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LEXI-R422 - System integration manual

UBX-23007449 - R02

Appendix

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C1-Public

Glossary

Abbreviation

Definition

Generation Cellular Technology (GSM, GPRS, EGPRS)

Generation Cellular Technology (UMTS, HSDPA, HSUPA)

3GPP

Generation Partnership Project

ACMA

Australian Communications and Media Authority

ADC

Analog to Digital Converter

ANATEL

Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações

–

National Telecommunications Agency (Brazil)

AT Command Interpreter Software Subsystem, or attention

BeiDou

Chinese satellite navigation system

BJT

Bipolar Junction Transistor

C/No

Carrier to Noise ratio

Cat

Summary of Contents for LEXI-R422

Page 1: ...System integration manual Abstract This document describes the features and the integration of the ultra small LEXI R422 cellular modules These modules are a complete cost efficient performance optimi...

Page 2: ...ass production End of life Production information Document contains the final product specification This document applies to the following products Product name Type number Firmware version Notificati...

Page 3: ...face ANT_DET 27 1 8 SIM interface 27 1 8 1 SIM interface 27 1 8 2 SIM detection interface 27 1 9 Data communication interfaces 27 1 9 1 UART interfaces 28 1 9 2 USB interface 29 1 9 3 I2C interface 29...

Page 4: ...checklist 85 2 13 2 Layout checklist 85 2 13 3 Antenna checklist 86 3 Handling and soldering 87 3 1 Packaging shipping storage and moisture preconditioning 87 3 2 Handling 87 3 3 Soldering 88 3 3 1 So...

Page 5: ...Product testing 99 5 1 Validation testing and qualification 99 5 2 Production testing 100 5 2 1 u blox in line production tests 100 5 2 2 Production test parameters for OEM manufacturers 100 Appendix...

Page 6: ...battery lifetimes such as used in smart metering smart lighting telematics asset tracking remote monitoring alarm panels and connected healthcare Furthermore the LEXI R422 modules support a comprehens...

Page 7: ...Band 28 700 MHz Band 66 1700 MHz Band 85 700 MHz 2G bands GSM 850 MHz E GSM 900 MHz DCS 1800 MHz PCS 1900 MHz Power class LTE category M1 NB2 Class 3 23 dBm 2G GMSK Class 4 33 dBm in 850 900 MHz Class...

Page 8: ...ver performing modulation up conversion and pre amplification of baseband signals for transmission and performing down conversion and demodulation of RF signals for reception 19 2 MHz crystal oscillat...

Page 9: ...l circuit design in Provide test point for diagnostic purposes System PWR_CTRL 27 P15 I Power on power off reset input Internal pull up resistor See section 1 6 1 1 6 2 and 1 6 3 for functional descri...

Page 10: ...9 1 for functional description See section 2 6 1 for external circuit design in DTR 9 K1 I I UART data terminal ready input AUX UART data input Primary UART circuit 108 2 DTR in ITU T V 24 configurabl...

Page 11: ...gn in GPIO4 17 R5 I O GPIO Pin with alternatively configurable functions See section 1 10 for functional description See section 2 7 for external circuit design in GPIO5 18 R6 I O GPIO Pin with altern...

Page 12: ...using the PWR_CTRL pin see 1 6 2 When in power off mode the modules can be switched on by the host processor using the PWR_CTRL input pin see 1 6 1 When in power off mode the modules enter not powere...

Page 13: ...to receive the paging in between eDRX cycles according to the timing set by the network or if the host processor wakes up the module using the PWR_CTRL input pin see 1 6 1 The modules enter power off...

Page 14: ...n last for different time periods according to the T3412 periodic TAU timer set by the network Then the modules enter the ultra low power deep sleep mode whenever possible if no other concurrent activ...

Page 15: ...t consumption occurring during Tx Rx call at maximum RF power level see the LEXI R422 data sheet 1 LEXI R422 modules supporting 2G radio access technology provide separate supply inputs over the three...

Page 16: ...equate margin the highest averaged VCC current consumption value in connected mode conditions specified in the LEXI R422 data sheet 1 The maximum average current consumption can be greater than the sp...

Page 17: ...ring LTE Cat M1 half duplex connection 1 5 1 3 VCC current consumption in 2G connected mode When a 2G call is established the VCC consumption is determined by the current consumption profile typical o...

Page 18: ...nused slot unused slot MON slot unused slot GSM frame 4 61 5 ms 1frame 8 slots GSM frame 4 61 5 ms 1frame 8 slots Figure 6 VCC voltage profile versus time during a 2G single slot call 1 TX slot 1 RX s...

Page 19: ...nd see the AT commands manual 2 and the application development guide 3 When PSM is enabled the module automatically enters the PSM and the ultra low power deep sleep mode whenever possible LEXI R422...

Page 20: ...es up to the active mode to enable the reception of the paging block In between the module switches to low power mode This is known as discontinuous reception DRX or extended discontinuous reception e...

Page 21: ...s a typical example of the module current consumption profile when the module is in active mode The module is registered to the network When active mode is maintained the receiver is periodically acti...

Page 22: ...onal configured state The duration of this phase differs within generic digital interfaces and USB interface due to host device enumeration timings The module is ready to operate after all interfaces...

Page 23: ...twork detach can be triggered by AT CFUN 11 command see AT commands manual 2 Forcing a rising edge at the GPIO input pin configured with the memory safe power off function see section 1 10 memory safe...

Page 24: ...t does not occur e g applying a low level to PWR_CTRL input pin and it enters not powered mode if the VCC supply is removed VCC PWR_CTRL V_INT Internal Reset System State BB Pads State Operational OFF...

Page 25: ...pt hardware reset reboot of the module by forcing a low level for a long time period on the PWR_CTRL input pin during modules normal operation the abrupt hardware reset reboot should be performed only...

Page 26: ...10 dB VSWR 2 1 recommended S11 6 dB VSWR 3 1 acceptable The return loss or the S11 as the VSWR refers to the amount of reflected power measuring how well the antenna RF connection matches the 50 char...

Page 27: ...8 1 SIM interface LEXI R422 modules provide a SIM interface on the VSIM SIM_IO SIM_CLK SIM_RST pins to connect an external SIM card or UICC chip LEXI R422 modules support only the 1 8 V type of SIM UI...

Page 28: ...with RS 232 functionality conforming to ITU T V 24 recommendation 5 with CMOS compatible signal levels 0 V for low data bit ON state 1 8 V for high data bit OFF state o Data lines DCD as data output...

Page 29: ...e initiated on modem side or terminal host side Channel 3 for u blox GNSS data tunneling 1 9 2 USB interface 1 9 2 1 USB features LEXI R422 modules include a high speed USB 2 0 interface 4 available f...

Page 30: ...r off Input with internal pull down to trigger a faster emergency shutdown as AT CFUN 10 by applying a rising edge GPIO3 GPIO4 Memory safe power off Input with internal pull down to trigger the fastes...

Page 31: ...recommended to be externally accessible by connecting it to a dedicated Test Point It is highly recommended to provide an accessible test point directly connected to the RSVD 99 J5 pin for diagnostic...

Page 32: ...efully follow the suggestions provided in the relative section 2 2 1 for the schematic and layout design 3 SIM interface VSIM SIM_CLK SIM_IO SIM_RST pins Accurate design is required to ensure SIM card...

Page 33: ...ice No less than 5 V Yes greater than 5 V Yes always available Figure 16 VCC supply concept selection The switching step down regulator is the typical choice when primary supply source has a nominal v...

Page 34: ...s for VCC supply circuit design using a switching regulator The use of a switching regulator is suggested when the difference from the available supply rail source to the VCC value is high since switc...

Page 35: ...0G 0402 5 25 V Generic manufacturer C5 10 nF capacitor ceramic X7R 0402 10 16 V Generic manufacturer C6 470 nF capacitor ceramic X7R 0603 10 25 V Generic manufacturer C7 100 F capacitor tantalum B_SIZ...

Page 36: ...10 50 V Generic manufacturer C5 56 pF capacitor ceramic C0G 0402 5 50 V Generic manufacturer C6 100 F capacitor tantalum B_SIZE 20 6 3V 15m T520B107M006ATE015 Kemet C7 100 nF capacitor ceramic X7R 16...

Page 37: ...t peak pulse current specified for the 2G use case with an appropriate power handling capability The regulator described in this example supports a wide input voltage range and it includes internal ci...

Page 38: ...R422 A13 VCC A14 VCC A12 VCC GND C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 Figure 20 Example of low cost VCC supply circuit for LEXI R422 modules using an LDO linear regulator Reference Description Part number Manufacturer C1...

Page 39: ...nt is not always reported in the data sheets of batteries but the maximum DC discharge current is typically almost equal to the battery capacity in Amp hours divided by 1 hour DC series resistance the...

Page 40: ...ns R1 10 k resistor 0 1 W Generic manufacturer U1 Single cell Li Ion or Li Polymer battery charger IC MCP73833 Microchip Table 14 Suggested components for the Li Ion or Li Polymer battery charging app...

Page 41: ...ply source for the module and starts a charging phase accordingly The MP2617H IC normally provides a supply voltage to the module regulated from the external main primary source allowing immediate sys...

Page 42: ...ry pack with 10 k NTC Generic manufacturer C1 C6 22 F capacitor ceramic X5R 1210 10 25 V GRM32ER61E226KE15 Murata C2 C4 C10 100 nF capacitor ceramic X7R 0402 10 16 V GRM155R61A104KA01 Murata C3 1 F ca...

Page 43: ...C2 C5 LEXI R422 A13 VCC A14 VCC A12 VCC Battery C6 SW VIN SHDNn GND FB C7 R1 R2 L1 U1 Step up regulator D1 C8 Figure 24 VCC circuit example with separate supply for LEXI R422 modules Reference Descri...

Page 44: ...ply source GND C5 U1 VOUT VIN VBIAS ON CT GND A11 V_INT P15 PWR_CTRL R1 R2 T1 GPIO Application processor GPIO GPIO Figure 25 Example of application circuit for VCC supply removal Reference Description...

Page 45: ...rshoot at the start and at the end of RF transmission 100 F low ESR capacitor e g Kemet T520B107M006ATE015 An additional series ferrite bead is recommended for additional RF noise filtering in particu...

Page 46: ...e main DC source is a switching DC DC converter place the large capacitor close to the DC DC output and minimize VCC track length otherwise consider using separate capacitors for DC DC converter and m...

Page 47: ...at sink this is critical during connection when the real network commands the module to transmit at maximum power correct grounding helps prevent module overheating 2 2 2 Generic digital interfaces su...

Page 48: ...n open drain or open collector output is suitable to drive the PWR_CTRL input from an application processor as described in Figure 28 PWR_CTRL input line should not be driven high as it may cause star...

Page 49: ...t picture in Figure 29 GND clearance on top layer around RF pad GND clearance on buried layer very close to top layer below RF pad RF pad 0 5 mm Figure 29 GND keep out area on top layer around RF pad...

Page 50: ...e dielectric constant of the dielectric material e g dielectric constant of the FR 4 dielectric material in Figure 30 and Figure 31 The gap from the transmission line to the adjacent ground plane on t...

Page 51: ...mmunity LEXI module U FL connector Figure 32 Example of circuit and layout for ANT RF circuits on the application board See section 2 4 1 6 for the description of the antenna trace design implemented...

Page 52: ...ntenna matching design in guidelines relative to the custom application Additionally these recommendations regarding the antenna system placement must be followed Do not place the antennas within a cl...

Page 53: ...stem design including product mechanical design and usage antennas should be selected with optimal radiating performance according to the mechanical specifications of the PCB and the whole product o I...

Page 54: ...60 MHz 1710 2200 MHz 2490 2700 MHz 36 0 x 9 0 x 3 2 mm KYOCERA AVX P822601 P822602 GSM WCDMA LTE SMD antenna 698 960 MHz 1710 2170 MHz 2490 2700 MHz 50 0 x 8 0 x 3 2 mm KYOCERA AVX 1002436 GSM WCDMA L...

Page 55: ...OCERA AVX 1002289 GSM WCDMA LTE antenna on flexible PCB with cable and U FL 698 960 MHz 1710 2700 MHz 140 0 x 75 0 mm EAD FSQS35241 UF 10 SQ7 GSM WCDMA LTE PCB antenna with cable and U FL 690 960 MHz...

Page 56: ...ype approvals The conformity assessment of u blox LEXI R422 LGA surface mounted modules for regulatory type approvals such as FCC United States ISED Canada RED Europe etc has been carried out with the...

Page 57: ...0G 50 Amphenol Table 23 Parts in use on the u blox host PCB for the antenna trace design with additional antenna detection circuit The u blox host PCB has a structure of 6 copper layers with 35 m thic...

Page 58: ...an equivalent proper connection for the ANT pad are available in section 2 4 1 1 Guidelines to design an equivalent proper 50 transmission line are available in section 2 4 1 2 Guidelines to design a...

Page 59: ...ng is caused by very strong signals adjacent to the GNSS frequency range so that part of the strong signal power may leak at the input of the GNSS receiver and or block GNSS reception If not properly...

Page 60: ...etter isolation results from antenna patterns with radiation lobes in different directions considering the GNSS frequency band Adding a GNSS pass band SAW filter along the GNSS RF line providing very...

Page 61: ...unctionality Application board Antenna cable LEXI R422 A3 ANT A5 ANT_DET R1 C1 D1 L1 C2 J1 Z0 50 Z0 50 Z0 50 ohm Antenna assembly R2 C4 L3 Radiating element Diagnostic circuit GND L2 C3 Figure 40 Sugg...

Page 62: ...ted to GND for PIFA antenna Furthermore any other DC signal injected to the RF connection from ANT connector to radiating element will alter the measurement and produce invalid results for antenna det...

Page 63: ...2 is provided as ESD immunity improvement LEXI module C2 R1 D1 C1 L1 J1 C3 L2 Figure 41 Suggested layout for antenna detection circuit on application board See section 2 4 1 6 for the description of t...

Page 64: ...C2 L2 a LEXI R422 A9 RFCTRL1 A10 RFCTRL2 A9 RFCTRL1 A3 ANT A3 ANT Figure 42 Examples of schematics for cellular antenna dynamic impedance tuning a and aperture tuning b Refer to the antenna datasheet...

Page 65: ...applications requiring a change of SIM card during the product lifetime A SIM card holder can have 6 or 8 positions if a mechanical card presence detector is not provided or it can have 6 2 or 8 2 po...

Page 66: ...e i e less than 10 pF ESD protection e g Tyco PESD0402 140 on each externally accessible SIM line close to each relative pad of the SIM connector ESD sensitivity rating of the SIM interface pins is 1...

Page 67: ...ime on clock line 1 0 s is the maximum allowed rise time on data and reset lines SIM CHIP SIM chip bottom view contacts side VPP C6 VCC C1 IO C7 CLK C3 RST C2 GND C5 C2 C3 C5 C4 2 8 3 6 7 1 C1 C5 C2 C...

Page 68: ...pins is 1 kV HBM according to JS 001 2017 so that according to the EMC ESD requirements of the custom application higher protection level can be required if the lines are externally accessible Limit...

Page 69: ...ts In the second case the same harmonics can be picked up and create self interference that can reduce the sensitivity of LTE receiver channels whose carrier frequency is coincidental with harmonic fr...

Page 70: ...a 3 0 V Application Processor DTE is used then it is recommended to connect the 1 8 V UART of the module DCE by means of appropriate unidirectional voltage translators using the module V_INT output a...

Page 71: ...recommended to connect the 1 8 V UART interface of the module DCE by means of appropriate unidirectional voltage translators using the module V_INT output as 1 8 V supply for the voltage translators o...

Page 72: ...circuit with partial V 24 link 5 wire in the DTE DCE serial communication 1 8V DTE If a 3 0 V Application Processor DTE is used then it is recommended to connect the 1 8 V UART interface of the modul...

Page 73: ...If a 3 0 V application processor DTE is used then it is recommended to connect the 1 8 V UART interfaces of the module DCE by appropriate unidirectional voltage translators using the module V_INT out...

Page 74: ...be implemented as in Figure 54 TxD Application Processor 1 8V DTE RxD RTS CTS DTR DSR RI DCD GND LEXI R422 1 8V DCE F1 TXD K1 DTR E1 RXD H1 RTS G1 CTS M1 DSR L1 RI J1 DCD GND 0 TP 0 TP 0 TP TP 0 TP Fi...

Page 75: ...module ESD sensitivity rating of the UART interface pins is 1 kV HBM according to JS 001 2017 Higher protection levels could be required if the lines are externally accessible and it can be achieved b...

Page 76: ...c USB device connector connected to the related pins of the module through the specific circuit illustrated in the application circuit example of Figure 56 c and Table 35 R9 USB_D R8 USB_D GND LEXI R4...

Page 77: ...ible to 90 Ensure the common mode characteristic impedance ZCM is as close as possible to 30 Use design rules for USB_D USB_D as RF transmission lines being them coupled differential micro strip or bu...

Page 78: ...ns of the cellular module are directly connected to the related pins of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver External pull up resistors are not needed as they are already integrated in the cellular module T...

Page 79: ...T245 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the 3 0 V GNSS supply can be also ramped up before the V_INT 1 8 V cellular supply u blox GNSS 3 0 V receiver R4 GPIO3 1 V8 B1 A...

Page 80: ...Network indicator R2 R2 DL1 T1 Figure 61 Application circuit for network indication provided over GPIO1 Reference Description Part number Manufacturer R1 10 k resistor 0402 5 0 1 W Generic manufacture...

Page 81: ...ule placement An optimized placement allows a minimum RF line s length and closer path from DC source for VCC Make sure that the module analog parts and RF circuits are clearly separated from any poss...

Page 82: ...1 The recommended thickness of the stencil for the soldering paste is 130 m according to application production process requirements 16 0 16 0 0 6 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 0 3 1 4 1 4...

Page 83: ...ecific mechanical deployments of the module e g application PCB with different dimensions and characteristics mechanical shells enclosure or forced air flow The increase of the thermal dissipation i e...

Page 84: ...7k IN OUT LDO regulator SHDNn 4 7k 3V8 3V0 R3 GPIO2 V_INT SDA_A SDA_B GND SCL_A SCL_B VCCA VCCB TCA9406 I2C voltage translator 100nF 100nF 100nF 47k SDA SCL VCC DIR1 DIR2 OEn OE GND u blox GNSS 3 0 V...

Page 85: ...eries resistance must be limited on each high speed line of the USB interface It is strongly recommended to provide accessible test points directly connected to the V_INT PWR_CTRL USB_5V0 USB_3V3 USB_...

Page 86: ...preserve signal integrity USB_D USB_D traces should meet the characteristic impedance requirement 90 differential and 30 common mode and should not be routed close to any RF line part Ensure appropri...

Page 87: ...shing an Electrostatic Protective Area EPA The EPA can be a small working station or a large manufacturing area The main principle of an EPA is that there are no highly charging materials near ESD sen...

Page 88: ...ol of the temperature and all parts will be heated up evenly regardless of material properties thickness of components and surface color Consider the IPC 7530A Guidelines for temperature profiling for...

Page 89: ...217 200 150 100 250 217 200 150 100 50 250 217 200 150 100 50 Figure 65 Recommended soldering profile The modules must not be soldered with a damp heat process 3 3 3 Optical inspection After solderin...

Page 90: ...module already populated on it Performing a wave soldering process on the module can result in severe damage to the device u blox gives no warranty against damages to the LEXI R422 modules caused by p...

Page 91: ...sufficient to provide optimum immunity to interference and noise u blox gives no warranty for damages to the cellular modules caused by soldering metal cables or any other forms of metal strips direc...

Page 92: ...e is intended to operate Check appropriate applicability of LEXI R422 module s approvals while starting the certification process of the device integrating the module the re use of the u blox cellular...

Page 93: ...modular transmitter is an equipment for building in Requirements for fire enclosure must be evaluated in the host end product No natural rubbers no hygroscopic materials nor materials containing asbes...

Page 94: ...cellular antenna s used for the LEXI R422 modular transmitter i e the combined transmission line connector cable losses and radiating element gain must not exceed the value specified in the FCC Grant...

Page 95: ...ving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the device into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consultant the dealer or a...

Page 96: ...ice has been certified for use in Canada Status of the listing in the Industry Canada s REL Radio Equipment List can be found at the following web address http www ic gc ca app sitt reltel srch nwRdSr...

Page 97: ...dules have been evaluated against the essential requirements of the Radio Equipment Directive 2014 53 EU In order to satisfy the essential requirements of the 2014 53 EU RED the modules are compliant...

Page 98: ...e 6 1a o EN 62368 1 o EN 62311 Radiofrequency radiation exposure information this equipment complies with radiation exposure limits prescribed for an uncontrolled environment for fixed and mobile use...

Page 99: ...50 load at the 50 SMA female connector Compliance of the design with RF regulatory rules defined by the FCC ISED RED etc can be verified using a radio communication tester callbox as the Rohde Schwar...

Page 100: ...verification frequency tuning of the reference clock calibration of transmitter and receiver power levels etc Verification of the RF characteristics after calibration i e modulation power levels spec...

Page 101: ...functionality of communications with the host controller the SIM and the power supply It can also verify if parts at the antenna interface are well soldered 5 2 2 2 Persistent configurations The modu...

Page 102: ...T DSR input and AUX UART flow ctrl input function characteristics 7 RI L1 10 RI Same UART RI output and AUX UART flow ctrl output function characteristics 8 DCD J1 8 DCD Same UART DCD output and AUX U...

Page 103: ...INT No GNSS receiver function supported by LEXI R422 modules 47 TXD_GNSS No GNSS receiver function supported by LEXI R422 modules 48 RSVD Leave unconnected 49 RSVD Leave unconnected 50 GND Several gro...

Page 104: ...hanced Data rates for GSM Evolution EGPRS eDRX Extended Discontinuous Reception EGPRS Enhanced General Packet Radio Service EDGE EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMI Electro Magnetic Interference ES...

Page 105: ...atum NCC National Communications Commission Taiwan OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer device an application device integrating a u blox cellular module OTA Over The Air PA Power Amplifier PCN Product...

Page 106: ...ed Power UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UDP User Datagram Protocol UE User Equipment UICC Universal Integrated Circuit Card UKCA United Kingdom Conformity Assessed UL Up Link Transmi...

Page 107: ...rt 1 conformance specification 12 3GPP TS 51 010 2 Technical Specification Group GSM EDGE Radio Access Network Mobile Station MS conformance specification part 2 Protocol Implementation Conformance St...

Page 108: ...integration manual UBX 23007449 R02 Contact Page 108 of 108 C1 Public Contact u blox AG Address Z rcherstrasse 68 8800 Thalwil Switzerland For further support and contact information visit us at www u...

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