Malvern Zetasizer uV User Manual Download Page 1

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Printed in England

MRK1132-01

Malvern Instruments Limited

Enigma Business Park

Grovewood Road, Malvern

Worcs, WR14 1XZ, U.K.

Tel: +44 (0) 1684 892456

Fax: +44 (0) 1684 892789

www.malvern.com

user manual

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Malvern

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asizer

Summary of Contents for Zetasizer uV

Page 1: ...132 01 Malvern Instruments Limited Enigma Business Park Grovewood Road Malvern Worcs WR14 1XZ U K Tel 44 0 1684 892456 Fax 44 0 1684 892789 www malvern com user manual V zetasizer Malvern user manual...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...Zetasizer V User Manual MAN0428 Issue 1 0 December 2008...

Page 4: ...ess written permission of Malvern Instruments Ltd Head office Malvern Instruments Ltd Enigma Business Park Grovewood Road Malvern Worcestershire WR14 1XZ United Kingdom Tel 44 0 1684 892456 Fax 44 0 1...

Page 5: ...tasizer V instrument The information below should be inserted as a third paragraph in the Sample Temperature section on page 9 16 and as a fifth paragraph in the Flow mode SOPs section on page 9 33 No...

Page 6: ...Page 2 Addendum 0076 1 0 Addendum 0076a fm Page 2 Tuesday February 24 2009 4 09 PM...

Page 7: ...corporated into the next manual release for the instrument The Zetasizer V measurement range The Zetasizer V measurement specifications are described below Size range maximum radius 0 15nm to 1micron...

Page 8: ...e discussion on their use Size measurements Choosing the correct cell Read in place of relevant section on page 4 3 of the Zetasizer V User Manual Size measurements Read in place of relevant section o...

Page 9: ...perature accuracy 0 1 C at 25 C 0 2 C at 2 C 0 5 C at 90 C Compatible cell temperatures 2 C to 90 C Glass and quartz cells 2 C to 70 C Plastic disposable cells Weight 14kg Dimensions W D H 350mm x 410...

Page 10: ...Page 4 Addendum 0081 1 0 ADD0081 1 0 uV Spec updates fm Page 4 Wednesday May 26 2010 12 01 PM...

Page 11: ...ular weight 2 2 How does the Zetasizer V work Introduction 3 1 How is a Zetasizer measurement performed 3 2 What does the Zetasizer consist of Identifying the hardware 3 5 Navigating the software 3 11...

Page 12: ...e Molecular weight 6 2 Count rate meter 6 4 Part 2 Supervisor s Guide Security Introduction 7 1 Initial start up set up the administrator 7 2 Enabling security 7 3 User groups 7 4 Users 7 5 Measuremen...

Page 13: ...ce 10 25 Creating Custom Reports Introduction 11 1 Overview 11 2 Opening an existing report 11 3 Creating a new report 11 3 Adding elements to the report 11 4 Setting up the report elements 11 5 Selec...

Page 14: ...troduction 14 1 What is Static light scattering 14 1 The Debye plot 14 4 Part 3 Appendices Specification Specification A 1 Chemical compatibility A 2 Unpacking instructions Installation Introduction C...

Page 15: ...Part 1 Operator s Guide...

Page 16: ......

Page 17: ...s to Identify what the instrument is Explain in simple terms how it works Explain how the instrument should be used to make a measurement Identify the user maintenance procedures How to use this manua...

Page 18: ...s on using the instrument and the soft ware basic measurement and maintenance procedures Part 2 Supervisor s guide The Supervisor s guide concentrates on the administration of the Zetasizer V and cove...

Page 19: ...ble for the management and safety of the instrument and its operation The supervisor also trains the operators They can perform all user maintenance routines identified in the Essentials manual Under...

Page 20: ...rm main menu menu item As an example the command Tools Options refers to select ing the Options item in the Tools menu Menu commands are shown in bold text Where to get help Manuals and Help files The...

Page 21: ...is 44 0 1684 891800 This help line is primarily English speaking Remote support Malvern Instruments offers a remote support service over the Internet Benefits include fast and efficient fault diagnosi...

Page 22: ...Chapter 1 Introduction to this manual Page 1 6 MAN 0428...

Page 23: ...the ability to perform Trend measurements including the determination of the Protein melting point The Zetasizer V features pre aligned optics plus the precise temperature control necessary for repro...

Page 24: ...dom movement of particles or molecules in a liquid due to the bombard ment by the solvent molecules that surround them The particles in a liquid move about randomly and their speed of movement is used...

Page 25: ...p the molecule If we take as an example the molecular formula H2O water we can work out the molecular weight In each molecule of water there are two atoms of hydrogen H2 and one atom of oxygen O Now t...

Page 26: ...4 MAN 0428 Why do we want to know it We need to know the molecular weight so we can determine how many grams there are in 1 mole of a substance The mole is the chemistry standard term for 1 molecular...

Page 27: ...trument incorporates The initial section How is a Zetasizer measurement performed will briefly describe the following What is involved in making a measurement What are the major components of the syst...

Page 28: ...measurement settings This ensures that measure ments made on the same type of sample are made in a consistent way SOPs reduce the requirement for repetitive user input and the risk of introducing err...

Page 29: ...window will appear where the measurement settings can be chosen and if required saved as an SOP After choosing these begin the measurement by simply pressing the Start button on the Measurement displa...

Page 30: ...4 MAN 0428 ill 8300 The measurement results will be automatically saved to a measurement file Note The measurement file must be selected before the measurement is started as the measurements will be...

Page 31: ...s key modules the Zetasizer instrument and a computer system with the Zetasizer software installed It is preferable the computer is dedicated to just running the Zetasizer software ill 8306 The softwa...

Page 32: ...the cover is a label that identifies the instrument model ill 8307 Rear Panel The rear panel provides all the connections These are identified below ill 8308 Power input socket Mains power input socke...

Page 33: ...Class 1 Water Class 3 Particulate Class 3 Pressure 100 kPa g For connection purposes the purge input uses a push fit connector An optional purge connection kit is available from Malvern instruments if...

Page 34: ...recommended that the cell area is allowed to cool before removing the cell A warning triangle is provided in the cell basin The cell area is where all cells are inserted to undertake a measurement Th...

Page 35: ...e to an upright open position allowing access to the cell holder Laser safety interlock This is activated on opening the cell area lid and pre vents any laser light from entering into the cell area To...

Page 36: ...cell holder This is done to ensure the cell clamp moves freely and that no spilt sample has caused the mecha nism to stick Note The Zetasizer V model serial number software and firmware version can be...

Page 37: ...be printed There are two software modules The main Zetasizer application which is described below A secondary module known as Report Designer which enables custom reports to be created to display the...

Page 38: ...ith a brief overview File Menu The File menu can be used to either create a New Measurement or SOP file or Open an existing Measurement or SOP file The Measurement file is where all the measurement re...

Page 39: ...edited measurement will then be added to the bottom of the Records view listing To view the settings for any particular measurement record select the record and then Extract SOP The SOP editor dialog...

Page 40: ...e Configure Workspace dialogues The reports available will change to match the workspace chosen All currently available reports are shown at the base of the menu The icon indicates the report that is...

Page 41: ...a choice of using an existing measurement SOP Measure Start SOP or manually setting up the measurement and sample details Measure Manual Once the measurement details have been entered or an SOP has be...

Page 42: ...available programs These are programs written by Malvern to enable the system to operate in a mode required for a specific application These can be installed and selected using the Options feature The...

Page 43: ...to be selected Startup Allows the user to specify how the software behaves on startup Select the Auto login option to circumvent the standard Zetasizer log in window and automatically log in as the cu...

Page 44: ...e view dialogue Help Menu Help Topics give access to the help files Links to the Malvern website including downloads and consumables Tip of the day will give hints on how to use the Zetasizer software...

Page 45: ...a time The contents of the window will change when a Record or Report tab is selected Manipulation of the measurement file windows is described in Chapter 5 Standard These tools perform the most popu...

Page 46: ...urement file is opened If selected using the View menu a Statistics bar will be available at the bottom of the record view This can display the Standard deviation the minimum the maximum or the mean f...

Page 47: ...es an indication of the instrument s current operating state and an extended description of the tool icons If required use the View Toolbars Customise dialogues to disable it On the right of the statu...

Page 48: ...d saved under a different name Units Conversion A number of parameters within the software have the option to change the units used to define the parameter i e Temperature has the option to use either...

Page 49: ...s Manual measurements and Standard Operating Procedure SOP measurements It is important to understand and consider these methods before proceeding A Manual measurement is basically a one off measureme...

Page 50: ...Prepare the sample following the sample preparation guidelines Choose the cell s appropriate for the sample and measurement type Fill the cell s with the prepared sample Make an SOP measurement If ne...

Page 51: ...into the instrument is paramount See Chapter 6 for more information Choosing the correct cell Caution Due to the risk of melting polystyrene cuvettes must not be used for measurements above 50 C Malve...

Page 52: ...from Malvern and should be used with the supplied cell caps Using the caps will ensure greater thermal stability of the sample as well as preventing dust introduction and possible spillage Size measur...

Page 53: ...Not resistant to organic solvents Unsuitable for use at high temperatures above 70 C Requires cleaning after measurement Material Polystyrene Glass Glass square aperture PCS1115 Low volume quartz ZMV1...

Page 54: ...lume Disadvantages Requires cleaning after measurement With manual use requires careful filling to avoid bubbles Requires cleaning after measurement Requires careful filling to avoid bubbles Material...

Page 55: ...t such as a lami nar flow cabinet before use The cell should be filled slowly to avoid air bubbles from being created Ultra sonication can be used to remove air bubbles but only if the sample is suita...

Page 56: ...bbles forming let the sample flow down the inside Note When filled place a lid securely on the cuvette Low volume cell This cell is designed to use the minimum volume of sample possible for a size or...

Page 57: ...measurement choices selected Size and Molecular weight measurements For these measurements do the following 1 Press down on top of the cell area lid where it is marked Push to unlock the catch and the...

Page 58: ...t Most cells have a small triangle at the top to indicate the side that faces the front This is especially critical for Molecular weight measurements If a flowcell is used insert the sample tubes into...

Page 59: ...s are managed is down to preference As an example One measurement file is used for all the measurement records not recom mended Separate files are used for each type of sample i e one for titanium dio...

Page 60: ...measurement to be entered in the General notes box such as a batch number etc Once the measurement record has been named and any comments added select the OK button The Measurement display discussed...

Page 61: ...al to those in the SOP editor when used to define a new SOP please refer to Chapter 9 Once all settings have been made if required select the Save as icon or File Save as from the menu to store the se...

Page 62: ...parameters can be added prior to the measurement being started These Start and Stop the measurement If Stop is pressed while performing a measurement then the measurement must be started again from t...

Page 63: ...graph with a summary table will be shown depending upon the view chosen The Result tab is named after the result view chosen The Multi view tab displays the results in three smaller windows As with th...

Page 64: ...final measurement calculation by a dust filtration algorithm ill 6757 A wildly fluctuating count rate may indicate that thermal gradients are present in the sample and further time is required for tem...

Page 65: ...he Multi view enables three different result views to be shown at the same time The view in each separate window can be altered by right clicking in the window and selecting a different view from the...

Page 66: ...Please refer to the Size description above Count rate Please refer to the Size description above Correlation function Please refer to the Size description above Volume PSD Please refer to the Size des...

Page 67: ...the count rate signals to viewed before a measurement is run Multi view Tab As the Size description above except for Flow mode specific view choices Log sheet Tab Please refer to the Size description...

Page 68: ...cular weight Size measurements The cell is inserted Start is pressed and data collection begins The progress meter indicates the measurement progress while Measurement and Run show the number of runs...

Page 69: ...st sample concentration i e the pure solvent Insert the first sample concentration and press Start The software displays another dialogue where the sample concentration can be entered Type in the conc...

Page 70: ...Chapter 4 A Tutorial Making a measurement Page 4 22 MAN 0428...

Page 71: ...e Report tabs which show all measurement details of a selected measurement record Note The Records view parameters and Report tabs that are displayed are dependent upon the Workspace settings selected...

Page 72: ...select the first record in the sequence all subsequent records in that sequence will then automatically be selected Outliners For Melting point records outliners are employed This enables the main par...

Page 73: ...ar from the menu bar and then the options to display A bar will be added to the bottom of the record view displaying each of the parameters selected To display the statistics of a number or records ho...

Page 74: ...e SOP and the SOP parameters used the system settings for the measurement to be performed and the measurement results A graph or table is also included at the bottom of the report Note For each report...

Page 75: ...the option is available right clicking on a parameter will display a parameter icon enabling the units to be changed A check mark 9 will be displayed next to the currently selected units If present ri...

Page 76: ...e sample This includes the measurement name record number time of measurement sample solvent refractive indices viscosity etc The information shown is generally that which was entered by the user into...

Page 77: ...umulants analysis only gives two values a mean value for the size and a width parameter known as the Polydispersity or the Polydispersity Index PdI It is important to note that this mean size often gi...

Page 78: ...peak positions Graph The results are also shown in graphical form The format of the graph can be altered by moving the cursor over the graph and right clicking the mouse The Graph control properties d...

Page 79: ...ble to change the appearance of the graph on the screen when the report is printed out it will print the original default view To print out a different graph a new report will have to be created using...

Page 80: ...ze limits used in display range z Average is smaller than lower size analysis limit Wrong size limits used in analysis range z Average is larger than upper size analysis limit Wrong size limits used i...

Page 81: ...software not set to default 50 Cumulant fit error high Data quality too poor for cumulant analysis Sample too polydisperse for cumulant analysis Inappropriate cumulant analysis settings in Research S...

Page 82: ...parameters relating to the sample Please see the size description for details Settings specific for Molecular weight are Dn Dc This is the differential refractive index increment the change in refract...

Page 83: ...t of a molecule within the measured sample expressed in atomic mass units indicated in KiloDaltons KDa Shape correction Displays the shape correction model used for the calculation as mentioned above...

Page 84: ...ame information as seen in a standard size report plus additional information relating to the flow duration and rate used The three main peaks in the measurement will also be shown displaying the samp...

Page 85: ...an be viewed using the Melting point M report A trend report gives the same information as seen in a standard size or Zeta report plus a graph showing the trend progression Additionally a melting poin...

Page 86: ...Chapter 5 Records and Reports Viewing the Results Page 5 16 MAN 0428...

Page 87: ...le such as its particle or molecular size and sample concentration This section outlines the basic considerations for sample preparation Sample concentration Each type of sample material has its own i...

Page 88: ...esult variations Using ultrasonics Ultrasonication can be used to remove air bubbles or to breakup agglomerates however this must be applied carefully in order to avoid damaging the sample Limits for...

Page 89: ...attering but this is not ideal Maximum concentration The APD detector used in the instrument has a linear operating range Therefore the maximum sample concentration should give a count rate of less th...

Page 90: ...ent Count rate monitor By inspecting the count rate monitor the quality of the sample can be observed Selecting the Auto Scale check box will automatically scale the graph as the count rate monitoring...

Page 91: ...ill indicate an aggregating sample while a decreasing count rate will indicate a sedimenting sample In addition to displaying the count rate the dialogue allows changes to the cell and attenuator posi...

Page 92: ...Chapter 6 Sample Preparation Page 6 6 MAN 0428...

Page 93: ...Part 2 Supervisor s Guide...

Page 94: ......

Page 95: ...istrator adds operators to a group and assigns each operator a password Each operator s identification and password are entered to enable access to the soft ware The first time the software is run the...

Page 96: ...Administrator and one group Administrators This group is originally set to only allow configuration of the security system and to deny access to all other features of the system On first start up of...

Page 97: ...dialogue will appear on exiting to give a reminder on saving changes Enabling security Within the Security configuration dialogue select Options Security settings and select the Enable security check...

Page 98: ...double click on an empty row When editing double click on an exist ing group to display the dialogue Enter a Group name and a Description of the group s purpose Example names might be Operators Genera...

Page 99: ...of permissions and check the boxes for the permissions required This can also be done with a mouse or by highlighting a permission and pressing the space bar The permissions list can be navigated usin...

Page 100: ...ass word beforehand A more secure approach is for the administrator to specify a pre viously arranged password such as the user s name and force the user to change their password the next time they lo...

Page 101: ...can not change password This option prevents a user from changing a password once it has been initially set For a secure system it is advisable for users to regularly change their passwords to preven...

Page 102: ...Chapter 7 Security Page 7 8 MAN 0428...

Page 103: ...l results or records and reports for each measurement file can be viewed moved and analysed Depending upon the Window options set multiple measurement files can be viewed at the same time Once a resul...

Page 104: ...rint variations The report page files can be found in the Pages folder Measurement file window Initially a measurement file must be opened by selecting File Open Once a file has been selected a measur...

Page 105: ...s from that file are shown Similarly a user can create a personalised workspace so that only parameters and reports relevant to them will be shown Initially only the workspaces shown in the Workspace...

Page 106: ...and Molecular Weight measurement records will be displayed 5 Use the Record view parameters to specify what parameters will be viewed as the column headings 6 Report pages allows selection of both Ma...

Page 107: ...workspace browse for the folder and select the workspace Press Open and then OK to display the new workspace Record view With the Summary workspace selected the default parameters displayed when the...

Page 108: ...and return to the Records view Parameters with arguments Certain parameters allow specific values or arguments to be added A Dv 90 percentile can be viewed by adding Measurement Size D v and then typ...

Page 109: ...ce workspace choice and then the Report Pages tab Select the check box of the required reports and press OK Use the Move up Move down buttons to alter the screen order of the viewed reports Any report...

Page 110: ...ed in a del file in the My Documents Malvern Instruments Zetasizer Meas urement Data directory This file has the same name as the original measure ment file but with a del extension If required the de...

Page 111: ...rd see Creating an SOP below Create a new SOP by editing an existing one see Modifying an SOP later in this chapter Optimise the measurement settings by making manual measurements then extract the SOP...

Page 112: ...r interaction i e performing size and Zeta measurements in sequence with appropriate pauses or macros An example application for using the SOP player is a Temperature trend with titration measurement...

Page 113: ...the Menu bar This will open an existing SOP Selecting the Existing SOP icon from the toolbar This will open an exist ing SOP Selecting a measurement record then selecting Edit Extract SOP from the Me...

Page 114: ...pped through by using the navigation buttons the up down keys on the keyboard or selecting directly from the record list Most of the SOP dialogues are common to all measurement types other SOP dialogu...

Page 115: ...of the sample material to be set The refractive index and absorption can be entered for the material used This is a common dialogue for all SOPs with unique features dependent upon the measurement typ...

Page 116: ...not available when performing a manual measurement This is a common dialogue for all SOPs Measurement Advanced Use the Advanced dialogue to alter the cell and attenuator position settings Measurement...

Page 117: ...tware packages such as Excel or Wordpad This is a common dialogue for all SOPs Trend Sequence Enables the selection of the temperature trend parameters i e start and end temperatures and intervals bet...

Page 118: ...e fol lowing pages under the Measurement type selected e g Size SOPs When all the SOP settings have been completed select File Save or press the Save icon and enter a name and save the new SOP Menu it...

Page 119: ...ub menu where a temperature trend can be selected to measure against Size Melting Point measurements can be performed using the Trend measure ment type When selected the content of the SOP tree menu c...

Page 120: ...Size SOP Editor menu is Sample The components of the dialogue are Sample name The name entered here should be a description of the sample being measured If no name is entered the sample name entry in...

Page 121: ...tted as a function of the size of the material for example to study its effect Once in the record the parameter will be available for selection for both the workspace and Records view and for data exp...

Page 122: ...ssing the button displays the Material properties manager where these properties can be defined Materials Manager From the list displayed an available material can be selected from the list for inclus...

Page 123: ...s less than 1 Sample Solvent The Zetasizer software requires certain information about the physical properties of the dispersant that is used in the sample that is to be measured Selecting the Sample...

Page 124: ...natively create multiple dispersants with varying viscosity values the dispersant name containing the temperature for that viscosity e g Propanol 25C Note Viscosity is temperature dependent The Malver...

Page 125: ...many reference books and the help file the Molecular weight M can be determined Once entered both a Molecular weight calculation and Size measurement will be available for display Sample viscosity opt...

Page 126: ...equilibrate before the measurement is started Equilibration time adds a delay before the start of each measurement to ensure the sample temperature is equal to the cell area temperature The delay sta...

Page 127: ...nding them of this cell type when the SOP is run Measurement This dialogue allows the duration of the measurement to be defined and to make multiple measurements of the same sample Measurement duratio...

Page 128: ...me then the sample preparation method should be reconsidered as large particles may be dis rupting the measurement Measurements This option allows a sample to be measured more than once to investigate...

Page 129: ...is useful to give details that will allow measurements to be made correctly and consistently e g The SOP creator may give comments that inform that this SOP should only be used for certain batches of...

Page 130: ...e will allow an appropriate analysis model to be applied and so optimise the measurement calculation Size ranges and measurement thresholds can be applied to the analysis to filter spurious peaks out...

Page 131: ...tribution of latices then select this model Load Analysis settings This enables a previously saved analysis model to be loaded and used for the data processing These are saved as dass files The last s...

Page 132: ...s OK to exit the dialogue and use the analysis model the new analysis model name will now be displayed in the Analysis model entry box on the Data Processing dialogue Note If no name has been given th...

Page 133: ...ilable One to enable a report to be printed after each measurement is completed and the other to print out a report after all measurements have been completed For each select the Print report check bo...

Page 134: ...completion of the measurement Select the required Export template from the list this will display the export dialogues described in Chapter 10 Refer to this chapter for full details on creating the ex...

Page 135: ...ize SOP section Sample Material Please refer to the Sample Material description in the Size SOP section for details Sample Solvent The Zetasizer software requires certain information about the physica...

Page 136: ...Simple dispersant or solvent or a Complex solvent Please refer to the Sample Dispersant description in the Size SOP section for details Sample Standard The Zetasizer software requires certain informa...

Page 137: ...oluene The standard properties can be added modified and deleted in the same way as detailed for the Solvent Manager above Sample General Options Molecular weight by Static Light Scattering Input here...

Page 138: ...re description in the Size SOP section Cells are listed that are appropriate to molecular weight measurements Measurement The Measurement dialogue allows the duration of the measurement to be set and...

Page 139: ...the option to adjust the variation factors that are used in determining the length of an automatic duration measurement as detailed in the Measurement dialogue above The measurement process takes a s...

Page 140: ...these systematic variations to be ignored during the measurement process therefore allowing a quicker measurement to be performed The default variation factors are Ratio of systematic to statistical...

Page 141: ...Please refer to the Measurement description in the Size SOP sections for details of the Measurement duration settings Partial Results If it is likely that a measurement will not produce a correlation...

Page 142: ...haracteristics are already known about the sample being measured this dialogue will allow an appropriate analysis model to be applied and so optimise the measurement calculation Please refer to the Da...

Page 143: ...SOPs are the same as the standard Size SOPs the only differences being the inclusion of External Input SOP dialogues These are described below The Delay volume is the volume of liquid contained in the...

Page 144: ...required and adjust the units to suit Time or Volume The Run duration value determines the length of each individual measurement within the experiment Flow settings Flow rate Input the flow rate of t...

Page 145: ...Trend SOPs are similar to the standard size and Zeta SOPs the differences being the inclusion of a trend and altered measurement dialogues Melting Point SOPs Melting point measurements can be perform...

Page 146: ...rn to Start temperature If this check box is selected once the melting point has been determined the measurement will return to the original starting temperature defined above Temperature Interval Num...

Page 147: ...the cell position to be checked and verified before each individual measurement is performed This option is not available with the melting point dialogue Please refer to the Measurement description in...

Page 148: ...a manufacturer is producing the same type of sample in different factories It will be important that the measurement protocol is consistent between factories An SOP can be created and copied into the...

Page 149: ...Introduction This chapter contains the following advanced features and capabilities of the Zetasizer V Solvent builder SOP player Averaging results Editing the result Exporting the results Flow mode...

Page 150: ...s used for Size or Molecular weight SOPs calculating the viscosity and refractive index for non standard solvents The calculations operate using the assumption that changes in the base solvent propert...

Page 151: ...crements will be added to the table with the total solvent viscosity and refractive index or die lectric constant calculated and displayed in the Summary area If any additive needs to be deleted from...

Page 152: ...sed and the measurement allowed to be continue performing measurements in sequence with appropriate pauses or macros An example application for using the SOP player is a Temperature trend with titrati...

Page 153: ...ves a modified playlist under a different file name Cuts the selected action s out of the playlist It can then be pasted to the end of the playlist Copies the selected action s in the playlist It can...

Page 154: ...rformed can be viewed by selecting the Log sheet tab whilst the playlist can be viewed by selecting the Player tab All other functions of the Measurement display are as previously described in the man...

Page 155: ...ogram select the Run Macro icon The dialogue below is displayed Select the required Macro from the list and click Open The Macro file path will be added into the entry box The Macro will be identified...

Page 156: ...add a temperature change or setting between each playlist action select the Set temperature icon This will add a Temperature action into the playlist with the properties displayed alongside Alter the...

Page 157: ...playlist otherwise when the playlist finishes the temperature will stay at the last value requested Result averaging What is the average result of a selection of records Highlight the required record...

Page 158: ...s This option allows measurements to be reanalysed without the need for the instrument to be connected Select the menu item Edit Edit result or right click on a measurement record and select Edit Resu...

Page 159: ...instantly be reanalysed and the result added to the Record view Editing a Flow mode result When a flow mode result is selected for editing a flow mode plot dialogue will be displayed This will allow...

Page 160: ...ported as a text file This file can then be loaded into a Word document or a spreadsheet A template is used to specify which record parameters are exported The Tools Settings Data export templates dia...

Page 161: ...can then be pasted into another application The File options selection box will be greyed out when this option is chosen Export all records will export the complete measurement file whereas Export sel...

Page 162: ...templates can be created or existing ones modified by selecting Tools Settings Data exports templates and using the associated dialogue shown here Two export templates are supplied as standard Cumula...

Page 163: ...selecting a parameter and using the Move up or Move Down buttons Press OK to exit and return to the Configure export templates dialogue Press OK again to save the template Parameters with arguments C...

Page 164: ...include use as a chromatography detector and a process monitor Chromatography detector When connected to a chromatography column the Zetasizer V acts as a sensitive light scattering detector simultane...

Page 165: ...By default the Z average mean trace is always displayed on the left y axis with a second selectable parameter displayed on the right y axis Right clicking on the y axis text allows other available tr...

Page 166: ...ctly from the drop down menu and perform the action With the drop down menu showing the Peak trace highlighter hold the appropriate control key down to perform the action The actions available are Nam...

Page 167: ...ity trace is displayed Remove Peak Sections of the chromatogram can be removed from the flow mode plot To remove a part of the chromatogram highlight a section by dragging the mouse over the graph the...

Page 168: ...romatogram summary report The features of the Peaks tab are Peaks identified box this shows all the peaks identified in the measurement and plot Selecting a peak will display its details in the accomp...

Page 169: ...soft ware to be installed and to configure the default folder for saving of data The Options dialogue enables extra features and programs for the Zetasizer software to be installed and to configure th...

Page 170: ...open a Browse for Folder dialogue select the new destination directory and press OK When the file path used is different to the default the second button alongside will turn blue pressing the button w...

Page 171: ...ed Are you sure you want to delete the selected macro Feature keys This page allows additional features of the Zetasizer software to be enabled using a licence key Extra features available include Res...

Page 172: ...to be saved even if the measurement is aborted before the measurement has finished collecting and analysing the data Instrument type This dialogue provides the option to select which instrument type...

Page 173: ...y be given about how to rectify a poor measurement Explanation In the above example Size and Molecular weight measurements have been selected The quantity of records selected is indicated in the measu...

Page 174: ...be indicated in the measurement type title line e g Record 39 Note An Expert Advice tab is also available in the Measurement display This enables the quality of the measurement to be inspected as it...

Page 175: ...ll be sufficient for most users These are identified with M appended to the name e g Intensity PSD M This chapter covers An overview of screen and page layout views what a report contains and how to s...

Page 176: ...hanges to paper size portrait landscape orientation and margins For the screen layout the screen size can be changed Report contents The report can contain one or more of any of the following elements...

Page 177: ...Copy and Paste allow copying and pasting of text and graphics from other programs The toolbar buttons have the same function Undo and Redo for undoing or repeating commands respec tively Opening an ex...

Page 178: ...command on the Report Designer menu Use the following buttons on the palette to add the listed elements to a report To add an element 1 Click one of the above buttons 2 Move the cursor away from the p...

Page 179: ...ow Setting up the report elements Set the properties of any added element by selecting it and double clicking to open the Properties dialogue box The on line help in these dialogues details how to use...

Page 180: ...ed the file this means that when the file is updated the contents of the report change too Parameter Use the Parameter tool to display measurement variables such as Dv90 SOP Name etc The parameter Pro...

Page 181: ...e its Properties dialogue to select the frame style etched raised sunken etc or change its colour Horizontal and vertical lines can be inserted into the report to divide sections To stop a frame overl...

Page 182: ...Applications VBA Select the browse icon to choose functions from the library lists which can be used to build up calculations All details about a measurement and how it was per formed can be accessed...

Page 183: ...axes Size graphs The following size graphs can be inserted Result This shows the size result of the measurement It can be displayed in different ways using its Properties box Correlogram Displays the...

Page 184: ...ies dialogue general This dialogue allows the attributes of the graph to be altered Display or Option Depending on the graph type inserted Display or Option will appear in the Properties dialogue The...

Page 185: ...a parameter dialogue Use the Against area to select the X axis parameter Line styles Select Configure Line styles to display a line styles dialogue This enables each measurement result line in a graph...

Page 186: ...and mini mum of a group of selected measurement records The statistics shown on the table can be altered using the Properties dialogue Molecular weight tables The following Molecular weight table can...

Page 187: ...ng elements To select one element click on it To select multiple elements hold down the Shift or Ctrl key and click the mouse button on each element in turn Alternatively hold the left mouse but ton d...

Page 188: ...the Report Pages directory It must be in this location if it is to be available for inclusion in a workspace Reports are saved with the default file extension pag If the report was designed solely in...

Page 189: ...d page versions of each report will be saved in the My Documents Malvern Instruments Zetasizer Reports directory An easy way to create a screen report from a page report or vice versa is to use Edit S...

Page 190: ...tion shown on a report The printed copy of a report shows the software version number and instrument serial number at the bottom of the page This is important information if a call is made to the Malv...

Page 191: ...estimated The Protein Utility enables the calculation of the Molecular weight and also provides other calculation tools To access the Protein utilities select Tools Utilities Protein utilities The fo...

Page 192: ...ers required for the calculation on the result This in turn will determine the accuracy of the instrumentation required to measure each parameter for example the sample refractive index required to ca...

Page 193: ...Graph properties dialogue will appear refer to the Size measurements Graph section in Chapter 5 for details in altering the attributes Note The Debye plot uses the reduced Rayleigh scattering equatio...

Page 194: ...can be subsequently altered by changing the Sample Data and System parameters in the measurement parameters table on the right of the dialogue These parameters are described in the following section...

Page 195: ...e index of the solvent used Solvent count rate Kcounts The count rate used to calculate the Rayleigh ratio R is the residual count rate which is derived by subtracting the solvent count rate from the...

Page 196: ...The results displayed are MW kDa Molecular weight Shows the measured weight of a molecule within the sample expressed in atomic mass units indicated in kiloDaltons It is calculated from the intercept...

Page 197: ...upled with Perrin theory below that allows particle shape information to be extracted from DLS measurements Once the Molecular weight either measured or estimated and the specific volume are known the...

Page 198: ...e frictional coefficient for a sphere with the same mass as the particle being measured DH Hydrodynamic diameter The diameter as measured via DLS DMass The diameter by mass This is calculated from the...

Page 199: ...an estimate of the Molecular weight is required then it can by derived by utilising a relationship between the Hydrodynamic radius and the molecule conformation To find the Molecular weight estimate...

Page 200: ...concentration and scattering levels that may be observed from the sample Enter the values from the measurement into the table On entering each value press the return key afterwards and the results tab...

Page 201: ...y inputting the measurement data in the list on the right in this dialogue Enter the values from the measurement into the table and press Plot the graph will update to show the values entered To see t...

Page 202: ...Chapter 12 Protein Utilities Page 12 12 MAN 0428...

Page 203: ...easurements using a process called Dynamic Light Scattering DLS Dynamic Light Scattering also known as PCS Photon Correlation Spectroscopy measures Brownian motion and relates this to the size of the...

Page 204: ...es are constantly moving due to Brownian motion Brownian motion is the movement of particles due to the random collision with the molecules of the liquid that surrounds the particle An important featu...

Page 205: ...as good as at t t The correlation is therefore reducing with time Now consider the intensity of the signal at t with the intensity at a much later time the two signals will have no relation to each o...

Page 206: ...quickly the intensity of the speckle pattern will also fluctuate quickly The graph below shows the correlation function for large and small particles As can be seen the rate of decay for the correlati...

Page 207: ...hows the result as a number distribution As expected the two peaks are of the same size 1 1 as there are equal number of particles The second graph shows the result as a volume distribution The area o...

Page 208: ...sure the intensity of the scattered light As a particle scatters light in all directions it is in theory possible to place the detector in any position and it will still detect the scattering ill 8332...

Page 209: ...es of higher concentration the amount of scattered light must be decreased This is achieved by using the attenuator to reduce the amount of laser light that passes through to the sample The appropriat...

Page 210: ...Chapter 13 Size theory Page 13 8 MAN 0428...

Page 211: ...solution In a similar way to Dynamic Light Scattering the Size theory in Chapter 13 the particles in a sample are illuminated by a light source such as a laser with the particles scattering the light...

Page 212: ...n describes the intensity of light scattered from a particle in solution The Rayleigh equation is R The Rayleigh ratio the ratio of scattered light to incident light of the sample MW Sample Molecular...

Page 213: ...leigh ratio of Toluene can be found in many reference books but for reference purposes the expression used to calculate the sample Rayleigh ratio from a toluene standard is given below IA Residual sca...

Page 214: ...lecular measurement weight range is from a few hundred g mol to 500 000 for linear polymers and over 20 000 000 for near spherical polymers and proteins The Debye plot The intensity of scattered light...

Page 215: ...ments from just the solvent used a zero concentration measurement through sample preparations of various concentrations The diagram below shows how the Molecular weight and 2nd Virial Coefficient are...

Page 216: ...Chapter 14 Molecular Weight theory Page 14 6 MAN 0428...

Page 217: ...Part 3 Appendices...

Page 218: ......

Page 219: ...ser 50mW 830nm Temperature range 2 C to 90 C 0 1 C Weight 14kg Dimensions W D H 350mm x 410mm x 170mm Power 90V 260V AC 50 60Hz 100W Dry air 100kPa 1bar 4mm o d tubing Computer interface USB Measureme...

Page 220: ...within the cuvette or cell used all components within the cell area will only come into contact with the sample if spillage occurs The materials list below details all components that may comes into c...

Page 221: ...Specification Appendix A Zetasizer V Page A 3 Cells and Cuvettes Refer to the descriptions in Chapter 4 for the materials used for each of the availa ble cells...

Page 222: ...Appendix A Specification Page A 4 MAN 0428...

Page 223: ...r V Page B 1 B Unpacking instructions Appendix B of the Zetasizer V series User Manual MAN0425 Issue 3 1 D ballez l instrument Auspacken des Gerates Desempaquetado del aparato Desempacotamento do inst...

Page 224: ...e houver qualquer sinal de embalagem danificada 2 Cut through the plastic bonding straps D coupez les courroies d attache en plastique Die Kunststoffb nder durchschneiden Cortar las tiras de sujeci n...

Page 225: ...Remove all other packages from the carton and unwrap these Sortez tous les autres paquets du carton et d ballez les S mtliche andere Pakete aus dem Karton nehmen und auspacken Retirar todos los dem s...

Page 226: ...stellen Ein seitliches Aufliegen besch digt die Abdeckungen Se debe colocar siempre el aparato sobre sus patas Depositarlo de costado da ar a las cubiertas Coloque sempre o instrumento na vertical sob...

Page 227: ...ould it become necessary to move the system from one laboratory to another read the information in this appendix to correctly reconnect the system Changing the computer It may be company policy to per...

Page 228: ...e earth Make all computer connections mouse keyboard power etc by following the instructions provided with your computer Installation options If purge air is required connect to the purge air port on...

Page 229: ...Installation Appendix C Zetasizer V Page C 3 Note If the software is subsequently updated with a new version any custom reports parameter settings SOPs etc will be preserved...

Page 230: ...Appendix C Installation Page C 4 MAN 0428...

Page 231: ...product it must not be treated as general waste Instead it shall be handed over to the appropriate facility for the recovery and recycling of electrical and electronic equipment By not discarding this...

Page 232: ...ed operation Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable p...

Page 233: ...could void your authority to operate this equipment This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES 003 Cet appareil num rique de la classe A est conforme la norme NMB 003 du Canada VCCI ac...

Page 234: ...Appendix D Regulatory Statements Page D 4 MAN 0428...

Page 235: ...Model 9 21 Append to file 9 24 Appendices 1 2 Arguments 8 6 10 15 11 7 Atomic weights 2 3 Attenuator 6 5 9 32 13 7 Attenuator index 5 7 Audit trails 7 1 Automatic duration 9 29 Avogadro s constant 14...

Page 236: ...2 Dry air supply 3 7 Dust filtration algorithm 6 4 Dynamic Light Scattering 2 2 13 1 E Edit result 3 13 Editing a group security 7 4 Editing a result 10 11 Editing a user security 7 5 Editing the resu...

Page 237: ...ent type 10 24 Intensity Size 4 17 Intensity distributions 13 5 Intensity PSD Molecular weight 4 18 Size 4 17 Intercept 5 8 Interlock Laser safety 3 9 K KC Rq 14 4 L Laser class A 1 Laser safety 3 9 L...

Page 238: ...A 1 Molecular weight SOPs 9 25 Moving the instrument C 1 Multiple Narrow Modes 9 21 Multi view Tab 4 15 4 17 4 18 Flow mode 4 19 N Naming convention 1 3 Navigation 8 8 Navigation toolbar 3 19 New SOP...

Page 239: ...al SOP 9 12 Sample Solvent SOP 9 25 Sample Standard SOP 9 26 Sample Temperature SOP 9 16 9 28 Sample Size 9 10 Sample SOP 9 5 Sample concentration 6 1 Sample name 9 10 Sample preparation 4 3 6 1 6 2 S...

Page 240: ...ral Options Molecular weight 9 27 Sample General Options Size 9 15 Sample Material 9 5 Sample Material Molecular weight 9 25 Sample Material Size 9 12 Sample Solvent Molecular weight 9 25 Sample Stand...

Page 241: ...on 4 2 U Ultrasonics 6 2 Units conversion 3 22 5 3 5 5 Unpacking instructions B 1 USB cable C 2 User groups 7 1 7 4 Username 7 5 Users security 7 5 V Variation factors 9 30 VCCI acceptance D 3 View me...

Page 242: ...Page viii MAN 0428 Index Zetasizer V...

Page 243: ......

Page 244: ...132 01 Malvern Instruments Limited Enigma Business Park Grovewood Road Malvern Worcs WR14 1XZ U K Tel 44 0 1684 892456 Fax 44 0 1684 892789 www malvern com user manual V zetasizer Malvern user manual...

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