background image

Using an Internal Mains transformer

A 50VA toroidal transformer powering an Oakley PSU2 designed to deliver up to 750mA per rail. Note

the wire loops fitted to the pads where normally the terminal block for the standby switch goes.

Be afraid, be very afraid...

Some of you old hands will laugh about the level of hysteria that surrounds direct mains 
connection to DIY projects. However, this fear is more to do with our litigious society than 
the real danger to the builder. Even so, I have had more than my fair share of high voltage 
shocks over the years and it is not something I would want any builder to have to experience. 
It has been purely luck that has saved me in several of those cases.

So I will say again – do not attempt to build a mains transformer into your modular case, or 
any other project, without realising that to do so carries a risk of death to either you, or to the 
person who may inadvertently put their fingers into your half built construction. Furthermore, 
it is up to you as the builder of such an item to make sure, that once built, the item is safe to 
use and meets all current safety legislation.

This is not a complete set of instructions on how to fit a transformer into a piece of 
electronic equipment. This information is offered only as a guide and should not be 
considered as your only source of information. No further information, other than that 
included here, will be provided by me regarding the construction of mains powered 
items.

20

Summary of Contents for PSU2

Page 1: ...Oakley Sound Systems PSU2 PCB Issue 1 Project Builder s Guide V1 3 Tony Allgood Oakley Sound Systems CARLISLE United Kingdom 1...

Page 2: ...ment do not worry in this manual I will try to make it clearer so that you make the right decision about what power source you will need It is designed to be mounted onto a metal panel which is used a...

Page 3: ...direct connection to the mains or other high voltage sources further to what is provided in this document Please do not ask me for any additional information pertaining to direct mains connections or...

Page 4: ...tion And the large surface area also allows the power supply s regulators to dissipate heat safely The voltage output of the power supply module is a split rail or bipolar 15V supply This means it gen...

Page 5: ...f standard AC output power supplies are single phase You can tell because they only have a cable with two wires inside which terminates in a two pole connector A single phase AC output supply will all...

Page 6: ...supported normally a red one which lights when any AC power is applied to the unit This would normally be mounted on the outside of the unit alongside the AC power switch and as such the PSU2 makes sp...

Page 7: ...o AC outputs with a centre tap or mid point reference voltage So unlike the single phase AC adapter output with two leads this one has three This means you need to use the Oakley PSU in full wave rect...

Page 8: ...0 This is essentially a bigger version of the PA 20 as detailed above which supplies 18V 0 18V at 1 4A maximum Once rectified smoothed and regulated it can supply up to 0 78A continuously You should a...

Page 9: ...F To prevent loss of the small as the decimal point a convention of inserting the unit in its place is used eg 4R7 is a 4 7 ohm 4K7 is a 4700 ohm resistor 4n7 is a 4 7 nF capacitor Resistors 1 0 25W m...

Page 10: ...D11 1N5819 Schottky diode D3 D10 1N5401 rectifier diode D1 D2 D7 D8 For 1N4004 you can use any other 1N400X part such as 1N4001 1N4002 etc D2 and D8 do not need to be fitted if you are using a single...

Page 11: ...nstallation not requiring a standby switch then you do not need to fit the screw terminal SWITCH F2 and its associating fuse does not need to be fitted if you are using a single phase wallwart or line...

Page 12: ...over the washer and tighten Check that the four holes in the PCB line up with the threaded tops of the hex spacers by temporarily fitting the PCB onto the spacers Loosen and re align any spacer if it...

Page 13: ...ents the mounting screw from touching the regulator s metal tab To fit the device to the panel first place the mounting bush into the hole of the power device with the flange of the bush lying on the...

Page 14: ...s working correctly Check with your continuity tester or using the resistance setting on your multimeter that there is a very high resistance between the tab of each regulator and the metal panel That...

Page 15: ...ched on You can replace the switch with a simple wire link but I do recommend that a switch be fitted so the socket doesn t have to take the full surge current when you insert it with the wallwart pow...

Page 16: ...d S1S together when switched on You can replace the switch with two wire links but I do recommend that a switch be fitted so the socket doesn t have to take the full surge current when you insert it i...

Page 17: ...ore complex system will have perhaps more than one modular more than one mixing desk and perhaps a heap of other outboard equipment This is when it makes sense to look at grounding your modular cases...

Page 18: ...ood quality 4mm banana sockets and plugs like the type sold for speaker connections and not those used for cheap test equipment A single M4 crimped ring terminal secured to a panel bonding point A sol...

Page 19: ...assis ground dirty ground signal ground and clean ground They d all be connected to 0V somewhere in the system but the term ground was in common usage Ground when used in this way is then a local comm...

Page 20: ...een purely luck that has saved me in several of those cases So I will say again do not attempt to build a mains transformer into your modular case or any other project without realising that to do so...

Page 21: ...t power supplies as the AC output of the transformer has to be rectified smoothed and then regulated Therefore the current drawn from a transformer secondary when connected to a standard linear power...

Page 22: ...it an AC standby switch since you will be fitting a proper mains power on switch in series with the transformer primary coil So you should link S1A to S1R and S2S to S2S on the PCB Here I have used a...

Page 23: ...bonding point using at least 24 0 2 wire or by making a second bonding point on the panel For the latter you have one bonding point solely for the mains earth which can be located near the mains IEC i...

Page 24: ...Mains wiring diagram For experienced builders only 24...

Page 25: ...igital circuitry and LED switching All three would be connected together but only at the power supply However this system would be incompatible with the popular MOTM modular system which only has a fo...

Page 26: ...t one point the PSU MOTM modules can be modified to allow full Oakley compatibility although this should be done as you are building the module Modifying a completed MOTM module is possible but the re...

Page 27: ...voltages Measure the output voltages with respect to ground This means connect your black lead of your voltmeter to the 0VA terminal screw Measure the voltage on the 15V terminal and check that is wit...

Page 28: ...this builder s guide or have a found a mistake in it then please do let me know But please do not contact me directly with questions about sourcing components or general fault finding Honestly I would...

Reviews: