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IBM (AIX) Servers and Workstations 19

IBM (AIX) Servers and

Workstations

Determining the SCSI ID

Before you configure your system to support your drive, you need to

determine which SCSI ID to use. IDs must be unique for each device attached

to the SCSI bus. To list the existing devices, use the following command:

% lsdev -C |grep SCSI

This will produce output that looks similar to:

scsi0 Available 00-00-0S Standard SCSI I/O Controller

hdisk0 Available 00-00-0S-0 1.0 GB SCSI Disk Drive

rmt1 Defined 00-00-0S-2,0 Other SCSI Tape Drive

The SCSI ID is in the series

00-00-0S-X,0

, where

is the SCSI ID. Review

the list of existing SCSI IDs and choose an available ID to assign to the new

tape drive.

Configuring the Device Files

To install a DDS-format drive on an IBM workstation you need to create the

appropriate device files for the drive.

Note

n ot

choose the

smit

option of “

4mm2gb

” as the Tape

Device Type. This is reserved for Connor drives. If you use it

with HP drives, you will get the error “

Device to be

configured does not match the physical device

at the specified connection location

”.

To change to variable block mode, use the following procedure:

If you are using a graphics terminal

running X-Windows, then at a

Windows terminal, type:

smit tape

Summary of Contents for C1537A

Page 1: ...nce manual volume 5 unix configuration guide HP C1537A HP C1554A DDS 3 Drive 24 GB HP C1557A HP C5648A DDS 3 Autoloader 144 GB HP C5683A DDS 4 Drive 40 GB HP C5713A DDS 4 Autoloader 240 GB HP C7438A DAT 72 Drive 72 GB Edition 9 Draft 1 February 2003 Bold Header ...

Page 2: ...ght All rights reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett Packard Copyright 1994 2003 Hewlett Packard Development Company L P Note As far as this manual is concerned n the HP C1554A is identical to the HP C1537A n the HP C5648A is identical to the HP C1557A The inclusion of a particular drive or aut...

Page 3: ...nual contains information on connecting to various operating systems The information is given in good faith but since the operating systems and any upgrades that are made to them are outside Hewlett Packard s control HP cannot guarantee that the details are correct Please consult the operating system documentation in conjunction with this manual Related Documents The following documents provide ad...

Page 4: ...t Edition n DDS 4 ECMA 288 1st Edition Copies of General Documents can be obtained from ANSI 11 West 42nd Street New York NY 10036 8002 USA ISO CP 56 CH 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland ECMA 114 Rue du Rhône CH 1204 Geneva Switzerland Tel 41 22 849 6000 Web URL http www ecma ch Global Engineering Documents 2805 McGaw Irvine CA 92714 USA Tel 800 854 7179 or 714 261 1455 ...

Page 5: ...r 9 2 2 2 2 HP Alpha UNIX 5 1x DAT 72 drives only 11 Updating the Tape Driver 11 What Next 12 3 3 3 3 HP Servers and Workstations HP UX 10 20 and 11 x 13 Determining the SCSI ID 13 To add stape to the kernel using sam 14 Creating the Device Files 15 To add device files using sam 15 To create device files using mksf 16 What Next 18 4 4 4 4 IBM AIX Servers and Workstations 19 Determining the SCSI ID...

Page 6: ...D 33 Driver Configuration 34 HP Data Values 35 What Next 36 8 8 8 8 Verifying the Installation 37 System Specific Arguments 39 9 9 9 9 Introduction to Configuration Switches 41 Configuration Switches 41 Data Compression Switches 1 and 2 42 Media Recognition System MRS Switch 3 or 8 42 Switches 3 through 8 43 Configuring an Autoloader 43 10 10 10 10 Tables of Switch Settings 45 Configuration Switch...

Page 7: ...make full use of DDS features UNIX Applications You can write scripts to control DDS drives in UNIX using standard backup utilities such as cpio and tar To achieve more sophisticated control of the drives and to exploit the full range of DDS features it is worth considering software applications specifically designed for the task Application Software Availability Most backup software companies pro...

Page 8: ...roduction to Configuration Switches To change the configuration 1 Switch the drive off 2 Select the correct configuration for your system See Configuration Switches on page 41 for details of which setting to use for your system 3 Switch the drive on again 4 Ensure that the appropriate drivers and application software are installed on the host computer ...

Page 9: ... 4 versions not DAT 72 Figure 1 Internal autoloaders option switches To configure an autoloader Note See Autoloader Option Switch Settings on page 51 for details of the settings you need for different systems 1 Switch the autoloader off 2 Set the drive configuration on the switches on the underside ...

Page 10: ...alone autoloaders the value of the option switch settings is the number on the right when looking at the rear of the autoloader To change the number click on the little buttons marked and above and below the number with a ball point pen or similar 4 Switch the autoloader on again 5 Ensure that the appropriate drivers and application software are installed on the host computer ...

Page 11: ...the following entry to your dev ddr dbase file SCSIDEVICE Type tape Name HP C7438A PARAMETERS TypeSubClass rdat TagQueueDepth 0 MaxTransferSize 0x0ffffff 16MB 1 ReadyTimeSeconds 120 seconds MODESELECT ModeSelectNumber 0 SavePage No PageFormat scsi2 BlockDescriptor yes TransferLength 16 Hdr Tape BufferMode 0x1 Data UBYTE 0 0x3D Vendor Unique Page Code 0x3D Data UBYTE 1 0x02 Data UBYTE 2 0x01 DENSIT...

Page 12: ...ntape directory are no rewind devices those in dev tape will do a rewind on close The device files then have the syntax tapeX_dn where X is the instance of the drive n is the density number For example dev ntape tape66_d1 is a device file for device 66 no rewind using density number 1 Since all density numbers have the same parameters it does not matter which density number file is used What Next ...

Page 13: ... f The output of this should look similar to the following example Class I H W Path Driver S W State H W Type Description bc 0 root CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS bc 1 8 bc CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS Psudo Bus Converter ba 0 8 0 GSCtoPCI CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS GSCtoPCI Bridge ext_bus 1 8 0 2 0 c720 CLAIMED INTERFACE SCSI C895 Ultra2 Wide LVD target 0 8 0 2 0 7 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE ctl 1 8 0 2 0 7 0 sctl CLAIMED DEVICE Initiat...

Page 14: ...EVICE HP XXXXXX where XXXXX is C1537A C1557A C5683A C5713A or C7438A depending on the type of drive If you cannot find the drive this may be because the kernel does not contain the correct driver Use the System Administration Manager sam to add stape to the kernel To add stape to the kernel using sam 1 sam 2 Select the following Kernel Configuration Drivers 3 Highlight the stape driver If the driv...

Page 15: ...mand To add device files using sam This is the recommended and simplest way to create device files 1 sam This will bring up the graphical user interface for the utility 2 Select the following Peripheral Devices Tape Drives sam will then scan the system for any tape drives connected When a drive is found it will be displayed as Hardware Path Driver Description 8 0 2 0 3 0 stape HP XXXXXX where XXXX...

Page 16: ...r AT T encoding non rewind driver Berkeley encoding rewind driver Berkeley encoding rewind driver where X Y Z cXtYbZBEST cXtYbZBESTb cXtYbZBESTn cXtYbZBESTnb is the card number is the target number is the LUN number Best compression driver AT T encoding with rewind Best compression driver Berkeley encoding with rewind Best compression driver AT T encoding non rewind Best compression driver Berkele...

Page 17: ...rkeley mode absence of this parameter indicates AT T mode Berkeley and AT T modes differ in their read only close behavior n In Berkeley mode the tape position will remain unchanged by a device close operation n In AT T mode a device close operation will cause the tape to be repositioned just after the next tape filemark the start of the next file In most cases Berkeley mode should be used dev rmt...

Page 18: ...create a device file for a drive in uncompressed mode you should use a command such as mksf H a b U_18 and for compressed mode default mksf H a b U_18C The hardware path can be found from previous ioscan output What Next Once the device files have been created you should confirm that your new tape drive is working properly Chapter 8 Verifying the Installation provides instructions on backing up an...

Page 19: ...ive The SCSI ID is in the series 00 00 0S X 0 where X is the SCSI ID Review the list of existing SCSI IDs and choose an available ID to assign to the new tape drive Configuring the Device Files To install a DDS format drive on an IBM workstation you need to create the appropriate device files for the drive Note Do not choose the smit option of 4mm2gb as the Tape Device Type This is reserved for Co...

Page 20: ...button or press Enter to apply the change HP DDS format drives will work with tar cpio backup restore and dd For systems other than the 43P the drive is also boot capable provided a boot tape is generated using mkszfile and mksysb What Next Once the device files have been created you should confirm that your new tape drive is working properly Chapter 8 Verifying the Installation provides instructi...

Page 21: ...ind on Close Retension on Open Compression Rewind on Close Normally the drive repositions the tape to BOT Beginning of Tape when the device file is closed Using the no rewind option is useful when creating and reading tapes that contain multiple files Retension on Open Retensioning consists of winding to EOT End of Tape and then rewinding to BOT in order to reduce errors If this option is selected...

Page 22: ...22 IBM AIX Servers and Workstations ...

Page 23: ...Host SCSI0 Channel 00 Id 00 Lun 00 Vendor HP Model Type Direct Access ANSI SCSI Revision 02 Look at the ID information to establish which IDs are in use Configuring on Linux Systems No changes are needed to support DDS format drives on Linux platforms however you should ensure that you have the relevant drivers loaded To see the device drivers loaded currently execute an lsmod command this will gi...

Page 24: ...detected by the tape driver at module load time execute dmesg grep st This should find a number of lines One should look like Detected SCSI tape st0 at scsi1 channel 0 id 5 lun 0 To load the tape driver module if it is not loaded as above execute insmod st to load it This should happen naturally if your system is rebooted after attaching the drive When the ST driver module has been added a list of...

Page 25: ...should also enable ST_FAST_MTEOM in the same file After changing this file rebuild the modules and install the new binary At the very least this requires make modules make modules_install from the usr src linux directory See your kernel documentation What Next Once the device files have been created you should confirm that your new tape drive is working properly Chapter 8 Verifying the Installatio...

Page 26: ...26 Linux Servers and Workstations ...

Page 27: ...rsion of IRIX from the list below and open it with a text editor In IRIX 5 1 or earlier usr sysgen master d tpsc In IRIX 5 2 usr sysgen master d scsi In IRIX 5 3 or 6 3 var sysgen master d scsi 2 Find the following entry in the kernel configuration file and copy it to a new location in the file where you can edit it as appropriate for your tape drive For IRIX 5 x DATTAPE TPDAT 7 6 ARCHIVE Python 0...

Page 28: ...sitions and tries again 40 4 60 4 60 5 60 3 3600 512 512 512 tpsc_default_dens_count tpsc_default_hwg_dens_names tpsc_default_alias_dens_names 0 0 0 0 0 u_char 0 For an explanation of the functions of the MTCAN values and constants see MTCAN and Constants Values on page 30 3 Edit the first line of the entry to suit your tape drive For the HP C1537A change the first line to read DATTAPE TPDAT 2 6 H...

Page 29: ...ch patches are installed may not create the compression device files using the procedure above If this is the case 1 Locate the file dev MAKEDEV d TPS_base 2 After the line starting Device Python add the following new entry Device HP C15 HP DDS with DC mdev expr mdev 8 mknod prf 1c c C_TPS node tps0d3 tps0d3c tps0d3cnr tps0d3cnrns tps0d3cnrnsv tps0d3cnrs tps0d3cnrsv tps0d3cnrv tps0d3cns tps0d3cnsv...

Page 30: ...allation MTCAN and Constants Values The MTCAN values have the following functions MTCAN value Capability Enabled APPEND Append to existing tape data BSF Backspace file BSR Backspace record CHKRDY Determine if a tape cartridge is present CHTYPEANY Change density and or fixed to variable at points other than beginning of tape COMPRESS Compression PART Multiple partitions PREV Prevent media removal S...

Page 31: ...t in inverse ticks 4 60 Minimum time out in seconds for any command 4 60 Space command time out in seconds 5 60 Time out in seconds for long operations such as rewinds 512 Default block size in bytes for fixed block size mode 64 512 or 512 512 Recommended blocking factor in bytes for the upper limit of read write commands MTCAN value Capability Enabled ...

Page 32: ...32 Silicon Graphics SGI ...

Page 33: ...1 fas FAS SCSI Host Bus Adapter Drive This indicates that there are two SCSI controllers on the system an ESP based adapter and a FAS based adapter For the adapter to which the new tape drive is attached you will need to determine what SCSI IDs are already used For newer LSI Intraserver LVD SCSI controllers modinfo grep Interserver This will produce output similar to the following 100 78054000 118...

Page 34: ...t st conf 1 6 93 05 03 SMI add the following the spaces are significant in the strings tape config list HP C1537A HP DDS3 4mm DAT HP data2 HP C1557A HP DDS3 4mm DATloader HP data2 HP C5683A HP DDS4 4mm DAT HP data2 HP C7438A HP DAT72 4mm DAT HP data2 HP data1 1 0x34 1024 0x639 3 0x00 0x13 0x03 2 HP data2 1 0x34 1024 0xd639 4 0x00 0x13 0x24 0x3 3 name st class scsi target X lun 0 name st class scsi...

Page 35: ...he dev rmt directory as follows cd dev rmt rm 3 Do a reconfigure boot cd touch reconfigure sync halt 4 When the system is down reboot boot r Make sure you include the r switch so that the device directory is reconfigured using the new data 5 You should now be able to use the drive Use dev rmt Xcb if you require a compression rewind device file where X is the relevant device address Use dev rmt Xcb...

Page 36: ... requires a long time out period for erase functions 0x0200 Device knows when end of data has been reached 0x0400 Device driver is unloadable 0x1000 Time outs five times longer than normal 0x4000 Driver buffers write requests and pre acknowledges success to application 0x8000 Variable record size not limited to 64 KB 0x00 Default density setting Creates a device file with compression disabled 0x03...

Page 37: ...th the original data on disk To verify the installation 1 Test the SCSI connection to the tape drive by doing a rewind operation a If there is a tape cartridge already in the drive remove it b Insert a tape cartridge c Rewind the tape using the command line mt f archive name rewind If you do not see the Tape light flash as the tape rewinds the hardware installation may be faulty Check the troubles...

Page 38: ... file tmp retrieved file This step compares the retrieved file and the original file byte by byte If they are the same there should be no output and this verifies that the installation is correct The arguments are as follows Example Suppose you are verifying the installation of an HP DDS format tape drive on an HP UX 10 X system The procedure would be as follows See System Specific Arguments below...

Page 39: ... the suggested files are symbolic links on your system choose another file appropriate for your system System File Name Description Archive Name Notes HP Alpha vmunix OSF kernel dev tape tapeX dn X is the instance of the drive n in the density code HP UX 10 20 and 11 x stand vmunix HP UX kernel dev rmt Ym Y is the instance of the drive IBM AIX unix AIX kernel dev rmtY 1 Y is the device ID reported...

Page 40: ...the SCSI ID Identify the line for the tape drive For example if the drive was at SCSI ID 2 look for the line containing st 2 0 This might be as follows but on a single line lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 63 Mar 1 00 00 dev rmt 0m devices sbus 1f 0 espdma e 8400000 esp e 8800000 st 2 0 m Here you could use dev rmt 0m shown underlined above as the archive name ...

Page 41: ...perate correctly appropriate drivers and application software must be loaded on the host computer Switches 1 and 2 control Data Compression Switch 3 usually controls the Media Recognition System MRS Switches 4 8 control other functionality Switches 1 3 are described below See Chapter 10 for a full list of settings for switches 3 8 The following table shows typical Configuration Switch settings On ...

Page 42: ... be set on or off using appropriate SCSI commands sent from the SCSI tape driver or your backup software n If it is OFF the host cannot change the default compression setting Note By default the drives and autoloaders will decompress data when reading a compressed tape regardless of the settings of switches 1 and 2 Decompression can be turned off through the DC Characteristics Page of the SCSI MOD...

Page 43: ...ms the option switches are on the rear panel of the autoloader see figure 1 on page 9 They are used to set different configurations for the autoloader mechanism and are read at power on n For external standalone autoloaders the value of the option switch setting is shown on the rear panel It can be adjusted by clicking on the little buttons above and below the number with a ball point pen or simil...

Page 44: ...44 Introduction to Configuration Switches ...

Page 45: ...Mode EW EOM on Read Error Fast Reset Fixed 512 Bytes Forced Eject Immediate Mode Infinite Flush Inquiry C1533 C1553 Inquiry 35480 MRS on No Data Disconnect No EW EOM Residue Parity off SDCA Enabled Signed Residue Switch Buffered Mode Truncate INQUIRY by 3 Truncate REQ SENSE Write Zero Filemarks Switches 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1...

Page 46: ... 3 3 0 1 1 0 1 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 1 0 1 0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 Functions Asynch REQUEST SENSE Attention after Load Caution Clean Caution for Hard Error DC Control by Densit...

Page 47: ...X systems where the drivers forget if they are at a filemark and send REQUEST SENSE without a preceding CHECK CONDITION to find out where they are This feature should not affect systems that do not want asynchronous sense 3 The Mark bit may be set on asynchronous REQUEST SENSE 7 The Mark bit will never be set on asynchronous REQUEST SENSE Attention after Load Some HP UX and possibly MPE drivers ex...

Page 48: ... blocks 3 Defaults to fixed block mode with block size set to 1 KB 1024 bytes 7 The default block size is 0 variable block mode EW EOM on Read Error 3 The EOM bit is set for read errors resulting from read commands meeting the EW EOM mark 7 The EOM bit is only set if the tape is at physical EOP M Fixed 512 Bytes Some applications particularly PC based designed originally for use with QIC drives ex...

Page 49: ...ite Delay is cleared to 0 infinite buffer flush time out Write Delay timing in MODE SELECT is silently ignored 7 Infinite Flush is not selected The default Write Delay time is used MODE SELECT may be used to re specify the time out Inquiry C1533 C1553 3 The product ID field in the returned INQUIRY data will be C1533A regardless of the identity of the drive itself or C1553A in the case of an autolo...

Page 50: ...hen operating a synchronous bus 7 Parity is checked SDCA Enabled 3 The SDCA field in the device configuration mode page 10h indicates the current state of data compression 1 enabled 0 disabled MODE SELECT can be used to alter the field to control data compression during writing 7 The SDCA field must be zero and cannot be used to control data compression Signed Residue 3 The Residue is negative on ...

Page 51: ... 4 Value On Off Off Off 1h Enabled Enabled On Off On Off 5h Enabled Enabled Enabled Off On On Off 6h Enabled Enabled Enabled On On On Off 7h Enabled Enabled Auto Stack Enabled When a magazine is inserted the autoloader will enter Stacker mode and automatically load the first cartridge Auto Eject Enabled When the autoloader is in Stacker mode it will eject the magazine when the last cartridge in th...

Page 52: ... and 2 4 Nor Enabled The Peripheral Device Type is set to 8 identifying the device as an autoloader LUN 0 Drive Inquiry Enabled The Product ID sent in response to a SCSI INQUIRY command to LUN 0 will be C1537A or C5683A the DDS drive mechanism The LUN 1 Product ID will always be C1557A or C5713A Not Enabled The Product ID sent in response to a SCSI INQUIRY command to LUN 0 will be C1557A or C5713A...

Page 53: ...e operations that facilitates tape streaming compression A procedure in which data is transformed by the removal of redundant information in order to reduce the number of bits required to represent the data This is done by representing strings of bytes with codewords DAT Digital Audio Tape data transfer phase On a SCSI bus devices put in requests to be able to transfer information Once a device is...

Page 54: ... as much again DAT 72 uses longer tape again 170m with narrower tracks to achieve a greater data density leading to capacity of 72 MB with 2 1 data compression filemark A mark written by the host to the tape that can be searched for often using the drive s fast search capability It does not necessarily separate files It is up to the host to assign a meaning to the mark group A fixed capacity set o...

Page 55: ...used the host must issue a SCSI MOVE MEDIUM command to instruct the autoloader to move the cartridge from the magazine to the drive When the cartridge is full or when no further use is to be made of it the host must again use the MOVE MEDIUM command to return the cartridge to the magazine and load another SCSI Small Computer System Interface sequential access Sequential access devices store data s...

Page 56: ...ng on the nature of the data decompression A procedure in which the original data is generated from compressed data ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association The European equivalent of ANSI EOD End Of Data An area that signifies the end of the valid data If new data is written over a larger quantity of old data it is possible for data to exist after EOD but because it is after EOD this old ...

Page 57: ...er it is written and writing the data again if an error is found SCSI Small Computer System Interface a standard command specification and command set that enables computers and peripherals to communicate with each other HP s Ultrium drives adhere to the SCSI specifications see Chapter 1 Interface Implementation in Volume 3 The SCSI Interface of the HP Ultrium Technical Manual and support all feat...

Page 58: ...CSI can transfer data at up to 80 MB s wide using a cable of up to 25 meters total length for a single device or up to 12 meters for two or more devices it is also known as Fast40 Ultra3 or Ultra160 can transfer data at up to 160 MB s wide Cable lengths are as for Ultra2 Ultra4 or Ultra320 will transfer at up to 320 MB s Ultra SCSI supports both SE and LVD interfaces In normal situations slower de...

Page 59: ...g 9 auto stack 51 B B B B backup software 7 Berkeley mode 53 blocks 53 BOM 56 BOT 53 buffer switched 49 buffered mode 53 56 switching 50 C C C C caution on hard error 47 compression 53 56 control by density 48 controlling 42 ratio 56 configuration switches 41 autoloader 43 summary 45 configuring autoloaders 43 drives 41 configuring an autoloader 9 configuring drives 8 D D D D DAT 53 data compressi...

Page 60: ...laris 35 HP UX systems 13 determining SCSI ID 13 device files 15 I I I I IBM AIX workstations 19 determining SCSI ID 19 device files 19 switch settings 41 immediate mode 49 54 infinite flush 49 54 inquiry 35480 49 inquiry C1533 49 INQUIRY data truncating 50 installation verifying 37 IRIX 27 L L L L Linux servers and workstations 23 determining SCSI ID 23 switch settings 41 loading 57 logs TapeAler...

Page 61: ... 50 Silicon Graphics 27 switch settings 42 software backup 7 Solaris 33 archive names 40 switch settings 42 stack auto 51 stacker mode 55 Sun workstations 33 determining SCSI ID 33 switch settings 42 switched buffer 49 switches introduction 41 option 43 synchronous data transfer 53 T T T T TapeAlert log 58 timings write delay 49 truncating INQUIRY data 50 REQUEST SENSE page 50 U U U U UNIX scripts...

Page 62: ...62 index ...

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