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Ethernet Disk RAID

Network RAID Storage System

user manual      manuel utilisateur      guída utente      handbuch      

manual de instrucciones      gebruikershandleiding      

ユーザー マニュアル

Summary of Contents for 301161U - Ethernet Disk RAID NAS Server

Page 1: ...Ethernet Disk RAID Network RAID Storage System user manual manuel utilisateur gu da utente handbuch manual de instrucciones gebruikershandleiding...

Page 2: ...rting the Console 17 4 3 Initializing the Disks 18 4 4 Configuring with the First Use Wizard 19 4 5 USB Devices 22 4 5 1 Attaching USB Devices 22 4 5 2 Disconnecting USB Devices 22 5 Managing Your LaC...

Page 3: ...s 75 6 1 3 Mac Users 77 6 2 Accessing Shared Folders Using FTP 78 6 3 Disconnecting from Shared Folders 79 6 3 1 Windows Users 79 6 3 2 Linux Users 80 6 3 3 Mac OS X Users 80 6 3 4 Other Mac Users 80...

Page 4: ...ction 120 8 Troubleshooting 121 8 1 Troubleshooting the Ethernet Disk RAID 121 8 2 Troubleshooting Windows Backup Software 124 8 3 Creating a Diagnostic File 126 8 3 1 Using Windows Backup Software 12...

Page 5: ...uipment Regulations FCC Statement This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following conditions The devices may not cause harmful interference The devices must ac...

Page 6: ...modify it Never insert any metallic object into the drive to avoid any risk of electrical shock fire short circuiting or dangerous emissions Your LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID contains no user ser viceabl...

Page 7: ...1 000 000 000 000 bytes Once formatted the actual available storage capacity varies depending on operating environment typically 5 10 less In addition the amount of used backup capacity will be great...

Page 8: ...thernet Disk RAID features an integrated file server with system backup and ability to manage shared folders by user names or groups It can connect to a giga bit Ethernet network and support up to fou...

Page 9: ...ies CD ROM includes Windows Backup Software User Manual and Quick Install Guide LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID Restore CD LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID Quick Install Guide printed version 1 3 2 4 2 User Manual W...

Page 10: ...rement Web Browser Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 0 or above Firefox 1 06 or above Network Environment TCP IP networking environment with smb and ftp protocols no AFP Operating Systems for Folder Acces...

Page 11: ...twork Connection 2 Link LED Blinking green indicates Ethernet activity 4 Network Connection 2 Activity LED Con tinuous GREEN indicates an active Ethernet connection Off indicates no active Ethernet co...

Page 12: ...g YELLOW indicates 1 one or more hard disks are experiencing a fault condition or 2 a RAID is being rebuilt 1 3 1 4 1 2 7 8 10 9 8 System Status LED Continuous GREEN indicates the system is running an...

Page 13: ...rt 2 Gigabit Ethernet connec tion The right LED lights up GREEN when connected to a 10 100 MB network and OR ANGE when connected to a gigabit network 5 Gigabit LAN Port 1 Gigabit Ethernet connec tion...

Page 14: ...install it 3 1 Connecting the Ethernet Disk RAID to the Network To connect the Ethernet Disk RAID to your net work insert one end of the RJ 45 Ethernet cable into the Ethernet port 1 on the back of t...

Page 15: ...hen the sys tem has finished booting up the System Status LED and Disk Status LED will remain green The System Status LED will turn solid yellow when you power up the system for the first time indicat...

Page 16: ...g Your LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID Follow the steps below to configure your Ethernet Disk RAID Step 1 Installing the Ethernet Disk RAID Console Page 16 Step 2 Starting the Console Page 17 Step 3 Initiali...

Page 17: ...console At a computer in the same subnet as your Ethernet Disk RAID insert the installation CD into a CD ROM drive Your default browser will open a LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID page Select Applications f...

Page 18: ...On Storage System Manager If your Ethernet Disk RAID uses both available ports to connect to the network you can select either item If your Ethernet Disk RAID has not yet been initialized the System...

Page 19: ...d disks When this process is complete the Ethernet Disk RAID will restart Close the browser window After the system has restarted you can perform initial configuration as described in section 4 4 Conf...

Page 20: ...ernet Disk RAID Console and start it as described in section 4 2 Starting the Con sole In the left pane click the name of the Ethernet Disk RAID If you re using both Ethernet ports the name of the Eth...

Page 21: ...default subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 To accept the default settings click Next Otherwise specify the desired settings and then click Next When you click Next the Disk Configuration page appears see F...

Page 22: ...the configuration is complete the system restarts After the Ethernet Disk RAID restarts you can ac cess the Manager add users and create shared fold ers For more information refer to section 5 1 Acce...

Page 23: ...4 5 1 Attaching USB Devices 4 5 2 Disconnecting USB Devices Fig 4 5 2 Technical note If you inadvertently disconnect a USB device unplug it from the Ethernet Disk RAID plug it back in and then click...

Page 24: ...to the latest version Disconnecting USB Devices If you re using op tional USB devices you must disconnect them using the Manager before you physically unplug them 5 Managing Your LaCie Ethernet Disk R...

Page 25: ...kly and easily access it the next time Log in to the Manager see in section 5 2 Logging In to the Manager 1 2 Technical note You can use the system name only if your computer is in the same sub net as...

Page 26: ...id Open Safari Enter the number in the URL field e g https fs_ 000e0cb03872 Press return The Ethernet Disk RAID Web Man ager opens in Safari 1 2 3 5 1 3 Mac Users without DHCP Server The Ethernet Disk...

Page 27: ...ange any of the Ethernet Disk RAID settings To log in to the Manager When the security alert appears click Yes The Login page appears Enter the administrator user name and password Click Log In The de...

Page 28: ...n 5 4 Managing Users Shared Folders Displays a list of all currently configured shared folders and lets you add shared folders change which users can access them and remove them For more information r...

Page 29: ...number of net worked computers backup clients that have backed up one or more disks on the Ethernet Disk RAID Fig 5 3 1 5 3 2 Connection Status Tab The Connection Status Tab Displays a list of the Mi...

Page 30: ...ld add at least one user and authorize that user to access that shared folder and not authorize the guest user to access it Adding a user for each individual or computer in your network provides flexi...

Page 31: ...s Mac OS X user CIFS or Linux Other Mac user NFS 1 2 3 Fig 5 4 1 B Technical note Linux users and Mac users who are not using OS X access shared fold ers using the Network File System NFS In this envi...

Page 32: ...ame of the person who typically uses the computer or any other description that you want to provide to identify the computer in the Users list This description can be up to 15 characters long The IP a...

Page 33: ...to connect to a shared folder For Linux and other Mac users you can change the IP address or computer name but not the computer de scription Changing this information immediately dis connects that com...

Page 34: ...e fold er is automatically deleted If you re removing the user simply to change the person s user name you might want to have the user copy any data from this folder to another location to ensure that...

Page 35: ...rship but not add modify or remove groups Those actions can be done only on the Active Directory server Fig 5 4 4 5 4 4 1 Adding a Group Fig 5 4 4 1 5 4 4 Working with Groups In local authentication m...

Page 36: ...you want to add and then click Add Selected User s Remove all users from the group Click Remove All Users All users move from the Group members list to the Avail able users list Remove selected users...

Page 37: ...ives group she continues to have read write access to that folder until she disconnects or shuts down her computer The next time she connects she continues to have access to the shared folder since sh...

Page 38: ...from the Available users list to the Group members list Add selected users to the group In the Available users list select the user s that you want to add and then click Add Selected User s Remove all...

Page 39: ...er On the other hand if the Executives group had read write access to the Budget shared folder but Alice had read only access when you remove the group Bob and Carlos no longer have access to the Budg...

Page 40: ...e system In addition each user s password can be no longer than 24 characters If you use Active Directory authentication mode you must add any Mac OS X users to your Active Directory server in order t...

Page 41: ...ion 5 5 1 Cre ating Shared Folders If you are currently using local authentication mode the Active Directory Server page displays See figure 5 4 5 1 B In the Primary server IP address text box enter t...

Page 42: ...Active Directory Administrator Login page dis plays See figure 5 4 5 1 E 10 11 12 Technical note The name of the organi zational unit cannot contain a slash For example if the name is Sales Marketing...

Page 43: ...become a trusted member and communicate directly with that server It is used only when setting up this relationship In the Password text box enter the password asso ciated with the specified user name...

Page 44: ...or group to the Active Direc tory server you can use the Active Directory Properties page to synchronize the storage system and Active Di rectory server immediately You should also do this if a user s...

Page 45: ...ust reside in the same domain as the primary server The user name or password for browsing the Active Directory tree In the User name text box enter the name of a user who has privileges to access the...

Page 46: ...rs and files there 5 5 1 Creating Shared Folders By default the LaCie Ethernet Disk RAID includes a shared folder named public In local authentication mode all Windows and Mac OS X users are automati...

Page 47: ...hared folders one for home folders and one for backups The maximum amount of a shared folder space is 2 TB 1 TB 1024 GB The minimum space requirement is 200 MB You can allocate more space now or accep...

Page 48: ...e list of authorized users or if you change the user s access rights the change does not take effect until that user disconnects from the shared folder or USB disk or shuts down the computer To change...

Page 49: ...hared Folder Access Options To accomplish this Do this Allow selected users access to the shared folder or USB disk In the Unauthorized users list select the user s who should be able to access the sh...

Page 50: ...Shared Folders In the Shared folders list select the shared folder that you want to delete Click Delete When prompted to confirm the deletion click OK The shared folder no longer appears in the Shared...

Page 51: ...ry CD refer to section 7 9 3 Recovering a System Disk Using the Recovery CD For information about booting remotely refer to section 7 9 4 Recovering a System Disk While Booting Remotely For booting re...

Page 52: ...m an earlier backup but no matter which backup you boot from you can recover only the latest backup To configure remote boot In the navigation bar click Backups In the Computer name list in the Remote...

Page 53: ...delete all backups of a disk In the navigation bar click Backups Select the radio button adjacent to the disk whose backups you want to delete in the second Select column Click Delete Backup When prom...

Page 54: ...the left of the computer whose backups and computer name you want to de lete from the Ethernet Disk RAID in the first Se lect column Click Delete Client When prompted to confirm the deletion click OK...

Page 55: ...least one e mail address If you clear this option e mail notifications will not be sent and all the related fields on this page appear dimmed However if you previously entered infor mation on this pag...

Page 56: ...notifications when a problem occurs The e mail address can be up to 128 characters long and must include the symbol for example MyName My Company com 8 If you want e mail notifications to be sent to o...

Page 57: ...ade When the confirmation message appears click OK 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fig 5 7 2 CAUTION When you upgrade the firm ware the Ethernet Disk RAID restarts and ac cess to the Manager is temporarily interrupted In...

Page 58: ...all USB devices that are currently attached to the Ethernet Disk RAID USB disks are identified by the names usbdisk1 and usbdisk2 These names cannot be changed To unplug a USB device from the Etherne...

Page 59: ...ministrator name and password to use for logging in to the Manager as well as the password to use for protect ing local disks To change any of the system settings In the navigation bar click Advanced...

Page 60: ...and second In the Time zone list select the desired time zone Network Time Protocol NTP server name or IP address In the NTP server name or IP address text box enter the name or IP address of the NTP...

Page 61: ...ws or Mac OS X users to use a Web browser to access the public folder They can also access their personal folder that was cre ated automatically when their user name was added as described in section...

Page 62: ...uses a specified IP address rather than obtaining one from the DHCP server enter the IP address of the default router in the Gateway IP address text boxes This is typically the same IP address as the...

Page 63: ...and subnet mask in the subsequent text boxes Then select the Enable DHCP server check box enter the beginning IP address in the Start ing IP address text boxes and enter the last IP address in the End...

Page 64: ...a more quickly However you can select this option only if your net work Ethernet switch and the network interface cards NICs on the computers in your network support the specified packet size To deter...

Page 65: ...to the Ethernet Disk RAID but is not currently being used Spare The disk is acting as a spare disk for the RAID Rebuilding The disk is being rebuilt for exam ple when a failed disk is replaced N A Th...

Page 66: ...locate the least amount of space for shared folders until all the computer disks that you plan to protect have been backed up To expand the amount of disk space allocated for shared folders In the nav...

Page 67: ...default disk configura tion which will provide the best level of data pro tection available for the number of hard disks cur rently installed click Next By default a linear disk 1 2 3 4 5 Fig 5 7 6 2...

Page 68: ...r the number of gi gabytes to allocate for shared folders the minimum is 1 GB Then click Finish 7 When the confirmation message appears click OK The screen displays the progress of the process see Fig...

Page 69: ...y which you can change as described in section 5 7 5 Network the IP address es of the DNS servers in your network the network settings of your ports several of which you can change as described in sec...

Page 70: ...d resolve any problems that you might encounter Fig 5 7 8 To view event information In the navigation bar click Advanced In the left pane click System Log The System Log page displays the date and tim...

Page 71: ...ick Shut Down A message appears indicating that the system is shutting down Once the Ethernet Disk RAID shuts down if you refresh the browser window it will be blank If you sub sequently try to access...

Page 72: ...If you change the IP address of the Ethernet Disk RAID users who accessed the shared folders using the previous IP address will be disconnected and must repeat the procedures described here using the...

Page 73: ...ect to this shared folder each time you log on to Windows select Reconnect at logon If you clear this option you must repeat this proce dure each time you want to access the shared folder Click Finish...

Page 74: ...ne displays a tree view of all the storage devices it found see Fig 6 1 1 2 B Each Ethernet Disk RAID has two ports for con necting to the network If your Ethernet Disk RAID uses both ports two items...

Page 75: ...rs with the name of the folder installed see Fig 6 1 1 2 D The exact appearance of this dialog box varies de pending on your operating system In the Drive list select the drive letter that you want to...

Page 76: ...wing command showmount e storage_system where storage_system is the IP address of the Eth ernet Disk RAID Mount the desired shared folder by entering the fol lowing command mount storage_system nas NA...

Page 77: ...f the directory Be sure to include the full path to the directory for ex ample mnt my_directory 2 If desired display a list of all the available shares and services by entering the following command s...

Page 78: ...Repeat steps 1 through 4 for each shared folder that you want to access To access the shared folder double click the icon on the desktop 1 2 3 4 5 6 Technical note You can use the system name only if...

Page 79: ...s bar and press Enter ftp user_name storage_system where user_name is the user name as defined on the Ethernet Disk RAID and storage_system is the name or IP address of the Ethernet Disk RAID for exam...

Page 80: ...m puter or Windows Explorer 1 2 change will not take effect until the user shuts down the computer The procedure for disconnecting from a shared fold er varies depending on the operating system used b...

Page 81: ...would unmount it using the follow ing command umount my_directory If you included an absolute path when mounting the shared folder such as mnt my_directory use the same path when unmounting it 6 3 3...

Page 82: ...oldest backup is automatically deleted each time a new backup is per formed To ensure that valuable storage space isn t used up by duplicate data when Windows Backup Software per forms each subsequen...

Page 83: ...re is installed must have the following Technical note A CD ROM drive is not required for installation if an image of the CD is accessible via a network server Important Info For information about dow...

Page 84: ...e of underscores _ in the computer name If your computer name included this char acter and you protected a disk you must remove protection from all disks as described in section 7 9 5 Removing Protect...

Page 85: ...tiator Windows Backup Software will configure it for you auto matically 7 1 4 Installing Windows Backup Software You must install Windows Backup Software on each computer whose local disks you want to...

Page 86: ...Fig 7 1 4 C appears Click Yes to install this component You cannot install Windows Backup Software without first in stalling Microsoft NET Framework 1 1 When you click Yes the setup utility for Micro...

Page 87: ...lick OK and then click Next Fig 7 1 4 E Important Info It is strongly recom mended that you install Windows Backup Soft ware on the partition that you boot from that is where Windows is installed typi...

Page 88: ...tically When you click OK on the confirmation message the Protect a Disk wizard starts For information about this wizard refer to section 7 2 Protecting Your Disks If your Internet connection is tempo...

Page 89: ...o section 7 2 Protecting Your Disks If you already protected a disk the application win dow in Fig 7 1 5 appears The Status page displays the name of the disk that you protected as well as related inf...

Page 90: ...ise you will not be able to perform backups or recovery If your Internet connection was temporarily down your license will be activated automatically the next time you run Windows Backup Software with...

Page 91: ...license file back to the shared folder floppy disk or USB disk If you did not save the file to a shared folder take the floppy disk or USB disk back to the computer where Client Backup and Recovery i...

Page 92: ...partition If your computer has multiple hard disks this list displays an item for each entire disk and an item for each partition on each disk Each partition is identified by its drive letter If you...

Page 93: ...ever if Windows Backup Software was installed on the data partition protect the entire disk rather than the individual partitions This ensures that you can remotely boot from that disk When the Add St...

Page 94: ...default See Fig 7 2 C If you want to scan the network for new Ethernet Disk RAIDs or add a new one manually click Add and repeat step 3 If you want to remove a Ethernet Disk RAID that s not valid or t...

Page 95: ...have selected the de sired backup click Next and go to the next step If you select Create a new backup and click Next you must select the desired backup location as de scribed in step 4 Fig 7 2 D Tec...

Page 96: ...e list appears dimmed Backups will occur only when you start one manually as described in section 7 3 Manually Backing Up Your Disk Fig 7 2 E Important Info Although Windows Backup Software is specifi...

Page 97: ...p and Recovery If you want to protect additional disks or partitions repeat this procedure for each one Fig 7 2 F Technical note The recovery password must be 12 16 characters long The same password i...

Page 98: ...ou might want to back up your disk right before you do that so that if any problems occur you can recover your disk to the state it was in immediately before you in stalled the application To manually...

Page 99: ...store page and any changed data that was not copied to the Ether net Disk RAID will be copied during the next backup When you stop a recovery in progress the local disk or partition is left in an inco...

Page 100: ...e Click Schedule In the Protected disk list select the disk whose backup schedule you want to change Specify when you want backups to occur For example if you want backups to occur every day select Da...

Page 101: ...ap pears whenever a backup related problem occurs for example if a scheduled backup did not occur because the Ethernet Disk RAID was not running You can close the Agent at any time However if you do...

Page 102: ...d is changed for all of them However if you backed up one disk to one Ether net Disk RAID and a different disk to a different Ethernet Disk RAID each disk can have a differ ent recovery password To ch...

Page 103: ...ifferent network interface card NIC you must first disable remote boot and then enable it again specifying the other NIC In addition after you recover a disk while booting remotely you must disable an...

Page 104: ...C that you want to use when remotely booting from the Ethernet Disk RAID 1 2 3 Fig 7 8 1 A Click Enable A message appears advising you that your network connection will be temporarily inter rupted Cli...

Page 105: ...While Booting Remotely If any problems were encountered take corrective action For example if you did not previously protect a system disk or partition do so now as described in section 7 2 Protecting...

Page 106: ...ur system disk or partition that is the disk or partition used to run the operating system you can do so using the recovery CD This is particu larly useful if the hard disk has failed and has been re...

Page 107: ...l umn Click View Backup When the confirmation message appears click OK After a few moments a window opens automatically displaying all the data associated with the selected backup You can now open the...

Page 108: ...g the specified drive letter If you open a backup view of a disk that contains multiple partitions a drive letter is assigned to each partition Windows caching can affect the content of the backup vie...

Page 109: ...overing You might want to copy any newer files that you want to keep to another disk before you recover the disk In addition in rare cases for example if your data disk contains applications like anti...

Page 110: ...uch of the recovery is complete 8 When you are prompted to restart the computer click OK You do not have to restart your computer immedi ately but you cannot access the recovered disk or partition unt...

Page 111: ...e CD initializes If you have already verified that the recovery CD supports your local hardware or if you have received a new recovery driver from your vendor wait 25 sec onds for Normal Mode to start...

Page 112: ...IP address to use from your DHCP server If the displayed settings are not the ones you want to use or if no IP address is dis played select the NIC in the list select Config spec ify the desired IP a...

Page 113: ...omain name will be append ed as well This ensures that your computer can be properly authenticated In the Storage System field enter the name or IP address of the Ethernet Disk RAID where the back ups...

Page 114: ...er of megabytes can also help you identify the right item You can also compare the disk ID with the listed backup disk IDs in the Manager as described in section 5 6 Managing Backups If you protected...

Page 115: ...tion in step 15 se lect the partition where you want to recover the data and then select Next Otherwise go to step 18 For system partitions the Active column displays Yes 17 If the selected partition...

Page 116: ...ing Protection Protect the recovered disk once again as described in section 7 2 Protecting Your Disks re using the original backup Recovery Options To accomplish this Do this Recover another disk or...

Page 117: ...operate properly Before you recover a disk while booting remotely the following criteria must be met The computer that you re remotely booting must be in the same subnet as the Ethernet Disk RAID Rem...

Page 118: ...prompted to press F1 to continue When prompted press F8 You have a limited amount of time to do this Using the arrow keys select Remote Boot Win dows and then press Enter When prompted enter the pass...

Page 119: ...al note If no backups appear in this list the backup that you booted from is not using the same recovery password as the Ethernet Disk RAID This can occur if you changed the recovery password on the E...

Page 120: ...more 17 If you changed the recovery password reset it in the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator after your computer re starts as described in section 8 4 Resetting the Re covery Password in the Microsoft iSCS...

Page 121: ...em Disk Using the Recovery CD If you subsequently want to protect the same disk or partition again you can re use the existing backups You can also delete the existing backups on the Ethernet Disk RAI...

Page 122: ...ecific IP address you might need to specify the IP address of the gateway in your network before you can successfully access the Manager using a Web browser First access the Manager using the Console...

Page 123: ...e IP address Windows users can t access shared folders using the Console unless their computers are on the same subnet as the Ethernet Disk RAID If using the Console does not work try accessing the sh...

Page 124: ...the users are using the proper address and it still doesn t work the FTP service might not be working properly Restart the Ethernet Disk RAID A package size error appears when I up grade the firmware...

Page 125: ...erwise access the storage system To check the network connection click Start Run and type cmd At the command prompt type the following ping IP_address where IP_address is the IP address of the storage...

Page 126: ...ectly configured Make sure the computer is powered on during the scheduled backup time Make sure the storage system is powered on during the scheduled backup time On the Status page make sure that the...

Page 127: ...save the file using the default file name or type the desired file name in the File name text box and then click Save If desired you can save the file in a different location Once the file has been cr...

Page 128: ...If you forget this password you can reset it on the storage system However if you do this when your sys tem is down that is while you re booting from the re covery CD or booting remotely the recovery...

Page 129: ...LAN port interface USB Two USB 2 0 connectors EMI Safety CE FCC Class B System Power 200 W power supply Operating Temperature 10 C to 35 C 50 F to 95 F Technical note If the temperature of the process...

Page 130: ...10 Network Service DHCP client server default IP address for Port 1 is 192 168 0 101 Supported Web Browsers Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 0 Firefox 1 06 or newer RAID Standard RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 5 RAI...

Page 131: ...5 spare and 10 1 0 This section will help you decide which RAID level is right for your application RAID levels effect the total available storage capac ity of the disks in the RAID array The table be...

Page 132: ...ther disks in the array So for instance if you had four disks installed ranging in capacity from 40GB to 80GB when the RAID 0 array is built your system will see one 160GB 40GB x 4 hard disk While thi...

Page 133: ...equal to the storage capacity of a single disk because the same data is duplicated on both disks However the 100 percent redundancy of data does not require a rebuild in the case of a drive failure I...

Page 134: ...an use RAID 5 only if your Ethernet Disk RAID has at least three disks If the disks are not the same size the smallest of the disks determines how much disk space is available for data For example if...

Page 135: ...functioning three You can use RAID 5 spare only if your Ethernet Disk RAID has four disks If the disks are not the same size the smallest of the disks determines how much disk space is available for d...

Page 136: ...ur disks The disks in the first two slots constitute the first pair and the disks in the second two slots constitute the second pair In each pair the smaller of the two disks is used for data and the...

Page 137: ...f memory installed Names of any other devices installed on your computer including CD DVD burners Before You Contact Technical Support Information to Include in Email Correspondence Information Where...

Page 138: ...tp www lacie com fr contact LaCie Germany Contact us at http www lacie com de contact LaCie Italy Contact us at http www lacie com it contact LaCie Japan Contact us at http www lacie com jp contact La...

Page 139: ...e and its suppliers accept no liability for any loss of data during the use of this device or for any of the problems caused as a result LaCie will not under any circumstances be liable for direct spe...

Page 140: ...ID NIC An acronym for network interface card NTP An acronym for Network Time Protocol a mechanism for synchronizing a computer s time with a standard time on a server RAID An acronym for redundant arr...

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