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Toro 31914 Operator'S Manual Download Page 39

Troubleshooting

Problem

Possible Cause

Corrective Action

1. The fuel tank is empty.

1. Fill the fuel tank with fuel.

2. The fuel-shutoff valve is closed.

2. Open the fuel-shutoff valve.

3. The choke is not on.

3. Apply the choke.

4. The air cleaner is dirty.

4. Clean or replace the air-cleaner

element.

5. A spark plug wire is loose or

disconnected.

5. Install the wire on the spark plug.

6. A spark plug is pitted, fouled, or the

gap is incorrect.

6. Install a new, correctly gapped spark

plug.

7. Dirt is in the fuel filter.

7. Replace the fuel filter.

The engine does not start, starts hard, or
fails to keep running.

8. Dirt, water, or stale fuel is in the fuel

system.

8. Contact an Authorized Service Dealer.

1. The engine load is excessive.

1. Reduce the ground speed.

2. The air cleaner is dirty.

2. Clean the air-cleaner element.

3. The oil level in the crankcase is low.

3. Add oil to the crankcase.

4. Cooling fins and air passages under

the engine blower housing are plugged.

4. Remove the obstruction from the

cooling fins and air passages.

5. A spark plug is pitted, fouled, or the

gap is incorrect.

5. Install a new, correctly gapped spark

plug.

6. The vent hole in the fuel cap is plugged.

6. Clean or replace the fuel cap.

7. Dirt is in the fuel filter.

7. Replace the fuel filter.

The engine loses power.

8. Dirt, water, or stale fuel is in the fuel

system.

8. Contact an Authorized Service Dealer.

1. The engine load is excessive.

1. Reduce the ground speed.

2. The oil level in the crankcase is low.

2. Add oil to the crankcase.

The engine overheats.

3. Cooling fins and air passages under

the engine blower housing are plugged.

3. Remove the obstruction from the

cooling fins and air passages.

1. The speed-control lever is in the

N

EUTRAL

position.

1. Move the speed-control lever out of the

N

EUTRAL

position.

2. A traction belt is worn, loose, or broken.

2. Change the belt.

3. A traction belt is off a pulley.

3. Change the belt.

The machine does not drive.

4. An idler spring is broken or missing.

4. Replace the spring.

1. A cutting blade is bent or unbalanced.

1. Install a new cutting blade.

2. A blade mounting bolt is loose.

2. Tighten the blade mounting bolt.

3. Engine mounting bolts are loose.

3. Tighten the engine mounting bolts.

4. An engine pulley, idler pulley, or blade

pulley is loose.

4. Tighten the appropriate pulley.

5. An engine pulley is damaged.

5. Contact an Authorized Service Dealer.

The machine is vibrating abnormally.

6. The blade spindle is bent.

6. Contact an Authorized Service Dealer.

1. Blade(s) is/are not sharp.

1. Sharpen the blade(s).

2. Cutting blade(s) is/are bent.

2. Install new cutting blade(s).

3. The mower is not level.

3. Level the mower from side-to-side and

front-to-rear.

4. The underside of the mower is dirty.

4. Clean the underside of the mower.

5. Tire pressure is not correct.

5. Adjust the tire pressure.

The cutting height is uneven.

6. A blade spindle is bent.

6. Contact an Authorized Service Dealer.

39

 

Summary of Contents for 31914

Page 1: ...Form No 3450 388 Rev A Commercial Walk Behind Traction Unit 18HP Pistol Grip Hydro Drive Model No 31914 Serial No 410300000 and Up Register at www Toro com Original Instructions EN 3450 388 ...

Page 2: ...ation g250801 Figure 1 1 Model and serial number location Model No Serial No This manual uses 2 words to highlight information Important calls attention to special mechanical information and Note emphasizes general information worthy of special attention The safety alert symbol Figure 2 appears both in this manual and on the machine to identify important safety messages that you must follow to avo...

Page 3: ... 36 Checking the Hydraulic Hoses 37 Cleaning 37 Cleaning under the Mower 37 Disposing of Waste 37 Storage 38 Storage Safety 38 Cleaning and Storing the Machine 38 Troubleshooting 39 Schematics 41 Safety This machine has been designed in accordance with EN ISO 5395 General Safety This product is capable of amputating hands and feet and of throwing objects Always follow all safety instructions to av...

Page 4: ...ndness and other injuries 3 Caustic liquid chemical burn hazard 8 Battery acid can cause blindness or severe burns 4 Wear eye protection 9 Flush eyes immediately with water and get medical help fast 5 Read the Operator s Manual 10 Contains lead do not discard decal95 5537 hydro 95 5537 1 Read the Operator s Manual for instructions on operating the cutting blade 3 Pull back to disengage 2 Push forw...

Page 5: ...ff the engine before clearing debris 4 To turn the machine right engage NEUTRAL on the right handle while the left handle is in the FORWARD position 13 Thrown object hazard keep bystanders away from the machine 5 To turn the machine left engage NEUTRAL on the left handle while the right handle is in the FORWARD position 14 Warning wear ear protection 6 Fast 15 Warning shut off the engine and remov...

Page 6: ...n 1 Checking the Fluids and Tire Pressure No Parts Required Procedure Before you start the engine and use the machine check the oil level in the engine crankcase refer to Checking the Engine Oil Level page 19 Check the grease for the machine and mower deck 2 Installing the Wheel Kit Parts needed for this procedure 1 Wheel Kit sold separately Procedure Refer to the Installation Instructions for the...

Page 7: ...Handle 3 Key switch 8 Drive Lever 4 Choke 9 Blade control switch PTO 5 Neutral lock 10 Fuel shutoff valve Throttle Control The throttle controls the engine speed and it has a continuous variable setting from the SLOW to FAST position Figure 4 Operator Presence Control OPC Levers When you squeeze the OPC levers against the handles the OPC system senses that you are in the normal operating position ...

Page 8: ...he NEUTRAL LOCK position Fuel Shutoff Valve Close the fuel shutoff valve when transporting or storing the machine Choke Use the choke to start a cold engine Specifications Note Specifications and design are subject to change without notice Width 89 cm 35 inches Length 203 cm 80 inches Height 112 cm 44 inches Weight 231 kg 509 lb Attachments Accessories A selection of Toro approved attachments and ...

Page 9: ...ing a source of ignition until the fuel vapors have dissipated Do not fill containers inside a vehicle or on a truck or trailer bed with a plastic liner Always place containers on the ground away from the vehicle before filling Remove equipment from the truck or trailer and refuel it on the ground If this is not possible refuel such equipment with a portable container rather than from a fuel dispe...

Page 10: ...e you use the machine If the safety system does not operate as described have an Authorized Service Dealer repair the safety system immediately 1 Engage the neutral locks and move the speed control lever to the NEUTRAL position 2 Start the engine 3 Without holding the operator presence control OPC levers engage the blade control switch PTO The engine should shut off 4 Disengage the blade control s...

Page 11: ...less you are using a grass catcher Never carry passengers on the machine Do not direct the discharge material toward anyone Avoid discharging material against a wall or obstruction material may ricochet toward you Stop the blade s when crossing gravel surfaces Start the engine carefully according to instructions and with your feet well away from the blade s and not in front of the discharge chute ...

Page 12: ... and SLOW positions Note If the engine is warm move the throttle control to the FAST position 8 Engage the choke Note A warm or hot engine usually does not require any choking 9 Turn the key to the START position to energize the starter When the engine starts release the key Important Do not engage the starter for more than 5 seconds at a time If the engine fails to start allow for a 15 second coo...

Page 13: ... upper part of the locks and move them rearward into the NEUTRAL position Figure 8 g001508 Figure 8 1 Handle 4 Drive lever 2 Neutral lock 5 Full speed forward 3 NEUTRAL position 6 REVERSE position Disengaging the Neutral Locks 1 Squeeze the drive levers rearward until you feel an increase in force 2 Place your thumbs on the upper part of the locks and move them forward until the pins are in the fo...

Page 14: ... Disengage the mower blades 1 of the following ways Push the blade control switch PTO down to the OFF position Release the operator presence control levers with the blade control lever engaged Driving the Machine The throttle control regulates the engine speed rpm Move the throttle control to the FAST position for the best mowing performance Driving Forward 1 Disengage the parking brake 2 Move the...

Page 15: ...chine because hydraulic damage may occur 1 Park the machine on a level surface disengage the PTO and engage the parking brake 2 Shut off the engine remove the key and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 3 Open the bypass valves by turning them counterclockwise 1 to 2 turns Figure 12 Note This allows hydraulic fluid to bypass the pumps and the wheels to turn g007...

Page 16: ...othing and any parts of the body away from the cutting unit attachments and any moving parts Keep bystanders away Keep all parts in good working condition Replace all worn damaged or missing parts and decals Keep all fasteners tight to ensure that the machine is in safe working condition Check the grass catcher components frequently and replace them when they are worn or damaged Clean grass and de...

Page 17: ... oil more often in dirty or dusty conditions Replace or clean and gap the spark plug Check the battery Check the hydraulic hoses Every 200 hours Replace the paper air cleaner element Change the engine oil filter more often in dirty or dusty conditions Replace the fuel filter Every 250 hours Change the hydraulic filter and hydraulic fluid when using Mobil 1 fluid Every 500 hours Change the hydrauli...

Page 18: ...l If you must drain the fuel tank do it outdoors Servicing the Air Cleaner Service Interval Every 25 hours Clean the foam air cleaner element Every 50 hours Check the paper air cleaner element Every 200 hours Replace the paper air cleaner element Note Service the air cleaner more frequently every few operating hours if the operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy Important Do not apply oi...

Page 19: ... Place the air cleaner cover into position and tighten the cover knob Figure 14 Servicing the Engine Oil Note Change the oil more frequently when the operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy Engine Oil Specifications Engine Oil Type Detergent oil API service SF SG SH SJ or SL Crankcase Capacity 1 7 L 58 oz with the filter removed 1 5 L 51 oz without the filter removed Viscosity Refer to t...

Page 20: ...ower than the opposite side to ensure that the oil drains completely 2 Disengage the PTO and engage the parking brake 3 Shut off the engine remove the key and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 4 Drain the oil from the engine Figure 17 g027476 Figure 17 5 Slowly pour approximately 80 of the specified oil into the filler tube and slowly add the additional oil to...

Page 21: ...l filter more often in dirty or dusty conditions 1 Drain the oil from the engine refer to Changing the Engine Oil page 20 2 Change the engine oil filter Figure 19 g027477 Figure 19 Note Ensure that the oil filter gasket touches the engine and then turn the oil filter an extra 3 4 turn 3 Fill the crankcase with the proper type of new oil Figure 18 21 ...

Page 22: ... engage the parking brake 2 Shut off the engine remove the key and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 3 Clean the area around the base of the plug to keep dirt and debris out of the engine 4 Remove the spark plug Figure 20 g027478 Figure 20 Checking the Spark Plug Important Do not clean the spark plug s Always replace the spark plug s when it has a black coatin...

Page 23: ...to a fuel container or drain pan Note Replace the fuel filter if needed refer to Replacing the Fuel Filter page 23 7 Install the fuel line to the fuel filter Slide the hose clamp close to the valve to secure the fuel line g005243 Figure 23 1 Fuel filter 3 Fuel shutoff valve 2 Clamp 8 Wipe up any spilled fuel Replacing the Fuel Filter Service Interval Every 200 hours Yearly whichever comes first Im...

Page 24: ...vicing the Battery Service Interval Every 100 hours Always keep the battery clean and fully charged Use a paper towel to clean the battery case If the battery terminals are corroded clean them with a solution of four parts water and 1 part baking soda Apply a light coating of grease to the battery terminals to prevent corrosion Voltage 12 V Removing the Battery 1 Park the machine on a level surfac...

Page 25: ...re installed on the battery 4 Charge the battery for 1 hour at 25 to 30 A or 6 hours at 4 to 6 A 5 When the battery is fully charged unplug the charger from the electrical outlet and disconnect the charger leads from the battery posts Figure 26 6 Install the battery onto the machine and connect the battery cables refer to Installing the Battery page 25 Note Do not run the machine with the battery ...

Page 26: ...age 26 through Adjusting the Tracking page 32 when the machine needs maintenance If any adjustment is needed do them in the order that they are listed Adjusting the Speed Control Linkage 1 Park the machine on a level surface disengage the PTO and engage the parking brake 2 Shut off the engine remove the key and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 3 Move the spee...

Page 27: ... o clock position 5 Tabs 6 Move the speed control lever to the NEUTRAL position 7 Ensure that the safety switch is pressed and there is a 8 mm 5 16 inch space between the actuating tab and switch Figure 30 8 If needed adjust the switch location to create the 8 mm 5 16 inch space Figure 30 g001517 Figure 30 1 Actuating tab 3 Safety switch 2 8 mm 5 16 inch space 27 ...

Page 28: ...he operator presence control OPC levers held down Ensure that the OPC levers are working when the adjustment is completed Never operate the machine with the OPC levers held down 8 Squeeze 1 drive lever until you feel an increase in resistance This is where neutral should be Note Ensure that you have not reached the end of the neutral lock slot If you have shorten the control lever linkage refer to...

Page 29: ...ith the operator presence control OPC levers held down Ensure that the OPC levers are working when the adjustment is completed Never operate the machine with the OPC levers held down 8 Loosen the front adjusting nut on left hydraulic control linkage Figure 33 9 Turn the left rear adjusting nut counterclockwise until the wheel rotates forward Figure 33 10 Turn the rear adjusting nut clockwise 1 4 o...

Page 30: ... counterclockwise until the tire begins to rotate forward Figure 35 4 Turn the knob clockwise 1 4 of a turn at a time Then move the speed control lever to the FORWARD position and back to the NEUTRAL position Repeat this until the right wheel stops rotating forward Figure 35 5 Hold the OPC levers down Note Hold the OPC levers down whenever the speed control lever is out of the NEUTRAL position oth...

Page 31: ...fitting Figure 36 2 Lengthen the control rod if the tire is turning in reverse or shorten the rod if the tire is turning forward 3 Rotate the rod several turns if the tire is rotating quickly Then adjust the rod in 1 2 turn increments 4 Install the clevis pin into the drive lever Figure 36 g001733 Figure 36 1 Control rod 5 Left handle shown 2 Clevis pin 6 Neutral lock 3 Drive lever 7 Hairpin cotte...

Page 32: ...alling 1 Park the machine on a level surface disengage the PTO and engage the parking brake 2 Shut off the engine remove the key and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 3 For a heavier drive setting relocate the spring anchor links to either the medium duty or heavy duty positions Figure 39 Note The spring anchor links are attached to the upper rear corner of th...

Page 33: ... all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position 3 Engage the parking brake Note Engaging the parking brake should take a reasonable amount of force If the parking brake does not hold securely adjust it refer to Adjusting the Parking Brake page 33 Adjusting the Parking Brake If the parking brake does not hold securely adjust it 1 Check the parking brake before you adjust it refer to...

Page 34: ...r and the clevis pin Figure 41 6 Check the brake operation again refer to Checking the Parking Brake page 33 Belt Maintenance Inspecting the Belts Service Interval Every 25 hours Check the belts for wear or cracks Replace the belt if it is worn The signs of a worn belt include squealing while the belt is rotating the blades slipping while cutting grass and frayed edges burn marks and cracks on the...

Page 35: ...lean the area around the cap and filler neck of the hydraulic tank Figure 42 g001045 Figure 42 1 Cap 3 Cold fluid level full 2 Baffle 4 Hot fluid level full 4 Remove the cap from the filler neck Look inside to check if there is fluid in the reservoir Figure 42 5 If there is no fluid add fluid to the reservoir until it reaches the cold level of the baffle 6 Run the machine at low idle for 15 minute...

Page 36: ...essary to bleed the system if you change the fluid or after work is performed on the system Purge the air from the hydraulic system when any hydraulic components including the hydraulic filter are removed or any of the hydraulic lines are disconnected The critical area for purging air from the hydraulic system is between the fluid reservoir and each charge pump located on the top of each variable ...

Page 37: ...ition 11 Check the hydraulic control linkage adjustment refer to Adjusting the Hydraulic Control Linkages page 29 Checking the Hydraulic Hoses Service Interval Every 100 hours Check the hydraulic hoses for leaks loose fittings kinked lines loose mounting supports wear and weather and chemical deterioration Make necessary repairs before operating Note Keep the areas around the hydraulic system clea...

Page 38: ...un the machine with the blade control switch PTO engaged and the engine at high idle for 2 to 5 minutes after washing 11 Check the condition of the blades refer to the Operator s Manual for the mower deck 12 Prepare the machine for storage for over 30 days as follows A Add fuel stabilizer conditioner to fresh fuel in the tank Follow mixing instructions from the fuel stabilizer manufacturer Do not ...

Page 39: ...t an Authorized Service Dealer 1 The engine load is excessive 1 Reduce the ground speed 2 The oil level in the crankcase is low 2 Add oil to the crankcase The engine overheats 3 Cooling fins and air passages under the engine blower housing are plugged 3 Remove the obstruction from the cooling fins and air passages 1 The speed control lever is in the NEUTRAL position 1 Move the speed control lever ...

Page 40: ...elt tension 2 The mower deck belt is broken 2 Install a new deck belt 3 The mower deck belt is off a pulley 3 Inspect the belt and replace if damaged Check the pulleys and idlers and adjust the belt tension The blades do not rotate 4 An idler spring is broken or missing 4 Replace the spring 40 ...

Page 41: ...Schematics g016112 Electrical Schematic Rev A g001544 Hydraulic Schematic Rev A 41 ...

Page 42: ...Notes ...

Page 43: ... for marketing purposes Retention of your Personal Information Toro will keep your personal information as long as it is relevant for the above purposes and in accordance with legal requirements For more information about applicable retention periods please contact legal toro com Toro s Commitment to Security Your personal information may be processed in the US or another country which may have le...

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