PEM200 User Manual
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Figure A.5 Retardation 110% of Half-wave
For retardation values of multiple half-waves, the intensity functions continue to exhibit
the “flat topped” (or “flat bottomed”) characteristic which is useful for calibration.
The waveform for a retardation of four half-waves is shown in figure A.6.
Figure A.6 Waveform for a Retardation of Four Half-waves
Multiple Reflection Techniques
Precise setting of the modulator peak retardation at levels less than half wave may be
done by several different methods. For integral fractions of a half-wave, the
oscilloscope technique described above may be used by arranging the optical system
