12 Ver. 0.2
Series and Parallel Wiring
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Modules can be wired in series to increase voltage. Connect wires from the positive terminal of one
module to the negative terminal of the next module. Illustration A as below shows 4 modules
connected in series.
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If modules are connected in series, the total voltage is equal to the sum of the individual module
voltage.
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The maximum open-circuit voltage of the system must not be greater than the specified maximum
system voltage of the module.
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To connect modules in parallel to increase current. Connect wires from the positive terminal of one
module to the positive terminal on the next module. Illustration B as below shows 4 modules
connected in parallel.
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If modules are connected in parallel, the total current is equal to the sum of individual module current.
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Connecting modules in parallel, the wiring and connectors can become overheated at high current.
Use system wiring with suitable cross-section and connectors that are approved for use at the
maximum short-circuit current of the module. The recommended cable is PV wire with a cross section
of at least 4 mm
2
.
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Maximum number of series connected modules: ≤ (Maximum system voltage)/(Voc of the module at
STC)
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If fuse is used, number of parallel connected modules: ≤ (Maximum fuse rating)/(Isc of the module at
STC)
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A minimum bending radius R≥5 x Cable diameter must be maintained
.
(Fig 3.4)
Caution: Do not connect modules with wire terminations in series
to increase voltage.