Header Files
7-10
A variable-argument function can use the macros declared by stdarg.h to step
through its argument list at run time when the function knows the number and
types of arguments actually passed to it. You must ensure that a call to a
variable-argument function has visibility to a prototype for the function in order
for the arguments to be handled correctly. The variable argument functions are
listed in Table 7
7.2.9 Standard Definitions
(stddef.h)
The stddef.h header defines types and macros. The types are:
-
ptrdiff_t
, a signed integer type that is the data type resulting from the
subtraction of two pointers
-
size_t
, an unsigned integer type that is the data type of the
sizeof
operator.
The macros are:
-
NULL
, a macro that expands to a null pointer constant(0)
-
offsetof(type, identifier)
, a macro that expands to an integer that has type
size_t. The result is the value of an offset in bytes to a structure member
(
identifier
) from the beginning of its structure (
type
).
These types and macros are used by several of the run-time-support
functions.
7.2.10 General Utilities (stdlib.h)
The stdlib.h header defines a macro and types and declares several functions.
The macro is named
RAND_MAX
, and it returns the largest value returned by
the rand() function.The types are:
-
div_t
, a structure type that is the type of the value returned by the div
function
-
ldiv_t
, a structure type that is the type of the value returned by the ldiv
function
The functions are:
-
Memory management functions that allow you to allocate and deallocate
packets of memory. These functions can use 1K words of memory by
default. You can change this amount at link time by invoking the linker with
the
−
heap option.
-
String conversion functions that convert strings to numeric repre-
sentations
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