13
NOTE: Gently press the power button. Do not force too much to avoid damaging the button.
4.4 Conditions
1) Ambient temperature& humidity requirements:
Operating temperature: -20
℃
~ + 50
℃
Operating humidity:
≤
90% (non-condensing)
2) Keep the installation, use environment clean to prevent corrosive gas;
3) Prevent static damage and strong electromagnetic interference on the instrument.
4.5 Sample Preparation
For qualitative analysis of the elements in the sample ,whether it is a natural one or in strange shape,
this instrument can be directly used for test. But for accurate quantitative analysis, we need to do
some sample processing.
X-ray fluorescence analysis is sort of a comparative measurement which needs standard sample as
reference, the geometry conditions of both need to be consistent. Therefore, the measurement for
the natural sample in the field will be comparatively less accurate,while in the lab, we get better
results.
Sample Shape
Main Factors Leading to Measurement Errors
Solid
A. Segregation inside the sample
B. Rough surface
C. Sample surface deterioration (e.g. oxidation)
Powder
A. Coarse Particles
B. Sample changes (e.g. oxidation and moisture adsorption)
Liquid
A. Concentration changes due to precipitation and crystallization
B. Bubbles
1. Solid Sample
To make solid samples, such as steel, copper alloys, aluminum alloys and precious metals, the
method is to lathe them to cylinders and have one end polished
Before analysis, do not touch the polished surface to avoid oil stains which would affect the
accuracy of measurement. If it has been stained, wipe it clean with a soft clean cloth.
2. Powder Sample
Including slag, dust, ash, cement and lime,etc.. Typical sample preparation order: Batch -> Multiple
particles ->Bulks -> Pulverization and splitting -> Sample preparation -> Measurement. For
optimum measurement results, the size of powder samples should be preferably below 200 Mesh..
Generally, directly place the powder sample in the cups for analysis. Another method is to make
tablets, which will bring accurate results.
3. Liquid Sample
There are three preparation methods for liquid samples.
1)
Direct - pour liquid samples directly into the cups for analysis.
2)
Enrichment - enrich the elements to be analyzed by using copper reagent or ion-exchange
resin method,etc.
3)
Drip - drip drops of liquid sample on the filter paper for analysis.
Summary of Contents for Explorer-9000
Page 1: ...Explorer 9000 User Manual ...