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NI PXI-4204, User Manual

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©

 National Instruments Corporation

3-1

NI PXI-4204 User Manual

3

Using the NI PXI-4204

This chapter describes the theory of operation, measurement 
considerations, timing information, programming, creating program 
applications in LabVIEW, and calibration.

Theory of Operation

Figure 3-1 illustrates the key functional components of the NI PXI-4204, 
including the DAQ and integrated signal conditioning circuitry.

Summary of Contents for PXI-4204

Page 1: ...PXI NI PXI 4204 User Manual NI PXI 4204 User Manual June 2007 373529C 01...

Page 2: ...1 3400 Lebanon 961 0 1 33 28 28 Malaysia 1800 887710 Mexico 01 800 010 0793 Netherlands 31 0 348 433 466 New Zealand 0800 553 322 Norway 47 0 66 90 76 60 Poland 48 22 3390150 Portugal 351 210 311 210...

Page 3: ...ding photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation National Instruments res...

Page 4: ...bout precautions to take When symbol is marked on a product it denotes a warning advising you to take precautions to avoid electrical shock When symbol is marked on a product it denotes a component th...

Page 5: ...ing Signal Source Connection Recommended 2 7 Ground Referenced Signal Connection 2 8 Shielded Ground Referenced Signal Connection Recommended 2 9 Alternative Shielded Ground Referenced Connection 2 10...

Page 6: ...ng the NI PXI 4204 3 19 Synchronizing the NI PXI 4204 Using LabVIEW 3 21 Other Application Documentation and Material 3 22 Calibrating the NI PXI 4204 3 23 Loading Calibration Constants 3 23 Self Cali...

Page 7: ...1 NI PXI 4204 Dimensions A 6 Figure B 1 Typical Posttriggered Sequence B 2 Figure B 2 Typical Pretriggered Sequence B 2 Figure B 3 AI START TRIG Input Signal Timing B 3 Figure B 4 AI START TRIG Output...

Page 8: ...l gain settings The NI PXI 4204 is an eight channel device for measuring voltages up to 100 volts The NI PXI 4204 has the following features Eight differential analog input AI channels 16 bit resoluti...

Page 9: ...dio Frequency Interference DAQ Getting Started Guide PXI or PXI SCXI combination chassis user manual Documentation for your software Tools 1 8 in flathead screwdriver You can download NI documents fro...

Page 10: ...your application software documentation or the NI DAQmx documentation to help you write your application If you have a large complicated system it is worthwhile to look through the software documenta...

Page 11: ...llowing LEDs on the NI PXI 4204 front panel confirm the system is functioning properly The ACCESS LED is normally green and blinks yellow for a minimum of 100 ms during the NI PXI 4204 configuration T...

Page 12: ...cting Signals to the NI PXI 4204 After you have verified that the NI PXI 4204 is installed correctly and self tested the device refer to the following sections to connect signals to the device Caution...

Page 13: ...tion Refer to the Read Me First Safety and Radio Frequency Interference document before removing equipment covers or connecting disconnecting any signal wires 1 PXI Chassis 2 PXI System Controller 3 N...

Page 14: ...Remove power from the signal lines If this is not possible complete the following steps while referring to Figures 2 2 and 2 3 a Remove the COMBICON connector from the NI PXI 4204 b Attach the signal...

Page 15: ...2 Connecting Signals NI PXI 4204 User Manual 2 4 ni com Figure 2 2 NI PXI 4204 Screw Terminals AI5 AI4 AI3 AI7 AI6 AI6 AI4 AI2 AI2 AI1 AI1 AI0 AI0 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 AI3 AI5 AI7 PF...

Page 16: ...al diagrams showing the signal source and connections Whenever possible use shielded twisted pair field wiring to reduce the effects of unwanted noise sources In the electrical diagrams two different...

Page 17: ...SIG is connected to the channel reference AIX The lack of shielding on the field wiring can cause this configuration to be susceptible to electrically coupled noise This configuration has only one gro...

Page 18: ...onnection shown in Figure 2 4 by using a shielded cable to connect the signal source to the instrument as shown in Figure 2 5 This is the recommended shielding configuration for floating signal source...

Page 19: ...VSIG is connected to the channel reference AIX The signal ground reference VSIG Ground Reference is referenced to the NI PXI 4204 chassis ground reference inherently through some conductive path that...

Page 20: ...l source in Figure 2 7 is identical to the signal source in Figure 2 6 The shielding is grounded at only one point to the signal source ground VSIG Ground Reference Connect the signal VSIG to the NI P...

Page 21: ...ucing electrically induced noise in a ground referenced measurement However if connecting the shielding to the signal source ground is cumbersome or inconvenient use the connection shown in Figure 2 8...

Page 22: ...e between the signal source reference and the NI PXI 4204 chassis ground reference To connect a signal source with high CMV to the NI PXI 4204 connect the signal VSIG to the NI PXI 4204 channel AIX Co...

Page 23: ...XI 4204 channel AIX Connect the signal reference VSIG to the channel reference AIX The shielding is grounded at only one point to the NI PXI 4204 chassis ground reference This shielding scheme is effe...

Page 24: ...2 10 Shielded High CMV Connection For more information about the function of the NI PXI 4204 and other measurement considerations refer to Chapter 3 Using the NI PXI 4204 Shielding Twisted Pair Wirin...

Page 25: ...scribes the theory of operation measurement considerations timing information programming creating program applications in LabVIEW and calibration Theory of Operation Figure 3 1 illustrates the key fu...

Page 26: ...lug and Play 82C55 DIO Control Configuration Memory MINI MITE Generic Bus Interface PCI Bus Interface EEPROM EEPROM ADC FIFO A D Converter AI Control IRQ DMA NI PGA Analog Mode Multiplexer Voltage Ref...

Page 27: ...a balanced divide by ten attenuator The attenuation is provided by a resistor divider network that provides 1 M input impedance The balanced attenuator followed by an instrumentation amplifier provid...

Page 28: ...s of 6 Hz or 10 kHz The 6 Hz filter setting attenuates differentially connected 60 Hz signals by 40 dB T H Circuitry You can enable the NI PXI 4204 track and hold circuitry to enable SS H This allows...

Page 29: ...of a measurement device to reject voltages that are common to both input terminals is referred to as the common mode rejection ratio CMRR and is usually stated in decibels at a given frequency or ove...

Page 30: ...rmal mode rejection ratio NMRR specification which specifies the capability of the NI PXI 4204 to reject a differentially applied unwanted 60 Hz signal In the case of the NI PXI 4204 this specificatio...

Page 31: ...ral measurement functions to a common trigger or timing event The PXI trigger bus is connected through the rear signal connector to the PXI chassis backplane The DAQ STC provides a flexible interface...

Page 32: ...tion Inputs PFI0 is connected to the front SMB connector of the NI PXI 4204 Software can select PFI0 as the external source for a given timing signal Any timing signal can use the PFI0 pin as an input...

Page 33: ...another device programmed to receive this timebase signal This clock source whether local or from the PXI trigger bus is used directly by the device as the primary frequency source The default configu...

Page 34: ...ity on PFI0 SMB Availabilityon PXI Trigger Bus AI START TRIG Input Output This is the source for the analog input digital start trigger the trigger that begins an acquisition This sends out the actual...

Page 35: ...DAQmx For more information about how to create tasks and channels refer to the example programs AI SAMP CLK Input Output This clock controls the time interval between samples Each time the sample cloc...

Page 36: ...s Create a Task Programmatically Create Task in DAQ Assistant or MAX No Hardware Timing Triggering Create Task Using DAQ Assistant No Yes No Yes Configure Channels Further Configure Channels Start Mea...

Page 37: ...ease of use when using a sensor that requires complex scaling or when many properties differ between channels in the same task If you are using an ADE other than an NI ADE or if you want to explicitly...

Page 38: ...al routing of the clock source or select the active edge of the clock signal Configuring Channel Properties All of the different ADEs used to configure the NI PXI 4204 access an underlying set of NI D...

Page 39: ...g background After you acquire the data and perform any required analysis it is useful to display the data in a graphical form or log it to a file NI ADEs provide easy to use tools for graphical displ...

Page 40: ...O DAQmx Name Controls subpalette right click it and select New Task DAQ Assistant Create a Task Programmatically optional DAQmx Create Task vi This VI is optional if you created and configured your ta...

Page 41: ...level checking Some data analysis tools are located on the Functions Signal Analysis subpalette and on the Functions All Functions Analyze subpalette Display Data You can use graphical tools such as c...

Page 42: ...roperties Navigate through the menus and select the property you wish to define 7 To either get the property or write a new value you must change the property to read or write Right click the property...

Page 43: ...all of the synchronized devices is called the master The master NI PXI 4204 exports the shared timing signals through the PXI bus to the slave devices Each NI PXI 4204 contains a DAQ STC chip and is c...

Page 44: ...Master Timing Create a Slave Task Optional Create Slave AI Voltage Channels Set Slave to Use Timebase from Master Start Slave Measurement s Start Master Measurement Configure Master Channel Continue...

Page 45: ...o the Using a DAQmx Channel Property Node in LabVIEW section for more information Configure Master Timing DAQmx Timing vi Sample Clock by default Get Master Timebase Source and Rate from Master Task U...

Page 46: ...vailable at ni com Go to ni com info and enter the info code rdfwn3 Configure Slave Triggering DAQmx Trigger vi Start Digital Edge use MasterDevice ai StartTrigger as the source substituting the maste...

Page 47: ...e values that were written to the CalDACs to achieve calibration in the factory and the remaining signal conditioning error are stored in the onboard nonvolatile flash memory The digitizer calibration...

Page 48: ...bration reference for the DAQ circuitry and the signal conditioning circuitry to ensure the accuracy of self calibration The specifications are listed in Appendix A Specifications The reference voltag...

Page 49: ...Input range 100 V Resolution 16 bits Maximum sampling rate 200 kS s aggregate multichannel Input coupling DC Bandwidth 6 Hz or 10 kHz 2 pole lowpass Butterworth filter response Differential input impe...

Page 50: ...erature coefficient 32 ppm C Remaining gain error temperature coefficient after self calibration 25 ppm C CMRR DC to 60 Hz 60 dB 100 Hz to 10 kHz 40 dB Normal mode 60 Hz rejection 6 Hz filter setting...

Page 51: ...ng and averaging of 100 single channel readings Measurement accuracies are listed for operational temperatures within 1 C of internal calibration temperature and 10 C of external or factory calibratio...

Page 52: ...calibration interval 1 year Onboard calibration reference Level 5 000 V 1 mV actual value stored in EEPROM TC 5 ppm C Long term stability 15 ppm Pre calibration Errors1 Pre calibration offset error r...

Page 53: ...and stop trigger gate clock Source PFI0 AI START TRIG front SMB connector PXI_Trig 0 5 to PXI Star PXI trigger bus Compatibility 5 V TTL Response Rising or falling edge Pulse width 10 ns min Impedance...

Page 54: ...signal connector 16x1 miniature COMBICON 3 81 mm pitch Analog input signal mating connector 16x1 miniature COMBICON screw terminal connector 3 81 mm pitch 28 16 AWG signal wires 2 0 cm 0 79 in 21 3 c...

Page 55: ...00 V This device can withstand up to 500 V impulse voltage without creating a safety hazard Do not use this device for connection to signals or for measurements within Categories II III or IV Do not c...

Page 56: ...roup 1 Class A CE C Tick ICES and FCC Part 15 Emissions Class A Note For EMC compliance operate this device according to product documentation CE Compliance This product meets the essential requiremen...

Page 57: ...ysical wiring to the device I O connector for applications requiring alternative wiring Note The NI PXI 4204 cannot output the PXI Star trigger line As an input each PFI signal can be individually con...

Page 58: ...e B 1 Typical Posttriggered Sequence Pretriggered DAQ allows you to view data that is acquired before the trigger of interest in addition to data acquired after the trigger Figure B 2 shows a typical...

Page 59: ...sition is externally triggered by another PFI The output is an active high pulse with a pulse width of 50 to 100 ns This output is set to high impedance at startup Figures B 3 and B 4 show the input a...

Page 60: ...ded with the number of posttrigger scans to acquire while the acquisition continues The device ignores AI REF TRIG if it is asserted prior to the SC decrementing to zero After the selected edge of AI...

Page 61: ...e selected edge of AI SAMP CLK initiates a scan The SI2 counter starts if you select an internally triggered AI CONV CLK As an output AI SAMP CLK reflects the actual start pulse that initiates a scan...

Page 62: ...ulses are masked off until the device generates AI SAMP CLK If you use internally generated conversions the first AI CONV CLK appears when the onboard SI2 counter reaches zero If you select an externa...

Page 63: ...I0 PXI_Trig 0 5 or PXI Star can externally input the AI CONV CLK signal which is also available as an output on PXI_Trig 0 5 Refer to Figures B 1 and B 2 for the relationship of AI CONV CLK to the seq...

Page 64: ...ence Scans occurring within a sequence can be gated by either the hardware AI PAUSE TRIG signal or the software command register gate AI PAUSE TRIG Signal PFI0 PXI_Trig 0 5 or PXI Star can externally...

Page 65: ...internal timebase generates AI SAMPLE CLK TIMEBASE unless you select an external source Figure B 11 shows the timing requirements for AI SAMPLE CLK TIMEBASE Figure B 11 AI SAMPLE CLK TIMEBASE Signal...

Page 66: ...Appendix B Timing Signal Information NI PXI 4204 User Manual B 10 ni com Figure B 12 AI HOLD COMPLETE Signal Timing tw 400 to 500 ns td 50 to 100 ns AI CONV CLK AI HOLD COMPLETE td tw...

Page 67: ...4204 device from a PXI chassis complete the following steps while referring to Figure C 1 1 Power off the PXI chassis Do not remove the NI PXI 4204 device from a chassis that is powered on 2 Rotate t...

Page 68: ...pand Devices and Interfaces to display the list of installed devices and interfaces The NI PXI 4204 should have a red circle with a white X inside it next to the device to indicate it has been physica...

Page 69: ...solated device No the NI PXI 4204 is not an isolated device and should not be used in applications with working voltages larger than 100 V The NI PXI 4204 has only resistive isolation which does not f...

Page 70: ...ad approximately 0 0 V How do I program the NI PXI 4204 Refer to Chapter 3 Using the NI PXI 4204 for application programming information or your ADE help file There is no register level programming ma...

Page 71: ...lo 103 M mega 106 G giga 109 Symbols percent positive of or plus negative of or minus per degree ohm A A amperes A D analog to digital AC alternating current ADC analog to digital converter an electro...

Page 72: ...ors or dielectric materials See also working voltage bus the group of conductors that interconnect individual circuitry in a computer Typically a bus is the expansion vehicle to which I O or other dev...

Page 73: ...cal signals from sensors transducers and test probes or fixtures and inputting them to a computer for processing 2 collecting and measuring the same kinds of electrical signals with A D and or DIO dev...

Page 74: ...able programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed EMC electromagnetic compatibility EMI electromagnetic interference defines unwanted electromagnetic...

Page 75: ...espect to ground is proportional to the difference between the voltages at its two high impedance inputs K k kilo the standard metric prefix for 1 000 or 103 used with units of measure such as volts h...

Page 76: ...ical storms welders radio transmitters and internal sources such as semiconductors resistors and capacitors Noise corrupts signals you are trying to send or receive P PCI peripheral component intercon...

Page 77: ...an analog signal sample counter the clock that counts the output of the channel clock in other words the number of samples taken On devices with SS H this counter counts the output of the scan clock a...

Page 78: ...T TRIG trigger signal trigger any event that causes or starts some form of data capture TTL transistor transistor logic a digital circuit composed of bipolar transistors wired in a certain manner V V...

Page 79: ...able 3 10 AI AutoZeroMode property table 3 15 AI Coupling property table 3 14 AI Lowpass CutoffFreq property table 3 14 AI SampAndHold Enable property table 3 15 alternative shielded ground referenced...

Page 80: ...output signal timing figure B 8 overview table 3 11 AI HOLD COMPLETE description B 9 signal timing figure B 10 AI PAUSE TRIG description B 8 overview table 3 11 AI REF TRIG description B 4 input sign...

Page 81: ...on application software 1 3 NI PXI 4204 1 3 Instrumentation Amplifier table 3 3 isolation D 1 L LabVIEW software application development 3 16 DAQmx channel property node 3 17 steps table 3 16 synchron...

Page 82: ...ications A 6 posttriggered data acquisition B 2 power requirements specifications A 5 pretriggered acquisition B 2 programmable function inputs description B 1 overview 3 8 programming See application...

Page 83: ...istics A 3 transfer characteristics A 4 SS H characteristics specifications A 3 Star Trigger controller 3 9 synchronization and triggering NI PXI 4204 3 19 overview 3 19 program flowchart figure 3 20...

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