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Transmission Modes

WAVECOM Decoder W74PC, W-PCI/e, W-CODE, W-CLOUD Manual V9.1.0

Parameter

Value

Frequency range

Operation modes

Baudot, ASCII

Modulation

VFT FSK

Symbol rate

45.45, 50, 75, 100, 103.7 Bd, variable 30-110 Bd

Pilot Tone

560 Hz

Receiver settings

DATA, CW, LSB or USB

Input format(s)

AF, IF

Theoretically the system may handle channel dropouts of up to 3 seconds before errors occur. An un-
modulated pilot tone is transmitted at 560 Hz.

Tune to the “

Pilot Tone

”.

Center (Hz)

Space (Hz)

Mark (Hz)

Pilot Tone

560

CH1

850

765

935

CH2

1190

1105

1275

CH3

1530

1445

1615

CH4

1870

1785

1955

CH5

2210

2125

2295

CH6

2550

2465

2635

CH7

2890

2805

2975



Channel spacing: 340 Hz



Shift: 170 Hz



Channels are delayed by a multiple of 1.024 seconds



Symbol rate: 45-100 Baud



Modes: Baudot, ASCII, and some FEC modes

Use the alphabet option to select the correct protocol and alphabet.

BULG-ASCII

For BULG-ASCII the standard baud rates 110 to 600 Bd may be directly selected. Other baud rates up to
1200 Baud may be selected using the variable baud rate option.

Summary of Contents for W-CLOUD

Page 1: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 by WAVECOM ELEKTRONIK AG...

Page 2: ...uction in whole or in part in any form is prohibited without written consent of the copyright owner The publication of information in this document does not imply freedom from patent or other protecti...

Page 3: ...e Installation W CODE W74PC W PCI and W PCIe 15 W CODE Server Control 16 W CODE Device Serial Number 16 W CLOUD Networking 17 W CODE Licensing 18 Software Uninstall 19 First start 21 W CODE First Star...

Page 4: ...ellite Settings 54 License 55 Custom Inputs 56 Custom Alphabets 64 SR Fine Tuning 65 SR Calibration 65 View Menu 67 Window Menu 67 Help Menu 67 Contents 68 WAVECOM on the Web 68 About W CODE 68 Other...

Page 5: ...ng 110 Encryption 112 Channel Coding 113 Equalization 114 Synchronization 114 Multiplexing and Multiple Access 115 Modulation 115 ASK Amplitude Shift Keying 116 FSK Frequency Shift Keying 116 PSK Phas...

Page 6: ...2 163 DUP FEC 2 163 DZVEI 164 EEA 165 EFR 165 EIA 166 ERMES 167 EURO 169 FEC A 169 FELDHELL 170 FLEX 171 FM HELL 171 FMS BOS 172 GMDSS DSC HF 174 GMDSS DSC VHF 174 GOLAY GSC 175 G TOR 176 GW FSK 177...

Page 7: ...IVIA 209 ORBCOMM 210 PACKET 1200 211 PACKET 300 212 PACKET 9600 213 PACTOR 213 PACTOR FEC 214 PACTOR II 215 PACTOR II AUTO 216 PACTOR II FEC 216 PACTOR III 217 PACTOR 4 219 PCCIR 219 PDZVEI 220 PICCOL...

Page 8: ...EI VDEW 270 Classifier Optional 273 Overview 273 Classifier 273 How the Classifier Works 273 Classifier User Interface 273 Caveats 278 Classifier Code Check HF CCC 278 How the Classifier Code Check Wo...

Page 9: ...uction 323 Options 324 Settings 324 Run 326 Serial Link 326 Introduction 326 Getting Started 327 Status Information 327 Remote Control 328 XML 328 WAVECOM Data Formats 329 IP CONF TCP IP Data Format 3...

Page 10: ...me 354 Dispatch 354 Return of goods 354 Payment 354 Reservation of ownership 354 Cancellation 354 Changes of order quantities 354 Legal domicile 354 Warranty 355 Obligation 355 Copyright 355 Liability...

Page 11: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 General Information 1...

Page 12: ...ares with two physically independent channels W74PC is a hardware decoder with four physically independent channels The decoder software W CODE supports all these three hardwares W CODE works also as...

Page 13: ...065 FSK Improvements and modifications W51PC removed ATIS changed New chapter WAVECOM TCP IP Data File Format WiNRADiO Setup Time cursors in sonagram New manual layout 6 6 5 0 2 Jul 2008 New protocols...

Page 14: ...W CODAN 9001 CLOVER 2 W CLOVER 2 and CLOVER 2000 W CLOVER 2000 Improvements and modifications Modems modes added incl new Modem Settings and Modem Input File options OSI Level removed MIL STD tuning c...

Page 15: ...col PSK 250 New amateur radio modes implementing the FLARQ protocol VDL M2 New digital aeronautical data link mode W PACTOR III Initial release of WAVECOM s implementation of PACTOR III IP PXGF TCP IP...

Page 16: ...ocumentation extended SR Calibration added SAT Translation Frequency Tuning Bar changed to SAT Frequency Tuning Bar and new functions added PSK mode tuning window cursors are now merged into one singl...

Page 17: ...mode NXDN demodulated symbol Add a switch output demod symbol with on and off to output the bit stream directly after the demodulator This parameter also added into XML interface STANAG 4285 has a de...

Page 18: ...Nov 2014 TETRA SNDCP output New mode CLOVER 2500 INMARSAT MINI M now supports HSD M4 SAT B C HSD and SAT mM C HSD Enhancement of PACTOR I all connect frames and free signals are decod ed Enhancement o...

Page 19: ...commended WAVECOM Products and Services W BV BitView Tool The highly sophisticated BitView Tool is an external off line stand alone NET application for analysis of unknown signals BitView has a number...

Page 20: ...le attachment s are output as files The following email sys tems will be recognized and decoded respectively Email system Recognize Decode AMOS Y Y Blast Y N Dualog Y Y GlobeWireless Y Y GTMail Y Y MS...

Page 21: ...W PCI or W PCIe card or installing it into your PC please make sure that you are at tached to the electric ground to avoid damaging static sensitive components on the card or in the comput er Power of...

Page 22: ...87 5 MHz SAW filter Signal level 2 mVrms 0 5 Vrms 20 mVrms 2 5 Vrms with 20 dB attenuator 20 mVrms 2 5 Vrms Input impedance 1 kOhm 50 Ohm Bandwidth 5 kHz 500 kHz Frequency raster DDC 1 0 Hz Input max...

Page 23: ...W74PC is suitable for decoding signals and protocols which require multiple concurrent channels e g the FAX modem protocols INMAR SAT protocols etc W74PC Hardware Installation Before unpacking the W74...

Page 24: ...Number of concurrent independent inputs Four SMA connectors AFIF IF70 1 AFIF IF70 4 each switch able by a mini signal relay Dimensions LxWxH 168x106x22 mm Weight 150 g Power requirement typical value...

Page 25: ...de and process radio data communications over the entire fre quency spectrum W CODE Hardware Installation Insert the USB licence key s in any USB socket Software Installation W CODE W74PC W PCI and W...

Page 26: ...r managing the devices e g soundcards in the computer as well as all the connections made to those devices The WAVECOM Server is started by the GUI for a local connection GUI and devices on the same m...

Page 27: ...status of a W CLOUD device A W CLOUD device may have the following Status Available W CLOUD device is reachable W CODE can connect to it by restarting Offline W CLOUD device is unreachable Busy W CLOU...

Page 28: ...es can be loaded to the CmStick without sending the key to WAVECOM Just click License Up date on the CodeMeter Control Center and follow the information provided by the assistant How to update a licen...

Page 29: ...Limit Displays the number of licenses which are currently used in the user limit mode No User Limit Displays the number of licences that are currently used in the no user limit mode Exclusive Display...

Page 30: ...o to the Settings menu and open Control Panel Select the Add Remove Programs icon Select Install Uninstall Choose WAVECOM W XX from the list Click Add Remove Click on Start and open the Control Panel...

Page 31: ...the decoder is indicated by the WAVECOM Server Control icon in the Windows system tray If the traffic light in the icon is green then the server is operating normally You may also move the mouse over...

Page 32: ...or use the Media Player Recorder to play back a WAV file From the HF Modes VHF UHF Modes or Satellite menus a mode may be selected e g PACTOR II if a PACTOR II signal is played back Tune the demodulat...

Page 33: ...between 1 and 8 c computer The name of the computer to be used for the connection localhost not case sensitive or 127 0 0 1 means that you work with cards on the local comput er Computer name or the...

Page 34: ...ents and Settings All Us ers Application Data WAVECOM Product C ProgramData WAVECOM Product Global Data RW C Documents and Settings All Us ers Documents WAVECOM Product C Users Public Public Documents...

Page 35: ...on a multitasking kernel and can handle several tasks simulta neously and therefore interaction with the menu system will not interrupt the execution of an active func tion This allows for example the...

Page 36: ...and save the received text to this file Save As Text Save received text as an ASCI or Unicode file Save As Bit stream Save a bit stream e g from an auto correlation session as a text file of ASCII 0...

Page 37: ...coder Audio signals are recorded directly from the local sound card and saved as WAV files on the host comput er The input can be a physical device a soundcard or a virtual device a virtual audio cabl...

Page 38: ...hed If the Loop button is not pressed playback will stop at the end of the recording WAV File Before starting a playback or recording operation the user must specify the WAV file to read from or write...

Page 39: ...en adjusting the sound level for recording it is important to ensure that the peak signal power the black line is as high as possible yet never touches the 0 dB mark Failure to keep the peak signal po...

Page 40: ...h Remarks 8 kHz 4 kHz 11 025 kHz 5 5 kHz 16 kHz 8 kHz 22 05 kHz 11 kHz 44 1 kHz 22 kHz 48 kHz 24 kHz Recommended 96 kHz 48 kHz 192 kHz 96 kHz Note Not all sound cards will support all of these sample...

Page 41: ...the input and output signal A problem may occur when monitoring an input from one sound card to an output on another sound card where the sampling clocks used for the input and output will not be syn...

Page 42: ...by another left click It may be difficult to guess or remember to which group a particular mode belongs To facilitate an over view a full screen menu may be opened by clicking the menu item Mode Selec...

Page 43: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 First start 33 HF Modes are organized as follows HF Modes Analysis HF Modes FSK HF Modes MFSK HF Modes PSK OFDM...

Page 44: ...e or IQ The various VHF UHF DIR protocols are displayed in the VHF UHF DIR menu To start decoding of the de sired mode click on it The various analysis tools are displayed in the Analysis menus The de...

Page 45: ...rocessing path The various VHF UHF SUB protocols are displayed in the VHF UHF SUB menu To start decoding of the desired mode click on it The various analysis tools are displayed in the Analysis menus...

Page 46: ...the group item to be selected Now the modes of the group are displayed in a separate menu Start decoding the desired mode by another left click The various analysis tools are displayed in the Analysi...

Page 47: ...ed mode click on it or to select the modes of a group left click or let the mouse rest briefly on the group item to be selected Now the modes of the group are displayed in a separate menu Start decodi...

Page 48: ...nt and normal output The normal output includes fonts for e g Latin Greek Cyrillic Hebrew Arabic alphabets The ASCII character sets for output in German Bulgarian US Swedish Danish Norwegian Chinese o...

Page 49: ...put box the same number may be entered in binary format with the least signifi cant bit to the right In the bottom check boxes a logical 1 is entered with the mouse by clicking in the check box Bit In...

Page 50: ...button to reset all counters to zero Press the Enabled button to toggle sampling of the received characters for the statistics on and off Using the Statistics button the data can be showed ordered by...

Page 51: ...ase correction steps in accordance with the verified reduced phase errors and thus prevent bit glitches and the resulting loss of synchronism It is therefore recom mended to enable IAS as a default Ti...

Page 52: ...MARK SPACE Number of stop bits Bit Sequence order MSB LSB Display format ITA5 ASCII ITA2 HEX BINARY S5066 The STANAG5066 parser can be used with the NATO and MIL STD modems like STANAG4285 STANAG4539...

Page 53: ...ction has several advantages During disturbances in reception a carriage return charac ter may be lost using MSI prevents lines being overwritten and text being lost It should also be consid ered that...

Page 54: ...ult ST will restore the de fault value By right clicking on the display a menu appears SAT Settings For the SAT Modes additional parameters can be set in the Options SAT Settings dialog box These sett...

Page 55: ...MESs should be monitored Enter these MES IDs into the combo box If ranges of MES IDs should be monitored enter and enable each range See SAT System on page 298 Toggle Clicking the Toggle function will...

Page 56: ...removes the payload data from the PLL loop The input signal is then down converted to base band by mixing the carrier in a complex mixer and the resulting signal is the da ta signal BPSK is almost ex...

Page 57: ...e amplitudes are evaluated De pending on the number of tones used the filters are configured as phase linear FIR filters or as IIR filters The SNR is the same as for the mark space demodulator Simulta...

Page 58: ...ng on the mode the baud rate dialog box contains preset values which may be directly selected The new value is selected by double clicking on the preset value or clicking on OK Polarity Click the Pola...

Page 59: ...in wav file format For details regarding Custom Inputs see on page 56 For a soundcard device following inputs are available AF xxx These inputs are used when you work with the sound card The frequenc...

Page 60: ...ilable The input gain can be adjusted between 0 and 100 of the nominal input sensitivity of the selected input When the gain has been adjusted to the desired level press OK to save the setting The adj...

Page 61: ...W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 First start 51 Open Select Open to reload the settings Save As Select Save to save the settings Configuration Menu In the Configuration menu all general setup fun...

Page 62: ...ee Error in the device field there is a problem with the soundcard driver or hard ware Try to reinstall the correct driver Windows Vista or Windows 7 Sound card inputs are only detected when a cable o...

Page 63: ...ll make sense to change the font this depends on the software that was used for the transmission Temp Files Clicking Temp Files opens a configuration window You can set the number of lines to be saved...

Page 64: ...e graphic as long as the cursors are displayed Enable the Backspace support Sometimes in modes like PSK 31 the operator is sending back space characters If backspace support is enabled backspace will...

Page 65: ...iver sets its frequency Use the real time FFT item in the Analysis DIRECT menu and select a bandwidth of 24 kHz to find out the frequency offset of the receiver Adjust the receiver to the NCSC frequen...

Page 66: ...closed The number of custom inputs is limited to 16 Streaming and custom inputs belong together A new custom input has to be defined before streaming can be used to acquire a specific data stream for...

Page 67: ...The Add button is used to create a new custom input The Apply button saves the parameter set tings of a newly created or an edited custom input Pressing the Delete button removes a selected custom in...

Page 68: ...Manual V9 1 0 Add a new WAV File Custom Input Select the Configuration Custom Inputs menu entry to open the configuration dialog for the custom inputs To use a WAV File as signal input source the foll...

Page 69: ...ing the decoder and stored under the name SerialNumberOfW xx Card _ InputName wav Note The WAV file is reloaded each time the Apply button is pressed The Apply button must also be used to save the con...

Page 70: ...s dialog Input Parameter Value Input Name The name of the custom input Device Select Network in the list Port number Enter the a port number The data source must be configured with the same port num b...

Page 71: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 First start 61...

Page 72: ...formats Real Real samples Each sample consists of 1 data item Complex Cartesian Each sample consists of 2 data items which are the real and imaginary parts of a complex number Complex Polar Each samp...

Page 73: ...ges will be saved for the specific custom input The XML file CustomInputs xml located in the Config directory is updated by pressing the Apply but ton Important After modifying custom input parameters...

Page 74: ...List is used to add the user created alphabets to the list of alphabets By pressing the Update List button the Alphabet directory is searched for xml files related to new alphabet If a new one is foun...

Page 75: ...f the latest changes have to be saved press the Save button before pressing OK SR Fine Tuning Sound card sampling frequency accuracy is much more critical for sophisticated digital modes compared to t...

Page 76: ...ptions Fine Tune until the vertical line representing the reference signal is straight Example CHU signal First adjust the center frequency and the bandpass filter settings You will notice that the ve...

Page 77: ...gain and offset These two functionalities SR Fine Tuning and SR Calibration are not available when W PCI or W PCIe is used View Menu In the View menu the visibility of each individual status and indic...

Page 78: ...th the name of the function is displayed tool tip In addition a short help text is displayed on the system status bar Depending on the active mode buttons for which the corresponding function is not a...

Page 79: ...CLOUD device and to enable disable the output of signal from a remote W CLOUD station to the local speaker Level Indicator Click on the Gain icon to adjust the input to the correct level Gain adjustme...

Page 80: ...boxes Selecting a field will not terminate the active mode As far as possible changed values will be immediately used without interrupting data acquisition SAT Frequency Tuning Bar The SAT Frequency T...

Page 81: ...SAT Sonagram SAT Display of the real frequency and step Direct tuning is enabled The C band or L band frequency range depends on the system context set up in the Receiver and Satellite Settings XML Fr...

Page 82: ...easurements may be displayed at each step A value of 1 turns averaging off The averaged display of several measure ments is very helpful when monitoring MFSK and FDM transmissions or during heavy fadi...

Page 83: ...use the peak hold functions during thunderstorms or if tuning the receiver Display Settings To configure other parameters of the FFT select Display Settings The sliders Base level and Range control th...

Page 84: ...already active it will not be terminated or halted by opening the full screen menu Click on Cancel or the Close button to leave the menu The descriptions of the operating modes in another section of...

Page 85: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 First start 75 VHF UHF DIR Mode Selector VHF UHF DIR Analysis Selector...

Page 86: ...76 First start WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 VHF UHF SUB Mode Selector VHF UHF SUB Analysis Selector Satellite Mode Selector...

Page 87: ...WAVECOM Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 First start 77 Satellite Analysis Selector FAX Modem Mode Selector...

Page 88: ...ailable e g when a receiver does not offer optimum filters or when using recorded signals To overcome these obstacles additional passband filters are included in the WAVECOM decoders to assist the ope...

Page 89: ...shift and speed The center frequency can be manually set DXPSK PB bandwidth automatically adjusted depending on center shift and speed The center frequency can be manually set DBPSK PB bandwidth auto...

Page 90: ...The cursor positions are displayed as absolute frequency values the center cursor automatically displays the center value To remove the cursors click on the graphics window again When the cursors have...

Page 91: ...cally updated Automatic tuning is also available It works perfectly as long as there is only one input signal present in the spectrum To apply a filter see Passband Filter Support on page 78 Options c...

Page 92: ...s selected with the right and left cursor With the center cursor the center frequency may be set more precisely The precision of the center frequency is very important and directly influences the perf...

Page 93: ...sis produces a three dimensional display of FFT spectra over time frequency and am plitude The waterfall display aggregates many single measurements to 40 displayed spectra An updated measurement in t...

Page 94: ...e offers many hints to the distribution of a signal spectrum The operation is numerically identical to the real time waterfall analysis and is simply a different method of visualisation Options can be...

Page 95: ...ope is used to measure voltage over time However the oscilloscope displays a rel ative and un calibrated value After obtaining the measurement time frequency can be determined By clicking on the graph...

Page 96: ...erty values may help to identify the transmission being monitored To open the FSK analysis window go to the HF Modes menu and select Analysis FSK Analysis or use the FSK Analysis button The baud rate...

Page 97: ...est intensity and black the lowest A time stamp points to the latest sample taken The latest sample is color inverted to distinguish it from the pre vious samples If the user wishes to examine a parti...

Page 98: ...enter frequency To utilize this option the Auto button must be deselect ed The software will then start data acquisition using the pre selected parameters If a pre selected pa rameter has been changed...

Page 99: ...the figure above will interrupt FSK code checking and immediately start BAUDOT ITA 2 The Hits Checks will show you how often during checking a mode was successfully determined If multiple modes are l...

Page 100: ...en start data acquisition using the pre selected parameters If a pre selected parameter has been changed data acquisition is atomatically restarted The selection of baud rate frequency shift or center...

Page 101: ...ise In Disabled mode the Noise Gate is switched off FSK Code Check SUB FSK code check is started in automatic mode by selecting the Analysis Code Check button or from VHF UHF SUB Analysis FSK Code Che...

Page 102: ...Checks will show you how often during checking a mode was successfully determined If multiple modes are listed this will indicate which mode should be tried If a mode is uniquely identified the softw...

Page 103: ...rference or when more concurrent channels are present To determine the symbol rate a PSK symbol rate analysis tool is provided This tool provides a spectrum display with three zoom levels and allows t...

Page 104: ...al and produce a phase plane display of the output of the demodulator For BPSK and QPSK this provides a check of the quality of the signal When using DPSK this provides an indication of the level of p...

Page 105: ...ence frequency and the true carrier frequency of the signal When adjusting the reference signal the changes are live This means that changes you make immediately take effect and the resulting change i...

Page 106: ...correct bandwidth The center frequency can be set by using the cursors in the FFT Window as shown below or by selecting Center in the Demodulator menu The baud rate can also be configured The number o...

Page 107: ...ode MIL STANAG Code Check The MIL STANAG code check analysis tool is used to determine whether a signal is one of the following MIL STANAG and related transmission modes HF ACARS MIL 188 110A MIL 188...

Page 108: ...loys a graphical display in two dimensions frequency y axis and time x axis Both values may be preset This tool was originally developed for the analysis of analogue tone call systems but is equally s...

Page 109: ...able through the right click menu MFSK Code Check HF MFSK code check is started by selecting the Analysis MFSK Code Check button or from HF Modes Analysis MFSK Code Check The MFSK code check starts wi...

Page 110: ...on Autocorrelation is used for determining the periodicity of bit patterns Periodicity implies a constant repeti tion of a specific bit pattern If a station transmits the idle pattern 0010011011 00100...

Page 111: ...he fact that the system is transmitting data traffic state The user should then wait for an idle state or for some request RQ cycles for closer examination The graphic display only shows approximate w...

Page 112: ...right click menu Bit Correlation The bit correlation and bit length analysis tools allow the measurement of bit length Bit length analysis relies on a statistical evaluation of many individual measur...

Page 113: ...cal representation of V1 channel polarity mark or space corresponds to the value of the displayed time and the converted baud rate Also the correlation can be determined by using bit correlation The n...

Page 114: ...ation or bit length distributions The resolution offered by the sampler option is 14 s 72 000 samples per second After the demodulator has been correctly set up either manually or by using the auto fu...

Page 115: ...as a window containing a graph of the raw binary data By right clicking on one of the two displays a menu appears By selecting Zoom In the mouse cursor changes its shape By clicking and dragging a fie...

Page 116: ...display after using the zoom function The cursors may be moved across the bit pattern The individual positions of the cursors as well as the difference between the two cursors are continuously display...

Page 117: ...enter menu the center frequency may be adjusted It is important to readjust the center fre quency whenever the frequency Span axis is increased Pressing the Detect button starts the SELCAL analysis mo...

Page 118: ...information whereas the same music recorded on a CD has been transformed into digital information imprinted on the surface of the disc Digital information or data is not only text it can also represen...

Page 119: ...t and is measured in symbols sec or Baud Bd So if one channel signaling unit has a duration of 10 ms then the telegraph speed is equal to 1 0 01 100 Bd If the channel has on ly two signaling states e...

Page 120: ...ia printing office that the compositors had sorted the lead types in such a way that the types most frequent ly used were the ones most easily accessible An example of an equal length but non integral...

Page 121: ...sed Other examples of compression codes are ARJ Lempel Ziv JPEG and MPEG the later ones used for video voice and music compression PACTOR and G TOR are examples of the use of redundancy removal source...

Page 122: ...hods and a knowledge of the frequency of characters in various languages Shift register encryption a stream encryption method uses one or more shift registers into which the clear language message is...

Page 123: ...nique by which the Information Sending Station ISS transmits information in such a way that the Information Receiving Station IRS is able to detect transmission errors and then ask for repetition of t...

Page 124: ...the use of which has ena bled communicators to come very close to the theoretical bandwidth limit of a communication channel Modern technology has enabled more sophisticated approaches to combat the c...

Page 125: ...a different alphabet or system One such system used in HF communications is the CODAN 16 carrier QPSK system With time division multiplexing TDM or time division multiple access TDMA each data source...

Page 126: ...urn modu lates a carrier using suppressed carrier SSB keying or by directly modulating a carrier Decoding can be done from the receiver AF or IF output USB LSB CW or FAX demodulator Examples of this t...

Page 127: ...s to be transmitted are fastened to a revolving drum and illuminated by a light source The drum is then scanned by a light sensor moving along the axis of the drum The voltage output from this sensor...

Page 128: ...5 130 450 131 125 136 700 136 750 136 800 MHz Frequency Japan 131 450 MHz To receive ACARS an omni directional 108 136 MHz antenna a VHF AM receiver scanner with 13 kHz channel bandwidth and a corresp...

Page 129: ...station will transmit after having monitored the HF channel for traffic otherwise it waits until the chan nel is clear If a collision occurs between the packets of two stations transmitting at the sa...

Page 130: ...e in minutes and seconds after the hour is used other formats are also in use The flight is Swissair SR6767 A few examples of the more important or frequently seen ACARS messages M 06 ADDR HB IND TA N...

Page 131: ...d One Time Division Multiple Access TDMA frame corresponds to one minute and contains 2250 slots Each frame contains an 8 bit ramp up and a 24 bit synchronization sequence At the beginning and end of...

Page 132: ...a decreased level pilot carrier to reduce bandwidth Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Broadcast FEC Modulation BPSK Symbol rate 1187 5 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input fo...

Page 133: ...Set up is a simplex system operating with a baud rate of 240 82 baud ALIS 2 is described in the Report of the CCIR 1990 Fixed Service at Frequencies below about 30 MHz of the ITU Parameter Value Frequ...

Page 134: ...mall part of the computer s 64 kBit memory is used by IPS as workspace 256 bytes of data collected via a 128 channel ADC and 128 bytes of digital data is stored in this area called the IPS SysPage The...

Page 135: ...data packets are printed out as raw data and are not further analyzed The Offset should be set to the center frequency of the channel to be decoded The Polarity of the signal is detected automaticall...

Page 136: ...operate continuously and send the idle bit pattern if no traffic is transmitted ARQ E3 ARQ E3 systems often operate at Symbol rates of 48 50 96 192 and 288 Baud on the radio link Parameter Value Freq...

Page 137: ...TT recommendation the repetition cycle may span 4 or 8 characters as is the case with ARQ E The longer RQ cycle of 8 characters has never been monitored In addition to the time multiplexing of several...

Page 138: ...e Frequency range HF Operation modes Duplex ARQ Modulation FSK Symbol rate 48 64 72 86 96 and 192 Bd variable 30 650 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info ITA 2...

Page 139: ...never used ATIS ATIS is an abbreviation of Automatic Transmitter Identification System ATIS is used in the VHF UHF ra dio systems on the river Rhine and automatically generates the identification sig...

Page 140: ...is used as an idle character One tone is used as a space character One tone is used as a repetition indicator A transmission is initiated with a start sequence which identifies this mode and may be u...

Page 141: ...s do completely different character assignments e g Arabic alphabets Bagdad 70 and ATU 80 Russian M2 and alphabets using a third shift to accommodate the shift between Latin and another charac ter set...

Page 142: ...ngs FM BW 15 kHz Input format s AF IF Additional Info Signaling data Short Data transfer HDLC possible ETSI standard ETS 300 230 The system operates at 1200 Bit s using indirect FSK modulation in the...

Page 143: ...0 1 1 0 0 0 SysCon 1 1 1 0 0 0 Cust1 0 0 0 1 0 0 TXKeyON 1 0 0 1 0 0 Status5 0 1 0 1 0 0 BusyAck 1 1 0 1 0 0 Reser5 0 0 1 1 0 0 BroCal 1 0 1 1 0 0 Status13 0 1 1 1 0 0 VotNow 1 1 1 1 0 0 Cust5 0 0 0 0...

Page 144: ...RepAck 1 1 0 0 0 1 Reser2 0 0 1 0 0 1 PriCal 1 0 1 0 0 1 Status10 0 1 1 0 0 1 ShorDat 1 1 1 0 0 1 Cust2 0 0 0 1 0 1 TXKeyOFF 1 0 0 1 0 1 Status6 0 1 0 1 0 1 CalBaAck 1 1 0 1 0 1 Reser6 0 0 1 1 0 1 Re...

Page 145: ...and text data Text data is displayed in ASCII format Dialog Data Transfer In case of dialog data transfer the BIIS address word is followed by a HDLC control block This control block is analyzed by t...

Page 146: ...e is transmitted at 560 Hz Tune to the Pilot Tone Center Hz Space Hz Mark Hz Pilot Tone 560 CH1 850 765 935 CH2 1190 1105 1275 CH3 1530 1445 1615 CH4 1870 1785 1955 CH5 2210 2125 2295 CH6 2550 2465 26...

Page 147: ...ssages and files CCIR The entire call number is transmitted by consecutive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be transmitted consecutively then an eleventh frequency is used as...

Page 148: ...If more than two identical digits are to be transmitted the repetition tone is appended to the digit tone e g 22222 is transmitted as f2 fw f2 fw f2 where f2 is the tone for 2 and fw is the repetitio...

Page 149: ...ymbol rate of 75 baud Wavecom Chinese 4 4 decoder uses Hadamard soft decision decoding During decoding the paramater Confidence shows the error correction quality A values above 95 means almost all er...

Page 150: ...mission frequencies Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Full duplex Modulation FSK Symbol rate 100 Bd variable 30 650 Baud Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Addi...

Page 151: ...0 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info Cyrillic third shift with parity CIS 14 employs a radio channel Symbol rate of 96 Baud Synchronizing to a CIS 14 signal...

Page 152: ...operator messages and is mostly unencrypted The au tomatic switching of the tone length is initialized by control sequences When message traffic has to be sent the system switches to 20 or 40 Bd This...

Page 153: ...conditions Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Half duplex ARQ Modulation PSK2A PSK4A PSK8A PSK16A ASK2PSK8 ASK4PSK16 2DPSK2A 4 tones Symbol rate 4 x 31 25 Bd AFC 200 Hz with max singl...

Page 154: ...echniques include binary phase shift keying PSK2A quaternary PSK PSK4A 8 PSK PSK8A 16 PSK PSK16A binary amplitude shift keying combined with 8 PSK ASK2PSK8 quaternary ASK combined with 16 PSK ASK4PSK1...

Page 155: ...3212 HF data modem provides a robust method of data communication over an HF path A standard CODAN 3212 HF data station comprises a CODAN 3212 HF transceiver which is capable of high speed data trans...

Page 156: ...f a CODAN 3212 message begins with a synchronization phase preamble In the preamble the data rate and the interleaver setting are encoded For user data rates up to and including 1200 bps the preamble...

Page 157: ...and no start and stop bits In the STANAG 5066 protocol the number of data bits should be set to 8 bits the synchronization mode should be SYNC the order of synchronization should be LSB and the polar...

Page 158: ...zed start value in secure mode Output of status information Output of recognized frame type Decoding of chat messages into text Decoding of text file transmissions into readable output Decoding of dat...

Page 159: ...her information on Compressed Mode The user can set the decoder decompressor into the initial state with the Mode Resync button in the WAVECOM Toolbar RAW DATA the output consists of synchronized and...

Page 160: ...ithin a multi frame Additionally the transmitting modem may opt to send ALE like parity bit packets in a separate frame and even on another channel within the same multi frame as the payload data pack...

Page 161: ...ing the receiver HF gain or the use of directional antennas to suppress the unwanted signal Real time monitoring issues To capture the contents of a CODAN modem data transmission the monitoring equipm...

Page 162: ...of two tones Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Simplex Modulation MFSK 8 Speed 37 5 50 0 or 75 0 ms Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info ITA 2 Th...

Page 163: ...ces extended protocol Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Simplex FEC Modulation MFSK 8 Speed 37 5 50 0 or 75 0 ms Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional I...

Page 164: ...operates in the sub audio range Applying this Continuous Tone Controlled Squelch System stations may be selectively called either as a single user or as a group Parameter Value Frequency range VHF UHF...

Page 165: ...Info Async FSK only For CV 786 mode standard baud rates from 50 to 150 Baud are available Non standard baud rates may be selected using the Baudrate menu item From Options Alphabet you can select from...

Page 166: ...known as DCSS Digitally Coded Squelch Signaling and is used for selective calls and remote control applications Parameter Value Frequency range VHF Operation modes Digital Selcal Modulation FSK Symbo...

Page 167: ...FSK some PSK only through an XML interface to an external application When Demodulated Bit Stream Output is selected the parameters of the decoder software e g de modulator shift frequency center freq...

Page 168: ...r settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info ITA 5 Transmissions use MSK Minimum Shift Keying with speeds of 100 or 200 baud DGPS has been implemented according to RTCM SC 104 Re...

Page 169: ...receiver and select the correct Po larity From Options use the Message Type menu to select an output method If All Frames is select ed data and voice frames as well as all control frames will be disp...

Page 170: ...he two TDMA slots are sorted in two separate windows The following two screen shots show a DMR data and voice transmission and real communication on a base station respectively DMR decoding voice and...

Page 171: ...network Mode 3 Managed centralized network The current version of the dPMR decoder supports the Modes 1 and 2 as well as the license free dPMR446 operation To use the mode set Offset to the IF output...

Page 172: ...check sum If a transmission error occurs a repeat request is initiated and the last data block is re transmitted Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Semi duplex ARQ Modulation FSK Symb...

Page 173: ...RQ ARTRAC sys tem Each of the two blocks contains a 5 bit checksum inverted Hamming for error detection and a sin gle bit for the global parity odd parity Three 8 bit characters are transmitted in the...

Page 174: ...tted by consecutive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be transmitted consecutively then an eleventh frequency is used as a repetition identifier Parameter Value Frequency range...

Page 175: ...single frequencies has to be within 1 1 5 of the nominal value Decoding the selective calls is started by clicking on a system If transmission and system selection con form the call sign is displayed...

Page 176: ...mat Using Op tions Display Mode the display may be toggled between All frames and Error free frames If messages are not at hand EFR periodically transmits time signals which allow the receivers to syn...

Page 177: ...ocations follow the CEPT T R 25 07 annex 1 recommendation Modulation ERMES modulation is 4 PAM FM The four frequency pulse amplitude modulation carries two bits dibit per frequency step In addition to...

Page 178: ...rk and system information is transmitted within the system subdivision of a batch The system in formation is divided into two parts System Information SI and Supplementary System Information SSI Depen...

Page 179: ...AF IF If more than two identical digits are to be transmitted the repetition tone is appended to the digit tone e g 22222 is transmitted as f2 fw f2 fw f2 where f2 is the tone for 2 and fw is the repe...

Page 180: ...h codeword consists of 14 bits FELDHELL Feld Hell is a synchronous picture telegraph system invented in the 1930s It uses a virtual matrix laid down on the character to be transmitted The pixels of th...

Page 181: ...0 bits sec A B FFSK 3200 Bd 3200 bits sec A C 4FFSK 3200 Bd 6400 bits sec A B C D First a preamble is sent which identifies the modulation type Next a Frame Information Word FIW is transmitted to iden...

Page 182: ...data telegrams always have the same structure and a length of 48 bits regardless of the transmission direction or message contents The actual information is contained in 40 bits The BCD code is used...

Page 183: ...he real time clock of the decoder and output to screen as the first data field BOS Identifier Character BOS Identifier Character Police 1 German Red Cross 9 Federal Border Protection 2 Johanniter Firs...

Page 184: ...ation modes Broadcast Simplex Modulation FSK Symbol rate 100 0 Bd Shift 170 Hz Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info ITA 5 DSC is used on HF and VHF On HF the syste...

Page 185: ...l rate 300 600 Bd adaptive Receiver settings FM BW 15 kHz Input format s IF GOLAY Addressing Format This illustration shows the basic address format of the Golay Sequential Code GSC It is constructed...

Page 186: ...sible from the receiver IF output 455 kHz 10 MHz or 21 MHz G TOR G TOR operates at a radio channel rate of 100 200 or 300 Bd The quality of the radio channel deter mines the actual adjusted baud rate...

Page 187: ...s unknown while the 200 baud sub mode uses a 16 bit CRC for error detection GW FSK operates adaptively so the baud rate can be either 100 or 200 baud The baud rate depends on propagation as well as th...

Page 188: ...ecoder There are long packets containing data and short packets containing control or request information for the ARQ process The decoder can recognize and decode the following packet types Packet typ...

Page 189: ...ived at least one time without corruption In the case of packet repetition the decoder can handle multiple received packets It should be noted that the decompressor has no error correction even one wr...

Page 190: ...io Inc Specification 635 3 published on December 29 2000 The development of HF Data Link service builds on the experiences of ACARS Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System therefore HF...

Page 191: ...t from ground station to aircraft or Downlink MPDU format from aircraft to ground station Only when a HFDL slot is successfully detected the decoder enters the Traffic state otherwise it remains in th...

Page 192: ...the ECC item in the Options menu error correction may be enabled or disabled ICAO SELCAL ICAO selective calling was initially defined in 1985 using twelve tones Tones A to M but without tone I In 1994...

Page 193: ...ettings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF This mode has 16 carriers one Doppler tone at 605 Hz 14 data carriers starting at 935 Hz with tone dis tance of 110 Hz and the 16th carrier at 2915 Hz i...

Page 194: ...error correction is implemented Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Broadcast Modulation FSK Center frequency 1275 Hz Shift 85 Hz Symbol rate 50 75 100 and 150 Bd Modulation FSK Receive...

Page 195: ...the image can be shifted into the cor rect position Flip Left Right and Flip Top Down will reverse the image or turn it upside down MFSK 20 MFSK 20 is a sequential 20 tone mode which is optimized for...

Page 196: ...conds for MFSK 16 between 2 and 7 seconds this main ly depends on the baud rate of the mode During the sync phase no text will be output on the screen After the decoder is synchronized it enters the T...

Page 197: ...gh the transmission of redundant infor mation on certain tones different user data rates can be achieved within a range of 75 to 2400 bps This mode uses FEC and interleaving to combat the effects of f...

Page 198: ...ing a useful data output can only be achieved by selecting the proper mes sage type frame format user data rate interleaver diversity and signal center MIL 188 110A MIL 188 110A Serial single tone is...

Page 199: ...ode the decoded binary data is just displayed as it is In ASCII ASYNC mode the bit stream is searched with an ASCII ASYNC structure i e one start bit 0 8 data bits and at least one stop bit 1 The 8 da...

Page 200: ...the data phase which is of unlimited length The data phase is structured in User Data 20 unknown 8 PSK symbols Channel Probe 20 known 8 PSK symbols pairs The MIL 188 110A MOD decoder demodulates the w...

Page 201: ...for data rates of 3200 4800 6400 8000 and 9600 bps Uncoded operation at 12800 bps is a DO Design Objective The single tone waveforms specified use 8 PSK 16 32 and 64 QAM on a single carrier frequency...

Page 202: ...er the preamble the user data bits are transmitted in blocks of 256 symbols paired with 31 symbol mini probe blocks After 72 user data mini probe pairs a 103 symbol mini preamble is inserted The numbe...

Page 203: ...e set to 1800 Hz when the receiver is correctly tuned to the sending station Small frequency variations are automatically compensated for in the decoder The center frequency of the decoder can be adju...

Page 204: ...dix A which is backwards compatible to MIL 188 141A In both options the frame data can be displayed in ASCII HEX or both ASCII and HEX formats This can be set by using the Display menu Only unencrypte...

Page 205: ...ecoder displays the payload data of BW0 and BW1 in BINARY HEX ASCII ASYNC ASCII ASYNC 7 data bits 0 stop bit and ASCII SYNC formats selected from Options Message Type In the HEX mode the payload data...

Page 206: ...quency range VHF Operation modes Slotted Aloha TDMA system full duplex Modulation FM SUB FFSK Symbol rate 1200 Bd Center frequency 1500 Hz Shift 600 Hz Receiver settings Narrow FM BW 15 kHz Input AF I...

Page 207: ...long For further protection the data bits are interleaved However the frame header is not interleaved and does not have a CRC sum appended Each system is identified by the unique 4 hexadecimal digit...

Page 208: ...elective calls is started by clicking on a system If transmission and system selection con form the call sign is displayed on the monitor In the Options menu a Time stamp function can be ena bled to a...

Page 209: ...ency range Operation modes FAX Modem Speed Up to 33600 bps Modulation Trellis coded QAM HDX Input format s AF Additional information see Modem and FAX Modes on page 309 V 21 BELL103 Parameter Value Fr...

Page 210: ...l information Modem and FAX Modes on page 309 V 32 V 32bis Parameter Value Frequency range 2 Wire Operation modes DATA Modem Full Duplex Modulation 4QAM 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM Trellis coded Modulati...

Page 211: ...ation FM SUB FSK Symbol rate 1200 Bd Center frequency 1500 Hz Shift Bandwidth 600 Hz Receiver settings FM BW 15 kHz Input format s AF IF Additional Info Channel spacing 12 5 kHz NZRI A trunked network...

Page 212: ...control channel for the mobile units is accessed randomly using a particular form of the slotted ALOHA protocol The TSC continuously sends sync messages on the forward control channel to the mobiles...

Page 213: ...ns Station To change the display format of Data Code Words use Options Format NATEL The entire call number is transmitted by consecutive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be tr...

Page 214: ...6 bits Every frame contains 15 bits bit sync sequence fol lowed by an 11 bits frame sync sequence The last 140 bits contains the encoded message In order to combat errors on the radio path due fading...

Page 215: ...Broadcast Modulation FM SUB FSK Center frequency 1822 9 Hz Shift 800 Hz Symbol rate 520 83 Bd Receiver settings FM Input format s AF IF SAME is the abbreviation for Specific Area Message Encoding This...

Page 216: ...otification EAN Tropical Storm Warning TRW Emergency Action Termination EAT Tsunami Watch TSA National Information Center NIC Tsunami Warning TSW National Periodic Test NPT Winter Storm Watch WSA Nati...

Page 217: ...Area 01 Alabama 50 Vermont 02 Alaska 51 Virginia 04 Arizona 53 Washington 05 Arkansas 54 West Virginia 06 California 55 Wisconsin 08 Colorado 56 Wyoming 09 Connecticut 57 Eastern North Pacific Ocean a...

Page 218: ...ssippi 77 Gulf of Mexico and along the U S Gulf Coast from the Mexican border to Bonita Beach FL 29 Missouri 78 Virgin Islands of the U S 30 Montana 79 Wake Island 31 Nebraska 81 Baker Island 32 Nevad...

Page 219: ...alog systems and re duces the complexity of development To use the mode set Offset to the IF output of the receiver The current version implements the decoding of voice and data When a call occurs som...

Page 220: ...at least 90 are displayed in black with a confidence value of at least 50 they are shown in red otherwise a red underline character is displayed A block with a confidence value of less than 75 is not...

Page 221: ...ublic switched network to the GCC GCC to GES GES to Satellite and finally Satellite to SC and SC to the user display Even direct subscriber to subscriber transmissions must pass through an ORBCOMM Gat...

Page 222: ...ck coding amateur AX 25 System The packet radio protocol is a derivative of the X 25 and HDLC computer network protocols Packet radio is a synchronous system in which data is transmitted in ASCII char...

Page 223: ...g 01111110 is sent The address can consist of up to 80 characters but 16 or 24 character addressing is common when using direct connections or a single repeater The packet protocol distinguishes betwe...

Page 224: ...i tates a reduction of the baud rate to 100 Bd PACTOR includes HUFFMAN data compression by design This scheme relies on the fact that frequently oc curring characters e g space e n or i can be represe...

Page 225: ...r Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Simplex ARQ Modulation Two channel DBPSK DQPSK D8PSK D16PSK adaptive 16PSK Symbol rate 100 0 Bd Automatic frequency control AFC 50 Hz Receiver settings DATA...

Page 226: ...was detected the bar is frozen during the entire frame and shows the deviation Now the center frequency may be manually adjusted to fit the correct frequency if necessary If a valid PACTOR II signal w...

Page 227: ...hould be enabled Af ter the demodulation and the bit synchronization the symbols of the two channels are combined to one bit stream After the modulation type has been determined the resulting bit stre...

Page 228: ...level Under very poor conditions PACTOR III changes to speed level 1 whereas under optimum conditions speed level 6 is used As in the previous PACTOR standards the frame durations are still 1 25 seco...

Page 229: ...ACTOR II and PACTOR III but the carriers change frequencies within a frame This is done in order to eliminate single carrier distortions For levels 2 to 10 PACTOR III uses a single PSK modulated carri...

Page 230: ...1747 1 1124 9 1860 2 1197 A 1050 3 1275 B 930 4 1358 C 2400 5 1446 D 991 6 1540 E 2110 7 1640 Tone duration 100 ms PDZVEI The entire call number is transmitted by consecutive tones in decade sequence...

Page 231: ...rease in the signal to noise ratio is achieved by this method PICCOLO MK6 is based on the ITA 2 Baudot alphabet 6 tones are used which results in a total of 36 com binations The tone duration is 2 x 5...

Page 232: ...rtened the tone duration to 2 x 25 ms this is equivalent to a transfer rate of approximately 150 Baud Baudot with 7 5 bit codeword The standby tones were also changed but otherwise the systems are ide...

Page 233: ...t 1200 or 2400 bit s using FFSK modulation For reasons of compatibility with older pagers two different bit rates 512 Bit s and 1200 Bit s or 1200 Bit s and 2400 Bit s are often used on the same frequ...

Page 234: ...eter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Duplex ARQ Modulation FSK Symbol rate 100 150 and 200 Bd variable 30 650 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF POL ARQ operates at...

Page 235: ...mode is to allow a chat type communication between hams Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Simplex Modulation DBPSK Shift Bandwidth 40 Hz Symbol rate 10 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LS...

Page 236: ...h of the spectrum can be switched between 500 Hz 1000 Hz 4000 Hz and 24000 Hz After that the lower limit of the signal may be selected with the left cursor and the upper boundary with the right cursor...

Page 237: ...SK modulation is used The baud rate is optimized to the data rate which an operator can input on a keyboard by hand To recover bit stream after demodulation a Viterbi decoder with K 7 and code rate is...

Page 238: ...e entire call number is transmitted by consecutive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be transmitted consecutively then an eleventh frequency is used as a repetition identifier...

Page 239: ...he speed level and the size of the transmitted packet automatically and shows the result The payload of one packet can be up to 256 Byte The real length of one data packed depends on the amount of dat...

Page 240: ...5 and 218 3 Bd variable 30 650 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info 16 Bit redundancy RUM FEC operates at symbol rates of 164 5 and 218 3 Bd on the radio link...

Page 241: ...be selected All Signaling Units or Messages Only If All Signaling Units is selected all signaling units are shown in hexadecimal except empty signaling units which are skipped If Messages Only is sele...

Page 242: ...tune to the assigned transmit receive frequency pair The forward telex traffic channel from the LES is also a TDM with the same frame structure as the NCS TDM The return channels are all 12 kBaud Alo...

Page 243: ...t Window displays the results of the successfully decoded sessions The decoded data is saved as _Dat txt or _ WAV files The data extracted from the SCPC frames is examined for duplicate or missing pac...

Page 244: ...s IF Mobile stations may be maritime land based or aeronautical The channel rate in both directions is 1200 symbols sec Error protection is achieved by convolutional encoding with R 1 2 and k 7 givin...

Page 245: ...nouncement message presentation field WAVECOM decoder output presentation Pres 0 ASCII Pres 6 Baudot Pres any other HEX In NCSC Auto Mode the decoder interprets the data for the MES of Interest accord...

Page 246: ...itored by dedicated receive only equipment installed separately or as part of an Inmarsat A station The International Maritime Organization has announced that by June 1998 broadcasts of navigational a...

Page 247: ...n is connected to a working navigational receiver If a connection cannot be made the ship s position must be manually updated every four hours during the ship s voyage Without these updates reams of u...

Page 248: ...d Aloha TDMA 8 kbps OQPSK SCPC Required SNR 15 dB 20 dB recommended Input format s IF In idle mode all mobile stations listen to the NCS Network Control Station common TDM channel which carries signal...

Page 249: ...2 4 kbps fax data as well as 64 kbps ISDN The decoder will automatically ad just to the modulation type in use BPSK OQPSK or QAM16 Additional information See SAT Settings on page 44 See SAT System on...

Page 250: ...rate 96 0 192 0 and 200 0 Bd Receiver settings DATA CW LSB or USB Input format s AF IF Additional Info ITA 3 SI ARQ operates at symbol rates of 96 192 or 200 Bd on the radio link SI ARQ uses the ITA...

Page 251: ...SITOR ARQ SITOR ARQ is a simplex system where both stations transmit alternately on the same frequency The CCIR recommendation 476 3 defines a cycle of 450 ms and the two stations are designated as f...

Page 252: ...station must operate under radio silence conditions and hence cannot transmit In most cases SITOR FEC transmissions uses a rate of 100 Baud using the standard shift of 170 Hz Each character is transmi...

Page 253: ...with a certain tolerance Even if for instance the same character is received 15 times in succession error correction is impossible due to the fact that in case of repetition of numerals the numeral it...

Page 254: ...s possible during idle transmissions Classification is on ly possible during actual data transmission SSTV SSTV is used to transmit still images over a voice channel Using a SSB transceiver images may...

Page 255: ...d then stored as an image file using the application The popup menu also includes zoom options Different zoom settings from 10 to 400 are available For the proper functioning of SSTV the receiver must...

Page 256: ...0 3600 Bits per Second Single Tone Modulators Demodulators for HF Radio Links 16 February 1989 Parameter Value Frequency range HF Operation modes Broadcast Simplex FEC Modulation 8 PSK Center frequenc...

Page 257: ...he 16 symbol channel segment transmitted between every data segment has a known PSK pattern Its purpose is to keep the demodulator mainly the equaliz er on track in spite of adverse propagation condit...

Page 258: ...cated Phase Plane See MIL 188 110A on page 188 STANAG 4415 The NATO robust non hopping serial single tone mode with tone excision also known as STANAG 4415 transmits user data at 75 bps over severely...

Page 259: ...ived or if more than 20 NULL characters are received There are two ASCII ASYNC display modes In the first format just named ASCII ASYNC the 8 data bits are preceded by one start bit 0 and followed by...

Page 260: ...nology utilizes binary phase shift keying BPSK of a single tone 1800 Hz sub carrier with a con stant modulation speed of 2400 Bd Through the use of BPSK modulation and a FEC coding rate of 1 4 the eff...

Page 261: ...was recognized or more than 20 NULL characters have been received Tuning the decoder The decoder can process signals in both SSB settings USB and LSB The sideband is selected by toggling the Polarity...

Page 262: ...segment transmitted between each succeeding data segment has a known PSK pattern Its purpose is to keep the demodulator mainly the equalizer on track in spite of adverse propagation conditions during...

Page 263: ...ded formats the value has no meaning and remains stable at 75 STANAG 4539 See MIL 188 110B Appendix C STANAG 4539 on page 191 STANAG 5065 FSK STANAG 5065 is a asynchronous FSK system and was developed...

Page 264: ...nge over might be lost By reselecting the baud rate re synchronization may be reestablished When phasing the software automatically recognizes block length and polarity TETRA TETRA TErrestrial Trunked...

Page 265: ...logue GUI for voice communication In uppermost part of the GUI two status lines are continuously updated with system information Mode TMO or DMO base station main frequencies country code MCC network...

Page 266: ...ECOM white paper WP TETRA or consult the appropriate ETSI documentation PDUs from the following protocol entities are available Mobile Link Entity MLE Information on neighboring cells and control of c...

Page 267: ...lot frame multi frame and hyper frame being decoded which constitute the Initial Value IV for the encryption algorithm Saved data and meta information may be fed to an external decryption process A sa...

Page 268: ...ata or voice Operation modes Trunked or Direct Mode Access method FDMA Voice codec RPCELP The WAVECOM decoder can detect Data Voice Random Access RACH Training High Rate Data Direct Mode Emergency Fra...

Page 269: ...onized by special frames in CCH e g Paging Channel PCH and Broadcast Channel BCH frames Repeat Mode is a special form of Network Mode with only TCH frames and Direct Mode is operated between two termi...

Page 270: ...mes can be interpreted according to the protocol Examples of decoded frames are shown below Data Frame Each data frame is 74 bits They can be combined according to the FN bits to form HDLC frame displ...

Page 271: ...RACH Frame contains 23 bits where the last 9 bits are the CRC The first 3 bits indicates Y address while the 11 bits are the most significant bits of X address X12 to X1 The SwMI shall find the missin...

Page 272: ...cies spaced 7 8125 Hz apart 2 tones are sent at the same time which allows for 55 characters W CODE also supports THROBX with 4 baud which is a non standard mode but is sup ported in the FLDIGI softwa...

Page 273: ...ations is selectable Most Twinplex stations work with the V1 combination of Y Y B B and Y B Y B or B Y B Y in the V2 chan nel Transmissions with a B Y B Y combination in V1 and Y B B Y in V2 are howev...

Page 274: ...tive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be transmitted consecutively then an eleventh frequency is used as a repetition identifier Parameter Value Frequency range VHF UHF Operat...

Page 275: ...h a special flag byte 0x7E and include a 9 bytes long AVLC header af ter the start flag and 2 bytes long CRC field before the end flag The header contains the 24 bit ICAO air craft ground station addr...

Page 276: ...once at the beginning of an image implying that capturing of the signal will only take place at the start of the next image By selecting WEATHER FAX the application starts immediately The drum speed a...

Page 277: ...titutes the data field of a LAPB HDLC frame with a size of 64 to 4096 bytes X 25 PLP encapsulation in a LAPB frame Cisco Internetworking Handbook The GFI General Format Identifier field contains gener...

Page 278: ...most systems the accuracy of the single frequencies has to be within 1 1 5 of the nominal value For ZVEI modes having nominal tone durations of 70 ms the duration of a single tone may vary 15 ms Deco...

Page 279: ...EI 3 The entire call number is transmitted by consecutive tones in decade sequence When two identical digits are to be transmitted consecutively then an eleventh frequency is used as a repetition iden...

Page 280: ...IF Additional Info BCD Code ZVEI and VDEW digital selective calls differ in codeword inter pretation and BAK In the VDEW system it is possible to concatenate up to four telegrams The basic telegram Gr...

Page 281: ...additional distinction for a producer designation The use is not determined Manufacturer identification Herst Two digits are used The classification is determined by ZVEI In the newer VDEW system the...

Page 282: ...smission which can be either a ZVEI message or a VDEW message without follow up telegram The user has to decide from the context which transmission standard was used In case of a VDEW trans mission wi...

Page 283: ...ification modes are provided A manual mode and a continuous mode In manual mode the clas sifier will make one attempt at classification In continuous mode the classifier cyclically classifies signals...

Page 284: ...the Start Stop Classifier button to restart the classification When the Classifier is launched a label positioned in the left hand side of the upper status line indicates the selected frequency range...

Page 285: ...me of 1 6 or 3 2 s The probability of correct classification of low symbol rate signals increases when the higher sample time is selected OFDM Mode If Full Analysis is selected the modulation format o...

Page 286: ...W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 Three panes are available CW Amplitude transitions are displayed along a time axis FSK Frequency transitions are displayed along a time axis The values of two frequencies...

Page 287: ...ate Spectrum This pane displays a probability spectrum of the instantaneous baud rates contained in the analyzed sig nal The value of the highest probable rate is marked by a vertical dotted marker an...

Page 288: ...gnals e g Inmarsat Aero Additionally the phase constellation diagram may be incorrect Handling of Synchronous and Asynchronous Speeds The handling of asynchronous Baudot signals with 1 5 stop bits is...

Page 289: ...manual mode the clas sifier will make one attempt at classification In continuous mode the classifier cyclically classifies signals with a user selectable interval For more details on the operation o...

Page 290: ...The CCC is launched in manual mode by default by selecting the Classifier menu from HF Modes Analysis Classifier Code Check or by pressing the CCC buttton The CCC may be restarted using the Start Rest...

Page 291: ...classification is performed but no decoding P2 Classification and table check are performed but no decoding P3 Classification table check and code check are performed but no decoding P4 Classificatio...

Page 292: ...List button the history list will be reset A file browser appears when clicking on the folder but ton If the selected file does not exist a warning is displayed If the CCC is started without an XML ta...

Page 293: ...ee struc ture is used if required for more detailed information see below To expand the view right click on the node The view has two levels A classified signal reference Signal number with a Table De...

Page 294: ...atile analysis tool for the classification of unknown possibly double modulated signals and the determination of the protocol mode in use The CCC combines a wide band classifier with a table based mod...

Page 295: ...re provided a manual mode and a continuous mode In manual mode the clas sifier will make one attempt at classification In continuous mode the classifier cyclically classifies signals with a user selec...

Page 296: ...as a VHF UHF DIR or VHF UHF SUB mode or analysis The CCC may be restarted using the Start Restart Classifier Code Check button When the CCC is launched a label positioned on the left hand side of the...

Page 297: ...the user to select the process which is best suit ed to his purposes The process selected is shown in the status line Process Steps P1 Only classification is performed but no decoding P2 Classificatio...

Page 298: ...owse button If the selected file does not exist a warning is displayed If the CCC is started without an XML table a dialog which prompts the user to select an XML table file ap pears Reload Table Pres...

Page 299: ...on is available for all processes Tree View of the Classified Signals Code Checks A list of code checked signals is displayed below the list of classified signals For each signal a tree struc ture is...

Page 300: ...ic classification and subsequent decoding of monitored signals is based on automatic parameter measurements These code base measurements may however be replaced by or be expanded with table based para...

Page 301: ...ameters Editor window The table contains a number of columns containing information required for the operation of the CCC in table driven mode The information in the columns is entered using the Signa...

Page 302: ...ve for the second of the two files to merge i e from the File Menu select Merge select the file to merge and press Open Now the two files have been merged To merge additional files just repeat the ste...

Page 303: ...tion Enter the required parameter values for the desired signal in appropriate fields Press OK to save the rec ord or Cancel to cancel the operation In numerical fields only the number 0 9 are valid h...

Page 304: ...frequency shift signals the entry window looks like the example below for a SP 14 sig nal PSK For phase shift keyed signals the entry window looks like the example below for GW PSK OFDM For orthogona...

Page 305: ...rom the CCC recognition process The disabled record is greyed out in the list of records Select All Use this funtion to select all signal records in the overview list View Menu The view menu contains...

Page 306: ...sed by the CCC Selected from a drop down list of available modes Name The name given to the table entry by the user This field is a free text field Modulation The modulation method used by the decoder...

Page 307: ...rier Signal window see below If equal spacing is desired press Same spacing for all carriers and enter the spacing in the entry field and press OK to save If Multiple spacings are desired press the Mu...

Page 308: ...874 Atlantic Ocean Region East AOR E 3F2 15 W 871 Indian Ocean Region IOR 3F1 64 E 873 Pacific Ocean Region POR 3F3 178 E 872 Asia Pacific I 4 Asia Pacific 4F1 143 E Europe Middle East Africa I 4 EMEA...

Page 309: ...o H Digital voice fax data 1990 10 5 kbps B Digital voice G3 Fax data telex To be discontinued 2015 1994 9 6 kbps C Store and forward messaging 1992 600 bps M Digital voice G3 4 fax data 1993 2 4 kbps...

Page 310: ...cation Control Spot beam identification for MES Forward to MES NCS Inter station Control NCS LES signaling and assignment Forward to LES NCS Registration Acknowledge ment Control Registration acknowle...

Page 311: ...sage with its Forward MESID and sends a response back to the NCS with its Return MESID The NCS in turn sends a channel assignment signaling message to both the MES and LES and both stations will tune...

Page 312: ...the date and time of the session Date Time Start date and time of the recorded session Duration Duration of recorded session Size For Fax service The number of pages of the fax For Data service The nu...

Page 313: ...ime and land mobile Inmarsat services Among other characteristics the Aero system uses specially adapted modulation formats as Aviation BPSK A BPSK which is differential BPSK and Aviation QPSK A QPSK...

Page 314: ...ession control The user terminals called an Aeronautical Earth Stations AES com municate with the GES The GES communicate with other GES within and outside its region and broad casts system informatio...

Page 315: ...um analysis VHF UHF Modes Analysis DIRECT Real time FFT on the user in terface of the decoder Make sure all the settings are still correct Input Offset Select a band width of 24 kHz set Averaging to a...

Page 316: ...ls The handshake may take as long as 120 seconds The fax transmission is successful but the fax viewer does not display anything or displays only a partial fax This could be due to bit errors preventi...

Page 317: ...y many states for fisheries control and the mandatory SSAS used for pirate and terror alerts Operation A NCS controls each active satellite and the network within the satellite coverage area Whenever...

Page 318: ...information and transmits an assignment request to the LES The LES informs the NCS that the MES is busy It then sends an as signment packet to the MES containing message channel frequency slot number...

Page 319: ...ion and reception In the telephone set and in the exchange line card a special device called a hybrid sepa rates the two signal directions Leased subscriber lines can be ordered as four wire lines hav...

Page 320: ...erminal Adapter TA The local loop not the S bus is a normal balanced two wire pair carrying the T interface line signals at a voltage at between 25 and 96 VDC Fax and Data Transmission In order to tra...

Page 321: ...es can be identified Phase A Call establishment Receiver number is dialed and a calling tone CNG is sent and when the receiver goes off hook it an swers with an answer tone Phase B Pre message procedu...

Page 322: ...calling answer 11 Second training sequence answer 12 User data Modulation Types The table below lists the various ITU fax and modem modulation modes ITU T Rec User Data Rate bps User Input Transmissio...

Page 323: ...own 56000 Up 33600 Async FDX 2W Down PCM digital Up V 32 ana logue Internet call wait ing Decoding The fax and modem decoding features depends on three software modules which analyze one or two in com...

Page 324: ...DE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 Capabilities The decoder capabilities encompass the modulation types and protocols listed below Modulation types FAX Data Data V 17 V 21 V 32 V 21 channel 2 V 22 V 32bis V 27t...

Page 325: ...he decoder but passing through these voltages to the devices must be employed To capture signals the decoder must be inserted between the calling and the called device The actual configuration of the...

Page 326: ...ay force the modulation type in the case of V 22 V 26 V 27 V 29 and V 32 signals with a bit rate lower than 4800 bps Output Fax images and data are output to the display and may also be saved to disk...

Page 327: ...IER W CODE CL W CLASSIFIER NB O WC NCL W CLASSIFIER WB O WC WCL W CODE and all options are provided with a CMStick CmStick In order to activate the application a software protection device must be con...

Page 328: ...ocket of a LCD monitor the CmStick will not be detected by the software protection server if the monitor is switched off Warining Never try to debug the W PCI W PCIe or W CODE software This will disab...

Page 329: ...The WAVECOM Server and the WAVECOM Server Control applications are used to setup and monitor the connections between decoder cards clients and the server The server is responsible for managing the de...

Page 330: ...ilable from the Card Information tab Card names Number of connections to the card including local and remote connections Device name Card serial number Setting Up Card Names A maximum of eight cards m...

Page 331: ...or remote can only connect to the server if it is work ing on the same port In addition to the port number of the GUI port numbers for the XML Remote Interface and the Server Control Interface may be...

Page 332: ...responsibility of any person or organization contemplating export to obtain such a license before exporting Certain parts of this software may be protected by patents It is the users responsibility to...

Page 333: ...ing of the alarm text If enabled each message raising an alarm will be saved in another text file sms anywhere on the network This function allows the message to be forwarded via SMS Short Message Ser...

Page 334: ...ile Change time This specifies the time when Alarm Monitor will create new data files for the information being written to files When new files are created data will not be lost during the changeover...

Page 335: ...wish the alarm strings to be case sensitive Deselect the Sound audible alert box to disable all audible alerts Note Without sound hardware you can only hear the default beep regardless of the WAV fil...

Page 336: ...cting to a card you must press the Start menu item to begin monitoring Before you can select a new card you must stop Alarm Monitor using the Stop menu item When Alarm Monitor is active this will be i...

Page 337: ...Link click Connection The device screen appears and you may select This Computer or Remote Computer entering also the remote computer name Connect each card to the selected port using the Connect but...

Page 338: ...ly set up Port Status Explanation Initialize The COM port is being initialized Idle The COM port is ready but data is not currently being transmitted Traffic Data is being sent to the COM port Error A...

Page 339: ...ND The PXGF format is loosely based on the Microsoft RIFF file format The RIFF format is based on the con cept of a chunk Chunks are blocks that contain specific application defined data In the RIFF f...

Page 340: ...int is that all chunks are at root level and are interpreted entirely sequentially The parser must know which chunks need to be identified before it can use other chunks The only constraint here is th...

Page 341: ...F streaming format does not provide any mechanism for communication between the source of the data stream and the application receiving the data stream The PXGF stream there fore represents a unidirec...

Page 342: ...re using SSIQ chunks then a dBFS chunk will indi cate the analogue input level that will yield a maximum digital sample swing of 2 15 1 Note that this value may be different from the full scale value...

Page 343: ...L data Signal analysis data SAT mode data Classifier data Classifier CodeCheck data Sonagram data All types of WDA files contain a header that identifies the type of data stored in the file and other...

Page 344: ...rt of each data package contains the following information In PrevSize the size of the preceding data is stored Size stores the size of the data contained in the suc ceeding data package and in TIME t...

Page 345: ...session DateTime the date and time of the received session number of seconds elapsed since midnight 00 00 00 January 1 1970 coordinated universal time Duration elapsed time for transmitting the sessi...

Page 346: ...ber of seconds elapsed since midnight 00 00 00 January 1 1970 coordinated universal time NOTE the values are written to the string in the same order as listed above If not stored with _UNICODE enabled...

Page 347: ...tes in the binary WDA file Graphics data The FileType stored in the file header is Graphics Header data This file type uses the File Header described in chapter File Header on page 333 The Phase value...

Page 348: ...n the graphic The pixel data is stored in unsigned char values 8 bit type that is one Byte in the WDA file contains the value of an Pixel in the graphic Sonagram data The FileType stored in the file h...

Page 349: ...ture FFT Samples the first 4096 bytes of the stored data contain the 2048 sample values for the FFT Time the last 16 bite of the stored data contains the system time timestamp value of the received da...

Page 350: ...ysical height of the data range XSizeUser the width of the data range in the user interface YSizeUser the height of the data range in the user interface To the default file header with 64 bytes additi...

Page 351: ...WAVECOM Data Formats 341 A data package in the WDA file contains the data of all data points of one line in the graphic The data points are stored in long values 4 bit type that is 4 Bytes in the WDA...

Page 352: ...0400 U 04FF 1024 1279 Basic Hebrew U 0590 U 05FF 1424 1535 Basic Arabic U 0600 U 06FF 1536 1791 Letter like Symbols U 2100 U 214F 8448 8527 Control Pictures U 2400 U 243F 9216 9279 Dingbats U 2700 U 2...

Page 353: ...1 W 2 24 1 0 1 1 1 X 25 1 0 1 0 1 Y 6 26 1 0 0 0 1 Z 27 0 0 0 1 0 Carriage Return 28 0 1 0 0 0 Line Feed 29 1 1 1 1 1 Hex 25 30 1 1 0 1 1 Hex 24 31 0 0 1 0 0 Space 32 0 0 0 0 0 Hex 08 ITA 2 Alphabet...

Page 354: ...eturn 28 0 1 0 0 0 Line Feed 29 1 1 1 1 1 Letter Shift 30 1 1 0 1 1 Figure Shift 31 0 0 1 0 0 Space 32 0 0 0 0 0 Unperforated tape ITA 3 Alphabet No ITA 3 Alphabet LETTER FIGURE 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 A 2 0...

Page 355: ...Line Feed 29 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 Letter Shift 30 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 Figure Shift 31 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 Space 32 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Unperforated tape 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 Request 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 Idle a 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 Idle b ITA 4 A...

Page 356: ...of the 7 bit strings are not assigned to any letter numeral or control character and the unassigned bit strings are open for use in a given country that may have unique requirements such as monetary...

Page 357: ...1 EM 025 End of Medium 26 032 1A 00011010 SUB 026 Substitute 27 033 1B 00011011 ESC 027 Escape 28 034 1C 00011100 FS 028 File Separator 29 035 1D 00011101 GS 029 Group Separator 30 036 1E 00011110 RS...

Page 358: ...077 3F 00111111 63 Question mark 64 100 40 01000000 64 At symbol 65 101 41 01000001 A 65 Uppercase A 66 102 42 01000010 B 66 Uppercase B 67 103 43 01000011 C 67 Uppercase C 68 104 44 01000100 D 68 Up...

Page 359: ...3 63 01100011 c 99 Lowercase c 100 144 64 01100100 d 100 Lowercase d 101 145 65 01100101 e 101 Lowercase e 102 146 66 01100110 f 102 Lowercase f 103 147 67 01100111 g 103 Lowercase g 104 150 68 011010...

Page 360: ...TOR Alphabet No SITOR Alphabet LETTER FIGURE 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 A 2 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 B 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 C 4 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 D 5 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 E 3 6 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 F 7 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 G 8 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 H 9 1 0 1 1...

Page 361: ...0 Idle b ITA 1 Alphabet No ITA 1 Alphabet LETTER FIGURE 1 1 1 0 0 0 R _ 2 1 0 0 1 1 I 3 0 1 1 1 0 Line feed 4 1 0 0 1 0 W 5 1 0 0 0 0 N 6 1 0 1 1 0 X 7 0 1 0 1 1 U 4 8 0 0 1 0 1 H 9 0 1 1 0 0 K 10 1 1...

Page 362: ...receivers typically have a bandwidth of up to 500 kHz and is intended for a spectrum analyzer This bandwidth is too wide for the decoder IF input A solution is a slight modification of the receiver i...

Page 363: ...rounding The best grounding is provided by the cold water mains Hot water or heating pipes are not necessarily grounded Good quality effective grounding of the receiving equipment is highly recommende...

Page 364: ...For goods returned after the warranty period the shipping costs for both ways must be fully paid by the customer Please take great care when returning your goods to us The customer is responsible for...

Page 365: ...tion may be changed at any time without prior notice Despite careful preparation this publication may contain errors or omissions and WAVECOM ELEKTRONIK AG is not liable for any resulting losses or da...

Page 366: ...Decoder W74PC W PCI e W CODE W CLOUD Manual V9 1 0 Manufacturer Address WAVECOM ELEKTRONIK AG Hammerstrasse 8 CH 8180 Buelach Switzerland Phone 41 44 872 70 60 Fax 41 44 872 70 66 E mail info wavecom...

Page 367: ...ery is an error control method for data transmis sion which uses acknowledgements and requests to achieve reliable data transmission over an unreliable service An acknowledgement is a message sent by...

Page 368: ...ength binary sequence known as the check value or improperly the CRC for each block of data to be sent or stored and appends it to the data forming a codeword When a codeword is received or read the d...

Page 369: ...d by a beep EXT DEM IN The EXT DEM IN input must be used if an external demodulator is to be connected The minimum input level is TTL level LO 0 V HI 5 V and the maximum is RS 232C level LO 12 V HI 12...

Page 370: ...IF IN VAR The IF IN VAR has a range of 14 kHz 1 5 MHz Most receiver s IF is in this range IMBE Improved Multi Band Excitation speech coding Insert mode The default text editing mode in which any chara...

Page 371: ...uage for technical computing It integrates compu tation visualization and programming in an easy to use environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation Menu ba...

Page 372: ...dware and software used to connect them A network allows users to share data and peripheral devices such as printers and storage media to exchange electronic mail etc Non modal A window or dialogue th...

Page 373: ...dulating the phase of a reference signal Pointer A small solid box or arrow on the screen that follows the movement of the mouse and shows where your next action will take place POR Pacific Ocean Regi...

Page 374: ...e e g 22222 is transmitted as f2 fw f2 fw f2 where f2 is the tone for 2 and fw is the repetition tone In most systems the accuracy of the single frequencies has to be within 1 1 5 of the nominal value...

Page 375: ...g the ASCII format Thumb A gray box in the scroll bar that indicates the relative position in the text If you want to move through the text rapidly you can drag the thumb up and down Unicode Font The...

Page 376: ...you request a listing of TXT files in a particular applica tion you would see a list of all files ending with the extension TXT WINDOWS Microsoft WINDOWS Operating System Word wrap The automatic cont...

Page 377: ...278 CCC Editor GUI 291 CCIR 137 CCITT 138 Center 48 Centre Frequency CF__ chunk 332 Changes of order quantities 354 Channel Coding 113 Channel types 304 CHINESE 4 4 139 CHU 139 CIS 11 140 CIS 12 141...

Page 378: ...hdx 199 FEC A 169 FELDHELL 170 FELDHELL data 338 FFT 80 FFT HF SUB DIR and SAT 81 FFT and Sonagram 83 FFT Window 282 288 FFT Sonagram Context Menu 72 File Header 333 File Headers and Data Structures f...

Page 379: ...x C STANAG 4539 191 MIL 188 141A 193 MIL 188 141B Appendix C 194 MIL M 55529A NB WB 195 MIL STANAG Code Check 97 MOBITEX 1200 196 MOBITEX 8000 197 MODAT 197 Mode Selector 73 Mode 46 Modem and FAX Mode...

Page 380: ...Shortcut Manager 322 SI ARQ 240 SI AUTO 240 SI FEC 241 SigAnal data 340 Signal Interference 352 Signal Polarity 43 Signal Strength 305 Single channel Float IQ time data SFIQ chunk 331 Single channel F...

Page 381: ...Menu 67 295 VISEL 265 W W74PC 13 W74PC Hardware Installation 13 W74PC Software Installation 15 Warranty 355 Waterfall 83 Waterfall HF SUB DIR and SAT 84 WAVECOM Data File Format 333 WAVECOM Data Form...

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