ZyXEL Communications VES-1616F-44, User Manual

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VES-1616F/1624F-44 User’s Guide
Chapter 22 Multicast 157
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H A P T E R
22
Multicast
This chapter shows you how to configure various multicast features.
22.1 Multicast Overview
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender to 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender to everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets
to just a group of hosts on the network.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a session-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. Refer to RFC 1112 and
RFC 2236 for information on IGMP versions 1 and 2 respectively.
See Section 22.2 on page 158 to configure multicast.
22.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses
In IPv4, a multicast address allows a device to send packets to a specific group of hosts
(multicast group) in a different subnetwork. A multicast IP address represents a traffic
receiving group, not individual receiving devices. IP addresses in the Class D range (224.0.0.0
to 239.255.255.255) are used for IP multicasting. Certain IP multicast numbers are reserved by
IANA for special purposes (see the IANA web site for more information).
22.1.2 IGMP Filtering
With IGMP filtering, you can control which IGMP groups a subscriber on a port can join. This
allows you to control the distribution of multicast services (such as content information
distribution) based on service plans and types of subscription.
You can set the switch to filter the multicast group join reports on a per-port basis by
configuring an IGMP filtering profile and associating the profile to a port.
22.1.3 IGMP Snooping
A layer-2 switch can passively snoop on IGMP Query, Report and Leave (IGMP version 2)
packets transferred between IP multicast routers/switches and IP multicast hosts to learn the IP
multicast group membership. It checks IGMP packets passing through it, picks out the group
registration information, and configures multicasting accordingly.