the clock chip configurat...

Page 75: ...et using SETUP to be long enough to guarantee that the system can boot and pass control to the application Once the system is booted and the application is running the application must periodically re...

Page 76: ...sed from the command line or in a batch program to manage the watchdog timer It is called WATCHDOG and is described in the Ampro Common Utilities manual Note Some versions of DOS turn off the real tim...

Page 77: ...pplied NMI interrupt service routine is installed it can test to see if the I O Channel Check NMI occurred by reading I O port 61h bit 6 Bit 6 is true 1 if the NMI occurred Note Following the occurren...

Page 78: ...It has extra ground positions at each end of the connector C0 D0 and D19 C19 is a key pin The extra grounds C0 and D0 are numbered 0 to keep the pin numbers of the remaining signals on the connector t...

Page 79: ...increases the thickness of the package by 0 66 inches 15 mm See Figure 2 12 Figure 2 12 Stacking PC 104 Modules with the Little Board 486e CPU Using Standard PC and AT Bus Cards Since the PC 104 bus...

Page 80: ...osstalk Use a backplane that has power and ground planes between trace layers and run guard traces between sensitive bus signals Eliminating Reset and TC Noise Many cards have asynchronous TTL logic i...

Page 81: ...rs shown in the following tables correspond to the scheme normally used on ISA expansion bus card sockets Rather than numerical designations 1 2 3 they have alphanumeric designations A1 A2 B1 B2 etc T...

Page 82: ...ss Enable Address bit 19 Address bit 18 Address bit 17 Address bit 16 Address bit 15 Address bit 14 Address bit 13 Address bit 12 Address bit 11 Address bit 10 Address bit 9 Address bit 8 Address bit...

Page 83: ...O Write I O Read DMA Acknowledge 3 DMA Request 3 DMA Acknowledge 1 DMA Request 1 Memory Refresh Sys Clock Interrupt Request 7 Interrupt Request 6 Interrupt Request 5 Interrupt Request 4 Interrupt Requ...

Page 84: ...ress bit 22 Address bit 21 Address bit 20 Address bit 19 Address bit 18 Address bit 17 Memory Read Memory Write Data Bit 8 Data Bit 9 Data Bit 10 Data Bit 11 Data Bit 12 Data Bit 13 Data Bit 14 Data B...

Page 85: ...Interrupt Request 11 Interrupt Request 15 Interrupt Request 14 DMA Acknowledge 0 DMA Request 0 DMA Acknowledge 5 DMA Request 5 DMA Acknowledge 6 DMA Request 6 DMA Acknowledge 7 DMA Request 7 5 Volt P...

Page 86: ...le 2 50 and Table 2 51 provide a summary of the normal interrupt and DMA channel assignments on the Little Board 486e CPU Table 2 50 Interrupt Channel Assignments Interrupt Function IRQ0 IRQ1 IRQ2 IRQ...

Page 87: ...3 Available for 16 bit transfers Available for 16 bit transfers Available for 16 bit transfers Table 2 52 summarizes the available interrupt assignments for all subsystems on the Little Board 486e CPU...

Page 88: ...displayed on four screens To configure the board modify the fields on these screens and save the results in the onboard configuration memory Configuration memory consists of portions of the CMOS RAM i...

Page 89: ...socket Enable disable serial boot loader Enable disable watchdog timer Configure video display 3 Extended Serial Console Configuration Configure serial port parameters for serial console output Confi...

Page 90: ...urate All other parameters are saved in the EEPROM Figure 2 13 shows what can be configured using SETUP page 1 Sections following the figure describe each option Figure 2 13 SETUP Page 1 Date mm dd yy...

Page 91: ...h floppy formats 360K 720K 1 2M and 1 44M byte The ROM BIOS also supports dual capacity use of high density floppy drives systems can be read and booted from 360K floppies in a 1 2M 5 1 4 inch drive a...

Page 92: ...s sectors and cylinders to logical block numbers Due to differences in the translation schemes used by different system BIOSes LBA compatible drives that were formatted on Ampro systems may not functi...

Page 93: ...Until this procedure is accomplished an error message appears during POST If an error message appears during POST and the amount of memory installed was not changed it indicates that at least part of...

Page 94: ...disabling the extended portion of the BIOS Application Notes and other documentation describing the specific Ampro extended BIOS services and how they are used are available from Ampro Technical Suppo...

Page 95: ...le a serial port the designations of all higher numbered COM ports changes See the Serial Port section of this Chapter for more information Parallel Port The Little Board 486e parallel port SETUP allo...

Page 96: ...sabled the I O ports and IRQ assigned to the IDE controller become available allowing them to be used by other devices installed on the expansion bus Table 2 57 lists the resources used by the IDE int...

Page 97: ...st display and everything else that DOS or an application would display until a call is made to the video BIOS The following is an example of code that reenables the display inhibited by this option i...

Page 98: ...in this chapter The byte wide socket has no hardware provisions for paging large memory devices and is not recommended for SSD 64K byte maximum Serial Boot Loader Enable This parameter enables or disa...

Page 99: ...wish to use an unsupported panel for your application you must modify the video BIOS to support the new panel Ampro provides a video BIOS modification kit to do this Contact your Ampro sales represen...

Page 100: ...Serial programming Automatically update system software through a serial port This feature permits replacing code in a FLASH device installed in the byte wide socket For more information about these...

Page 101: ...nector to the appropriate handshake signals on the external serial device s interface connector Serial Console Input Setup Enter the communication parameters for the console input serial port Set the...

Page 102: ...OS RAM and configuration EEPROM Drive and path are optional in the file name Wfile ext Write CMOS RAM and EEPROM contents to the file specified The file name may contain an optional drive and path You...

Page 103: ...this might vary with different types and versions of DOS typical communication parameter settings are 2400 baud even parity 7 bits and 1 stop bit Usually an application program that uses a serial port...

Page 104: ...es to Flash devices in byte wide sockets SETUP A utility used to access the ROM BIOS SETUP function from the DOS command line SERLOAD A serial loader utility for downloading files from a remote host p...

Page 105: ...ration Award ROM BIOS with Ampro embedded system extensions Embedded PC System Enhancements One 32 pin byte wide memory socket Usable with 128K to 1M byte EPROMs 128K to 512K byte FLASH EPROMs 128K to...

Page 106: ...pports up to two hard disk drives PCI Flat Panel CRT Video Controller Supports CRT LCD and EL displays Uses the C T 65550 High Performance Flat Panel CRT VGA Controller Onboard display RAM 2M bytes st...

Page 107: ...xt Mono 80x25 80x25 80x25 9x16 9x14 9x8 720x400 720x350 720x350 28 322 31 5 70 D Planar 16 40x25 8x8 320x200 25 175 31 5 70 E Planar 16 80x25 8x8 640x200 25 175 31 5 70 F Planar Mono 80x25 8x14 640x35...

Page 108: ...101 8x16 640x480 25 175 31 5 36 31 5 37 5 43 3 60 75 85 512K 512K 512K 31 Pack Pixel 256 100 8x16 640x400 25 175 31 5 70 256K 32 Pack Pixel 256 103 8x16 800x600 36 40 49 5 56 25 35 1 37 9 46 9 53 7 56...

Page 109: ...6A Planar 16 102 8x16 800x600 36 40 49 5 56 25 35 1 37 8 46 9 53 7 56 60 75 85 256K 256K 256K 256K 64 Planar 16 104 8x16 1024 x 768 44 9 65 78 75 94 5 35 5 48 4 60 68 7 43 I 60 75 85 512K 512K 512K 5...

Page 110: ...can be installed in the board s byte wide socket only in S0 Support Software Enhanced Embedded PC BIOS features Solid State Disk SSD support Watchdog timer WDT support Fast boot and blank POST option...

Page 111: ...byte DRAM 100 MHz 80486DX4 CPU 1 46 Amps at 5V 5 Operating environment Standard 0 to 70 C with adequate airflow Extended temperature range can be tested by special order Contact Ampro for details 5 to...

Page 112: ...No Selection W13 Ethernet SEEP Enable W14 Power Fail Monitor No Enable P1 P2 J6 RS 485 W3 Compact Flash Master Slave W6 RS 485 Termination No Enable W5 RS 232 RS 485 RS 232 J2 Compact Flash Card W8 Se...

Page 113: ...Technical Specifications 3 9...

Page 114: ......

Page 115: ...es expansion bus 2 64 IDE 2 29 modem 2 20 clock 2 58 2 75 COM port table 2 19 Compact Flash interface 2 32 Compact Flash device 2 32 Compact Flash disk 3 configuration summary 2 4 configuration files...

Page 116: ...2 27 interface IDE 2 29 interrupts 2 70 J jumpering byte wide 2 52 jumpering general information 2 4 L LanWorks Technologies Inc 2 43 large memory devices 2 50 LCD Bias Supply option 2 39 LED power 2...

Page 117: ...ole option 2 19 2 84 serial handshake 2 19 serial port 2 11 2 79 2 87 configuration 2 11 connectors 2 13 interrupt 2 12 serial ports 3 serial programming 2 20 SETUP 2 72 page 1 2 74 page 2 2 78 page 3...

Page 118: ...Little Board 486e Technical Manual Index 4...

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