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3-22

Section 3 — Switcher Concepts

When

ENABLES

is selected in the Timeline Menu, all enabled

levels are also delegated; thus all enabled levels are affected by
changes made on the control panel. When a level is not enabled,
its timeline does not appear in the Timeline Menu.

■

In

ENABLES

mode, pressing the Enable button toggles the

E–MEM enabled status of that level or channel either on or off.
This does not change the status of any other enabled levels or
channels. Enables and delegates are tied together in this
mode. If a channel is enabled for E–MEM functions, it is also
delegated for Keyframe-editing.

When

DELEGATES

is selected, only specified enabled levels are

delegated; all other enabled levels are enabled but not delegated.
The timelines of all enabled levels are displayed in the Timeline
Menu and the names of the delegated levels are highlighted. This
feature allows you to edit a delegated timeline while viewing its
relationship to enabled timelines not being edited.

■

In

DELEGATES

mode, pressing the Enable button of a level or

channel that is not enabled toggles it to an enabled and
delegated status. This does not change the status of any other
enabled levels or channels. Subsequent presses of that
enabled button toggles the delegation of that channel on or
off. If you wish to toggle the enable status off, you must leave
the

DELEGATES

mode and go into the

ENABLES

mode.

Enables and Delegates Button Tallies

The E–MEM Enable buttons have three tally levels:

■

High tally — the E–MEM is enabled and delegated for
Keyframe-editing

■

Low tally — the E–MEM is enabled but not delegated

■

Tally off — the E–MEM is not enabled and not delegated

Refer to the E-MEM control panel description in the

Operation

Reference

manual for a detailed description of the functions

controlled by each Enable button. Refer to Appendix B—Keyframe
Facts, for further information on enabling and delegating E-MEM
levels.

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Summary of Contents for Grass Valley 3000

Page 1: ...User Manual Grass Valley Model 3000 Digital Production Switcher Software Release 5 3 071 0159 00 Revised Printing February 1998 ...

Page 2: ... rights reserved Printed in U S A Tektronix products are covered by U S and foreign patents issued and pending Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published mate rial Specifications and price change privileges reserved TEKTRONIX TEK Grass Valley Group Borderline E MEM TEN X Wavelink and are registered trademarks and Air Link Auto Match Doubletake E Disk Eagle V Emphas...

Page 3: ...es xv Soft Button and Soft Knob References xv Section 1 System Overview Introduction 1 1 General Description 1 2 Standard Features 1 3 Optional Features 1 4 Physical Description 1 5 Signal Processor Frame 1 5 Power Supplies 1 6 Control Panel 1 7 Video and Key Inputs and Outputs 1 9 Inputs 1 9 Outputs 1 11 Functional Description 1 13 Overview 1 13 Video Processing 1 14 Description of Options 1 18 ...

Page 4: ... 3 Software Setup 2 7 The Configuration Menu 2 7 Setting System Parameters 2 10 Setting the System Clock 2 12 Configuring Inputs 2 14 Setting Input Digital Resolution 2 16 Configuring External Key Sync 2 17 Configuring Key Setup 2 18 Mapping Crosspoints 2 19 Formatting Chroma Key Inputs 2 22 Assigning GPI Inputs 2 23 Configuring Outputs 2 26 Setting Switcher Output Timing 2 28 Setting Output Digit...

Page 5: ...ferences 2 54 Setting Shift Lock Operation 2 54 To Shift Lock a Bus 2 55 To Unshift Lock a Bus 2 55 Setting Keyer Preferences 2 56 Setting Preview Preferences 2 58 Setting Beeper Preferences 2 62 Setting User Defined System Defaults 2 63 Operating Notes 2 64 Field Dominance Selection 2 64 Use of Field Dominance 2 64 Using the Mask Draw Feature 2 65 Mask Draw Setup 2 67 Operating the Model 3000 Wit...

Page 6: ...y 3 12 Shaped and Unshaped Video 3 13 Input Shaped and Unshaped Video 3 14 Output Shaped and Unshaped Video 3 14 Super Black 3 15 Chroma Key 3 16 Coring 3 18 Layering 3 19 E MEM Effects Memory 3 20 Effects and Keyframes 3 20 Enables and Delegates 3 21 Enables and Delegates Button Tallies 3 22 Keyframing Timelines Effects Editing 3 23 Effects Editing Definitions 3 24 Timeline Menu 3 25 Manipulating...

Page 7: ... 4 23 Super Black 4 23 Luminance and Linear Keying Operations 4 24 Key Transition 4 28 Preset Pattern Keying Operations 4 29 Layered Mode Operations 4 32 Chroma Keying Operations 4 33 Auto Chroma Keying Procedure 4 34 Auto Setup 4 36 Basic Manual Adjustment 4 37 Optimization Adjustments 4 39 E MEM Effects Memory Operations 4 43 New Operational Mode Available Version 5 1 and later 4 44 Normal Mode ...

Page 8: ...ts 4 62 Cut Copy and Paste Keyframes 4 63 Effects Editing with Get and Put 4 65 Constant Duration Mode 4 65 Using Path Types To Change An Effect 4 66 Effects Send Operations Option 4 68 Setup 4 68 Effects Send Looping Mode 4 70 Effects Send Non Looping Mode 4 70 Frame Store Operations Option 4 71 Setup 4 71 Output Routing 4 71 Still Image Storage 4 72 Building A Recursive Effect 4 72 Video and Key...

Page 9: ...Unshaped Fill Video A 4 Correct Input Configuration A 6 Correct Operation With Shaped Fill Video A 6 Correct Operation With Unshaped Fill Video A 8 Incorrect Input Configuration A 9 Incorrect Operation With Shaped Fill Video A 9 Incorrect Operation With Unshaped Fill Video A 11 Output Shaped and Unshaped Video A 13 For the Model 3000 A 13 For the Model 4000 or Model 2200 A 15 Installation Consider...

Page 10: ... Super Black Definition of Super Black C 1 Objective C 1 Limitations C 1 Usage C 2 Using the Super Black Output C 2 Generating Super Black C 3 First Method C 4 Second Method C 4 Reconstructing the Signal C 5 Glossary Index ...

Page 11: ...el 3000 3 Digital Switching System Included here are system setup procedures switcher concepts and switcher operating procedures Refer to the Model 3000 Operation Reference manual for detailed descriptions of the switches and knobs on the control panel functions accessed through the menu display and illustrations of the menu tree structure ...

Page 12: ...know when operating the Model 3000 Operations Provides task oriented operating procedures that illustrate the operation of the Model 3000 Includes use of both panel controls and menu controls Appendices Includes available Application Notes and provides a place for you to put future Application Notes Software Release Notes and so forth Glossary Defines the terms used in the instruction manuals for ...

Page 13: ...e connected properly It is important that your switcher be properly configured before you attempt to put it into regular operation After configuring the switcher you may go directly to the operating procedures If you need more detailed information about the operation of a specific control or menu refer to the Operation Reference manual If you are not an experienced operator you should read or scan...

Page 14: ...ass Valley CA 95945 Conventions used in this manual The following graphical and typestyle conventions are used throughout this manual Button and Panel Knob References A control panel button is shown as follows Similarly a control panel knob is shown as follows Or when used in the text they are shown in the following type CLEAR WORK BUFR button BRIGHTNESS knob CLEAR WORK BUFR BRIGHTNESS ...

Page 15: ... be used when you need to access a function via the menu Soft Button and Soft Knob References In the text soft buttons and soft knobs are shown in the same type as the panel buttons and knobs using the button or knob label in the display KEYER SELECT soft button OPACITY soft knob KEYER MENU keyer HORIZ KEY POSITION 0 00 clocks OPACITY 100 00 M E 1 KEYER SELECT M E SELECT SHAPING CHROMA TRAP VIDEO ...

Page 16: ...xvi Preface ...

Page 17: ...areas of interest to the operator Both the 3000 2 a two effects switcher and the 3000 3 a three effects switcher are covered The Control Panel and Signal Processor descriptions given in this section will provide you with a basic knowledge of the Model 3000 structure Any differences between the two models will be noted System Overview ...

Page 18: ...og digital bit serial and digital bit parallel depending upon the configuration of your installation and the optional input and output modules installed The Model 3000 2 provides two mix effects M E systems a program preset mixer with dual downstream keyers and up to 32 video inputs and 32 key inputs selectable at one time from the control panel The Model 3000 3 has all the features of the 3000 2 ...

Page 19: ...lel Digital Multi format Output capability Fineline Keying Complex Matte Generators Full Complement of Wipe Patterns Key Channel Throughout 10 Bit Processing Throughout Shaped Video Inputs and Outputs 100 E MEM registers User Preference Programming Disk Storage of E MEM and System Parameters Extensive Masking Mask Draw capability ...

Page 20: ...rovides a second wipe pattern for each M E Borderline on each Keyer Dual Chroma Keyers for each M E Preview Outputs Aux Buses Safe Title Action Area Generators Four Channel Effects Send Redundant Power Supplies frame and panel Video channel Key channel and Mask channel Frame Store Chroma Key Auto Setup Refer to the end of this section for descriptions of the optional features ...

Page 21: ... processors and input output interfaces In addition to the basic system a typical system may have several options such as Chroma Keyers Secondary Wipe Generators and Frame Store Most options are available as circuit board modules to be installed in the Signal Processor Frame Refer to the Model 3000 System Information manual for a complete description of the Signal Processor A main processor HOS or...

Page 22: ...or Frame Optional Redundant power supplies are available CONTROL PANEL POWER SUPPLY Frame Power Supply Signal Processor Frame Control Panel TP0348 01 Pointing Device bitpad Frame to Panel Link CONTROL PANEL CONTROLLER HEAD OF STATE PROCESSOR Video Key Signals In Video Key Signals Out EFFECTS LOGIC INPUTS AND CROSS POINTS OUTPUT AND EXPAN SION EFFECTS PROCESSORS Figure 1 1 Simplified Block Diagram ...

Page 23: ...YERS R C B Y G M HUE PREVIEW ONLY M E 1 PVW M E 2 PVW DSK PVW HUE SOFTNESS BRIGHT TEX SATURATION OFFSET FLAT MATTE MATTE 2 MATTES MATTE SEL K1 FILL K1 BORD K2 FILL K2 BORD BKGD 1 BKGD 2 DOWNSTREAM KEYERS OUT LINE SHOW KEY EXTD INV VIDEO KEY SHDW SPLIT KEY DSK 2 SIZE POS OPACITY GAIN CLIP BORD DSK 1 MATTE FILL LUM KEY NORM KEY OVER VIDEO FILL LIN KEY KEY ON INH MASK POSITIONER CTR KEYERS GAIN CLIP ...

Page 24: ...Q BANK EFF DIS LOCK LRN 4 UNDO 1 7 0 8 6 TRAN RATE 9 BANK 0 ENTER RUN EFFECTS MEMORY REV AUTO RUN FLIP FLOP RE WIND STOP NEXT KF BANK 1 5 3 2 8888888888888888 CLEAR WORK BUFR MOD COPY MOD EVENT EFF DUR NEXT PASTE TIME ALIGN CONST DUR MARK BLOCK PREV PUT GET GO TO TIME GO TO KF INSRT BEFOR INSRT AFTER CUT MARK KF DUR SELECTIVITY LUM SHADOW OPACITY CHROMA CHROMA KEYERS R C B Y G M SHDW ON BKGD SUPR ...

Page 25: ...auto timing of the input signals then performs an analog to digital conversion of each signal and multiplexes the data onto a video or key bus Digital Bit Parallel Quad Input Module Converts the inputs from ECL to TTL auto times the signals and multiplexes them onto the video or key bus Digital Bit Serial Quad Input Module Decodes the inputs from serial to parallel auto times the signals and multi...

Page 26: ...ells A1 through A3 Up to 16 Quad Input Modules Any mix of module types Up to 3 Dual RGB Input Modules QUAD ANALOG INPUT MODULE QUAD PARALLEL DIGITAL INPUT MODULE QUAD SERIAL DIGITAL INPUT MODULE DUAL RGB INPUT MODULE DUAL RGB INPUT MODULE Module Cells C1 through C16 0702 03 DUAL RGB INPUT MODULE ...

Page 27: ...ype of output module installed in that cell The following choices of output modules are available Composite Analog 4 signal channels 3 outputs of each signal Parallel Digital 4 signals 1 output of each signal Serial Digital 4 signals 3 outputs of each signal Standard Analog outputs include DSK Program Video DSK Program Key Mask Bus Switched Preview Video Optional outputs Analog and or Digital incl...

Page 28: ...LOG OUTPUT MODULE QUAD PARALLEL DIGITAL OUTPUT MODULE QUAD SERIAL DIGITAL OUTPUT MODULE Module Cells A4 through A17 0348 04 4 Signal Channels per Module 3 Outputs of each Signal 4 Signal Channels per Module 3 Outputs of each Signal 4 Signal Channels per Module 1 Output of each Signal Figure 1 5 Video and Key Outputs ...

Page 29: ...ted to digital format and all inputs are timed and conditioned The digital signals are then passed to the Video and Effects Section where keying and mixing take place This section also provides effect modifications such as wipes that can be applied to selected inputs In the Output Section digital video and key signals are converted to any desired composite format analog parallel digital or serial ...

Page 30: ...ore are available as inputs to the crosspoint matrix Two sets of RGB signals may be applied per optional Dual RGB input module These inputs are forwarded to a Dual Chroma Keyer module Keyers in each Mix Effects bank provide outputs to the Effects Loop crosspoints for sending outside the switcher for external processing or for routing to the M E mixers and wipe generators The Effects Send outputs c...

Page 31: ...manner similar to Keyers 1 and 2 Optional preview capability allows monitoring of sources at certain points in the signal flow You can preview video from the M E mixers Flip Flop Mix and DSK mixer switched preview bus or mask bus Eight level sensitive GPI inputs are provided You can assign each of these inputs via the GPI Input menu to perform a specific function when triggered The editor interfac...

Page 32: ...IAL DIGITAL M E Program Video and Key Switched Preview and Mask Clipped Mask and Mask Store Video 0702 05L control buses not shown for simplicity Clocks Black Back ground and Test Signals CONTROL PANEL SYNC GENERATOR CONTROLLER Program Preset and DSK Video and Key Aux Bus 5A 7B Video and Key 80 X 48 VIDEO CROSSPOINT MATRIX QUAD KEYER MODULES M E 1 M E 2 M E 3 M E1 M E2 M E3 Chr Key M E Video and K...

Page 33: ...SERIAL DIGITAL PGM PST MIXER AND DUAL DSK Mask Store Input DSK Pvw Video M E Pvw Video M E 1 and M E 2 Program Video and Key 0348 05R Outputs Program Video Key Clean Feed Video PREVIEW M E and DSK Preview Mask and Switched Preview Mask Store Output Clean Feed Video DSK Preview Video Mask Switched Preview M E1 and M E 2 Preview DSK Preview Aux Bus Video and Key Frame Store Video and Key M E 1 and M...

Page 34: ...ific M E Borderline Key Edge Generation Borderline Key Edge Generators are available for each keyer in the switcher The Borderline feature is implemented as a mezzanine board that plugs onto the Keyer module of any M E Each Borderline generator supports 1 2 or 3 line wide borders for border and outline modes and 1 to 6 line wide edges for shadow and extrude modes Fill within the key edges may be e...

Page 35: ...s video signals without any keys added is provided by a Look Ahead Preview mezzanine board installed on the Mixer and Primary Wipe Generator module Frame Store The Frame Store option allows storage and retrieval of images at a resolution of 10 bits Either two two field pictures and keys or one four field picture and key can be frozen in the Frame Store A two field mask store is also provided Effec...

Page 36: ...Model 3000 Switcher An unlimited number of Tally Expansion frames each with up to three tally modules can be added to the switcher Remote Auxiliary Bus Control Panels Three models of Remote Aux Control Panels are available for controlling your switcher auxiliary buses from a remote location The one and two RU panels each control a single aux bus the three RU panel provides delegated control of any...

Page 37: ...d setting user preferences The following items are discussed in this manual section Powering Up on page 2 2 Software Setup on page 2 7 Setting System Parameters on page 2 10 Configuring Inputs on page 2 14 Configuring External Interfaces on page 2 32 Formatting Aux Buses on page 2 53 Setting User Preferences on page 2 54 Setting User Defined System Defaults on page 2 63 Operating Notes on page 2 6...

Page 38: ...trol Panel turn on both power supply switches Verify that the green RUN LED on the control panel CPU Board is lit This board is located in the middle of the control panel tub on the Model 3000 2 and in the upper control panel in the Model 3000 3 3 Verify that the Menu Display on the upper Control Panel is on and displaying the Grass Valley sign on logo 4 Verify that the pushbutton lamps on the pan...

Page 39: ...he use of the Configuration User Prefs Define Defaults Menu as described later in this section System Status Before attempting to configure the Model 3000 Switcher it is helpful to know what inputs and outputs are available and what options are installed in the Signal Processor The three pages of the Install Info Menu available under the main Status Menu provides information about the presence ver...

Page 40: ...nstalled software is displayed in the upper right hand corner of the display INSTALLATION INFO MENU status install info UPPER BOARDS LOWER BOARDS MODEL 3000 3 SOFTWARE VERSION 5 0 SLOT 1 2 3 4 5 BOARD M1 CK DECODER M2 CK DECODER M3 CK DECODER M1 KEYER K1 BDL K2 BDL M2 KEYER K1 BDL K2 BDL VERSION 068907 01A 068943 228 068907 01A 068943 228 068907 01A 068943 228 068904 01D 068915 00A 068915 00A 0689...

Page 41: ...u are setting parameters for analog and digital outputs and RGB chroma keyer inputs SLOT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 BOARD RGB CK IN RGB CK IN RGB CK IN DIG OUT SER ANLG OUT DIG OUT PAR VERSION 068922 00C 068922 00C 068922 00C 068931 00F 068929 00F 068930 00C SLOT 13 14 15 16 17 BOARD DIG OUT PAR ANLG OUT VERSION 068930 00C 068929 00F INSTALLATION INFO MENU status install info UPPER BOARDS LOWER BO...

Page 42: ...wish to refer back to this menu when you are setting parameters for analog and digital inputs SLOT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 BOARD DIG IN PAR DIG IN PAR DIG IN SER VERSION 068923 00B 068923 00B 068924 00C SLOT 13 14 15 16 17 BOARD ANLG IN AUTO ANLG IN AUTO ANLG IN AUTO VERSION 068921 00G 068921 00G 068921 00G INSTALLATION INFO MENU status install info MODEL 3000 3 SOFTWARE VERSION 5 0 UPPER BOARD...

Page 43: ...are accessed through the Configuration Menu an overview of which may be seen in the menu tree in Figure 2 1 and Figure 2 2 The Configuration Menu The Configuration Menu is a top level menu that provides access to the User Preferences System Parameters Inputs Outputs External Interface and Aux Bus Format submenus 1 To begin the setup process press the CONFG button on the Main Menu subpanel of the U...

Page 44: ...AL RES EXT KEY SYNC SETUP ON KEY MAP INPUTS CHR KEY INPUTS GPI INPUTS M E SELECT GVG DEFAULT SET DEFAULT M E 1 M E 2 M E 3 RUN REWIND AUTO RUN REVERSE FIELD 1 FIELD 2 NONE OVER WRITE RENAME CANCEL or DO SAVE CANCEL CURSOR BACK ACCEPT CHAR CURSOR FORWRD DELETE CHAR SAVE STRING GET STRING ACCEPT NAME YEAR MONTH DAY TIME HOUR MINUTE SECOND M E 1 M E 2 M E 3 PGM PST ALL KEYERS DELEG KEYER OFF PVW SELE...

Page 45: ...OPE KRYSTAL OTHER NONE DPM SELECT CHANNEL SELECT DEVICE SELECT MISC PHYS CHAN DEVICE 1 DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 DEVICE 1 DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 CHAN A CHAN B CHAN C CHAN D CHAN E CHAN F CHAN G CHAN H SECONDARY A B C D E F G H MISC DPM 1 DPM 2 DPM 3 DPM 4 NO OF CHANNELS CHAN 1 AUX CHAN 1 8 AUX 1 7 SWR IN SWR OUT BOTH OFF DEVICE SELECT DPM TYPE CHANNEL ROUTING DPM MAP AUX BUS DPM MAP INPUTS EF...

Page 46: ...tton select either 7 5 IRE or 0 IRE This sets the video standard internal black level for operation on the NTSC standard used in the U S A Black 7 5 IRE or the NTSC standard used in Japan Black 0 IRE 3 Set the START HORIZONTAL BLANKING soft knob as desired This adjusts the start of H blanking over a range of 16 0 clocks to 16 0 clocks The default value is 0 0 clocks SYSTEM PARAMETERS MENU FIELD 2 ...

Page 47: ...6 Set the FIELD DOM to FIELD 1 FIELD 2 or NONE Refer to page 2 64 7 Select the desired matte generator chroma limiting algorithm with the MATTE GEN LIM button The selections are as follows XMITABL Prevents the total signal luminance and chrominance from exceeding the NTSC transmission standard VALID RGB Limits colors to those which generate red green and blue values within the 0 to 100 range BOTH ...

Page 48: ...enu 2 Set the date by selecting DATE with the SELECT button and turning the soft knobs to select the appropriate YEAR MONTH and DAY 3 Press the CONFIRM button to enter the new date SET CLOCK MENU config system param set clock SELECT CONFIRM DAY 4 YEAR 1994 MONTH July TIME July 4 1994 5 07 00 PM CLOCK Press CONFIRM button to update the clock setting DATE ...

Page 49: ...elect the HOUR MINUTE and SECOND 5 Press the CONFIRM button to enter the new time 6 Press the EXIT button to return to the Configuration Menu SET CLOCK MENU config system param set clock SELECT CONFIRM SECOND 0 HOUR 5 PM MINUTE 7 TIME DATE July 4 1994 5 07 00 PM CLOCK Press CONFIRM button to update the clock setting ...

Page 50: ...6 shifted inputs described below In the Model 3000 3 forty eight inputs may be assigned to the crosspoint buttons 24 unshifted and 24 shifted inputs described below The external video and key assignments must correspond to the video and key inputs connected to the frame as described in the Installation section of the Installation and Service manual The assignments made on the source selection pane...

Page 51: ...us configuration settings for your inputs INPUTS MENU config inputs EXT KEY SYNC DIGITAL RES SETUP ON KEY MAP INPUTS CHR KEY INPUTS TOP TEST SIGNAL GPI INPUTS 100 COLOR BARS 75 COLOR BARS MULTIPULSE PULSE BAR CHR KEY TEST H RAMP H RAMP LSB 100 COLOR BARS 75 COLOR BARS MULTIBURST MULTIPULSE PULSE BAR H RAMP H RAMP LSB BOTTOM TEST SIGNAL MULTIBURST CHR KEY TEST ...

Page 52: ...the CARD SELECT button is pressed 3 Set the input digital resolution to either 8 BIT or 10 BIT for each of the four selected digital inputs 4 Repeat steps 2 through 4 until all digital inputs have been configured 5 Press the EXIT button to return to the Inputs Menu INPUT DIGITAL RESOLUTION MENU 1 TO 8 config inputs digital res CARD SELECT GROUP SELECT INPUT 53 INPUT 55 INPUT 54 INPUT 56 C 14 9 TO ...

Page 53: ...ails to detect sync The range of the soft knob is 256 clocks to 256 clocks1 The default setting is zero 0 clocks 5 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all external key inputs have been configured 6 Press EXIT to return to the Inputs Menu 1 A clock period is approximately 69 8 ns EXT KEY SYNC MENU 1 TO 8 config inputs ext key sync CARD SELECT GROUP SELECT INPUT 53 INPUT 55 INPUT 54 MANUAL TIME FOR INPUT 55 ...

Page 54: ...uts 3 Set the setup to either NO SETUP or KEY SETUP for each of the four selected inputs 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all key inputs have been configured 5 Press the EXIT button to return to the Inputs Menu SETUP ON KEY MENU 1 TO 8 KEY SETUP KEY SETUP KEY SETUP NO SETUP config inputs setup on key CARD SELECT GROUP SELECT INPUT 53 INPUT 55 INPUT 54 INPUT 56 NO SETUP NO SETUP NO SETUP KEY SETUP Card...

Page 55: ...ater in this section under Configuring a DPM 3 On the PST bus on the Source Select panel press the crosspoint button whose sources you wish to map All crosspoints in that vertical column will have the same inputs MAP INPUTS MENU SHAPED VIDEO config inputs map_inputs VIDEO KEY FMT CHROMA KEY INPUT NONE ENCODED VIDEO INPUT 4 ANL AUT 10 BIT SETUP KEY INPUT 1 DIG SER 8 BIT SETUP SYNC NAME XPT BUTTON L...

Page 56: ... NOTE This function is applied to a key input only if the external key is being used with video or super black 7 After mapping the input you may name the crosspoint by pressing NAME XPT BUTTON The Name Xpt Button Menu then appears as shown below NAME XPT BUTTON MENU config inputs map inputs name xpt button ACCEPT CHAR CURSOR BACK CURSOR FORWARD SAVE STRING DELETE CHAR A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O...

Page 57: ...nu 10 Continue selecting characters in this manner until the desired name is spelled out in the menu You may enter up to 9 characters for the input name NOTE For a 3000 3 with the Input Readout Display option only the first 4 characters of the name will be displayed 11 Press ACCEPT NAME to store the source name 12 Repeat steps 3 through 11 until all inputs have been mapped and named Press EXIT unt...

Page 58: ...he desired input format for that input 3 Adjust the coarse and fine timing for each chroma key input The range of the COARSE soft knob is 256 clocks to 256 clocks Use the FINE soft knob to adjust the fractional value from 0 000 to 0 999 clocks 4 Press EXIT to return to the Inputs Menu CHROMA KEY INPUTS MENU config inputs chr key inputs INPUT 2 INPUT 1 INPUT 3 INPUT 4 INPUT 6 COARSE FINE INPUT FORM...

Page 59: ...Inputs Menu The first time you do this no functions will appear in the second column of the menu table FUNCTION SELECT MISC GPI INPUTS MENU config inputs gpi inputs GPI SELECT KF EFFECT AUTO TRANS E MEM CUT AUX BUS 1 PROGRAM GPI FRAME STORE MISC AUX TALLY 1 MISC When the desired function is selected press PROGRAM GPI button to set the selected GPI input to the selected function Choose from these 6...

Page 60: ...e FUNCTION SELECT knob to select the specific function to be assigned Aux Tally etc 5 For each GPI after the desired function has been selected press PROGRAM GPI to enter the selection The function will then appear in the table in the display The following functions are available for assignment MISC Enables selection of the Aux Tally Back function or allows the selected GPI input to be disabled AU...

Page 61: ...cuts may be triggered by the GPI M E 1 M E 2 M E 3 and F F E MEM Enables selection of the E MEM GPI function The following E MEM functions may be triggered by the GPI RECALL M E 1 RECALL M E 2 RECALL M E 3 RECALL MSTR AUTO RECALL EFX DISSOLV and SEQUENCE The REGISTER soft knob selects the register for E MEM recalls FRAME STORE Enables selection of the Frame Store GPI function Triggered functions a...

Page 62: ... set in the System Parameters Menu as described previously Refer to the Super Black Application Note in the Appendices section of this manual for information on using Super Black SETUP ON KEY Selects or deselects setup on the key output signal OUTPUTS MENU ON ON config outputs CHROMA CLIP 105 LUM CLIP 105 IRE ON COMPOSITE CLIP 138 IRE SHAPED PGM M E 1 PGM M E 2 PGM M E 3 PGM AUX BUS 1 AUX BUS 2 AU...

Page 63: ...ing level of the output signal This clips out luminance levels above the selected threshold The range of the soft knob is from 75 IRE to 138 IRE The default setting is 105 IRE Use the CHROMA CLIP soft knob to adjust the chrominance clipping level of the output signal This clips out chrominance levels above the selected threshold The range of the soft knob is from 80 to 120 The default setting is 1...

Page 64: ...ct other timing in your facility The switcher length timing adjustment is done in the Configuration Outputs Output Timing menu 1 To gain access to the switcher length adjustment first press the CONFG button on the main menu subpanel then press the OUTPUTS soft button in the Configuration menu OUTPUTS MENU ON ON config outputs CHROMA CLIP 105 LUM CLIP 105 IRE ON COMPOSITE CLIP 138 IRE ON PGM M E 1 ...

Page 65: ...itcher PGM Out signal on the Aux 1 throughAux 4 outputs the adjustment should typically be set for 11 clocks 768 25 ns For viewing video through the longest path through the switcher PGM Out on Mask Bus and Mask Bus out on PVW bus the adjustment should typically be set for 49 clocks 3422 15 ns 1 A clock is equal to approximately 69 84 ns OUTPUT TIMING MENU config outputs output timing OUTPUT TIMIN...

Page 66: ...bit resolution OUTPUT DIGITAL RESOLUTION MENU config outputs digital res CARD SELECT GROUP SELECT SWITCHED PVW MASK DSK PGM KEY 4 TO 10 8 BITS A 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 A 15 A 17 SERIAL ANALOG PARALLEL SERIAL NO BOARD ANALOG 10 BITS 8 BITS 8 BITS 8 BITS 8 BITS 10 BITS 10 BITS 8 BITS 10 BITS 10 BITS A 16 10 BITS 10 BITS 8 BITS 8 BITS A 16 PARALLEL 8 BITS 8 BITS 10 BITS 8 BITS DSK PGM VIDEO 10 BITS 8 BITS...

Page 67: ...he names of the outputs change above the soft buttons 3 Set the resolution to either 8 BIT or 10 BIT for each of the four selected digital outputs 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all digital outputs have been configured NOTE Dithering of the 8 bit outputs is selectable in the Misc Signal Process Menu 5 Press the main menu CONFG button to return to the Configuration Menu ...

Page 68: ...or changed through the External Interface Menu 1 From the Configuration Menu select EXTERN I F to display the External Interface Menu This menu provides selections for defining interface parameters for peripherals connected to the Model 3000 EXTERNAL INTERFACE MENU config extern if DPM I F EDITOR I F PERIPHERAL I F GPI I F ...

Page 69: ...elect the Editor Interface Menu 2 With the BAUD and PARITY buttons select the baud rate and parity parameters for the editor port by incrementing to the desired settings 3 Press EXIT to return to the External Interface Menu EDITOR INTERFACE MENU config extern if editor if EVEN NONE PARITY BAUD 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 ODD ...

Page 70: ...DPM however the highest level of system integration is achieved where there is a control connection Video Connection Aux Buses and Return Inputs Anormal video signal path consists of an aux bus output from the switcher feeding a DPM input and the DPM output returned to a switcher input which is mapped to a switcher source select button The video path through a DPM introduces a video delay into the...

Page 71: ... crosspoint selection is learned for each DPM on separate E MEM levels In cases where it is not desirable to have an aux bus selection learned recalled on the MISC level it is possible to configure the aux bus to a DPM level such as DPM 4 and never enable that level An example would be if the aux bus were controlled by a Remote Aux panel DPM Capabilities Fixed and Pooled The characteristics of the...

Page 72: ...o have a predictable relationship between aux buses and DPM channels e g aux bus 1 feeding DPM channel 1 aux bus feeding channel 2 etc and to have a particular switcher crosspoint button always select the same DPM channel return input For a fixed device such as the DPM 700 this relationship is achieved by cabling alone For a pooled device such as Kaleidoscope the Model 3000 achieves predictable DP...

Page 73: ...e In the example in Figure 2 3 Physical Aux Bus 1 is connected to Kaleidoscope Physical Channel A Bus 2 to Channel B and so on Kaleidoscope Logical Channels Kaleidoscope Channel Pool Switcher Output Routing Phys Aux 2 Phys Aux 1 Phys Aux 3 Phys Aux 4 Phys Aux 5 Switcher Input Routing Kaleidoscope Physical Channels Logical Aux 1 Logical Aux 7 Logical Aux 4 Logical Aux 6 Logical Aux 5 Logical Aux 3 ...

Page 74: ...ogical channels 1 2 3 appear on the crosspoints configured for these logical channels For the above configuration the selection of CHANNEL ROUTING in the DPM Setup Menu should be set to BOTH There are circumstances where output routing is not desirable For example the DPM may have more than 5 channels In that case a router or patch panel may be inserted between the switcher and Kaleidoscope Figure...

Page 75: ...leidoscope Channel Pool Router Patch Panel 16 Inputs Aux 1 Aux 7 Aux 4 Aux 6 Aux 5 Aux 3 Aux 2 A C E G B D F H Model 3000 Logical Channel 2 Logical Channel 5 Logical Channel 4 Logical Channel 3 Logical Channel 1 0347 02 30 H G F E D C B A Switcher Input Routing Figure 2 4 Example of Connections Using an External Router ...

Page 76: ...s automatically assigned to Kaleidoscope With Kaleidoscope controlling the aux buses when a source button is selected on the Kaleidoscope panel that source button is also selected on the switcher for that aux bus and vice versa So an effect running on Kaleidoscope can cause the switcher to select different crosspoints This is the mechanism used to achieve front back switching All control connectio...

Page 77: ...and channel routing for each of up to 4 DPM devices as follows 1 From the External Interface Menu press DPM I F to bring up the DPM Setup Menu 2 From the DPM Setup Menu press DEVICE SELECT to select the desired DEVICE 1 through 4 DPM SETUP MENU CONTROL DELAY 7 fields DPM TYPE DEVICE SELECT DPM MAP AUX BUSES DPM1 DPM MAP INPUTS OTHER FIXED NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 EFF SEN...

Page 78: ...Set CHANNEL ROUTING for SWR IN or BOTH depending upon your system configuration as described previously under Configuring a DPM e Reset the Control Processor in the Model 3000 Signal Processor frame This is done by opening the front door of the Processor and pressing the RESET button located near the top of the Control Processor module in cell 17 of Bay B Communication should now be established be...

Page 79: ...d pressing the RESET button located near the top of the Control Processor module For Other Non Poolable DPMs For devices which must be set up manually 1 Program all other required parameters 2 Set EFF SEND DELAY to 0 3 Select BLACK on the Aux Bus feeding the external device NOTE A delay has been introduced when changing DPM TYPE This delay allows a new DPM TYPE to be chosen without cycling through...

Page 80: ...LECT button to select the desired DEVICE 1 through 4 3 For Kaleidoscope rotate the NUMBER OF CHANNELS knob to assign Aux Buses 1 through n to this DPM number Turn the FIRST CHANNEL knob to assign the first aux bus to the first physical channel of the DPM DPM MAP AUX BUSES MENU DEVICE SELECT DPM 1 AUX 5 CHAN A AUX 6 CHAN B MISC PHYS CHAN DPM 2 DPM 3 DPM 4 NUMBER OF CHANNELS 4 FIRST CHANNEL CHAN E C...

Page 81: ... MEM operations 5 Press the EXIT button to return to the DPM Setup Menu Mapping DPM Inputs Set up the DPM video and key return input numbers as follows 1 From the DPM Setup Menu press DPM MAP INPUTS to bring up the DPM Map Inputs Menu DEVICE 1 DPM MAP INPUTS MENU CHANNEL SELECT DPM SELECT CHAN 2 CHAN 1 CHAN 3 CHAN 4 CHAN 5 CHAN 6 CHAN 7 SECONDARY DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 VIDEO INPUT 19 KEY INPUT...

Page 82: ...assigned to Kaleidoscope are configured for KEY operation of their B aux buses NOTE It is not necessary to set the video key format for aux buses that are to be used for Effects Send When Effects Send is selected the B bus of each selected aux bus is automatically configured as a key Mapping DPM Returns Complete the DPM Setup by assigning the DPM channel returns to Model 3000 crosspoints as follow...

Page 83: ...6 Rotate the CHROMA KEY INPUT knob to select the chroma key input for this crosspoint 7 Press the main menu CONFG button to return to the Configuration Menu MAP INPUTS MENU SHAPED VIDEO config inputs map inputs VIDEO KEY FMT CHROMA KEY INPUT NONE ENCODED VIDEO INPUT DPM 1 LOG CHAN 1 KSCOPE KEY INPUT DPM 1 LOG CHAN 1 KSCOPE NAME XPT BUTTON LOG PHYS ASSIGNMENT UNSHAPED VIDEO PHYS INPUTS LOG CHANNEL ...

Page 84: ... to be mapped then turn the second knob to assign the desired switcher crosspoint Press the SET DEFAULTS soft button to return the mapping to the Grass Valley defaults shown in the illustration above DPM K SCOPE SOURCES MENU config extern if dpm setup dpm k scope sources SET DEFAULTS 1 12 13 14 0 SWR BTN SWR BTN SWR BTN 22 24 25 15 14 17 27 18 28 19 29 20 30 21 31 K SCOPE BTN K SCOPE BTN K SCOPE B...

Page 85: ... 2 Select the baud rate and parity parameters for the Peripheral Bus II port interface by incrementing to the desired settings These should be set to be the same for the Model 3000 and the peripheral device For a DPM 700 set the baud rate to 38400 and parity for NONE PERIPHERAL INTERFACE MENU config extern if peripheral if PERIPHERAL TRIGGERS NOTE The Peripheral Bus port is labelled Port A3 on the...

Page 86: ...e Attach Peripheral Trigger Menu description in the Operator s Guide for attaching peripheral triggers to E MEM registers 3 From the Peripheral Interface Menu press PERIPHERAL TRIGGERS to open the Peripheral Triggers Menu 4 Increment TRIGGER SELECT to select the trigger to be configured A through H 5 Turn the DEVICE NUMBER soft knob to select the peripheral device to which that trigger will be sen...

Page 87: ...igger Functions Trigger DPMTrigger Function DPM E MEM Recall 0 Function not defined Not valid 1 STOP DPM RECALL REGISTER 1 2 RUN DPM RECALL REGISTER 2 3 NEXT KEYFRAME DPM RECALL REGISTER 3 4 PREVIOUS KEYFRAME DPM RECALL REGISTER 4 5 STOP NEXT DPM RECALL REGISTER 5 6 REVERSE DPM RECALL REGISTER 6 7 REWIND DPM RECALL REGISTER 7 8 KEYER AUTO TRANS DPM RECALL REGISTER 8 9 KEYER CUT DPM RECALL REGISTER...

Page 88: ... set E MEM levels for each assigned GPI You may also set the duration of the GPI trigger signal This menu is accessed from the Config External If Menu 1 Use the SELECT GPI button to select the desired GPI number 2 Press the E MEM LEVEL button to select the desired E MEM level 3 Use the LENGTH soft knob to select the required GPI trigger duration in fields 4 Repeat Steps 1 through 3 for other GPIs ...

Page 89: ...For Effects Send operation it is not necessary to configure the B buses in this menu When Effects Send is selected this menu is ignored and the corresponding B bus is automatically configured as a key If the Key Store is configured for video Aux Bus 4 should also be configured for VIDEO Any aux buses assigned to Kaleidoscope but not used for Effects Send should have their B buses configured for KE...

Page 90: ...n Switcher crosspoint buses may be locked into a shifted state This allows ready access to input sources that have been mapped to shifted crosspoints Shift lock is enabled by choosing the LATCH selection on the User Prefs Menu When NORMAL is selected the SHIFT button stays lit and the bus containing that crosspoint remains in the shifted state after a shifted crosspoint is selected USER PREFS MENU...

Page 91: ...crosspoint selected on this bus will now be a shifted crosspoint The SHIFT button light will remain ON while the bus is in this state To Unshift Lock a Bus On a Shift Locked bus Press and hold the SHIFT button Select a crosspoint button The bus is now unshifted and the SHIFT button lamp is OFF NOTE You must press SHIFT plus a crosspoint button in order to revert to the unshifted state Simply press...

Page 92: ...K DROP button allows you to enable or disable DSK Drop mode The KEY MEMORY button allows you to turn on or off the key memory feature The CLEAR KEY MEM button opens the Clear Key Memory Menu which allows you to clear the key memory settings for various areas of the switcher KEYER PREFS MENU config user prefs keyer prefs KEY MEMORY DSK DROP CLEAR KEY MEM ON OFF ON OFF ...

Page 93: ... number of that crosspoint will appear in the CURRENT XPT box in the menu 4 Use the CLEAR XPT CLEAR BUS CLEAR SECTION or CLEAR SWITCHER button to clear the desired memory area 5 Press EXIT to return to the User Preferences Menu CLEAR KEY MEMORY MENU config user prefs keyer prefs clear key mem BUS SELECT CURRENT XPT SECTION SELECT CLEAR XPT CLEAR SECTION CLEAR BUS CLEAR SWITCHER M E 2 M E 3 DSK AUX...

Page 94: ...itor s 2 Press PVW SELECT to select the switcher subsystem for which you which to set the preview options M E 1 M E 2 M E 3 or PGM PST 3 Press the PVW MODE button to select the preview mode desired for the selected switcher subsystem AUTO OFF PVW SELECT DIM PVW PUSH TO PVW PGM PGM PGM ALL KEYERS OFF OFF PGM M E 2 DELEG KEYER PREVIEW PREFS MENU config user prefs preview prefs PUSH TO PREVIEW TIMEOU...

Page 95: ... 2 5 AUTO Use this mode to automatically toggle between the M E PGM and PVW next transition outputs when a single M E monitor is used The monitor displays the M E PVW output when the M E is on air high tally it displays the M E PGM output when it is not on air low tally LOOKAHEAD Use to preview what is going on air next Always shows the next transition of the selected M E PGM Use to display the PG...

Page 96: ...tcher AUTO Switcher PGM 2 Monitors per M E 1 Monitor per M E 1 Monitor per M E M E 2 PGM Out M E 2 PVW Out PVW Out PVW Out Fixed Lookahead PGM Out Low Tally Lookahead Hi Tally Fixed PGM In effect no PVW function enabled Figure 2 5 Preview Mode Configurations ...

Page 97: ...old down the key delegate button for example KEY 1 or KEY 2 on the Keyer panel of the appropriate keyer for 1 2 second or more to display the M E look ahead preview along with the selected keyer output on the switched preview monitor When the key delegate button is released the preview display remains on for a programmed time out period as set by the PUSH TO PREVIEW TIMEOUT soft knob before revert...

Page 98: ... copy M E 1 Key 1 to M E 1 Key 1 copy a key onto itself you will get a beep with Beeper Prefs selection WARNING ON END OF KNOB Enable or disable the beeper alert that sounds when the knob is turned to either end of its range KNOB CENTER Enable or disable the beeper alert that sounds when the knob is turned to the center of its range INACTIVE KNOB Enable or disable the beeper alert for knobs turned...

Page 99: ...e settings you want to be used during power up Only one set of values is stored for the M Es therefore both M Es will use the same values at boot up 8 On the switcher panel including the selected M E set up the switcher state that you want the switcher to assume when it is turned on 9 Press SET DEFAULT to enter the new default values 10 Pressing the GVG DEFAULT button will restore the factory set ...

Page 100: ...hanged Use of Field Dominance If the output of the Model 3000 is going to be recorded onto tape that will later be edited along with other tape it is important that changes take place consistently on the same field They can occur on either Field 1 or Field 2 of the frame but need to be on the same field every time If this is not done there will be a flash at the edit in the resulting taped video W...

Page 101: ...ng the Mask Draw Feature This section describes some tips and tricks about using mask draw See The Mask Store Menu descriptions for how to select manipulate mask draw functions NOTE You may want to browse the descriptions below then experiment with the brush and screen selections provided on the Mask Store Menu 1 Using the STRAIGHT and FREEHAND draw modes selected with the DRAW MODE button STRAIGH...

Page 102: ...ely closed the fill will leak out and fill the entire screen This may happen if you have the BRUSH SOFTNESS soft knob set to a low value such as 0 to 15 First press the FILL SHAPE button to get a cross hair cursor Then touch the graphics tablet pen inside the shape to be filled the filling action will begin The screen message FILL REGION COMPLETE displays when the operation is complete NOTE The FI...

Page 103: ... for the delegated or ALL keyer c If you will be using the FRZE and GRAB functions Set the Mask Store button Mask Store Subpanel to ON 2 Display the Mask Store Menu menu path Frame Store Mask Store 3 Press the DRAW button to select ON default state DRAW ON does the following a Initializes the graphics tablet b Enables all Mask Store Menu functions c Sets Freeze mode to ON if it was OFF Frame Store...

Page 104: ...del 3000 1 From the Map Inputs Menu a Select LOG CHANNEL with the LOG PHYS ASSIGN button b Select DPM 1 LOG CHAN 1 with the VIDEO INPUT soft knob c Select DPM 1 LOG CHAN 1 with the KEY INPUT soft knob d Select NONE with the CHROMA KEY INPUT soft knob 2 From the DPM Setup Menu a Choose DPM 1 with the DEVICE SELECT button b Choose OTHER FIXED with the DPM TYPE button 3 From the DPM Map Aux Buses Men...

Page 105: ...igure GPIs 1 2 a Select GPI 1 with the GPI SELECT button b Press the MISC button to set the FUNCTION SELECT soft knob to LOG TALLY c Verify that the AUX BUS soft knob 1 and that the VIDEO INPUT soft knob DPM 1 LOG CHAN 1 d Press the PROGRAM GPI button to execute your selection Note the displayed entry for GPI 1 MISC BUS 1 DPM 1 CHAN 1 e Select GPI 2 with the GPI SELECT button f Press the MISC butt...

Page 106: ... enabled communication is established which provides E MEM recall and run control To Enable the Model 3000 1 Turn on high tally the DPM button that was configured for Kaleidoscope usually DPM 1 on the E MEM Enables subpanel 2 Bring up the DPM Setup Menu on the Model 3000 as follows a Press CONFG on the main menu panel b Select EXTERN I F in the Configuration Menu c Select DPM I F in the External I...

Page 107: ...ing camera applications where a shading panel button overrides the normal selection on an aux bus Override occurs when the shading panel button is held down The aux bus switches to that camera so that the effects of the camera shading controls are visible When the shading panel button is released the aux bus returns to its previous selection Joystick Override Programming Each remote aux panel has ...

Page 108: ...2 72 Section 2 Startup Configuration ...

Page 109: ...understand how the switcher works Items that will be discussed in this section include the following Clear Working Buffer on page 3 2 Auto Delegation on page 3 4 Crosspoint Bus on page 3 5 Transitions on page 3 6 Keys on page 3 9 Shaped and Unshaped Video on page 3 13 Super Black on page 3 15 Chroma Key on page 3 16 Coring on page 3 18 Layering on page 3 19 E MEM Effects Memory on page 3 20 Keyfra...

Page 110: ... is a set of switcher parameters stored in memory that may be used to return the switcher to a known set of conditions Some of these parameters may be periodically updated with software updates The User Defined Default buffer is battery backed RAM that may be used to store a set of parameters tailored to your requirements and preferences At power up the information in the User Defined Default memo...

Page 111: ...urrent Working Buffer including Keyers This is the same as a single press of the button with the addition of key memory parameters being cleared crosspoints are unaffected 3 Single press of the CLEAR WORK BUFR button while holding down a key bus crosspoint button Clears only the key memory portion of the Current Working Buffer for the selected key crosspoint This includes clearing any split keys f...

Page 112: ...panel For example the single Chroma Keyer subpanel is used for controlling all Chroma Keyers and is activated by pressing the CHR KEY button on one of the M E Keyer subpanels The switcher also delegates certain menus to be displayed when specific buttons on the subpanels are double pressed also known as a DPOP Double Press Operation The second press must occur within a predetermined amount of time...

Page 113: ...the output buses are called crosspoint buttons Crosspoint buses include the following A and B background buses and the Key buses on the M Es PGM Program and PST Preset background buses and the DSK Downstream Keyer bus on the PGM PST DSK section PVW Preview Mask Aux auxiliary buses The background buses feed the video mixers allowing you to select background sources and do transitions between them T...

Page 114: ...ntly from the picture selected on the Program bus to the picture selected on the Preset bus Acut can also be used to switch a key on or off air instantaneously Mix Transition A mix is a transition from one picture to another in which the new picture mixes into and then replaces the picture that was already on air Figure 3 1 The switcher allows you to mix from one background picture to another or t...

Page 115: ...3 7 Transitions Figure 3 1 A Mix Transition Starting Video Midway Transition Ending Video ...

Page 116: ...the key over the existing background or removes it without affecting the existing background A wipe transition can also change the background and the key s at the same time Wipes can take the shape of any of the available wipe patterns which can be adjusted for position aspect ratio multiples rotation modulation edge width edge color and edge softness Twenty four wipe patterns are available from t...

Page 117: ...re For example keys are used to insert captions to place a small news scene or graphic over the shoulder of a newscaster or to place the image of a weather reporter in front of a weather map There are several types of keys each of which serves a different purpose These will be briefly described on the following pages ...

Page 118: ...ness than the clip setting is ignored and will not cut the hole The operator can also invert the key so that dark areas of the source cut the hole instead of bright areas To use an example suppose you want to insert a green logo into some background video You could print the logo in white on black paper and then focus a camera on it You can then apply the signal from the camera to the switcher s k...

Page 119: ...o include a gain control which sets the sharpness of the transition from one picture to another at the key s edge high gain yields a sharp edge and low gain yields a soft edge that mixes the fill and background video In addition the keyers include an S shaping function that prevents the transition at the key edge from becoming too sharp and creating what appears to be a band or line around the key...

Page 120: ... a character generator or graphics system have soft edges that produce a mix between the fill and the background at the key edge A linear key preserves this edge as well as DPM soft edges drop shadows etc Preset Pattern Key A preset pattern key or preset wipe is a key in which the shape of a wipe pattern cuts the hole in the background video The fill video is selected on the Key bus and the Wipe p...

Page 121: ...background video by the same key signal An example of shaped video is the fill video output of a character generator which consists of characters on a black matte Unshaped Video Previously shaped fill or composited video that has been unshaped by an unshaping processor which divides the video by the key signal The Model 2200 3000 and 4000 switchers as well as some Digital Picture Manipulators DPMs...

Page 122: ...dentify the type of video in the Configuration menu that is if you select shaped when you should select unshaped or vice versa your keys will have dark or light halos at the edges Output Shaped and Unshaped Video In addition to the input shaped unshaped selections there are output selections that allow you to set the switcher output for either shaped or unshaped fill video Shaped video is the pref...

Page 123: ...uper Black level This enables a recorded video signal which includes black to be keyed into a scene without using a separate key signal A typical use of Super Black is when a prerecorded element such as a flying logo is to be keyed in at the opening of a show The flying logo is keyed over super black and recorded on tape The VTR must be adjusted to record the super black level and to reproduce it ...

Page 124: ...the reporter foreground fill everywhere else This creates the illusion that the reporter is standing in front of the weather map A convenient feature of the chroma keyer is automatic setup This feature sets up the key for you when you identify the background color that you want to replace You simply position a cursor over the color using the joystick and press the AUTO SETUP button in the Chroma K...

Page 125: ...color and its variations that splash onto foreground objects as sometimes happens when the foreground object is placed near the background The detected foreground splash color is replaced with a neutral color and luminance value that restores the natural color of the foreground object Both background and foreground suppression include menu controls for selecting the hue to be replaced and for adju...

Page 126: ...reshold are replaced by clean black pixels During keying the black eliminates any noise surrounding the fill video that might otherwise add to the background causing noisy key edges A menu selection enables or disables the coring function and allows adjustment of the coring level to ensure that video is fully removed in the key area ...

Page 127: ...ur keyers are available Key 1 Key 2 Background B and Background A Operations in layered mode can affect any selected layer or combination of layers Priority of the layers is as follows Background B and Background A have fixed priorities Background B has the least priority bottom layer and Background A has the next to least priority next to bottom layer The priorities of Key 1 and Key 2 the top two...

Page 128: ...en registers E MEM register contents can be saved to disk using the floppy disk drive and Disk menus Effects and Keyframes An E MEM effect is whatever is stored in an E MEM register Switchers can store more than one switcher state a keyframe on each enabled level of a single E MEM register and can transition or run between keyframes Thus a keyframe effect is a sequence of keyframes stored in a sin...

Page 129: ...ons Each E MEM level can be independently enabled and or delegated depending upon a menu selection ENABLES DELEGATES in the Timeline Menu On a Model 3000 all E MEM register operations Learn Recall Put Get and Run apply to any enabled level regardless of whether the level is delegated When an E MEM or keyframe effect is recalled and or run each enabled level contributes to the overall appearance of...

Page 130: ...lighted This feature allows you to edit a delegated timeline while viewing its relationship to enabled timelines not being edited In DELEGATES mode pressing the Enable button of a level or channel that is not enabled toggles it to an enabled and delegated status This does not change the status of any other enabled levels or channels Subsequent presses of that enabled button toggles the delegation ...

Page 131: ...yframes in an E MEM register is called a keyframe effect Effects animation can be accomplished by building and running keyframe effects The effects editing portion of the E MEM Subpanel in conjunction with the Timeline Menu allows you to create store and modify keyframe effects Once stored in E MEM memory an effect can be recalled and caused to transition run between keyframes either manually or a...

Page 132: ...orking Buffer tracks the interpolated values between keyframes Timeline A graphical representation in the Timeline Menu of the keyframes and keyframe durations present on a given enabled level in the selected E MEM register Each enabled level has its own timeline Master Timeline The top timeline in the Timeline Menu which is a composite of the timelines of all enabled levels All time positions of ...

Page 133: ...ented as a keyframe on the Master Timeline All editing rules are based on the Master Timeline All editing operations are performed on the delegated E MEM levels Keyframes of delegated levels can be cut copied and pasted with GET and PUT commands using an area of memory called the Clipboard The data for each level is stored independently in the Clipboard buffer Refer to Appendix B Keyframe Facts fo...

Page 134: ...are associated with the front and back sides This allows you to fly for example a Krystal channel in space any way you choose and change source selection on the fly without getting confused The sources stay with the side of the picture they are assigned to After the picture has been transformed a lot and source selection switched changed or synchronized several times it is very hard to tell which ...

Page 135: ...ng away too and the back of the bill is visible This is the difference between front back and near far front and back may be pointing in any direction but the near side is always the side that is visible and the far side is the side that is no visible When the DPM or switcher is initialized the Front side of the video is what is visible The currently visible side is the Near Side If the video is r...

Page 136: ...itcher s mixers via the aux buses The Effects Send advantage allows you to transform a switcher key effect such as a chroma key or a preset pattern as though the DPM circuitry were built into the middle of the switcher The transformed key can be layered over a switcher background and additional keys can be layered on top of the transformed key Up to four channels can be used to route the video and...

Page 137: ...wo field mask store is also provided on the Model 3000 Aux bus pair 4A 4B supplies the inputs to the frame store video and key channels The clipped mask bus Model 3000 is the input for the mask channel Video and key can be frozen either separately or simultaneously through the use of panel controls The system also has the ability to layer stills in a recursive manner The system accomplishes this b...

Page 138: ...ue Rotate Crop Blur The video key and mask outputs from the frame store are routed to the switcher crosspoint matrix and may be used as primary switcher inputs The mask channel output may also be used as a source for the mask generators The frame store outputs video and key are provided to output modules for use by external devices The Model 3000 has a mask frame store output When shadow mode is s...

Page 139: ...opics are included in this section Transitions Mix Effects Bus Operations on page 4 6 Wipe Operations on page 4 11 Luminance and Linear Keying Operations on page 4 24 Preset Pattern Keying Operations on page 4 29 Layered Mode Operations on page 4 32 Chroma Keying Operations on page 4 33 E MEM Effects Memory Operations on page 4 43 Keyframe Operations on page 4 54 Effects Send Operations Option on ...

Page 140: ... 1 and Source 2 ACharacter Generator set up with three lines of text available with a key signal This will be referred to as the Title 1 A Digital Video effects source such as Kaleidoscope Krystal or DPM 700 with key to be referred to as DPM Set up with a box with soft white borders and positioned in the top right of the screen Two video monitors 1 for Program on air and 1 for Preview The preview ...

Page 141: ...4 3 Starting Conditions Figure 4 1 Source 1 Figure 4 2 Source 2 ...

Page 142: ...llowing clear functions are available 1 First recall the GVG defaults to the Clear Working Buffer Select top menu Config User preferences Define default GVG defaults and Do save 2 Second enable all areas of the switcher to be cleared by selecting them in the E MEM Subpanel or press ENABL ALL to select all areas of the switcher 3 To clear the Current Working Buffer except Keyers Single press of the...

Page 143: ...lears only the key memory portion of the Current Working Buffer for switcher key crosspoints held down Clears any split keys for that key crosspoint part of Key Memory NOTE Enabled level selection is ignored during this operation 6 To clear a key memory for a key crosspoint and restore the held crosspoint level to the CWB state Hold a key bus crosspoint double press the CLEAR WORK BUFR button NOTE...

Page 144: ...he Look Ahead Preview option Background Cut A cut is an instantaneous switch from one picture to another To cut between M E 1 bus A Program and bus B Preset Background bus sources do the following 1 Select M E 1 on the E MEM Subpanel Press CWB twice 2 Select Source 1 on the A bus background crosspoint row Source 1 s video should now be seen on the PGM monitor 3 Select Source 2 on the B bus backgro...

Page 145: ...nsition button The B bus scene will immediately switch on air and the A and B crosspoint selections will flip flop swap See Figure 4 3 6 You can also do a hot cut without Preview at any time by simply selecting a new PGM bus crosspoint This does not allow for the previewing of the source prior to the cut taking place KEY PRIOR KEY 2 KEY 1 BKGD A PST BLK WIPE MIX AUTO TRAN CUT TRANSITION EFF SEND E...

Page 146: ...4 8 Section 4 Switcher Operations Figure 4 3 Background Cut Starting On Air Picture Ending On Air Picture ...

Page 147: ...his keeps the A Bus as the on air output allowing all new background source selections to be made on the B Bus NOTE The B Bus will high tally as soon as you start the transition This is because the B Bus crosspoint now contributes to the switcher PGM output In fact all crosspoints on the panel that contribute to PGM output will high tally b As an alternative to using the lever arm press M E 1 AUTO...

Page 148: ...4 10 Section 4 Switcher Operations Starting Video Midway Transition Ending Video Figure 4 4 Background Mix Dissolve Transition ...

Page 149: ...elects the wipe mode as the next transition and delegates the wipe pattern selector to M E 1 s primary wipe 5 Select any pattern button in the Pattern section If you want to select a menu pattern double press the MENU button in the Pattern section and select a pattern from the display menu that appears with the soft knob 6 To do a wipe transition with the selected pattern move the lever arm betwee...

Page 150: ...ransition To pause an auto transition in progress press AUTO TRANS again To resume the transition press it a third time You can also start an auto transition and finish with the lever arm or vice versa 8 Experiment with different wipe parameters to create different pattern effects Figure 4 5 Pattern Mix Transition Example 1 ...

Page 151: ...on the new video is in white REVERSE the opposite of NORMAL FLIP FLOP cycles between NORMAL and REVERSE wipes If NORMAL button is lit the next transition will be Normal or vice versa Edge Width Select BORDER and adjust WIDTH Border Color Adjust BRIGHTNESS SATURATION and HUE controls on the M E 1 Matte Subpanel and WIDTH and OPACITY on the Wipe Subpanel Edge Softness Select SOFT and adjust SOFTNESS...

Page 152: ...cks the rotation movement to the lever arm ROTATE Knob sets amount of rotation Aspect Stretch the Wipe Pattern either horizontally or vertically Pattern Modifiers Use SPLIT to split the pattern into two opposing directions SPLIT simultaneously performs a NORMAL and REVERSE wipe Use the Horizontal and Vertical Multipliers to create up to seven vertical and or eight horizontal patterns Press and hol...

Page 153: ...generator on the Wipe Pattern Menu Optional GVG Default Use the PTN MIX SOURCE button to select NORMAL Selects a mix between the primary and secondary wipe generators 3 Select circle pattern number 3 Select M E 1 SEC and choose box pattern number 23 4 Press the M E 1 Transition Wipe button 5 Move the Run lever between stops and verify the circle wipe transitions 6 Position the lever arm in the mid...

Page 154: ...o recall a stored user wipe simply press the appropriate User button The wipe system will immediately recall the wipe setup previously stored in that User register Recalls one pattern at a time NOTE If you press a User Wipe button that hasn t been learned that button won t light In that case the current wipe settings remain in effect 3 If you learn a wipe into a User Wipe button or do a User Wipe ...

Page 155: ...ations Figure 4 6 Pattern Mix Transition Example 2 The effect shown in Figure 4 6 was created as follows Primary Wipe Generator creates the circle wipe Secondary Wipe Generator is used to create a random matrix wipe ...

Page 156: ... 4 7 Pattern Mix Complex The effect shown in Figure 4 7 was created as follows Primary Wipe Geneator creates a rectangle wipe Secondary Wipe Generator creates a vertical wipe The Primary mixes with the Secondary The Secondary mixes to texture ...

Page 157: ...tus on the Transition Subpanel The transition to black takes precedence over the entire output of the M E Therefore everything will go to black regardless of panel delegation When black is reached it is automatically selected on the A Bus regardless of which crosspoint button it is mapped to If it is not mapped all buttons will be unlit To transition from black 1 Make a transition using cut mix or...

Page 158: ...nsition rate for by pressing M E 1 ME 2 PGM PST or DSK You can change all at once by pressing ENABL ALL 3 The display queries RATE 4 Use the E MEM numeric keypad to enter the number of television frames for the transition rate Enter a rate from 0 through 999 5 Press ENTER to complete the rate entry If 3 numbers are used the completion is automatic If less than 3 numbers are entered complete the en...

Page 159: ... a rate from 0 999 The display queries KEY 2 RATE 8 Use the E MEM numeric keypad to enter the number of television frames for the KEY 2 transition rate Enter a rate from 0 999 9 To display the current Key Rates select KEY 1 KEY 2 DSK 1 DSK 2 on the Transition Subpanel then press SHOW KEY on the Keyer DSK Keyer 10 If you decide not to learn a transition you can cancel it by pressing the transition ...

Page 160: ...ons Use the Background and Matte Generator controls to create a number of interesting mattes to serve as effects backgrounds or fills The following topics are covered in this subsection Matte selection User Defined Wash Matte and Texture Menus Super Black Secondary Wipe Wash ...

Page 161: ...he Program monitor and adjust Matte BRIGHTNESS to set the brightness luminance of the matte You may want to set a midrange brightness to begin with and fine tune the brightness later 4 Adjust Matte SATURATION to set the saturation level of the matte 5 Adjust HUE to set the matte color that you want Super Black Super Black may be selected for Background Generators 1 and 2 in the Matte Menu Super Bl...

Page 162: ...the adjustments last used with that crosspoint 3 Press AUTO SELECT KEY on the M E 1 Keyers Subpanel to create a key using both the fill and the external key source assigned to the crosspoint1 Selecting VIDEO KEY produces a self key using the fill video assigned to the crosspoint to both key from and fill with 4 Select LUM KEY or LIN linear KEY Note that LUM KEY is often used for video self keys an...

Page 163: ...ragged reduce GAIN to soften up the edge 6 If you want to split the key select a hole cutting source different from the one assigned to the selected fill crosspoint you can do the following Select the fill video from the key bus hold down the VIDEO KEY or the AUTO SELECT KEY button and select a Key bus source crosspoint to be used as the hole cutter 7 The split source crosspoint lights when you se...

Page 164: ...Subpanel Select the source by delegating it to the Mask Bus on the PVW AUX Bus Delegate row of buttons 13 Use TOP GAIN and BOTTOM CLIP active when the MASK BUS button on the Masks Subpanel is selected knobs on the Masks Subpanel to adjust the mask source as you would adjust a key source 14 The following adjustments are made on the Keyer Subpanel To put a border on the key select a Borderline optio...

Page 165: ...n you are finally done adjusting the key transition the key on air as explained next in the Key Transition on page 4 28 Figure 4 8 Pattern Mix Border Using Primary Secondary Wipe Generators The effect shown in Figure 4 8 was created as follows Primary Wipe Generator creates a rectangular wipe Secondary Wipe Generator creates a verical wipe to add perspective Finally a Pattern Mix is performed betw...

Page 166: ...For an effects key cut press Transition CUT b For an effects key mix select MIX and move the lever arm from limit to limit or press AUTO TRANS c For a wipe select Transition WIPE and select and adjust the pattern as described earlier for background wipes Then move the lever arm or press AUTO TRANS d For a DSK cut press DSK CUT e For a DSK mix press DSK MIX f When a key is on air the KEY ON indicat...

Page 167: ...anel select the pattern buttons in the pattern section If you want to select a pattern from the menu press the Menu button twice and select a pattern from the Wipe Pattern Menu 4 Select the PATTERN MIX button in the Pattern section and adjust the pattern Size Adjust the size of the pattern Edge Width Select BORDER and adjust WIDTH Edge Softness Select SOFT and adjust SOFTNESS Edge Color Select PRI...

Page 168: ...4 30 Section 4 Switcher Operations 5 To adjust the opacity of the key layer adjust KEY OPACITY in the Keyer Menu 6 Transition the key on air as explained previously Figure 4 9 Preset Pattern Key 1 ...

Page 169: ...Preset Pattern Keying Operations Figure 4 10 Preset Pattern Key 2 The effect shown in Figure 4 10 was created as follows Preset Patttern Key over background with dropshadows added using the Pattern Generator ...

Page 170: ...red These adjustments can help control excessive video levels that may occur in this mode NOTE To keep levels to acceptable limits set the matte generator chroma limiting MATTE GEN LIM to BOTH in the Configuration System Parameters Menu 5 Verify Layered mode operation When this mode is active the A and B buses can perform simple keys That is they can do linear luminance video and external keys The...

Page 171: ...ed chroma key scene the high quality chroma keyer used in the switcher can produce a clean and natural looking key with smooth edges and realistic shadows even when the chroma key scene contains smoke glass or liquids Creating a chroma key is especially easy with the Chroma Key Auto Setup feature This feature automatically sets up the key when you identify the background color In addition the Chro...

Page 172: ...tural looking key Lighting on the background should be as flat as possible The background itself should be a highly saturated color Attempting to key off of pastel colors produces an unacceptable key Minimize background reflections onto the foreground subject as much as possible Distance from the background and a backlight can be a big help If obvious improvements can be made easily make changes t...

Page 173: ...f the Keyer controls affect the image in subtle unexpected ways and many adjustments can easily be overdone The following steps prepare the switcher so that you can setup a key NOTE Chroma Keyer setup can be made easier if waveform and vector monitors are available 1 Monitor the key you wish to setup on the switcher s Program or Preview output Only the Preview Bus allows you to look at the key sig...

Page 174: ... necessary to make all adjustments slowly to stay under the acceleration threshold Failure to do so can make your Chroma Keyer setup difficult Auto Setup An automatic setup mechanism is available to rough in the Chroma Key In some cases with well designed chroma key studio sets the auto setup produces a usable key with no further adjustments However additional manual adjustments made after the aut...

Page 175: ...KGD SUPR to on set the LUMA suppression to minimum and CHROMA suppression about mid way Set SELECTIVITY to maximum a In the CHR KEY menu set FOREGROUND VIDEO and BACKGROUND VIDEO to on and FOREGROUND CORING to FIXED b In the CHR KEY SECONDARY COLOR menu set SEC COLOR SUPPRESS to OFF c In the CHR KEY CK HUE MODIFIERS menu set SEP HUE SUPPRESS FLARE SUPPRESS and FGD NOISE SUPPRESS to OFF d In the CH...

Page 176: ... natural if the gain is kept low Going further than necessary hardens the key edge but may be unavoidable under certain conditions For this adjustment it is better to look at the SHOW KEY signal than the M E output since the Chroma Keyer background suppression has not yet been set An alternative procedure is to switch to MATTE FILL adjust to white and select black as the background source 5 Adjust...

Page 177: ... some blue fringing for example hair or glass Observing the SHOW KEY display may help this with adjustment 5 Optimize CHROMA background suppression to eliminate the color of the background Too much suppression results in the background taking on its complementary color If a vector monitor is available the correct adjustment places the background dot in the center of the display The initial adjustm...

Page 178: ...KEY KEY ADJUST menu and set the LUMA background suppression on the panel to minimum The LUMA suppression reduces the processed foreground signal toward black in areas of the key and has little visible effect with FGD RESHAPE set to on except at the key edges The appropriate setting depends on relative foreground and background brightness at the edges In this mode the foreground signal is processed...

Page 179: ...cates the offset Note that Auto Setup does this for you b Set SEC COLOR SUPPRESS SELECTIVITY to mid range and SEC CHROMA SUPPRESS LEVEL to maximum This makes the affected region more visible and is probably not the final setting c Adjust SEC COLOR SUPPRESS ANGLE to maximize the effect on the targeted area Ignore all other areas of the image when making this adjustment d Reduce SEC CHROMA SUPPRESS ...

Page 180: ...djusting Shadows To enhance the shadows in the Keyer panel press the SHDW ON button and adjust the shadow OPACITY to maximum In the Chroma Key menu adjust SHADOW GAIN for the desired contrast then adjust the OPACITY and SHDW ON to a lower setting Note that SHADOW CLIP has no effect You see some interaction with the Keyer GAIN which affects background opacity If FGD RESHAPE is off the LUMA backgrou...

Page 181: ...ata saved in E MEM registers can be recalled at a later time The setups may also be saved and recalled from floppy disk refer to Floppy Disk Drive Operations on page 4 77 The memory containing stored setups is protected against power outages so if switcher power is lost E MEM register data will remain intact The following E MEM topics are discussed Normal or 300 Style Learn or Recall Mode Version ...

Page 182: ...nt discusses the Normal mode operation first then the Model 300 Style mode NOTE If you have a 2 M E Switcher your system operates only in Normal mode Normal Mode In Normal mode on a 2 M E Switcher when you do a Learn or Recall individual M Es are simply levels in the Master E MEM register In Normal mode on a 3 M E Switcher when you do a Learn or Recall the Master E MEM forces all individual enable...

Page 183: ... Master E MEM register Auto Run Auto Run ON Operation does two things Enables the Auto Run function Turns on Independent Timeline runs Auto Run OFF Operation does two things Disables the Auto Run function Turns on Master Timeline runs NOTE In a later Switcher software release Independent and Master Timeline runs will be controlled by a menu selection Effects Dissolve Effects Dissolve ON Switcher l...

Page 184: ...l the learned enables The Switcher recalls only what is currently enabled on the Control Panel Auto Run Auto Run ON After the effect is recalled it runs if the effect has multiple keyframes stored Auto Run OFF After the effect is recalled it waits at the first keyframe Effects Dissolve Effects Dissolve ON or ON when Learned Switcher applies a dissolve from the Switcher s current state or register ...

Page 185: ... in the previous Normal mode text is identical in the 300 Style mode Therefore that text is not repeated here Operational Defaults in Either Mode If Auto Run is ON when the register is Recalled the keyframe effect runs IfAuto Run is OFF when the register is Recalled the keyframe effect does not run when Recalled If Auto Recall is ON when the register is Learned and ON when the register is Recalled...

Page 186: ...ations Enabling E MEM Register Levels The E MEM Enable buttons are used to set up switcher functions which may then be learned or recalled from an E MEM register Each register is partitioned into sections or levels based on the state of the Enable buttons If AUTO RCL Auto Recall is on while an effect is learned the state of the Enable buttons is learned as part of the effect Turn AUTO RCL off to n...

Page 187: ... to be learned as part of the effect 2 Press E MEM Subpanel Enables buttons M E 1 and PGM PST buttons light You should have an effect set up on M E 1 You may want to have sources selected on the M E 1 A and B buses one source selected on the PGM bus and M E 1 selected on the PST bus 3 Press LRN BANK 2 3 to learn this current switcher panel setup and crosspoints into register number 23 Recall Enabl...

Page 188: ...all After the learn the LEARN button lamp turns off SHORTCUT LEARN dot automatically puts the effect into the next empty register Recalling an Effect 1 Turn off the LEARN button if it is lit 2 Select BANK and 0 through 9 This step is optional if the bank that you want is already selected 3 Select the register pushbutton 0 9 containing the previously stored panel setup The panel setup stored in the...

Page 189: ...egister so that recalling that register will initiate a dissolve to another specified register or may be added to a register by lighting the EFF DIS button before selecting a register Note that only the levels that are enabled on the Enables buttons subpanel area will be learned as effects dissolves 1 Press LRN 2 Press EFF DIS 3 Press TRAN RATE The query RATE displays 4 Enter a rate from 0 999 If ...

Page 190: ...hen 3 register 23 4 Enter a 30 frame 1 second pause after the register executes press TRAN RATE for transition rate and 30 followed by ENTER 5 Repeat Steps 3 and 4 for registers 24 27 After each register number you may learn a different transition rate by entering a new transition rate as in Step 4 above 6 Force an end to the sequence by turning off LRN OR 7 To create a looping sequence select reg...

Page 191: ...ton revokes the most recent E MEM operation To undo an accidental recall press UNDO immediately after the recall The panel setup prior to the recall will be restored You can switch back to the recalled setup again by pressing UNDO a second time Repeated toggling between the two effects is possible To undo a learn press UNDO immediately after the learn The previous contents of the affected register...

Page 192: ...keyframes in an E MEM effect The Advanced Editing section describes making changes to keyframes keyframe timeline manipulations keyframe motion and path types and making changes to entire effects Setup Clear the switcher see Clearing the Switcher on page 4 4 Select enable buttons M E 1 and PGM PST on the E MEM Subpanel Basic Editing This procedure will use wipes to demonstrate how keyframe editing...

Page 193: ...ress LRN BANK REGISTER This inserts the first keyframe into the register 5 Move the wipe Press INSRT AFTER on the Effects Editing Keypad This inserts the second keyframe into the register 6 Press REWIND and run the effect with the RUN button or the E MEM Subpanel Lever Arm Other Effect Run Options Using REWIND AUTO RUN REV 1 Press AUTO RUN With AUTO RUN on the effect automatically rewinds and then...

Page 194: ...ng timelines Make changes to the keyframe MOD absolute or relative single or multiple keyframes Keyframe Timelines Constant Duration Mode Manipulating Entire Effects Insert A Keyframe when on a keyframe Pressing Enable buttons such as M E 1 M E 2 etc on the E MEM panel delegates individual register levels so that changes can be made to those levels While effect editing you would normally enable al...

Page 195: ...a keyframe on the path means that you are placing a new keyframe somewhere on the timeline between two keyframes The new keyframe is placed at the current time cursor position The duration of the new keyframe is the difference between the insertion point and the next keyframe position The previous keyframe duration is decreased by the same amount The overall effect duration is not changed NOTE You...

Page 196: ... versions If the Master Timeline cursor was on a keyframe an Insert operation Insert Before or Insert After used the on a keyframe rule that is a new keyframe was added before or after the current keyframe on each delegated level and that added keyframe lengthened the overall duration of those timelines If the Master Timeline cursor was not on a keyframe the Insert operation used the on the path r...

Page 197: ...corresponding Insert Paste and Mod operations Changing An Existing Keyframe Pressing the MOD button once enters any changes that have been made on any delegated level on a single keyframe Adouble press of MOD will make the same changes on all keyframes in the effect If you want to make a global change to all keyframes on one level in an effect use MOD ALL ABSOLUTE a selection in the Keyframe Menu ...

Page 198: ...c has its own timeline and its own Time Cursor AMaster Timeline is displayed as the top timeline in the menu If there is only one keyframe in the effect the single keyframe and the Master Timeline are one and the same The Master Timeline is a composite of the timelines of all enabled levels All effect time positions are referenced to the Master Timeline The Master Timeline has its own Time Cursor ...

Page 199: ...the LED readout would indicate 002 15 1 Setting and Adjusting Start Times Timelines can be moved in relationship with each other by changing the start time of one timeline 1 Recall a multiple level effect using M E 1 and M E 2 2 Select Delegates Mode on the Keyframe Menu 3 Undelegate M E 1 by pressing its level enable button 4 Note that the M E 1 button goes to low tally and its level indicator on...

Page 200: ...b is active only when the display is not full size that is the entire timeline doesn t fit on the display When the display is expanded zoomed the first soft button is labeled either FULL SIZE or LAST PAN ZOOM which toggles the timeline screen between a full sized display in which all times within the timeline are visible and the last user selected pan and zoom setting During effect runs or effect ...

Page 201: ...Fs again 7 Press LAST PAN ZOOM to again view KFs 4 6 8 Adjust ZOOM back to the 1 0x setting Cut Copy and Paste Keyframes You can change the position of keyframes with the Cut Copy and Paste functions The current keyframe can be copied and removed from an effect by pressing CUT With previous versions of software a cut could be performed on all delegated timelines in the effect if the Run Cursor on ...

Page 202: ...ration is performed as an INSRT AFTER As keyframes are added or deleted from an effect the total effect time duration changes That is adding adds time to the effect and deleting subtracts time from the effect To practice these three functions 1 Recall an effect with 4 keyframes 2 Press GO TO KF 1 ENTER Press COPY 3 Press GO TO KF 4 ENTER Press PASTE Note that there are now a total of 5 keyframes i...

Page 203: ...gister ENTER Or GET dot Puts the current effect into the next available empty register Constant Duration Mode Constant Duration editing changes the way keyframes are inserted and deleted In Constant Duration mode adding or deleting keyframes does not change the total effect duration It does modify the preceding keyframe duration to keep the total effect duration the same NOTE The total effect leng...

Page 204: ...that changes between one keyframe and the next This provides constant motion with no acceleration or deceleration The S LINEAR path type involves accelerating and decelerating the parameters The change to each parameter begins from a complete stop at the starting keyframe slowly leaves that keyframe moves faster through the midrange of the keyframe duration then decelerates as it approaches the de...

Page 205: ...and Vertical The Wipe or Framestore image may be either a video or key signal In either case it may be cropped masked in either Video Store Crop Menu or Key Store Crop Menu Variable parameters can do all four types of interpolation selectors can do only Holds For each keyframe all parameters use the same path type to the extent that they can Using Path Types Procedures Hold Linear S Linear Curve 1...

Page 206: ...ts Send Looping Mode and Non Looping Mode Both methods are described and demonstrated below Refer to your Operator s Reference Section 2 Preview Aux Bus Source Select and Delegate Subpanel for more information NOTE The A and B Keyers BKGD A and BKGD B buttons selected on the Keyer Subpanel are only available for Effects Send when the M E is in Layered Mode Setup Clear the switcher see Clearing the...

Page 207: ... External Interface DPM Setup Menu DPM 1 Type None Port Assign None Channel Routing Off Set Video Delay to 2 fields Control Delay to 6 fields On the DPM Map Aux Buses Menu Set DPM 1 for 1 channel and Aux Bus 1 On the DPM Map Inputs Menu Set DPM 1 Channel 1 Video input 5 Key input 6 On the Config Aux Bus Format Menu 2200 4000 N A Aux 1 4 b are key only 3000 Set Aux Bus 1b for Key On the Config Inpu...

Page 208: ...the crosspoint selected on M E 1 Key 1 Effects Send Non Looping Mode Non Looping mode takes the output of an M E crosspoint and sends it to an external DPM The DPM output may then be used as an input to the switcher and may be selected on any bus on the control panel 1 Access the Aux Menu a Use the PHYS AUX SELECT button to select Aux 1 b Press the EFX LOOP MODE button and to select NO LOOP 2 Sele...

Page 209: ...p and Repositioning Setup Clear the switcher See Clearing the Switcher on page 4 4 Map video and key store inputs to Aux Bus No 4 Map video store to crosspoint 2 video and map key store to crosspoint 2 key Optional map key store to the video input of crosspoint 3 in order to view the key store Output Routing Video and key outputs from the frame store are routed to the switcher crosspoint matrix an...

Page 210: ... store to the input of an M E for combination with another image A composite is generated that can be fed back to the input of the frame store and re frozen Building A Recursive Effect 1 Set up an effect on an M E 2 Select the M E on Aux Bus 4 3 Turn FRZ freeze on 4 Select the crosspoint on the M E 5 Select new key source and press GRAB 6 Repeat the previous step with new sources Hint Experiment w...

Page 211: ...s follows Freeze Grab Field Modes Mask When VIDEO 1 and KEY 1 are delegated simultaneously the key channel settings are automatically aligned with the video channel settings Mask Store Use the mask store output as a source for the mask generators It may also be routed to the switcher crosspoint matrix for use as a primary switcher input and to an output module for use by external devices It can al...

Page 212: ...ttons determine which field will be displayed Either field may be selected or both may be selected at the same time When unfrozen the Field buttons have no effect A full frame is always frozen regardless of the state of these buttons This method of storage allows the operator to decide between fields and frames after the image is frozen 2 Field 4 Field A two field sequence is the normal default im...

Page 213: ... Dropshadow mode is functional with only primary video inputs that have an associated linear key signal or an M E in layered mode Clip and gain adjustments are not available Dropshadow mode does not reduce the bandwidth of the key channel If you use a source that does not have an associated key signal the Dropshadow Mode produces a full raster key signal 4x3 aspect ratio Drop Shadow is added to th...

Page 214: ... Color Use Pseudo Color to generate special video effects such as color negative shaped unshaped video and posterize solarize for contour effects These are bit mapping effects Filter Use Filter effects to blur video with controls for luminance chrominance and symmetry You can also rotate the hue of the video Crop Use Crop to enable frame store crop controls to crop an image from any edge Frame Sto...

Page 215: ...e main menu DISK button to bring up the main Disk menu NOTE It will take a few seconds before the Disk menus display The disk system does a self test during that period 2 Insert a diskette into the disk drive in the upper control panel of the switcher Make sure the write protect on the diskette is off 3 From the Disk menu press UTILS to invoke the Disk Utilities Menu Do not press CHILD DIRECTORY a...

Page 216: ... a Yes when the Confirm Create Dir Menu displays 4 Repeat Step 3 this time naming a new directory called Config Store and Name An E MEM File In this section you will store and name the contents of E MEM register 23 in the E MEM subdirectory Make sure E MEM register 23 has something store in it 1 From the Disk Menu use the FILE SELECT soft knob to highlight the E MEM subdirectory Note this is where...

Page 217: ...ig subdirectory 1 From the Disk Menu use the FILE SELECT soft knob to highlight the Config subdirectory Note For this example scenario this is where you want to place all your configuration setup files 2 Invoke the Save File Menu Disk Save_File a Use the SAVE SELECT soft knob to select CONFIG You can select any combination of the six switcher parameters listed at the bottom of the menu to SAVE or ...

Page 218: ...ss the CHILD DIRECTORY button to cause the switcher to read the diskette and list the parent directory 3 Highlight the E MEM subdirectory and press CHILD DIRECTORY again to display the E MEM subdirectory and list its files 4 Use the FILE SELECT soft knob to highlight file Effects1 5 Press the LOAD FILE button The Load File Menu displays 6 Select LOAD for M E 1 and PGM PST DSK CAUTION Be careful wi...

Page 219: ...e and list the parent directory 3 Press CHILD DIRECTORY again to display the Config subdirectory and list its files 4 Use the FILE SELECT soft knob to highlight file Config1 5 Press the LOAD FILE button The Load File Menu displays 6 You can select any combination of the six switcher parameters listed at the bottom of the menu to LOAD or NO LOAD To include all switcher configuration data select LOA...

Page 220: ...rectory in alphabetical order Deleting Files and Directories You can delete a single file or a group of files You can delete a directory or a directory and its entire contents including all subdirectories and files within that directory Deleting Files 1 Highlight the desired directory in the Disk Menu Make sure you have VIEW BY NAME or VIEW BY EXT selected Press LIST DIRECTORY 2 Highlight the file...

Page 221: ...ght the desired directory in the Disk Menu 2 Press DELETE FILE CAUTION You are allowed to delete all existing files and subdirectories within a directory you choose to delete A Delete Menu dialog box will notify you of this before you perform the delete 3 On the Delete Menu press either DO DELETE or CANCEL Note the dialog box indicating the directory name to be deleted The floppy disk system re re...

Page 222: ...4 84 Section 4 Switcher Operations ...

Page 223: ...nd what you need to do so your equipment will handle them properly What are Shaped and Unshaped Video Shaping and unshaping are generally involved only in keying and compositing situations Whenever a key is performed there are always three signals the key source the key fill fill video and the background video The key signal cuts a hole in the background into which the fill video is inserted Devic...

Page 224: ...Any full raster full screen video that has not previously been processed by a key signal This is also sometimes loosely defined as Unshaped Video Video sources from devices such as cameras are usually full raster video and thus are non shaped These sources are not usually accompanied by key signals Input Shaped and Unshaped Video Video coming into a switcher may or may not already be shaped depend...

Page 225: ...gure A 1 The Map Inputs Menu UNSHAPED VIDEO This is the setting that should be selected for all Non Shaped full raster video inputs and for Unshaped fill video inputs from character generators and DPMs SHAPED VIDEO This is the setting that should be selected only for fill video from character generators and DPMs that generate or are set to generate Shaped video outputs MAP INPUTS MENU SHAPED VIDEO...

Page 226: ...y and improperly to accept shaped or unshaped fill video In these examples the video fill comes from a DPM that provides both a key signal and a fill video signal Figure A 2 shows the key signal from the DPM and Figure A 3 shows the Shaped fill video from the DPM when it is set for a Shaped output Unshaped fill video from the DPM when it is set for an Unshaped output is shown in Figure A 4 Note th...

Page 227: ...Examples of Operation With Shaped and Unshaped Fill Video A 5 Figure A 3 Appearance of Shaped Video From DPM Figure A 4 Appearance of Unshaped Video From DPM ...

Page 228: ...ese cases Correct Operation With Shaped Fill Video Figure A 5 shows what happens when the DPM is set for a shaped video output and SHAPED is selected in the Map Inputs menu of the switcher In this case no shaping of the input fill video takes place and the video is added directly with the Background signal with key hole producing the desired composite image Figure A 5 Correct Shaped Keying Operati...

Page 229: ...haped and Unshaped Fill Video A 7 Figure A 6 shows what the video looks like on the monitor when the SHAPED UNSHAPED selection is made correctly in the menu Figure A 6 Appearance of Video When Input Configuration is Set Correctly ...

Page 230: ...ll video properly to fit the key hole that is cut into the Background to produce the desired composite image Figure A 6 NOTE This process also applies to non shaped video Therefore UNSHAPED should always be selected for a normal key Figure A 7 Correct Unshaped Keying Operation x x Invert Background Keyhole in Background Key Foreground Key Fill UNSHAPED selected in Map Inputs Menu turns ON Shaping ...

Page 231: ...ill Video Figure A 8 shows what happens when the DPM is providing a shaped video output but UNSHAPED is selected in the Map Inputs menu The UNSHAPED selection turns on the input Shaping circuit causing the Shaped input signal to be shaped again sometimes called a double multiply The re shaped video does not completely fill the key hole in the Background so a dark halo appears around the key Figure...

Page 232: ...o A 10 Figure A 9 shows what the video looks like on the monitor when the input fill video is shaped but UNSHAPED is selected in the Map Inputs menu Figure A 9 Incorrect Video With Shaped Input and UNSHAPED Selected Note dark halo effect ...

Page 233: ...haping circuit so the Unshaped input signal is added directly to the Background signal with key hole This causes excessive luminance where the fill video and key hole edges overlap producing a white halo around the key Figure A 10 Incorrect Operation with Unshaped Input x Invert Background Keyhole in Background Key Foreground Key Fill Unshaped Unshaped Video Background plus Foreground White Halo A...

Page 234: ...A 12 Figure A 11 shows what the video looks like on the monitor when the input fill video is unshaped but SHAPED is selected in the Map Inputs menu Figure A 11 Incorrect Video With Unshaped Input and SHAPED Selected Note white halo effect ...

Page 235: ...her s main menu panel then the OUTPUTS soft button in the Configuration menu to bring up the Outputs menu shown in Figure A 12 2 Set the VIDEO KEY FMT selections for Program Out and Aux Buses 1 through 4 to match the characteristic SHAPED or UNSHAPED expected by the external devices connected to those outputs These settings control the states of the unshapers on the PGM and Aux Bus outputs NOTE Si...

Page 236: ...g outputs CHROMA CLIP 105 LUM CLIP 105 IRE ON COMPOSITE CLIP 138 IRE SHAPED PGM M E 1 PGM M E 2 PGM M E 3 PGM AUX BUS 1 AUX BUS 2 AUX BUS 3 AUX BUS 4 AUX BUS 5 AUX BUS 6 AUX BUS 7 FRAMESTORE ON ON OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF SHAPED SHAPED SHAPED UNSHAPED BLACK CLIP 20 IRE ON OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF UNSHAPED OFF OFF OFF PGM OFF ON SHAPED OFF SUPER BLACK OUTPUT SELECT SETUP O...

Page 237: ...o match the characteristic SHAPED or UNSHAPED expected by the external devices connected to those outputs These settings control the states of the unshapers on the Aux Bus outputs When the Effects Send option is not present the VIDEO KEY FMT selections are not visible in the menu Figure A 13 Model 4000 and Model 2200 Aux Bus Shaping Menu Software v5 0 AUX BUS SHAPING MENU config aux bus format aux...

Page 238: ... key If the sending device produces shaped video but the receiving device expects unshaped video a double multiply will occur in the keyer darkening the edges of the key If either device or the interconnect between them is analog it is best to use unshaped video on the interconnect If an additive keyer with noise coring exists in the receiving device shaped video is acceptable otherwise unshaped v...

Page 239: ... must be analog since Kaleidoscope does not have composite digital inputs and outputs Therefore the unshaper circuits on the Effects Send board are required for proper communication unshaping the Model 3000 outputs for the Kaleidoscope analog inputs NOTE Some devices claim to produce shaped video but don t Their video output contains background signal in the critical soft edges or in translucent a...

Page 240: ...Appendix A Shaped and Unshaped Video A 18 ...

Page 241: ...diting rules are based on the Master Timeline keyframes All editing operations are performed on the delegated E MEM levels The Master Timeline is displayed graphically in the Keyframe Timeline menu as the topmost timeline The Current Time Position on the Master Timeline determines the editing rules for the editing and clipboard operations Insert Before Insert After Mod Cut Copy Paste as well as th...

Page 242: ...relative keyframe positioning is maintained That is an Insert or Paste operation will increase the effect duration of all E MEM timelines by the same amount and all keyframes occurring after the insert point will ripple or slide out in time by the same duration A Cut operation will delete the same amount of time from each E MEM level timeline and all subsequent keyframes will ripple or slide inwar...

Page 243: ...editing operations are limited to delegated levels only A level may be in one of three states Not enabled and not delegated does not appear in Timeline menu Enabled but not delegated appears in Timeline menu title is not highlighted Enabled and delegated appears in Timeline menu title is highlighted Level enables and delegations are both controlled via the ENABLES buttons on the E MEM panel A menu...

Page 244: ... delegated levels go to high tally and the names of those levels are highlighted in the Timeline menu During effect editing you would normally enable all levels that contribute to the overall effect When you want to make changes to individual levels you would delegate only those levels and perform the operation Insert Before Insert After Mod Cut Paste etc Only the delegated levels will be modified...

Page 245: ...ntinuity and Bias The adjustment of these controls can affect the keyframe path in various ways Interactions between the controls are numerous and each will be described in the following paragraphs You may want to experiment with the interactions by adjusting the controls in small increments In the following examples a physical path is shown between three keyframes The first keyframe KF1 is the up...

Page 246: ...e is made up of three vector parameters as shown below The soft knob controls act on these vector parameters to adjust the path into entry and out of exit the keyframe The path through KF2 is parallel with an imaginary line drawn between KF1 and KF2 KF1 KF2 KF3 Tension Vector Bias Continuity Vectors ...

Page 247: ...r and is parallel to a line drawn between adjacent keyframes see illustration The TENSION soft knob controls the length of the tension vector At a Tension setting of 0 this imaginary line extends an equal distance into and out of the keyframe and the path through the middle keyframe is curved The unmodified KF2 is said to have a correction value of 0 see Example 1 Example 1 Tension 0 0 KF1 KF2 KF3...

Page 248: ...at the Tension vector is shortened to non existence through KF2 The path enters and leaves the middle keyframe in a straight line as it takes on an S Linear motion decelerating as it enters the middle keyframe and accelerating as it leaves Example 2 Tension 1 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 No Tension Vector ...

Page 249: ... 00 This produces an effect of lengthening the Tension vector causing the path through the middle keyframe to be longer and broader The longer path will appear to make the image speed up through KF2 as it travels from KF1 to KF3 Example 3 Tension 1 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 Tension Vector ...

Page 250: ...s the angle of the path into and out of the keyframe It is represented by vectors at 90 degrees to each as shown in Example 4 Example 4 The unmodified path shown above is identical to the unmodified path of the other controls Continuity 0 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Continuity Vectors ...

Page 251: ...ath through the keyframe is pulled to point at the following keyframe or exit path The effect of 1 00 continuity is that of motion dropping into and then out of the keyframe similar to a bouncing ball see Example 5 Example 5 Continuity 1 00 KF1 KF2 KF3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ...

Page 252: ...ppendix B Keyframe Facts With continuity set to 1 00 the paths between the keyframes become straight lines accelerating through the keyframe see Example 6 Example 6 Continuity 1 00 KF1 KF2 KF3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ...

Page 253: ...or the following keyframe With extreme settings all of the biasing will occur either before or after KF2 With bias set to 0 the curve through the keyframe is gentle as shown in Example 7 below Example 7 NOTE A Tension vector MUST be present for Bias control to have an effect Bias 0 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 Bias Vector Tension Vector ...

Page 254: ...led towards the previous keyframe Entrance and exit to the keyframe are on a straight line from the previous keyframe see Example 8 and the path of the effect travels completely through KF2 before turning towards KF3 Example 8 Bias 1 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 Entry Bias Tension Vector ...

Page 255: ...the bias set to 1 00 the path is pulled towards the following keyframe Entrance and exit to the keyframe are a straight line pointed to the following keyframe see Example 9 Example 9 Bias 1 0 KF1 KF2 KF3 Exit Bias Tension Vector Bias ...

Page 256: ...B 16 Appendix B Keyframe Facts ...

Page 257: ...rom the surrounding super black level This enables a recorded video signal which includes black to be keyed into a scene without using a separate key signal Limitations If the video is recorded over super black due to the inability to have the key at the same time for later keying the video should be recorded as shaped as there will be no shaping signal key available to modify the edges Key softne...

Page 258: ... may be used for recording a video key signal on a single tape recorder To do this you need to combine both video and key into one signal yet still be able to distinguish between areas where there is no video key 0 and areas where there is video key 0 even though the video is Black Super Black accomplishes this by making the areas where the key 0 a lower value than Black that is blacker than Black...

Page 259: ...ck Signal are as follows Super Black Output Input Key Input Video Super Black Value Super Black Value When the Input Key Value is 0 Super Black Output Super Black Value When the Input Key Value is 1 Super Black Output Input Video When the key is in between 0 and 1 you get a linear mix between the Super Black Value and Input Video NOTE The following two methods of generating a Super Black output ar...

Page 260: ...n the System Parameters menu For instance if you want to produce a Super Black output on an M E you can turn on Key 1 and put it over the Super Black matte on Background A Now the video output of the M E has both Video and Key information This has the disadvantage that you have to use one layer as the Super Black generator however it is possible to lay up to eight layers at a time to tape using th...

Page 261: ...k Value Super Black Value The Super Black Value is also a register value on the output module It uses the same Super Black Value found in the System Parameters menu When Super Black is turned off Channel 3 Output Program Video This method also allows you to lay up to 8 layers at a time to tape Reconstructing the Signal To reconstruct the video and key 1 Map the tape machine input with the Super Bl...

Page 262: ...Appendix C Super Black C 6 ...

Page 263: ...e Component and System Asynchronous A mode of computer operation where the CPU immediately begins a new task upon completion of the previous task Also see Synchronous Audio Mixer An electronic device that takes audio signals from any of several sources such as microphones tape recorders etc to produce audio effects Also see Switcher Video Auto Transition A smooth or linear electronically produced ...

Page 264: ...BLACK pushbuttons on the crosspoint buses and by the PST BLK pushbutton Blanking 1 The portion of the video signal during which the picture is shut off to keep the screen dark during vertical and horizontal retrace 2 A standard signal from a television sync generator used to create blanking in video Blanking Processor A circuit which strips blanking and sync from the source video and replaces it w...

Page 265: ...ds to the sensation of saturation CIE Colors A color standard recommended by the IEEE Clip A threshold level adjustment to which the key source attribute luminance chrominance etc is compared for generating the internal key signal The CLIP control sets the switching point between the background and the fill CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor A family of semiconductors characterized by lo...

Page 266: ... switch occurs during the vertical interval so the picture is not disturbed D Debug To detect and correct malfunctions of a computer or errors in a computer program Decoder A device used to generate component video signals from an encoded video source Diagnostics A program usually resident in the computer consisting of several routines which check for malfunctions and identify faulty components Al...

Page 267: ...utputs for composite monitor requirements Error Message A message generated by the program to identify a program error or the area in which a malfunction occurs Event Number Number assigned by the editing system to each performed edit Exception Processing The activity of a CPU in response to an interrupt in its normal execution of instructions Execution The carrying out of a particular set of inst...

Page 268: ...p a complete TV scanning cycle Frame hardware The metal cabinet which contains the switcher s circuit boards Frame Lock Synchronization of the video signal with a time code Freeze Frame The recording or storage of a single frame of video Front Porch The portion of the video signal that occurs during blanking and extends from the end of active video to the beginning of sync G Gain An amplification ...

Page 269: ...rupt A special control signal which informs the CPU that its attention is needed for some type of exception processing J Jog The process of moving a videotape forward or backward at a variable rate of speed K Key 1 An effect in which a portion of the background video picture is replaced by another picture or caption 2 The signal which is used to pass or block portions of the background and fill vi...

Page 270: ...ch the portions of the key source that are greater in luminance than the clip level cut the hole in the background scene In luminance keying any video brightness level above the clip level will insert the key any level below the clip level will turn the key off In the key invert mode this clip relationship is reversed M MII Format A color difference video format that uses the Y R Y B Y components ...

Page 271: ...wo control signal inputs N NAB National Association of Broadcasters Nanosecond ns One billionth of a second Noise Interference present in a video or audio signal Non Additive Mix NAM A transition between two video signals in which only the signal with the largest instantaneous amplitude at any point in the picture is visible NTSC The U S standard for encoded color TV transmission developed by the ...

Page 272: ...puter and another hardware device Preset Black Transition Fade to Black A transition in which one video signal is faded to color black before the other video signal is brought up Preset Pattern The pattern used in a preset wipe transition Preset Wipe A transition between two video signals in which the limit of the separation pattern edge between signals is controlled by the wipe pattern controls I...

Page 273: ...ck time in which events occur Reboot The process of re loading the computer operating program see Boot Recall To bring a setup from E MEM memory and set up a switcher with it Re entry Entry or apparent entry of a processed video signal into another processing circuit e g Mix Effects into Program Preset Register A storage location in micro processor memory which is accessed for storage or recall by...

Page 274: ...rrier is 3 58 MHz in NTSC and 4 43 MHz in PAL Switcher Vision Mixer An electronic device that takes video signals from any of several sources such as cameras VTRs character generators etc to combine video signals and produce video effects Also see Audio Mixer Sync The portion of an encoded video signal which occurs during blanking and is used to synchronize the operation of the equipment Horizonta...

Page 275: ...d blanking Video Key A self key or chroma key in which the fill signal is video from the video key source or a matte from one of the matte generators W Wipe A transition between two video signals that is defined by the shape of a pre selected pattern The movement of the pattern edge is controlled by the Mix Effects lever arm or by an Auto Transition operation As the pattern edge moves one video si...

Page 276: ...G 14 Glossary ...

Page 277: ...uto Setup Option 1 20 Auto Setup procedure 4 34 background suppression 3 17 Definition 3 16 Foreground suppression 3 17 Inputs 2 20 2 22 Inputs Menu 2 22 Option Description 1 18 Chrominance Output Clipping 2 27 Circuit Boards Assembly Version Number 2 4 Clear Key Memory Menu 2 57 Clear Work Buffer 3 2 Clip Control 3 10 Adjustments 4 25 Clipping Black Level Output 2 27 Chrominance Output 2 27 Compo...

Page 278: ...4 Inputs 2 48 Output Digital Resolution 2 30 Output Limiter 2 27 Output Timing 2 28 Outputs 2 26 to 2 31 Peripheral Interface 2 49 Preview Preferences 2 58 Shaping Unshaping 2 27 Superblack Output On Off 2 26 System Clock 2 12 to 2 13 System Parameters 2 10 User Preferences 2 54 Constant Duration Mode 4 65 Control Panel Description 1 7 Control Point Language DPM 2 40 Crosspoints 2 14 Bus 3 5 Input...

Page 279: ...tion B 1 Delegates B 3 Enabled levels B 3 Enables B 3 Get 4 65 Levels B 3 Modifying B 4 Levels Modifying 4 56 Master Timeline B 1 Path Types 4 66 Put 4 65 Effects Editing Definitions 3 24 Current Time 3 24 Keyframe 3 24 Level 3 24 Master Timeline 3 24 Timeline 3 24 Effects keys 4 28 Effects Loop Crosspoints 1 14 Effects Send 1 19 3 28 Looping Mode 4 70 Non Looping Mode 4 70 Option 4 68 Outputs 1 1...

Page 280: ...Digital Resolution Menu 2 16 Input Modules 1 9 Inputs Background 2 14 Black 2 14 Chroma Key 2 20 2 22 Configuration 2 14 to 2 25 Crosspoints 2 19 Description 2 14 Digital Resolution 2 16 DPM Mapping 2 45 External Key 2 17 GPI 2 23 Kaleidoscope Mapping 2 48 Key 1 9 2 14 2 18 Mask 2 14 Video 1 9 2 14 Inputs Menu 2 15 Install Info Menu 2 3 to 2 6 Installed Software Version Number 2 4 Internal Black L...

Page 281: ...anufacture Restoring Defaults 2 63 Map Inputs 2 19 Menu 2 19 2 46 Mapping Aux Buses 2 44 DPM 700 Aux Buses 2 45 Mask Draw Feature Using the 2 65 Mask Store 1 19 Master Timeline 3 25 4 60 B 1 Matte Effects 4 22 Matte Generator Chroma Limiting Algorithm 2 11 Menu Aux Bus Format 2 53 Beeper Preferences 2 62 Chroma Key Inputs 2 22 Clear Key Memory 2 57 Configuration 2 7 Define Defaults 2 63 DPM Kscope...

Page 282: ...ol Panels 1 20 Safe Title Action Area Generator 1 19 Secondary Wipe Generator 1 18 Tally Expansion 1 20 Tally Relay Module 1 20 Output Digital Resolution Menu 2 30 Setting 2 30 Output Modules 1 11 Output Timing Menu 2 29 Switcher 2 28 Outputs Effects Send 1 14 Key 1 11 Key and Video Configuring 2 26 2 31 Limiter 2 27 Menu 2 26 Setting Digital Resoulution 2 30 Signal 1 11 Superblack C 2 Video 1 11 ...

Page 283: ...n A 16 output A 13 Shaped and Unshaped video configuring A 3 Shaped Video 2 20 A 1 definition A 1 Signal Processor Description 1 5 Signal Outputs 1 11 SOFTNESS 4 13 Software Version Number Identifying 2 4 S shaping 3 11 Standard Features 1 3 Starting Conditions 4 2 Status Menu 2 3 Super Black C 1 Definition C 1 Superblack Advantages C 2 Drawbacks C 2 Generating C 3 to C 5 Output C 2 Output Level 2...

Page 284: ...eo A 1 definition A 1 Upper Boards Menu 2 5 User Defined Default 2 2 Buffer 3 2 User Preferences 2 54 2 55 Menu 2 54 V VALID RGB 2 11 Video Flow Diagram 1 17 frozen image 3 30 Inputs 1 9 Outputs 1 11 Processing Description 1 14 Shaped 2 20 Unshaped 2 20 2 27 W WIDTH 4 13 Wipe background 4 11 definition 3 8 transition 4 28 X XMITABL 2 11 ...

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