8.2.1.6 Calibrate Button (iQA)
The calibrate button triggers an RTF PIM calibration.
8.2.1.7 RF ON/OFF Button (iQA)
The RF ON/OFF button is used for triggering an RTF sweep. As a visual aid, this button will turn red whenever the high-
power RF carriers have been switched on. In the default state (RF OFF) this button will be green. Additional text appears
on this button to show the state of the button (RF OFF or RF ON).
8.2.1.8 F1 Tone Frequency (iQA)
The F1 tone is fixed in frequency. The frequency is user-adjustable and can be set to any value within the instrument’s Tx
band. It can be greater than or less than the F2 tone frequency.
Note that not all F1 frequencies will generate a PIM product of the desired order in the instrument’s Rx band. An error
message will appear when the associated PIM product does not fall within the applicable Rx band and the user will have
the opportunity to correct the tone placement.
8.2.1.9 F2 Tone Frequency Range
The F2 tone is swept across a range of frequencies. The frequency range is user-adjustable and can be set to any range
within the instrument’s Tx band. The range can be greater than or less than the F1 tone frequency.
Note that not all F2 frequency ranges will generate a PIM product of the desired order in the instrument’s Rx band. In
such cases the instrument will sweep the F2 tone over the widest possible bandwidth within the specified frequency range
for which a PIM product lands in the Rx band.
If the instrument cannot find any combination of frequencies that generate a PIM product in the Rx band, an error
message will appear and the user will have the opportunity to correct the tone placement.
8.2.1.10 Tone Output Powers
The default Tx tone output power is +43 dBm (20W) per tone, but the power is adjustable to as low as +33 dBm (2W) per
tone.
8.2.1.11 Maximum Range
The maximum range setting determines the largest distance at which the instrument can detect faults without error.
Note:
It is very important to choose a value of Max Range that is greater than the length of the device under test. The
accuracy of the instrument cannot be guaranteed if this condition is not met.
A good rule of thumb for the value of Max Range is:
Max Range = Estimated length of device under test + 10%.
8.2.1.12 PIM Product
PIM Product determines which intermodulation product is measured by the instrument when performing a PIM vs Distance
sweep. Two choices are available: 3rd order (IM3), or 5th order (IM5). The desired product can be manually changed at
any time. During a PIM vs Distance sweep the PIM frequency is automatically calculated, taking into account the Tx tone
frequencies, the order of the IM product and the instrument’s Rx band.
In practice, IM3 is usually the preferred product as it has the largest amplitude. However, in some cases it may be
necessary to switch to the IM5 product, for example when it is not possible to find a combination of frequencies that
generates an IM3 product in the Rx band, or when a higher resolution plot is desired.
8.2.1.13 Velocity Factor (VF)
Operating Manual
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Passive Intermodulation and Return Loss Fault Ranging Device
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