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Giga-tronics 8650A Series, Operation Manual

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Remote Operation

Manual 31470, Rev. E, April 2001

3-33

3.2.18

Averaging

SENSe:AVERage

Averaging is applied during normal operating mode. In the normal mode, Avg 

n

 results in 

n 

x 192 

samples taken. In the Swift or Burst modes, Avg 

n

 results in 2

n

 samples taken. Auto averaging takes 4 

samples all the time. For auto averaging in the normal mode, the averaging number is level dependent 
with very low averaging at +20 dBm, and many samples taken at very low levels.

Syntax

:

SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:AVERage:COUNt

space<1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,or 512>

Example

:

OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;SENS1:AVER:COUN 16

! Set sensor 1 average number to 16

Description

: This command averages successive sensor readings in a digital averaging filter. As the 

measured signal level approaches the noise floor of the power sensor, measurement data 
values begin to fluctuate. To measure very low signal levels (within a few dB of the sensor 
noise floor), set a large value for averaging such as 128, 256, or 512. Be sure to zero the 
sensor, CALibration:ZERO, prior to critical measurements.

Syntax

:

SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:AVERage:COUNt:AUTO

space<ON or OFF>

Example

:

OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;SENS2:AVER:COUN:AUTO ON 

! Select sensor 2 Auto-Averaging mode

Description

: Auto-Averaging optimizes the measurement averaging value for reading stability and 

update rate when the measurement data is being repeatedly updated. At high power 
levels (measured), minimum averaging is applied to optimize measurement speed. As the 
power level drops, additional averaging is applied to steady the measured data reading.

Syntax

:

SENSe<sensor 1 or 2>:AVERage:TCONtrol

space<data acquisition averaging method, 

MOVing or REPeat>

Example

:

OUTPUT @Pwr_mtr;SENS1:AVER:TCON REP

! Set sensor 1 to acquire fresh
! measurement data before averaging

Description

: The SENSe:AVERage:TCONtrol commands are instrument level commands that control 

the internal measurement data averaging of the power meter. Two modes are selectable, 
MOVing and REPeat.

The MOVing control applies the current measurement to the previously measured data. 
That is, even if the averaging number is 16, you will get a measurement data point every 
time a sample is taken, not just after every 16 samples. There is some limited built in level 
sensing capability. For example, when Auto-Averaging is used and the power is suddenly 
changed from a low value to a high, MOVing averaging throws out the very low level previ-
ous data as the gain range changes and begins averaging fresh data. Thus, wide abrupt 
changes in power level are not masked by the MOVing averaging. The 8650A can fully 
range in about 4 ms. MOVing averaging is similar to TR1 mode in typical benchtop power 
meters.

REPeat averaging performs full averaging every time the 8650A is triggering. Unless the 
averaging number is set to 1, REPeat is slower than MOVing averaging. REPeat control is 
similar to TR2 mode in typical benchtop power meters. Fresh data is measured and aver-
aged with each complete measurement cycle.

Summary of Contents for 8650A Series

Page 1: ...Fax 800 444 2878 Customer Service 925 328 4702 CS Fax www gigatronics com Certified Product ISO 9001 Certified Process Registrar BSI Certification No FM 34226 Registered 04 June 1996 Amended 01 March 2000 Manual Part Number Revision Print Date Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Operation Manual 31470 E April 2001 8650A ...

Page 2: ...fective during the warranty period This warranty DOES NOT cover damage resulting from improper use nor workmanship other than Giga tronics service There is no implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose nor is Giga tronics liable for any consequential damages Specification and price change privileges are reserved by Giga tronics Model Numbers The series 8650Aincludes two models The single...

Page 3: ...rris Canyon Road San Ramon California 94583 U S A 89 336 EEC and 73 23 EEC EMC Directive and Low Voltage Directive Type of Equipment Model Series Number Model Numbers in Series I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment specified above conforms to the above Directive s and Standard s Place Date Signature Full Name Position Thomas A Kramer Director of Quality Assurance Universal Power Mete...

Page 4: ......

Page 5: ... 8650A System Specifications 1 7 2 Front Panel Operation 2 1 Introduction 2 1 2 1 1 The Front Panel 2 1 2 2 8650A Configuration 2 4 2 2 1 Meter Setup 2 5 2 2 2 Display Setup 2 14 2 2 3 Rel 2 17 2 2 4 Sensor Setup 2 17 2 3 Measurement Guide 2 21 2 3 1 Using the Power Sweep Calibrator 2 21 2 3 2 80701A Sensor Operation 2 21 2 3 3 Sensor Zero and Calibration 2 22 2 3 3 1 Calibration Zeroing for High ...

Page 6: ...3 2 9 GPIB Command Syntax 3 10 3 2 10 Sensor Calibration and Zeroing 3 14 3 2 11 Reading Power Measurements 3 16 3 2 12 Instrument Triggering 3 18 3 2 13 Arming the Triggering Cycle 3 22 3 2 14 Channel Configuration 3 23 3 2 15 Cal Factor Correction 3 25 3 2 16 High Speed Measurements 3 27 3 2 17 Peak Power Sensor Triggering 3 31 3 2 18 Averaging 3 33 3 2 19 Relative or Referenced Measurements 3 3...

Page 7: ...1 1 Description 3 78 3 11 2 Time Gating Mode 3 79 3 12 EEPROM 3 81 3 12 1 EEPROM Cal Factors 3 81 3 12 2 Frequency 3 82 3 13 Instrument Identification 3 83 3 14 Learn Modes 3 84 3 14 1 Learn Mode 1 3 85 3 14 2 Learn Mode 2 3 86 3 15 Limits 3 87 3 15 1 Setting Limits 3 87 3 15 2 Activating Limits 3 87 3 15 3 Measuring with Limits 3 88 3 16 Measurement Collection Modes Standard 3 89 3 16 1 Measureme...

Page 8: ... 118 3 19 17 VPROPF Feature 3 118 3 19 18 Zeroing 3 120 3 19 19 Histograms CDF and CCDF 3 121 3 19 20 Strip Chart 3 122 3 19 21 Statistics 3 123 4 Performance Verification 4 1 Introduction 4 1 4 2 Equipment Required 4 1 4 3 Calibrator Verification Procedure 4 2 4 3 1 Calibrator Output Power Reference Level 4 2 4 3 2 Calibrator Frequency Check 4 4 4 4 Performance Verification Tests 4 5 4 4 1 Equipm...

Page 9: ...Option 04 Rear Panel Sensor In Calibrator Out Connectors Model 8652A C 1 C 5 Option 05 Soft Carrying Case C 2 C 6 Option 07 Side mounted Carry Handle C 2 C 7 Option 08 Transit Case C 2 C 8 Option 09 Dual Power Meter Rack Mount Kit C 2 C 9 Option 10 Assembled Dual Power Meter Rack Mount Kit C 2 C 10 Option 12 1 GHz 50 MHz Switchable Calibrator C 2 C 11 Option 13 Rear Panel Sensor In Connectors Mode...

Page 10: ... 22 Figure 2 15 The Peaking Meter 2 25 Figure 2 16 Burst Measurement 2 27 Figure 2 17 Delay and Delay Offsets 2 30 Figure 2 18 Peak Hold 2 32 Figure 2 19 Crest Factor 2 33 Figure 2 20 Burst Start Exclude Burst End Exclude 2 36 Figure 2 21 Burst Dropout 2 37 Figure 3 1 SCPI Subsystem Model 3 5 Figure 3 2 CALCulat Subsystem Commands 3 7 Figure 3 3 SENSe Subsystem Command Tree 3 8 Figure 3 4 TRIGger ...

Page 11: ... Emulation Command Set 3 64 Table 3 11 HP438 Emulation Command Set 3 66 Table 3 12 Measurement Setting Target Default Values 3 69 Table 3 13 Numbering Averaging 3 70 Table 3 14 Learn Mode 1 Output Format 3 85 Table 3 15 Preset Default Conditions 3 109 Table 3 16 Status Byte and Service Request Mark 3 111 Table 3 17 Error Code Returned in Position AA 3 114 Table 3 18 Error Code Returned in Position...

Page 12: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters viii Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 13: ...e instrument and its performance parameters 2 Front Panel Operation This chapter is a guide to the instrument s front panel keys display and configuration menus 3 Remote Operation This chapter is a guide to the instrument s GPIB remote control interface 4 Performance Verification This chapter defines the procedures to verify the performance of the 8650A Meter Appendices A Sample Programs This appe...

Page 14: ...s elements of the 8650A manual Changes that occur after publication of the manual and Special Configuration data will be inserted as loose pages in the manual binder Please insert and or replace the indicated pages as detailed in the Technical Publication Change Instructions included with new and replacement pages ...

Page 15: ...ce which if not strictly corrected or observed could result in injury or death of personnel An example is the proximity of high voltage Caution The CAUTION statement is enclosed with single lines and centered in the page This calls attention to a situation or an operating or maintenance procedure or practice which if not strictly corrected or observed could result in temporary or permanent damage ...

Page 16: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters xii Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 17: ... your convenience to maintain a permanent record of manual change data Corrected replacement pages will be issued as Technical Publication Change Instructions and will be inserted at the front of the binder Remove the corresponding old pages insert the new pages and record the changes here Change Instruction Number Change Instruction Date Date Entered Comments ...

Page 18: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters xiv Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 19: ...gurations Special Configurations When the accompanying product has been configured for user specific application s supplemental pages will be inserted at the front of the manual binder Remove the indicated page s and replace it them with the furnished Special Configuration supplemental page s ...

Page 20: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters xvi Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 21: ...on signals in the communication industry The 8650A maintains the functionality of Giga tronics 8540B and 8540C power meters and compatibility with all existing power sensor models 1 1 1 Features CW peak and modulation power meter with burst mask testing More than 26 000 readings second in the Fast Buffered Mode GPIB only 90 dB dynamic range CW sensors 0 3 linearly per degree Centigrade of temperat...

Page 22: ...ator operating temperature range is 5 C to 35 C Operating the 8651A 8652A Power Meters in a high level RF field approximately 3 V m may degrade performance this degradation occurs at measured levels below 36 dBm and when the frequency of the field is nominally between 50 and 1000 MHz Non operating storage temperature range is 40 C to 70 C Relative humidity is limited to 95 non condensing 1 1 4 Ite...

Page 23: ...ecessary to return the product to the factory To protect the instrument during reshipment use the best packaging materials available If possible use the original shipping container If this is not possible a strong carton or a wooden box should be used Wrap the instrument in heavy paper or plastic before placing it in the shipping container Completely fill the areas on all sides of the instrument w...

Page 24: ...voltage and fuse rating The instrument can be damaged if connected to a source voltage with the line voltage se lector set incorrectly 1 2 1 Safety Precautions This 8650A has a 3 wire power cord with a 3 terminal polarized plug for connection to the power source and safety ground The ground or safety ground is connected directly to the chassis If a 3 to 2 wire adapter is used connect the ground le...

Page 25: ...s to them use a small screwdriver or similar tool to snap open the cover and proceed as follows 1 To change the voltage setting Use the same tool to remove the voltage selector a small barrel shaped component marked with voltage settings Rotate the selector so that the desired voltage faces outward and replace the selector back in its slot Close the housing cover the appropriate voltage should be ...

Page 26: ...nput that is proportional to frequency and causes the 8650A to apply appropriate frequency related cal factors Maximum input without damage is 15 V Analog Out A and Analog Out B each provide an output voltage that is proportional to the measured power level of the respective sensors connected to the front panel Remote Interface GPIB is a DB 24 connector to interface the 8650A to a host computer ov...

Page 27: ...compensation in auto averaging mode dB Rel and Offset Allows both relative and offset readings Power display can be offset by 99 999 dB to 99 999 dB to account for external loss gain ConfigurationStorage Registers Up to 20 front panel setups plus a last instrument state at power down to be stored and recalled from non volatile memory Power Measurements and Display Configuration Any four of the fol...

Page 28: ...lly linearize the sensors Frequency 50 MHz nominal 0 0dBm Accuracy 1 2 worst case for one year over a temperature range of 5 to 35 C VSWR 1 05 Return Loss 33 dB 0 dBm Connector Type N 50 Ω 1 GHzCalibrator Option 12 Required for 80701A Series Sensors see Option 12 in Appendix C Calibrator 20 to 30 dBm power sweep calibration signal to dynamically linearize the sensors Frequency 1 GHz nominal 0 0dBm...

Page 29: ...s Measurable over any 1 minute interval after zeroing three standard deviations Notes 1 Depending on sensor used see Power Sensor details in Appendix B 2 Zero Drift Measurement a Set the meters Average to 512 Perform Calibration Connect a 50 ohm load to the sensor after Calibration and Zero meter b Temperature stabilize at 25 C for 24 hours c After the 24 hour stabilization perform a Zero Drift te...

Page 30: ... the 8650A memory Measurement timing of individual data points is controlled by setting the time interval 0 to 5000 ms between the data points following a trigger Remote Operation GPIB Interface All front panel operations and some GPIB only operations to be remotely programmed in IEEE 488 2 or IEC 625 formats Interrupts SRQs are generated for the following conditions Power Up Front Panel key actua...

Page 31: ...swift and fast measurement buffered modes and time gating mode GPIB connector Interfaces the power meter to a host computer for remote programming using SCPI IEEE 488 2 and IEC 625 coding also emulation modes RS 232 connector Interfaces the power meter to serial communications equipment using RS 232 format General Specifications Temperature Range Operating 0 to 55 C 32 to 13 2 F Storage 40 to 70 C...

Page 32: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 1 12 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 33: ...r the General Purpose Interface Bus GPIB and RS 232 serial communication devices 2 1 1 The Front Panel Although the 8650A has different modes of operation the front panel is simple in design and easy to use The instrument is configured and controlled by means of the dedicated hardkeys and the display menus which are accessed and controlled with the data interaction softkeys The dual channel Model ...

Page 34: ... it is impractical to keep entering the fre quency with the FREQ key the frequency information can be conveyed to the 8650A by the use of a voltage input that is proportional to frequency see the VPROPF connector on the rear panel When the 8650A is controlled remotely over the GPIB the frequency information can be sent over the bus HELP Help screens describe the current display and present your op...

Page 35: ...softkeys select the options for configuration and measurement control In this manual instructions to press a softkey are identified with the selected option in italics enclosed in brackets such as press Sensor Setup to configure a new power sensor Softkey statements will be in the same case as in the actual displays Sensor Inputs The A A A A and B connectors interface Channel A and Channel B senso...

Page 36: ...ction 2 2 4 dB mW for selecting dB or power as the measurement unit see below Reset Menu to refresh a min max value see below Rel for recording Relative Measurements see Section 2 2 3 From the Main Menu press dB mW at any time to toggle between dB and mW as the measurement units The values on the displayed lines will also change to match the units The Main Menu will display a Reset Menu selection ...

Page 37: ...utput as an RF source indicated by the words CAL ON in the upper left corner of the Main Menu see Figure 2 2 Turn on the 8650A for 15 minutes then cycle the power OFF and ON this establishes the 1 mW reference for the instrument firmware To turn the Calibrator ON or OFF press Meter Setup from the Main Menu This will display the Setup Menu From the Setup Menu press Calibrator to display the Calibra...

Page 38: ...the GPIB field and press Config The menu to set the GPIB mode and address will display 2 Press Mode to highlight the operating mode and use the cursor keys to select the desired mode of operation The options are SCPI to use the SCPI IEEE 488 command set 8600 to use the IEEE 488 2 8650 native mode 8542 to use the dual channel 8542 emulation mode Model 8652A only 8541 to use the single channel 8541 ...

Page 39: ...e digits for the desired frequency The units adjust automatically as you enter the frequency 2 Scale a Set the scale factor by pressing Scale and setting the value in the same manner described for the frequency b Press OK to accept the changes or Cancel to cancel the changes and return to the Power Meter Configuration menu Analog Out A and Analog Out B The Analog A and B outputs are voltage propor...

Page 40: ... Press Select Source The choices for measuring sources are Lines 1 through 4 If any line is set for data gathering it will not be displayed here 3 Press Sample Rate The choices are from 1 sample per minute to 5 samples per second 4 Toggle between Hold Bfr to stop sampling when the buffer is full or Rot Bfr to set the Strip Chart display to update continuously with new samples after the buffer is i...

Page 41: ...ess OK to accept the changes or Cancel to cancel the changes and return to the Power Meter Configuration menu T Gate The Time Gate mode supplies a digital control voltage to enable or disable readings from any one or all sensors Thus the mode limits a power measurement to a defined interval that is controlled by a start time and a duration The start time begins after a programmable delay following...

Page 42: ...d sensor will be indicated in the window at the bottom of the screen 2 Press External Gate to set the sensor gate measurement to high or low 3 Press Gate High or Gate Low to set the external gating to a high or low logic state 4 Press OK to return to the Gate Trigger menu or Cancel to abort the configuration b External Trigger Figure 2 6 illustrates the Time Gated measurement parameters with an ex...

Page 43: ...ursor keys The range is 0µs to 327 625ms 3 Select Gate Time and set its value The range is 5µs to 327 625ms 4 Select Holdoff and set its value The range is 0µs to 327 625ms 5 Press OK to accept the changes or Cancel to cancel the changes and return to the Power Meter Configuration menu c Burst Edge The Burst Edge mode uses the burst edges detected by the sensor to trigger power measure ments and i...

Page 44: ...itional functions available from the Histogram screen 1 Press Reset to restart sampling 2 Press Select Mode to toggle between distribution display functions a The Histogram see Figure 2 8 shows the percentage of time each power level is measured b The CDF Cumulative Distribution Function shows the percentage of time a signal is below a selected power level see Figure 2 9 The x axis displays the po...

Page 45: ... recall is displayed 4 Press OK to recall the selected setup 5 Press Recall Preset to recall the default setup for the connected sensors Store 1 To store the current configuration press Sto Rcl from the Setup Menu 2 Select Store to store the current setup 3 Select the setup ID 1 through 20 that you want to assign to this setup Figure 2 9 Illustration of the CDF Curve Figure 2 10 Illustration of th...

Page 46: ...From the Main Menu press Display Setup to select the Configure Display menu see Figure 2 11 This screen is the same as the Main Menu except the control items are changed to display line configuration options The configuration of each line includes the source and data format data resolution and peaking meter bar graph when configuration for use In addition the control to set the screen brightness i...

Page 47: ...maximum values of another line Line n The only line numbers that will be available for selection are those which have already been config ured and are not configured to show min max values of other lines If you want the selected line number to show the min max values of another line but the line is not avail able in the source list you will have to go back and reconfigure the missing line It may n...

Page 48: ...ics can be configured only for resolution the Set Limits and Bar Graph options will not display for these lines 1 Press Config and use the cursor keys to set the resolution of the input The resolution will be displayed in the large window at the bottom of the screen Adjust the resolution with the cursor keys to the desired level The range is 0 to 3 decimal places 2 Press Set Limits to set the uppe...

Page 49: ...edly to select the line to be used for relative measurements Use the cursor keys in this menu only to change the value of the selected line The selected line can be switched in and out of the Relative Mode by pressing the Rel On Off key 2 2 4 Sensor Setup Sensor configuration enables you to select the operating mode of sensors or to select the parameters for averaging time based measurements From ...

Page 50: ...tion to average measurement signals over a fixed period A menu will display for you to set the time in seconds between 20 ms and 10 seconds The meter will automatically change the selection to the nearest of 20 ms times powers of 2 multiples of 1 to 512 e g entering 1 000 seconds will be changed to 1 280 seconds Set the time digits with the cursor keys 2 Press OK to store the changes or Cancel to ...

Page 51: ...ecified in volts rather than dBm 1 Press Int Ext Trig to toggle to the External Trigger mode and set the Trigger Level value in volts with the cursor keys 2 Press OK to store the changes or Cancel to exit without saving changes Modulation Sensors Modulation sensors can be used in CW Modulated Average Power MAP Peak Average Power PAP and Burst Average Power BAP modes 1 From the Sensor Setup menu se...

Page 52: ...to enter the values for the Burst Start Exclude Burst End Exclude and Dropout Enter these values by pressing the corresponding softkey and using the cursor keys to change the values 3 Press OK to store the changes or Cancel to exit without saving changes and return to the Sensor Setup menu to configure the next sensor or return to the Main menu ...

Page 53: ...hen a 80701A sensor is calibrated on the meter for the first time the meter reads UNCALIBRATED before calibration the unit is set to the default setting of MAP mode with frequency correction set to 1 GHz This allows the sensor to measure signals with wide bandwidth modulation For frequencies of 200 MHz or below the frequency correction must be set to the measurement frequency to avoid measurement ...

Page 54: ... connected to the Calibrate output When zeroing a sensor it is best to connect the sensor to the device under test exactly as it will be used in measurement and deactivate the RF output of that device Zeroing the sensor in place is the best way to counteract system noise which could significantly effect low level measurements NOTE Connector sensor to the Calibrator connector after the power meter ...

Page 55: ...the attenuation factor However when performing the front panel calibration be sure to remove the attenuator before connecting to the calibrator port During measurement you do not need to enter an offset factor to account for the attenuator loss The sensor frequency calibration factors automatically correct for the combined frequency response of the sensor and attenuator Because the sensor and atte...

Page 56: ...on After the unit has thermally stabilized push the Cal Zero button 5 Immediately after zeroing confirm that the meter reading is at least 3 dB below the minimum CW operating range of the sensor This checks the noise floor and zero set capabilities of the meter and sensor 6 Zero Drift Zero Drift is a measure of the change in noise over time Each family sensor will have a specified expectation of d...

Page 57: ...factors appropriate to the sensor being used The operating frequency can be communicated to the 8650A using the front panel menus the GPIB or the VPROPF voltage input 2 3 5 Using the Peaking Meter The line bar graph provides a linear display of power level on a decade range basis For example a power level of 3 dBm produces an approximate 50 response on the peaking meter The peaking meter displays ...

Page 58: ...h the sensor setup menu when the active sensor a modulated series The 8650A features three modulated measurement modes Modulated Average Power MAP Pulse Average Power PAP Burst Average Power BAP MAP and PAP modes measure the true average power of modulated and pulsed signals PAP mode differs from MAP mode only in that it allows you to specify a duty cycle figure which is automatically factored int...

Page 59: ...ng an RF burst see Figure 2 16 This mode is very useful for measurement of pulse modulated signals which are not flat or have amplitude modulation during the pulse ON period as in the case of TDMA Time Division Multiple Access communications signals In this mode the 8650A recognizes the beginning and end of a burst of RF power and takes an average of the power during that burst The RF level can va...

Page 60: ...the meter always reads the average power in the pulse or burst As with the PAP mode when measuring a pulse modulated signal with 50 duty cycle the reading in the BAP mode would be 3 dB higher than in the MAP mode However in the BAP mode the signal s duty cycle can change dynamically in time without affecting the meter reading In the PAP mode the duty cycle factor must be entered to match the duty ...

Page 61: ...eraging factor for example if the averaging factor is 128 the maximum settling time is 2 56 seconds In most situations the actual settling time is well below the maximum PEAK Mode 80350A Peak Power Sensor The Peak mode is for instantaneous peak measurements of the RF power level of a pulse modulated signal during pulse ON periods The measurement is based on an instantaneous sample taken at a parti...

Page 62: ...ween the trigger point and some other point of interest such as the half power point especially in applications where pulse width is being measured Or if it is necessary to measure the levels of various pulses within a pulse train the pulses can be sampled successively by changing the delay offset A fixed delay insures that each pulse is sampled at the same point in its cycle Figure 2 17 Delay and...

Page 63: ...rage power of the signal during the on time of the pulse This mode works equally well regardless of whether the signal is modulated during the pulse on time 2 3 11 Multi Tone Tests Multi tone testing refers to more than one RF carrier combined into one signal to be measured Two tone intermodulation testing for example is a common test performed on a wide variety of RF components and subsystems MAP...

Page 64: ...e is selected the minimum average power level that can be accurately measured is 20 dBm Beginning in firmware version 1 51 this has been implemented to increase accuracy and maintain wide bandwidth of Peak Hold measurement over the peak power range of 20 dBm to 20 dBm The Peak Hold selection will also affect Histogram measurement if there is power below 20 dBm To obtain accurate average power meas...

Page 65: ...ection 3 8 In Figure 2 19 the same power input trace is used in two graphs to illustrate the effect of a drop in average power with and without a reset In the top graph the power drop is followed by a reset The held value drops to the current measured value and the crest factor represents the ratio between the new maximum level and the new average level In the bottom graph there is no reset after ...

Page 66: ...se accuracy and maintain wide bandwidth of Crest Factor measurement over the peak power range of 20 dBm to 20 dBm The Crest Factor selection will also affect Histogram measurement if there is power below 20 dBm To obtain accurate average power measurements below 20 dBm remove the display line containing Crest Factor or in remote control by sending the command which disables the Crest Factor featur...

Page 67: ...g carrier frequency 4 Connect the sensor to the burst signal source and record the power level The 8650A will automatically find the portions of the signal which are in the burst and include only those portions in the average Burst signals can have a high peak power to average power ratio depending on duty cycle This ratio is proportional to the duty cycle and is given by This assumes no modulatio...

Page 68: ...requires caution if the excluded periods overlap there is nothing left of the burst to be measured If the entire burst is excluded NoSync will flash on the screen to the right of the sensor power units and the meter will revert to average measurement in the style of the MAP mode The start exclude time is selected from a series of discrete values 0 000 ms 0 030 ms 0 059 ms 0 089 ms and so on up to ...

Page 69: ...re burst is interpreted as a single burst and the dropouts are included in the average power measurement The 3 5 ms OFF period following the burst is interpreted as the end of the burst because it exceeds 350 µs in duration This feature must be configured and interpreted with care The dropout time is selected from a series of discrete values 030 ms 059 ms 089 ms and so on up to 3 747 ms however th...

Page 70: ...ance of 1 is specified the 8650A Auto average algorithm will specify an averaging time just long enough so that the result put on the bus is within 0 5 that is 0 02 dB of the average power Thus the settled measurement data is available on the bus in the minimum time necessary to be within the specified tolerance The tolerance specified in the FA command is a target tolerance For example it is poss...

Page 71: ...ernal triggering 7 Connect the peak power sensor s Detector Out to an oscilloscope to view the sample position For 80350A Peak Power Sensors also connect the sensor s Sample Delay output to the oscilloscope and trigger on that channel 2 3 19 Measuring an Attenuator Single Channel Method Attenuators are useful for many applications With the 8650A attenuators can be calibrated quickly and accurately...

Page 72: ...ong the transmission line At various points along the transmission line the standing wave will be at maximum or minimum amplitude Mismatch uncertainty is a measure of the deviation between these amplitude levels Inserting an attenuator into the transmission line reduces mismatch uncertainty by reducing the amplitude of the reflected signal thereby reducing the difference between a standing wave s ...

Page 73: ... uncertainty 2 Connect the reference standard power meter to power splitter output X and the power meter to be verified to splitter output Y 3 Adjust the source frequency to a standard reference frequency 50 MHz for 803XX and 804XX series senors or 1GHz for 806XX and 807XX series sensors 4 Enter the operating frequency or frequency cal factors into the power meters 5 Adjust the source amplitude to...

Page 74: ...ade signal source Power splitter output tracking errors are the maximum signal level variation at the splitter X output as compared to the splitter Y output Total measurement uncertainty for each of the power meters is the worst case combination of mismatch uncertainty instrument accuracy and sensor accuracy Mismatch uncertainty is calculated from the reflection coefficients of the sensor and the ...

Page 75: ...rk of TransEra Corporation Other languages would use different commands but the string that is sent or received will always be the same In HTBasic the OUTPUT command sends a string to the GPIB The number after OUTPUT is the GPIB address of the instrument The factory set default address of the 8650A is 13 and the address of the GPIB is assumed to be 7 therefore examples of command strings in this m...

Page 76: ... keys are disabled The GPIB LOCAL command must be issued to return the 8650A to local mode disconnecting the GPIB cable will also return the instrument to local mode Sensor Selection and Calibration Power sensor selection data specifications and calibration local and remote are contained in Appendix B of this manual 3 1 2 Polling The GPIB supports parallel and serial polling The example programs b...

Page 77: ... PRINT an SRQ interrupt has occurred Example OUTPUT 713 CS clear status byte Flag 1 set control flag true RETURN 3 1 3 Data Output Formats The data output format for the standard measurement collection mode is D DDDDE NNCRLF Sign of the Mantissa D DDDD Mantissa 5 digits E Exponent indicates that an exponent follows Sign of the Exponent NN Magnitude of the Exponent CR Carriage Return LF Line Feed D...

Page 78: ...s The interface wake up state is GPIB Local Mode Unaddressed Service Request Mask Cleared Status Byte Cleared TR3 Free Run Trigger Mode Set GT2 Group Execute Trigger Mode Set Parallel Poll Data Line Unassigned Display Enabled Service Request Mask Cleared Event Status Register 128 Event Status Mask Clear ...

Page 79: ...sses through an attenuator or coupler before it is measured by power sensor 2 Figure 3 1 illustrates the SCPI subsystem model 3 2 1 Sensor Calibration and Zero The Calibration subsystem performs sensor calibration and zeroing CALibrate STATen selects if the calibration data is applied or not If STATe is ON then the instrument uses the calibration data for correction If STATe OFF is selected then n...

Page 80: ...he VPROPF output of your microwave source The analog outputs are used with a variety of devices including chart recorders oscilloscopes voltmeters and microwave source leveling inputs 3 2 5 IEEE 488 2 Required Commands Consistent with SCPI compliance criteria the power meter implements all the common commands declared mandatory by IEEE 488 2 see Table 3 2 Table 3 2 IEEE Required Command Codes Mnem...

Page 81: ...CALC REF COLL automatically converts the inverse of the current channel measurement value to an offset simplifying the 1 dB compression testing of amplifiers MIN and MAX commands monitor deviation of measured values over a user controllable time period The two software calculation channels can individually and simultaneously perform the internal instrument functions that calculate final measuremen...

Page 82: ...ense subsystem commands control functions that are related directly to the individual power sensors For example these commands control items that would not apply to numerical alteration of a ratio measurement of Sensor1 Sensor2 Controls that would apply to that type of a configuration are channel functions not sensor functions and would therefore be located in the Calculate subsystem SENSe AVERage...

Page 83: ...iguration status This can be used to verify triggering configuration or return status information following command errors which are commonly caused by using illegal configuration commands during Swift or Burst Modes SOURce IMMediate triggering allows the 8650A to control measurement triggering this is the default configuration External triggering is performed using a TTL signal input BUS allows s...

Page 84: ...tions Some command syntax descriptions show certain words in italics such as space and comma to indicate where the character must be included within a command string Query Format Except where specifically noted all query commands are formed by adding a question mark to the command header Be sure to omit command parameters when you are using the query format Some commands have only a query format W...

Page 85: ...r 2 LIMit CLEar IMMediate Reset channel 1 limit violation indicator to 0 3 42 CALCulate channel 1 or 2 LIMit FCOunt Query number of channel 1 limit failures 3 42 CALCulate channel 1 or 2 LIMit FAIL Check for channel 1 limit line violation Output 0 OK 1 fail 3 43 CALCulate channel 1 or 2 LIMit LOWerspace numeric value in dB from 299 99 to 299 99 Set channel 1 lower limit line to 50 dBm 3 43 CALCula...

Page 86: ...wer range in dBm from 80 to 20 dBm 3 44 MEMory TABLe POWerspace start value from 0 to 0 01W comma stop value from 0 to 0 01W Set analog out power range in Watts from 0 to 0 01 Watts 3 44 MEMory TABLe SELectspace ANALOGout VPROPF1 VPROPF2 Select memory table VPROPF1 for editing in following lines 3 25 3 44 MEMory TABLe SLOPespace Volts per Hz Set VPROPF slope in 1V GHz 3 26 MEMory TABLe UNITspace U...

Page 87: ...te register 3 36 STATus OPERation ENABlet Set Status Enable Mask TBA STATus OPERation EVENt Query operation event register result 3 37 STATus PRESet Clears all the status register value 3 37 3 47 SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB Collect Configuration of Control Interface TBA SYSTem COMMunicate SERial RECeive BAUDspace baud rate Set the receive baud rate TBA SYSTem COMMunicate SERial TRANsmit BAUDspace baud...

Page 88: ...nerally within the lower 15 dB of a sensor s dynamic range For standard sensors this is 55 dBm CAL Syntax CALibration sensor 1 or 2 SENSor Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr CAL1 Calibrate Sensor 1 Description This command begins the sensor power sweep calibration process Power sweep calibra tion can be performed only during Normal mode The sensor must be attached to the front panel CALIBRATOR use an adapter ...

Page 89: ...r If you cannot disable the signal source connect the sensor to a grounded connector preferably RF grounded or leave the sensor disconnected Do not connect the sensor to the power meter front panel calibrator port If the meter detects excessive RF power at the start of the zeroing process generally above 50 dBm for standard sensors zeroing will automatically fail SENS TEMP Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or...

Page 90: ...and output format of the buffer are dependent upon channel and measurement mode configuration For example if channel 1 is defined as sensor 1 and channel 2 is defined as sensor 2 1 the FETCh query command will return the power level incident upon sensor 1 and the ratio of the power levels incident upon sensor 2 and 1 FETCh is used with NORMal mode measurements when INITiate IMMediate is active and...

Page 91: ...t in the event status register upon completion of operation Special Errors An unusual or non sense numeric response such as 9e 40 indicates that you are getting an error response For instance if you have not performed the power sweep calibration procedure to calibrate the sensor to the power meter the response to a MEAS command will be 9 0000e 40 Selected basic SCPI syntax and execution errors app...

Page 92: ...type handshaking capability using the analog output BUS triggering is available for all operating modes BURSt SWIFt and NORMal IMMediate triggering allows the 8650A to free run and perform continuous measurements This is the default setting You may also want to INITiate on IMMediate to increase measurement speed During Normal Mode with both of these controls set to IMM power measurements can be re...

Page 93: ...ce instrument triggering sourc IMMediate BUS HOLD or EXTernal Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr TRIG SOUR IMM Set instrument measurement trigger source to IMMediate Description TRIG SOUR IMM sets trigger control to the 8650A BUS triggering sets the triggering control to the controller software using TRIG or TRG commands HOLD halts triggering sequences EXTernal sets triggering control to the front panel BNC c...

Page 94: ...TRIG DEL Syntax TRIGger DELayspace delay time between buffered readings in sec 0 000 to 5 000 Example 1 OUTPUT Pwr_mtr TRIG DEL 5e 3 Set Burst mode measurement time to 5 ms between measurements Example 2 OUTPUT Pwr_mtr TRIG DEL 0 Max measurement rate resolution 1 msec Description This command applies only to the BURSt Mode It sets the time interval between the measurements and is accurate to about...

Page 95: ...ls In the example shown below for this command that would be 100 points per channel Option 02 adds additional memory for 128 000 data point buffering When two sensors are attached and calibrated the maximum is 64 000 readings per channel During BURSt mode the COUNt of readings will be taken with just one instrument trigger During the SWIFt Mode however you can control the triggering of individual ...

Page 96: ...e MEAS or INIT with READ to perform the measurement Another legal measurement control option would be INIT with TRIG IMM and FETC When INITiate CONTinuous is ON the instrument triggering cycle resets continuously That is upon instrument triggering data is constantly being acquired and updated Upon completion of a trigger cycle the meter will immediately enter the wait for trigger state rather than...

Page 97: ...l 1 to measure Sensor 2 over Sensor 1 power Description This command configures a channel as a ratio of the power levels present at the two sensors When UNITs are dBm RATio configuration produces measurements in dB When UNITS are Watts RATio configuration measurements are percentage This command does not have a query format For the above example the response to a CALC1 query is RAT 2 1 This comman...

Page 98: ... logarithmic dBm units When UNIT is dBm the RATio configuration produces measurements in dB and POWer and DIFF measurements in dBm When UNIT is Watts the RATio configuration measurements are percentages and POWer and DIFF measure ments are in Watts CALC STAT Syntax CALCulate Channel 1 or 2 STATespace ON or OFF Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr CALC1 STAT OFF Disable channel 1 measurement Description This com...

Page 99: ...n FREQuency CW FIXed 5e7 Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS2 CORR FREQ 5e7 Set sensor 2 frequency to 50 MHz Description This command allows you to correct for sensor frequency response characteristics The power meter uses this frequency to automatically interpolate and apply the Cal Factor for that sensor computed from Cal Factor data points stored within each sensor s EEPROM Unless the EEPROM has been m...

Page 100: ...or 2 CORRection VPROpf STATe space ON OFF Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS1 CORR VPRO ON Enable sensor 1 VPROPF function Description Setting this control to ON activates VPROPF and deactivates SENS CORR FREQ Cal Factor Error Control See Error Messages in Section 3 2 32 Selected basic SCPI syntax and execution errors apply to these commands Device specific errors include the following and other 300 leve...

Page 101: ...easurement data while the measurement is completing during BURSt mode only This command is not used in NORMal or SWIFt Modes Operation is similar to using FETCh Both are instrument not channel commands That is when both sensors are connected calibrated and the channel set to ON this command will return power level data for both channels Operating Mode Control The Operating mode is controlled throu...

Page 102: ... DELayspace delay time between buffered readings in sec 0 000 to 5 000 Example 1 OUTPUT Pwr_mtr TRIG DEL 5e 3 Set Burst mode measurement time to 5 ms between measurements Example 2 OUTPUT Pwr_mtr TRIG DEL 0 Max measurement rate 5100 sec resolution one msec Description This command applies only to BURSt Mode It sets the time interval between the measurements it is accurate to about 5 This is the on...

Page 103: ...r The value specified here applies to each channel If two sensors are attached and calibrated the 8650A will perform the specified measurement and buffering for both channels In the example above that would be 100 points per channel During BURSt mode the COUNt of readings will be taken with just one instrument trig ger During SWIFt Mode however you can control the triggering of individual data poi...

Page 104: ... CALC MODE SWIF command to enter the SWIFt Mode IMM instrument triggering will remain IMM but a device specific error will be generated whenever you specify a TRIG COUN higher than 1 Using the FETCh measurement query you can take accurate measurements anyway do not set TRIG COUN Using FETCh when you have time dependent measurement processes can be a little tricky unless you use SRQs If the 8650A h...

Page 105: ...CW power and triggering is essentially disabled CW is automatically set by the 8650A during power sweep calibra tion do not apply any triggering to the peak power sensor during power sweep calibration Be sure to set the trigger level SENS TRIG LEV after the INTernal or EXTernal trig gering is selected Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 TRIGger DELay MAGnitude space delay in seconds from 20e 9 to 105e 3 SE...

Page 106: ...vent damage from triggering inputs such as 5 0 V TTL signals If you use a high speed 50 Ω trigger source this may cause unwanted signal reflections and noise on the trigger line An SMB to SMB attenuator is available from Giga tronics to alleviate this condition The attenuation reduces the reflected noise and reduces eliminates the noisy trigger characteristics 80340 Series Peak Power Sensors do no...

Page 107: ...sured minimum averaging is applied to optimize measurement speed As the power level drops additional averaging is applied to steady the measured data reading Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 AVERage TCONtrolspace data acquisition averaging method MOVing or REPeat Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS1 AVER TCON REP Set sensor 1 to acquire fresh measurement data before averaging Description The SENSe AVERage TCONt...

Page 108: ... relative measurements Description This command activates the meter s level reference to give it the ability to perform relative measurements Syntax CALCulate channel 1 or 2 REFerence MAGnitude dB Offset value from 299 999 to 299 999 Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr CAL2 REF 30 11 Set channel 2 reference offset value in dB Description This command sets the value to subtract from the channel measurement valu...

Page 109: ...utomatically respond with the actual power level output in its measurement data Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 CORRection OFFSet COLLect Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS1 CORR OFFS COLL Take sensor 1 current reading as offset value Description This command enters the current power level reading as the offset value Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 CORRection OFFSet MAGnitude space offset value in dB 99 99 to 99 9...

Page 110: ...ter enabled before sending CLS it will remain enabled afterward CLS also clears the output queue takes 0 3 sec to complete this function ESE Syntax ESEspace event status register value 0 to 255 Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr ESE 16 Enable bit 4 of event status register mask Description This command sets clears the event status register enable mask ESR Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr ESR Return event status registe...

Page 111: ...yntax STATus OPERation ENABlespace event register value 0 through 65535 Example OUTPUT PWR_mtr STAT OPER ENAB 1 Sets the Event Register enable mask Description This command sets the enable mask which allows true conditions in the event register to be reported in the summary bit STAT PRES Syntax STATus PRESet Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr STAT PRES Clears all the status register value Description This com...

Page 112: ...s function Figure 3 6 The SCPI Status Structure Registers Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used Waiting for BUS trigger BURSt SWIFt Not used Not used Not used Channel 1 lower limit crossed Channel 1 upper limit crossed Channel 2 lower limit corssed Channel 2 upper limit crossed Not used Not used Not used 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 OPERation Status 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ...

Page 113: ...ul to enable bit 7 of the event status register mask by sending the command ESE 128 In the default state the meter s event status register is masked or set to off None of the bits are enabled If an execution error occurs a service request will not be sent to the controller and the event status register will remain set to 0 The ESE command is used to enable individual bits These bits must be enable...

Page 114: ...and MAX value back to the current value you only need to set the STATe to ON again The STAT OFF does not need to be sent during reset of MIN and MAX values Individual sensor minimum and maximum power level variations can be monitored only if that sensor is defined directly to a channel with POW 1 or POW 2 MIN and MAX channel monitoring is only available in Normal Mode BURSt and SWIFt modes do not ...

Page 115: ...channel 1 minimum tracking Description This command activates the minimum channel value monitor Syntax CALCulate channel 1 or 2 MINimum MAGnitude Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr CALC1 MIN Query channel minimum value in dBm Response Lowest power reading since CALC2 MIN STAT ON was sent Description This command reports the value maintained as the minimum in the 8650A min monitor ...

Page 116: ...taneously Unless serial requests are enabled the CALCulate LIMit commands can not be configured to automatically alert the controller directly during a limit violation the 8650A must be queried to receive information regarding pass fail status of limit line violations Automatic notification of limit line violations is accomplished using the status byte and the operation register A controller can b...

Page 117: ...mand specifies the lower limit line power level The value should allow for any offset values currently in use The default value is 299 99 dB or dBm Syntax CALCulate channel 1 or 2 LIMit STATespace ON or OFF CALCulate LIMit STATespace Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr CALC1 LIM STAT ON Enable channel 1 upper and lower limit checking Response 0 off 1 on Description This command activates and deactivates the li...

Page 118: ...y table VpROPF1 for editing in following lines Description This command selects between one of three editable tables Using the meter s Analog Output capability requires you to configure the numerically linear power measurement to voltage output relationship by defining the corresponding end points of power and voltage MEM UNIT Syntax MEMory TABLe UNITspace choice of units dBm or Watt Example OUTPU...

Page 119: ...e VOLTagespace start value from 10 to 10 V comma stop value from 10 to 10 V Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr MEM VOLT 7 2 Set analog out voltage range from 8 to 2 volts corresponding to power Description This command is not units dependent It selects the beginning and end points of the voltage levels which you desire to be present at the analog output These voltages correspond to the power end points that a...

Page 120: ...es can not be saved in the configuration memory reg isters Sensors must be calibrated to the 8650A power meter each time a new sensor is attached RCL Syntax RCLspace memory location number 0 to 20 Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr RCL 19 Recall 8650A register 19 Description Recalls instrument configuration 0 is the PRESet configuration SAV Syntax SAVespace memory location number 1 to 20 Example OUTPUT Pwr_mt...

Page 121: ...that these are not the power ON conditions SYSTem PRESet Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SYST PRES Reset 8650A configuration Description This command resets the 8650A configuration to a known condition SYST PRES is identical in function to RST Command Default Minimum Maximum Table 3 4 Reset and Power on Default Commands Command Default Minimum Maximum CALCulate1 CHANnel CALCulate2 CHANnel POWer 1 POWer 2 C...

Page 122: ...e 3 20 0 5 000 TRIGger COUNt DELay MODE SOURce 1 0 000 POST IMMediate 0 0 000 128000 5 000 UNIT1 2 POWer dBm POWER ON will override the internal battery back up memory and reset only the following configuration items as shown below All other configuration items will remain the same as was true before power OFF CALCulate1 2 MODE NORMal INITiate CONTinuous OFF MEMory TABLe SELect ANALOGout OUTput RO...

Page 123: ...tify query command defined by IEEE 488 2 Upon receipt of this command the power meter will output a string that identifies itself as the Giga tronics 8650A and indicates the firmware version number SENS CORR EEPROM TYPE Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 CORRection EEPROM TYPE Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS1 CORR EEPROM TYPE Query sensor 1 EEPROM type Response 80301 1818436 which is model number and serial n...

Page 124: ...RRection EEPROM TYPE SENSe CORRection EEPROM CALFactor SENSe CORRection EEPROM FREQuency Syntax SENSe sensor 1 or 2 CORRection EEPROM TYPE Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SENS1 CORR EEPROM TYPE Query sensor 1 EEPROM type Response Typically 80301 1818436 which is model number and serial number respectively Description This command allows your program to verify correct sensor usage and monitor whether power ...

Page 125: ...e 0 if all is OK otherwise it returns a value of 1 3 2 32 Error Messages SYSTem ERRor Syntax SYSTem ERRor Example OUTPUT Pwr_mtr SYST ERR Query system error message Description This command reads error messages from the error buffer Use CLS and CLEAR PM_address to clear the SYST ERR buffer just prior to entering measurement configu rations and measurement routines A listing of compatible standard ...

Page 126: ... eeprom data correction factor number does not match No sensor DIAGnostic SENSe1 EEPROM READ No valid sensor No sensor DIAGnostic SENSe1 EEPROM CALFSPecial DIAGnostic SENSe1 EEPROM CALFSTandard No valid sensor Sensor eeprom data is over space Sensor eeprom data cal factor number does not match No sensor Too much data DIAGnostic SENSe EEPROM FREQSTandard No valid sensor Sensor eeprom data is over s...

Page 127: ...ft mode is on TRIG SOUR is not in IMM mode SENSe1 EEPROM CALFactor SENSe1 EEPROM FREQuency No valid sensor Sensor eeprom data is over space No sensor Too much data SENSe1 CORRection VPROpf STATe No valid sensor No sensor SENSe1 TRIGger DELay SENSe1 TRIGger LEVel No valid sensor Sensor is in CW source mode No pulse sensor SENSe1 TRIGger DELay STATe ON No valid sensor No pulse sensor TRIGger COUNter...

Page 128: ...ement and for setting relative mode limits min max and statistics All subsequent commands will apply to the same display line number Function codes are listed alphabetically in the Command Code Sets in this section Prefixes Some commands must begin with a prefix that identifies the sensor to which the command applies For example function code ZE which causes a sensor to be zeroed must be combined ...

Page 129: ...and time are identified by name within the string Many variables are qualitative rather than quantitative they select from among the various modes or options available for a particular function Suffixes Some commands require a terminating suffix For example the function code DY specifies a duty cycle It requires an AE or BE prefix to identify the sensor and a numeric variable to indicate the duty ...

Page 130: ...E DY n EN or PCT or Variables are shown within brackets In this example the prefix can be AE or BE the function is DY a numerical variable n follows the function and the suffix at the end can be EN PCT or Possible commands which use this example format include AE DY 42 and BE DY 29 5 EN Because the Model 8651A supports only one sensor the AE and BE prefixes can be omitted from any command issued t...

Page 131: ... complete query PRE Parallel poll Enable Register command PRE Parallel poll Enable Register query RST Software reset 3 19 9 SRE Set the service request mask 3 19 13 SRE Ask for service request mask 3 19 13 STB Ask for status byte 3 19 13 Function Commands 1 Set service request mask 3 19 13 2 Set learn mode 2 data 3 14 2 ID Ask for instrument ID 3 13 AD Measure A B 3 19 12 AE Select sensor A or ana...

Page 132: ...FR Frequency 3 12 2 GATE Time gating function 3 11 GT0 Cancel GET 3 16 2 GT1 GET single measurement 3 16 2 GT2 GET full measurement with settling 3 16 2 HIST Histogram display 3 19 19 ID Ask for instrument ID 3 13 KB Enter cal factor 3 6 LG Log units dB or dBm 3 19 6 LH Set high limit 3 15 LL Set low limit 3 15 LM0 Disable limit checking 3 15 LM1 Enable limit checking 3 15 LN Linear units Watts or...

Page 133: ...ffset value 3 19 5 3 19 6 PAP PAP mode 3 18 PEAK Peak sensor settings 3 19 8 PH0 Peak hold off 3 19 7 PH1 Peak hold on 3 19 7 PKH Ask for peak hold value 3 19 7 PR Preset the 8650A 3 19 9 PULSE Peak sensor settings 3 19 8 RE Display resolution 3 19 11 RL0 Disable relative measurement 3 19 10 RL1 Enable relative measurement 3 19 10 RL2 Use old reference for relative measurement 3 19 10 RV Ask for s...

Page 134: ...al Status Query OPC Operation complete command OPC Operation complete query PRE Parallel Poll Enable Register PRE Parallel Poll Enable Register query RST Software reset 3 19 9 STB Ask for status byte 3 19 13 SRE Set the service request mask 3 19 13 SRE Ask for service request mask 3 19 13 IDN Ask for instrument ID 3 13 Function Commands 1 Set service request mask 3 19 13 2 Set learn mode 2 data 3 ...

Page 135: ...3 11 GT0 Cancel GET 3 16 2 GT1 GET single measurement 3 16 2 GT2 GET full measurement with settling 3 16 2 ID Ask for instrument ID 3 13 KB Enter cal factor 3 6 LG Log units dB or dBm 3 19 6 LH Set high limit 3 15 LL Set low limit 3 15 LM0 Disable limit checking 3 15 LM1 Enable limit checking 3 15 LN Linear units Watts or 3 19 16 LP1 Ask for learn mode 1 string 3 14 1 LP2 Ask for learn mode 2 outp...

Page 136: ...ution 3 19 11 RL0 Disable relative measurement 2 2 3 RL1 Enable relative measurement 2 2 3 RL2 Use old reference for relative measurement 2 2 3 RV Ask for service request mask 3 19 13 SCPI Switches to SCPI command mode SM Ask for status message 3 19 13 ST Store instrument state 3 19 15 SWIFT Swift mode 3 17 4 TR0 Trigger hold mode 3 16 TR1 Trigger single measurement 3 16 TR2 Trigger full measure w...

Page 137: ...ing a single sensor and not measuring in a relative mode the power will be scaled to a range of 0 to 1 volts representing the relative power within the current 10 dB range of the 8650A The range hold and set range commands will simulate locking the range of power represented by the output voltage In HP436 emulation the specified range is also indicated in the power data strings returned to the hos...

Page 138: ...te Function Commands 1 Prefix for Status Mask 2 Learn mode prefix CL CAL1 CS Clear the Status Byte CT0 CT9 clear sensor data tables 0 thru 9 ignored DA Test LCD display DC0 Duty Cycle on DC1 Duty Cycle off DD Display disable DE Display enable DN down arrow emulation ignored DU Display user message DY Duty Cycle enter duty cycle value ERR device error query ET0 ET9 edit sensor cal factor table 0 th...

Page 139: ...0 to 1 volts representing the relative power within the current 10 dB range of the 8650A The range hold and set range commands will simulate locking the range of power represented by the output voltage LP2 HP437 learn mode LT Left arrow ignored OC0 Reference oscillator off OC1 Reference oscillator on OD Output display text ignored OF0 Offset off Local OF1 Offset on Local OS Offset enter offset val...

Page 140: ... Measure B A BE Specifies the B sensor BP Measure sensor B BR Measure B A CL1 Calibrate sensor precede with AE or BE CS Clear status byte DA Test LCD display DD Display disable DE Display enable FA Set auto average filtering precede with AE or BE FM Set averaging number GT0 Group execute trigger cancel GT1 Group execute trigger single measurement GT2 Group execute trigger full measurement with set...

Page 141: ...easuring in a relative mode the power will be scaled to a range of 0 to 1 volts representing the relative power within the current 10 dB range of the 8650A The range hold and set range commands will simulate locking the range of power represented by the output voltage RA2 Resume autorange not supported RC Recall previous instrument state RH2 Do a range hold RL0 Turn off rel mode RL1 Turn on rel mo...

Page 142: ...t is Syntax ANALOG STD or OPT TOP or BOT LG or LN a b c d STD or OPT specifies the analog output A or B respectively LG or LN specifies logarithmic dBm or linear Watts measurement The command string ends with four numeric variables with at least one separator charac ter between each pair of them which define the relationship between the input power range and the output voltage range a power level ...

Page 143: ...surement the variation target value is expressed as a percentage of average power Default values for this Measurement Settling Target are Because the target value affects the speed of measurement it is possible to increase measurement speed by increasing the target value a small increase in the target value can result in a large increase in speed If the auto averaging mode is selected using the fr...

Page 144: ... Manual Averaging The averaging number can be specified directly The commands for this purpose are based on the FM function The command format is Syntax AE or BE FM v EN AE or BE prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B FM specifies manual averaging v has allowable values of 0 through 10 Each value represents a particular averaging number The numbers are shown in Table 3 13 A terminating suffix is re...

Page 145: ...ither by means of the front panel FREQ key by means of the GPIB FR command see FREQUENCY Section 3 12 2 or by means of the VPROPF input Once the frequency has been specified the 8650A automatically applies the appropriate cal factor to each reading The KB function code specifies a cal factor which is to be used in place of the cal factors stored in the sensor EEPROM The command format is Syntax AE...

Page 146: ... the calibration process to function If the sensor is not attached the calibration will fail and operation will continue as before 3 7 1 Calibration Routine The following is an example of a GPIB program to calibrate a sensor It is strongly recommended that this format be followed for remote calibration Note that the service request feature is used to determine when the calibration has completed th...

Page 147: ...er level Example OUTPUT 713 TEST CALIB POWER 10 Sets the calibrator output power at 10 dBm Syntax TEST CALIB POWER Example OUTPUT 713 TEST CALIB POWER Query the calibrator output power level These commands set and query the calibrator frequency for Option 12 Syntax TEST CALIB FREQ d HZ KZ MZ GZ Example OUTPUT 713 TEST CALIB FREQ 800 0 MZ Sets the calibrator frequency to 800 MHz Syntax TEST CALIB F...

Page 148: ... specify which channel display line will be assigned to all subsequent commands that are affected The affected commands are LG LN RE RL 0 1 2 LH LL LM 0 1 MAX MIN MIN 0 1 and STAT Syntax AE or BE CH n EN where n 1 2 3 or 4 line number Example OUTPUT 713 BE CH 3 EN The commands to follow apply to sensor B and display line 3 ...

Page 149: ...and will disable Peak Hold and Min Max measurements Sending a CR1 command after the Crest Factor is enabled will reset both the Crest Factor and Peak Hold see Section 3 19 7 3 8 2 Reading the Crest Factor Value The Crest Factor value is read over the bus using a simple command Syntax AE or BE CRF Example OUTPUT 713 AE CRF Send the crest factor value for sensor A The Crest Factor feature monitors t...

Page 150: ...xamples OUTPUT 713 DE activate the LCD display this has the effect of canceling a DA or DD command OUTPUT 713 DA Performs a test of the display OUTPUT713 DD Disable the display Displaying a Message The DU function can show a test message in the LCD display window The command format for this purpose is Syntax DU string The test message string can contain up to 32 characters Example OUTPUT 713 DU TH...

Page 151: ...he duty cycle for sensor A OUTPUT 713 BE DC1 turn on the duty cycle for sensor B 3 10 2 Specifying a Duty Cycle The commands which specify a duty cycle are based on the DY function The command format is Syntax AE or BE DY n EN or PCT or AE or BE prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B DY specifies a duty cycle value it also configures the sensor to Pulse Average Power mode Therefore this function in...

Page 152: ...ancels the time gating function Gated selects the External Gating Mode in which measurements are taken while the trigger input signal is true Trigger selects the External Trigger Mode and initiates a sequence of timers for defining the measurement duration External Gating Mode Gate Polarity This specifies the external signal TTL high or low level as true for defining the gated time External Trigge...

Page 153: ...tion will be set up in the External Gating Mode Example OUTPUT 713 GATEA EDGE INVERT or NONINVERT INVERT and NONINVERT specify the polarity of the trigger input signal In the External Gating Mode INVERT specifies that measurements can be taken when the trigger input is low and NONINVERT specifies the measurements can be taken when the trigger input is high In the External Trigger Mode INVERT speci...

Page 154: ...tion of 5 µs This parameter is relevant only in the External Trigger Mode For example if the command Example OUTPUT 713 GATEA HOLDOFF 0 is sent the External Trigger Mode will be enabled on channel A with no holdoff delay Error Codes If you specify a channel where no sensor is connected or it is a peak sensor not in CW mode then the Entry Error bit of the Status byte is set as well as the Execution...

Page 155: ...rmat is Syntax EEPROM A or B CALF or FREQ A or B specifies Sensor A or Sensor B CALF queries the cal factors The cal factor data is output as a table of cal factors expressed in dB separated by commas FREQ queries the frequencies which correspond to the cal factors The frequency data is output as a table of frequencies expressed in Hz separated by commas Examples OUTPUT 713 EEPROM A CALF Query sen...

Page 156: ... has a cal factor of zero Commands which specify a frequency are based on the FR function The command format is Syntax AE or BE FR n HZ or KZ or MZ or GZ AE or BE prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B FR specifies a frequency value n specifies the frequency value the units are Hz kHz MHz or GHz depending on the terminating suffix used A terminating suffix is required HZ KZ MZ or GZ Examples OUTPUT...

Page 157: ...the configuration choices that were made from the front panel under the Config GPIB menu In the 8651A modes the ID string consists of four fields separated by commas Field 1 is the manufacturer GIGA TRONICS Field 2 is the model 8651A 8652A 8541C or 8542C Field 3 is the serial number field it displays the serial number of the calibrator EEPROM Field 4 is the software version number Example strings ...

Page 158: ...returns information regarding the current GPIB operational configuration such as the trigger mode which would not be covered by the store recall function The learn modes do not support many of the advanced features of the 8650A The learn modes involve transmission of long strings of data between the controller and the 8650A These strings must be transmitted without interruption transmissions canno...

Page 159: ...tring and the order in which it is sent Sending the String The power meter can be restored to the configuration described in the Learn Mode 1 string by sending the string to the 8650A Table 3 14 Learn Mode 1 Output Format Parameter Output from the Power Meter1 Trigger Mode TRd Measurement Mode AP BP AR BR AD or BD SENSOR A PARAMETERS Cal Factor Offset Range Filter Low Limit High Limit AE KB ddd d ...

Page 160: ...nd 2 followed by a string of 28 58 for the 437 emulation mode 8 bit binary bytes The last byte is sent with EOI true Learn Mode 2 requires a controller that can receive and send information in binary form The Learn Mode 2 string contains the following information Measurement mode REL mode status on or off Reference oscillator status on or off Current reference value if in REL mode Measurement unit...

Page 161: ...sable limit checking OUTPUT 713 LM1 enable limit checking Before enabling limit checking LM1 you must set the high and low limits LH and LL Once enabled the Status Byte bit 4 will signal a too high or too low condition The status message AA bytes will indicate a too high condition error code 21 or a too low condition error code 23 Status Message byte L contains the limit status 0 indicates within ...

Page 162: ...asurements with limits are enabled by the command Syntax LM1 Example OUTPUT 713 AP LM1 Measure sensor A and enable limit checking This measures Sensor A with the previously set LL and LH limits Example OUTPUT 713 BP LM1 Measure sensor B and enable limit checking This measures Sensor B with previously set LL and LH limits ...

Page 163: ...he GPIB buffer Example OUTPUT713 TR0 Select the trigger hold mode Trigger Immediate TR1 This command triggers a single reading the reading is added to the internal digital filter An ENTER statement will return the updated filter power level After a TR1 command the instrument returns to the standby mode Example OUTPUT 713 TR1 Trigger a single measurement Trigger Immediate with Full Averaging TR2 Th...

Page 164: ...o wait for a GPIB GET command When the GET command is received it triggers a single reading which is added to the internal digital filter An ENTER statement will return the updated filter power level After a GT1 command the instrument is placed in the standby mode Example OUTPUT 713 GT1 Group execute trigger single measurement Group Trigger Immediate with Full Averaging GT2 This mode is similar to...

Page 165: ... a unique implementation in the Swift and Fast Buffered modes Note that in standard measurement collection modes and in the Fast Modulated modes the averaging factor is taken to indicate the amount of filtering desired Each measurement which is returned to the host is a true running average for a period of time which is derived from the averaging factor In the Swift and Fast Buffered modes the ave...

Page 166: ...ia the FR or KB command but not via the VPROPF function define the offset if any define the averaging via the FA or FM command and define the duty cycle if applicable When a fast mode is initiated the display will blank and a message will display indicating the fast mode selected 3 17 2 Data Output Formats for Fast Modes The data output formats for fast measurement collection are illustrated below...

Page 167: ...erage power measurement mode it is a vestige of the terminology applicable to previous models For the FBUF commands the command format is Syntax FBUF PRE or POST GET or TTL BUFFER b TIME t PRE or POST define the relationship between the measurement period and the trigger PRE the trigger marks the end of the measurement period The 8650A will continuously take measurements and buffer them until a tr...

Page 168: ...yond those actually taken are represented by the number 300 00 OFF causes the 8650A to exit the fast buffered mode All unread data is lost Examples OUTPUT 713 FBUF DUMP Stop measurement and buffering OUTPUT 713 FBUF OFF Exit the fast buffered mode Notes on Speed in the Fast Buffered Mode The fast buffered mode is the fastest method of collecting measurement data Top speed in the fast buffered mode...

Page 169: ...ER b GET or TTL define the trigger GET the expected trigger is a GPIB GET command The 8650A signals the host by asserting SRQ every time it is ready to take a measurement TTL the expected trigger is a TTL high at the rear panel trigger input For triggered measurements the 8650A signals the host every time it is ready to take a measurement consisting of a set of samples equal to the averaging numbe...

Page 170: ... measurements on two sensors in swift freerun mode OUTPUT 713 APBP OUTPUT 713 SWIFT FREERUN WAIT 0 5 FOR I 1 to 20 ENTER 713 ReadA ReadB PRINT ReadA ReadB NEXT I OUTPUT 713 SWIFT OFF The following program can be used to measure buffer and print 30 readings on each of two sensors REAL DataA 30 DataB 30 OUTPUT 713 SWIFT GET BUFFER 30 WAIT 0 5 FOR I 1 to 30 srq_flag 0 TRIGGER 713 send group execute t...

Page 171: ...tivate this mode are based on the FMOD function code Syntax FMOD ON or OFF ON or OFF enables or disables the fast modulated mode When the fast modulated mode is enabled data will be taken and returned continuously This is analogous to the swift freerun mode The fast modulated mode cannot be initiated unless a modulated measurement MAP PAP or BAP is being performed Examples OUTPUT 713 FMOD ON Enabl...

Page 172: ... work only with a modulated sensor Possible GPIB entry errors 60 61 uncalibrated or missing sensor A B 62 63 not a modulated sensor or two sensor operation active A B Examples OUTPUT 713 MAP A select MAP mode for sensor A OUTPUT 713 MAP B select MAP mode for sensor B If an irregularly modulated signal is measured in MAP mode measurement settling time will vary as the power meter attempts to synchr...

Page 173: ... mode for sensor A OUTPUT 713 PAP B select PAP mode for sensor B 3 18 4 BAP Mode Commands which specify the burst average power measurement mode are based on the BAP function code Syntax BAP A or B A or BE specifies Sensor A or Sensor B These commands will work only with a modulated sensor Possible GPIB entry errors 60 61 uncali brated or missing sensor A B 62 63 not a modulated sensor or two sens...

Page 174: ...y commands are based on the MEAS function code Notes 1 MAP SYNC OFF will be returned if MAP mode synchronization has been disabled 2 BAP a b c will be returned if any of the advanced features have been enabled In this message a represents the burst start exclude time in ms b represents the burst end exclude time in ms and c represents burst dropout time in ms The value ranges are 0 000 a 45 548 0 ...

Page 175: ... burst for BAP measurements on sensor A OUTPUT 713 BE BSTE 3 EN exclude three samples 0 354 ms from start of burst for BAP measurements on sensor B 3 19 2 Burst End Exclude Commands which cause the end of a burst to be excluded from measurement are based on the BSPE function code this feature is available only in BAP mode Syntax AE or BE BSPE a EN AE or BE prefix specifies Sensor A or Sensor B a s...

Page 176: ...PUT 713 AE BTDP 02 EN set dropout time to 02 ms or nearest 030 ms discrete value for BAP measurements on sensor A OUTPUT 713 BE BTDP 06 EN set dropout time to 06 ms or nearest 059 ms discrete discrete value for BAP measurements on sensor B 3 19 4 Min Max Power Value The Min Max feature monitors the measurements being taken and maintains a continuously updated record of the highest and lowest value...

Page 177: ...eceived To monitor for a limit violation the Limits feature may be more useful see Section 3 15 The Min Max feature returns the current Min Max values as displayed on the front panel A Min or Max commands does not initiate data collection in same manner as a trigger command such as TR1 To get a good reading of Min Max values the procedure is 1 Set up the signal being measured and send MN1 to reset...

Page 178: ...able offset for sensor B Setting an Offset Value The commands which specify the offset value are based on the OS function code Syntax AE or BE OS n EN AE or BE specifies Sensor A or Sensor B OS indicates that an offset is being specified for the sensor n specifies the offset in dB The value of n can range from 99 999 dB to 99 999 A terminating suffix EN is required Example OUTPUT 713 AE OS 20 00 E...

Page 179: ... A BP B AR A B BR B A AD A B BD B A OS followed by DO indicates that the difference between the current offset and the current value of the measurement described in the prefix is to be saved as an offset value A terminating suffix EN is required Examples OUTPUT 713 AP OS DO EN Save measurement A as an offset OUTPUT 713 BP OS DO EN Save measurement B as an offset OUTPUT 713 AR OS DO EN Save measure...

Page 180: ...ple commands consisting of one of two function codes Syntax AE or BE PH0 or PH1 Examples OUTPUT 713 AE PH1 Enable the Peak Hold feature for sensor A OUTPUT 713 BE PH0 Disable the Peak Hold feature for sensor B Description Like the MN0 and CR0 commands The PH0 command will disable Crest Factor and Min Max measurements Sending the PH1 command after Peak Hold is enabled will reset it Peak Hold will a...

Page 181: ...ing at a trigger level of 10 00 dBm OUTPUT 713 PEAK B EXT TRIG 1 50 Configure sensor B for external triggering at a trigger level of 1 50 Vdc The command format for selecting the CW mode is Syntax PEAK A or B CW A or B specifies Sensor A or Sensor B CW specifies the CW mode Example OUTPUT 713 PEAK A CW Configure sensor A for CW measurements A delay between the trigger and the actual measurement ca...

Page 182: ...at for trigger settings is Syntax PEAK A or B A or B Sensor A or Sensor B Example OUTPUT 713 PEAK A Query the current sensor A trigger setting OUTPUT 713 TRIG Enter the returned string into the string variable TRIG The possible replies to the query are CW INT_TRIG and EXT_TRIG Delay and Delay Offset The query format for delay and delay offset settings is Syntax PEAK A or B DELAY or OFFSET A or B s...

Page 183: ... panel menus This difference has to do with measurement units If the 8650A is preset from the front panel this sets the measurement units to dBm in all cases If the 8650A is preset over the bus this sets the measurement units to Watts in the case of HP438 emulation and has no effect at all in the case of HP436 emulation otherwise it sets the measurement units to dBm This distinction is made to acc...

Page 184: ...tivated by an RL0 command the effect of RL2 is to restore the reference level that was saved in response to the RL1 command Examples OUTPUT 713 AE RL0 Disable the relative mode for sensor A OUTPUT 713 BE RL1 Enable the relative mode for sensor B save the current level as a reference OUTPUT 713 BE RL2 Replace the current reference level for Sensor B with the previous level 3 19 11 Resolution Comman...

Page 185: ...ding the SRQ bus control line true issuing the Require Service message bit position 6 in the Status Byte and the bit representing the condition causing the Require Service message to be issued will both be true The bits in the Status Byte are latched but can be cleared by sending the Clear Status CS program code The condition indicated in Bits 1 5 must be enabled by the Service Request Mask to cau...

Page 186: ...nds by sending an ASCII 3 digit value from 0 to 255 that describes the present state of the register This ASCII value is arrived at by summing the weighted values of the transmitted bits The ESR bits consist of the following Power On This bit will always be set Command Error This bit is set when an improper GPIB code is sent to the instrument The command WT would be considered a command error for ...

Page 187: ...at The output format is as follows AAaaBBCCccDDddEFGHIJKLMNOP CR LF AA Measurement Error Code aa Entry Error Code BB Operating Mode CC Sensor A Range cc Sensor B Range DD Sensor A Filter dd Sensor B Filter E Measurement Units F Active Entry Channel G Oscillator Status H REL Mode Status I Trigger Mode J Group Trigger Mode K Limits Checking Status L Limits Status M NA N Offset Status O Duty Cycle Un...

Page 188: ...nnection to Calibrator reference must be 1 00 mW 06 Cannot Cal sensor B Check sensor B connection to Calibrator reference must be 1 00 mW 21 Over limit An over limit condition has occurred 23 Under limit An under limit condition has occurred 26 Sensor A unable to synchronize burst average power measurements to a pulse stream Check measurement setup and RF signal 27 Sensor B unable to synchronize b...

Page 189: ...Crest Factor features This may be set due to receipt of a CR1 or PH1 command Peak Hold and Crest Factor can be enabled only in MAP PAP or BAP modes 68 Unable to initiate fast measurement collection mode Verify using modulation sensor and measurement mode selections 70 Entered peak sensor A data error Check entered data 71 Entered peak sensor B data error Check entered data 72 Entered peak sensor A...

Page 190: ...ge 11 1 12 2 13 3 14 4 15 5 DD dd Sensor A filter Sensor B filter Manual Filter 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 Auto Filter 10 0 11 1 12 2 13 3 14 4 15 5 16 6 17 7 18 8 19 9 E Measurement Units 0 Watts 1 dBm F Active Entry Channel A A B B G Calibrator Output Status 0 Off 1 On H REL Mode Status 0 Off 1 On I Trigger Mode 0 Freerun 1 Hold J Group Trigger Mode 0 GTO 1 GT1 2 GT2 K Lim...

Page 191: ...ata is raw setup data Example OUTPUT 713 SETUP 7 data stores a setup to ID 7 or loads setup data to setup ID 7 3 19 15 Store and Recall The instrument s current configuration can be saved in a register for later recall Saving a Configuration The commands for saving the instrument state are based on the ST function code Syntax ST r EN ST is the Save function code r identifies the register in which ...

Page 192: ... set Log units dB or dBm OUTPUT 713 LN set Linear units Watts or These commands affect all types of measurements except for the fast measurement collection modes These modes always return measurement readings in dBm 3 19 17 VPROP PROP PROP PROPF Feature The VPROPF feature Voltage Proportional to Frequency provides a means of indicating to the 8650A the approximate frequency of the signal that it i...

Page 193: ...VPROPF for sensor B Configuring VPROP PROP PROP PROPF The command format for purposes of configuring the VPROPF feature is as follows Syntax VPROPF A or B MODE f s A or B specifies Sensor A and Sensor B MODE indicates that the VPROPF feature is being configured that is the start frequency and slope are being specified f indicates the start frequency the frequency at zero volts expressed in Hz The ...

Page 194: ...utine ON INTR 7 GOSUB Srq_interrupt setup serial poll interrupt jump location ENABLE INTR 7 2 enable SRQ interrupts OUTPUT 713 SRE010 set service request mask to 2 OUTPUT 713 CS clear status byte OUTPUT 713 ZE start zero Flag 0 reset control flag WHILE Flag 0 wait while zeroing END WHILE RETURN Srq_interrupt SRQ interrupts jump here OUTPUT 713 STB ENTER 713 State IF BIT State 1 THEN PRINT GOOD ZER...

Page 195: ...aximum If the histogram format is dBm the range value is dBm if the histogram format is linear the range value is linear Syntax HIST RANGE M Examples OUTPUT 713 HIST 20 10 Set the histogram range from 20 to 10 dBm Enabling and Disabling Histograms HIST HIST HIST HIST This command sets up or exits the histogram mode Histograms can only be activated from normal measurement mode Selecting sensor A or...

Page 196: ... Strip Chart The Strip Chart function allows you to view the varying power levels of a signal over a period of time Strip Pause Resume This command pauses and resumes the collection of strip chart data There is no strip chart activation command Syntax STRIP PAUSE or RESUME Examples OUTPUT 713 STRIP PAUSE Pause strip chart data collection OUTPUT 713 STRIP RESUME Resume strip chart data collection S...

Page 197: ... as the input and display Statistic can display only if active the GPIB measurement line is not showing a secondary measurement Syntax STAT ON OFF Example OUTPUT 713 STAT ON Enable the statistic function Statistics Query This command queries statistics data of the current active GPIB measurement line Error measurement is returned if statistic is not active Syntax STAT Example OUTPUT 713 STAT Query...

Page 198: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters 3 124 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 199: ...istor Power Meter HP 432A VRF and VCOMP available externally Thermistor Mount HP 478A H75 1 07 VSWR 50 MHz 30 dB return loss Accuracy 0 5 50 MHz Digital Voltmeter DVM HP 34401A 0 05 accuracy 1 µV resolution Directional Coupler 10 dB Mini Circuits ZFDC 10 1 10 dB 1 15 SWR 50 MHz Step Attenuator 0 to 90 dB in 10 dB increments Weinschel Model AC 118A 90 33 1 15 SWR 50 MHz 0 1 dB attenuation RF Source...

Page 200: ...1 mW 1 9 1 2 accuracy 0 5 verification system error 0 2 transfer error for a maximum error of 1 9 To ensure maximum accuracy in verifying the Calibrator Output power reference the following procedure provides step by step instructions for using specified test instruments of known capability If equivalent test instruments are substituted refer to the Key Characteristics section in Table 4 1 Procedu...

Page 201: ...ication observed on the DVM as VCOMP 10 Repeat Step 7 except select OFF to turn the Calibrator off 11 Calculate the Calibrator Output level PCAL using the following formula where PCAL calibrator output power reference level VCOMP previously recorded value in Step 8 V1 previously recorded value in Step 7 V0 previously recorded value in Step 6 R 200Ω assuming HP478A H75 mount Calibration factor valu...

Page 202: ...ibrator 1 Connect the frequency counter to the calibrator output connector 2 Turn ON the calibrator according to the procedure given in Procedure Step 8 on the previous page 3 Measure 49 to 51 MHz 4 Set the calibrator frequency to 1 000 GHz with Option 12 only 5 Measure 999 5 MHz to 1 0005 GHz with Option 12 only 6 Turn the calibrator OFF ...

Page 203: ...ting The instrument plus power sensor linearity test is valid when the sensor has been calibrated using the front panel calibrator at a temperature between 0 C and 50 C 32 F to 122 F and if operating within 5 C 9 F of that calibration temperature It is recommended that the verification be done in the order described since some of the steps use the configuration from a previous step 4 4 1 Equipment...

Page 204: ...n assembling the test setup shown in Figure 4 2 keep in mind that if testing is to be conducted with Low VSWR or High Power sensors the optional RF Amplifier must have frequency and bandwidth parameters to match the sensor s characteristics see the Sensor Selection Guide in Chapter 1 if unsure of characteristics and the Directional Coupler must be increased as stated above for the particular serie...

Page 205: ...and then zero the 8650A The 8650A is zeroed by pressing ZERO CAL and then following the softkey label instruc tions 2 Set the step attenuator to 0 dB after the 8650A has zeroed 3 Set the power output of the RF source so that the thermistor power meter indicates 1 00 mW 0 025 mV 4 Record the calculated power meter reading and the displayed 8650A reading in the correct columns of the Linearity Data ...

Page 206: ...IB Port on the rear of the 8650A 3 Send the command if emulating an HP 438 IDN or ID IDN is the IEEE 488 2 Common ID query When addressed to talk after receiving the com mand the 8650A will output a string that identifies itself as Model 8651A or 8652A 4 Display the response on the controller This completes the Specification and Performance Verification Test for the 8650A Universal Power Meter and...

Page 207: ...m Actual Reading Maximum 0 981 mW 1 019 mW Linearity Data 16 dBm to 20 dBm Step Attenuator Value Power Set Point Power Meter Reading P 8650A DUT Reading R Reference Power Ratio 8650A DUT Reading Ratio Linearity Error 1 Linearity Specification Accumulated Linearity Error2 0 dB 1 00 mW 0 025 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 R1 R2 3 98 mW 0 10 mW P2 R2 1 Same as Lin error above 0 dB 3 98 mW 0 10 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 R1 R2 5...

Page 208: ...ading R Reference Power Ratio 8650A DUT Reading Ratio Linearity Error 1 Linearity Specification Accumulated Linearity Error2 0 dB See Note 3 1 Same as Lin error above 10 dB 1 00 mW 0 025 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 R1 R2 10 00 mW 0 25 mW P2 R2 1 20 dB 1 00 mW 0 025 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 R1 R2 10 00 mW 0 25 mW P2 R2 1 30 dB 1 00 mW 0 025 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 R1 R2 10 00 mW 0 25 mW P2 R2 1 40 dB 1 00 mW 0 025 mW P1 R1 P1 P2 ...

Page 209: ...tart of measurement loop OUTPUT 713 TR2 Trigger full measurement with settling ENTER 713 Reading Read the data over the bus into variable N PRINT Reading GO TO Main Calibrate calibration routine ON INTR 7 GOSUB Srq_interrupt setup serial poll interrupt jump location ENABLE INTR 7 2 enable SRQ interrupts OUTPUT 713 SRE002 set service request mask to 2 OUTPUT 713 CS clear status byte OUTPUT 713 CLEN...

Page 210: ...NNEL 114 GOSUB Timeloop4 120 130 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT FREERUN 140 WAIT 1 150 PRINT 160 PRINT SWIFT MODE SINGLE CHANNEL 170 GOSUB Timeloop2 180 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT OFF 181 190 PRINT 200 PRINT END OF SINGLE CHANNEL MODE 210 PRINT CONNECT B SENSOR FOR NEXT SET OF TESTS 211 PRINT PRESS RETURN WHEN READY 212 OUTPUT Giga tronics DU CONNECT B SENSOR 220 INPUT A 221 OUTPUT Giga tronics DE 223 2...

Page 211: ... Timeloop3 600 T1 TIMEDATE 610 FOR I 1 TO 100 620 OUTPUT Giga tronics AP 630 ENTER Giga tronics A I 640 OUTPUT Giga tronics BP 650 ENTER Giga tronics B I 660 NEXT I 670 T2 TIMEDATE 680 PRINT 100 T2 T1 PER SECOND BOTH CHANNELS 690 OUTPUT Giga tronics AP 700 RETURN 701 702 Timeloop4 703 T1 TIMEDATE 704 FOR I 1 TO 100 705 OUTPUT Giga tronics TR2 706 ENTER Giga tronics A I 709 NEXT I 710 T2 TIMEDATE 7...

Page 212: ...713 80 N 100 90 OPTION BASE 1 110 REAL Nums 100 120 OUTPUT Giga tronics PR LG 130 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT FREERUN 140 WAIT 5 145 WINDOW 1 N 70 20 150 Mainloop 151 FOR I 1 TO N 170 ENTER Giga tronics Nums I 180 NEXT I 190 GCLEAR 200 PEN 2 210 GRID 10 10 220 PEN 1 230 MOVE 1 Nums I 240 FOR I 1 TO N 250 DRAW I Nums I 260 NEXT I 270 GOTO Mainloop 280 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT OFF 300 END ...

Page 213: ...PTION BASE 1 110 REAL Nums 100 120 OUTPUT Giga tronics PR LG 130 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT GET N 140 WAIT 5 145 WINDOW 1 N 70 20 150 Mainloop 151 FOR I 1 TO N 160 TRIGGER Giga tronics 161 NEXT I 170 ENTER Giga tronics Nums 190 GCLEAR 200 PEN 2 210 GRID 10 10 220 PEN 1 230 MOVE 1 Nums 1 240 FOR I 1 TO N 250 DRAW I Nums I 260 NEXT I 270 GOTO Mainloop 280 OUTPUT Giga tronics SWIFT OFF 300 END ...

Page 214: ...ics 713 80 N 100 90 OPTION BASE 1 110 REAL Nums 100 120 OUTPUT Giga tronics PR LG 130 OUTPUT Giga tronics FBUF POST GET BUFFER N 140 WAIT 5 145 WINDOW 1 N 70 20 150 Mainloop 152 Wait 05 160 TRIGGER Giga tronics 170 ENTER Giga tronics Nums 190 GCLEAR 200 PEN 2 210 GRID 10 10 220 PEN 1 230 MOVE 1 Nums 1 240 FOR I 1 TO N 250 DRAW I Nums I 260 NEXT I 270 GOTO Mainloop 280 OUTPUT Giga tronics FBUF OFF ...

Page 215: ... 13 01 60 70 Giga tronics 713 80 N 200 90 OPTION BASE 1 110 REAL Nums 200 120 OUTPUT Giga tronics PR LG 130 OUTPUT Giga tronics FBUF POST TTL BUFFER N 140 WAIT 5 145 WINDOW 1 N 70 20 150 Mainloop 170 ENTER Giga tronics Nums waits here until TTL trigger happens 190 GCLEAR 200 PEN 2 210 GRID N 10 10 220 PEN 1 230 MOVE 1 Nums 1 240 FOR I 1 TO N 250 DRAW I Nums I 260 NEXT I 270 GOTO Mainloop 300 END ...

Page 216: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters A 8 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 217: ...dy of the sensor in order to tighten the RF connection This can dam age the connector mating surfaces B 2 Power Sensor Selection Standard sensors include the 80300A series for CW signals the 80350A series for Peak or CW power the 80400A 80600A and 80700A series for modulated and CW signals the 80500 series CW Return Loss Bridges and the 80330A series True RMS sensors Giga tronics True RMS sensors ...

Page 218: ... 12 GHz 1 23 12 18 GHz 1 29 18 26 5 GHz 1 50 26 5 40 GHz 80313A 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz 64 to 26 dBm 29 dBm 800 mW 64 to 14 dBm 0 00 dB 14 to 26 dBm 0 1 dB 10 dB 80314A 10 MHz to 40 GHz 64 to 6 dBm 29 dBm 800 mW 64 to 14 dBm 0 00 dB 14 to 6 dBm 0 2 dB 10 dB 1W CW Power Sensors 80320A 10 MHz to 18 GHz 60 to 30 dBm 30 dBm 1 W 60 to 10 dBm 0 00 dB 10 to 30 dBm 0 05 dB 10 dB Type K m 1 50Ω 127 mm 5 0 in 32...

Page 219: ...g Peak 53 dBm 0 0 to 10 dBm 0 00 dB 10 to 50 dBm 0 05 dB 10 dB Type N m 50Ω 280 mm 11 0 in 104 mm 4 1 in 0 3 kg 0 7 lb 1 20 0 045 6 GHz 1 30 6 12 4 GHz 1 40 12 4 18 GHz 50W Peak Power Sensor6 7 80355A 45 MHz to 18 GHz 10 to 50 dBm Peak 0 0 to 47 dBm CW CW 47 dBm 50 W Avg Peak 53 dBm 0 0 to 10 dBm 0 00 dB 10 to 50 dBm 0 05 dB 10 dB Type N m 50Ω 280 mm 11 0 in 104 mm 4 1 in 0 3 kg 0 7 lb 1 25 0 045 ...

Page 220: ...5 0 in 32 mm 1 25 in 0 23 kg 0 5 lb 1 13 0 01 2 GHz 1 16 2 12 GHz 1 23 12 18 GHz 1 W Modulation Power Sensors 80420A 10 MHz to 18 GHz 57 to 30 dBm 30 dBm 1 W 57 to 10 dBm 0 00 dB 10 to 30 dBm 0 05 dB 10 dB Type K m 1 50Ω 127 mm 5 0 in 32 mm 1 25 in 0 23 kg 0 5 lb 1 11 0 01 2 GHz 1 12 2 12 GHz 1 18 12 18 GHz 5 W Modulation Power Sensors2 80421A 10 MHz to 18 GHz 47 to 37 dBm 37 dBm 5 W 47 to 0 dBm 0...

Page 221: ...ensors fm 10 MHz Model Model Model Model Freq Range Power Range Max Power Power Linearity4 Freq 8 GHz RF Conn Length Length Length Length Dia Dia Dia Dia Wgt Wgt Wgt Wgt VSWR VSWR VSWR VSWR 80701A10 50 MHz to 18 GHz 64 TO 20 dBm CW 250 MHz to 18 GHz 60 to 20 dBm Mod 23 dBm 200 mW Frequency 8 GHz 60 to 20 dBm 0 00 dB 20 to 20 dBm 0 05 dB 10 dB Frequency 500 MHz 60 to 20 dBm 0 00 dB 20 to 20 dBm 0 0...

Page 222: ...or 3 repeatability when connecting attenuator to sensor and 3 for attenuator measurement uncertainty and mismatch of sensor pad combination 10 Series 807XXA sensors require the installation of Option 12 for use Table B 2 Power Sensor Cal Factor Uncertainties Freq GHz Root Sum of Squares RSS Uncertainties 8 Lower Upper 80301A 80302A 80350A 80401A 80402A 80601A 80701A10 80303A 80304A 80353A 80354A 8...

Page 223: ... rate power range fm 40 kHz 60 to 20 dBm fm 40 kHz 60 to 20 dBm fm 1 5 MHz 60 to 20 dBm fm 1 5 MHz 60 to 20 dBm fm 10 MHz 60 to 20 dBm Two Tone maximum separation between carriers 40 kHz 60 to 20 dBm 40 kHz 60 to 20 dBm 1 5 MHz 60 to 20 dBm 1 5 MHz 60 to 20 dBm 10 MHz 60 to 20 dBm 10 MHz 60 to 20 dBm Pulse modulation 200 µs Pulse Width 300 µs Pulse Width 100 µs Pulse Width Burst with modulation fm...

Page 224: ... power within the pulse falls below 43 dBm however this condition will not cause NoSync to flash Figure B 1 80401A Modulation Related Uncertainty 20 dBm Pin 10 dBm Pin Average RF power applied to sensor Pin 10 dBm MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION 10K 100K 1M 1 5 0 Tone Separation Hz E r r o r dB E r r o r dB E r r o r dB 5 4 3 2 1 Pav Average power applied to a sens...

Page 225: ...h See Section 2 3 2 for modulation bandwidth limitations below 200 MHz When the modulation bandwidth is below 200 MHz the 806XXA sensors performance is equal to that of the 804XXA sensors Figure B 2 80601A Modulation Related Uncertainty 20 dBm Pin 10 dBm Pin Average RF power applied to sensor Pin 10 dBm MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION 300K 3M 30M 1 5 0 Tone Separat...

Page 226: ...lash See Section 2 3 2 for modulation bandwidth limitations below 200 MHz When the modulation bandwidth is below 200 MHz the 807XXA sensors performance is equal to that of the 804XXA sensors Figure B 3 80701A Modulation Related Uncertainty 20 dBm Pin 10 dBm Pin Average RF power applied to sensor Pin 10 dBm MAXIMUM ERROR IN MODULATED AVERAGE MODE WITH TWO TONE MODULATION 2M 20M 200M 1 5 0 Tone Sepa...

Page 227: ...x 2 x 1 1 8 in 80502 76 x 50 x 28 mm 3 x 2 x 1 1 8 in 80503 19 x 38 x 29 mm 3 4 x 1 1 2 x 2 1 8 in 80504 19 x 38 x 29 mm 3 4 x 1 1 2 x 2 1 8 in Table B 4 Directional Bridge Selection Guide Model Freq Range Power Range Max Power Power Linearity4 Frequency 8 GHz Input Test Port Directivity Wgt VSWR Precision CW Return Loss Bridges 80501 10 MHz to 18 GHz 35 to 20 dBm 27 dBm 0 5W 35 to 10 dBm 0 1 dB 1...

Page 228: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters B 12 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

Page 229: ...en Option 04 is installed the Sensor In and Calibrator Out connectors which are normally located on the front panel of the 8652A are relocated to the rear panel Option Description Part Number Field Installable 01 Rack Mount Kit 21334 Yes 03 Rear Panel Sensor Input Calibrator Output Connectors 8652A 29864 No 04 Rear Panel Sensors Input Calibrator Output Connectors 8652A 29889 No 05 Soft Carry Case ...

Page 230: ...er Meter Rack Mount Kit Option 10 is a field installable dual power meter rack mounting kit for the 8650A The dual rack mount makes it possible to install two 8650As side by side in an instrument rack C 10 Option 12 1 GHz 50 MHz Switchable Calibrator Option 12 provides a factory configured switchable 1 GHz or 50 MHz calibrator C 11 Option 13 Rear Panel Sensor In Connectors Model 8651A Option 13 re...

Page 231: ... a t i v e R E L Me a s u r e m e n t s M e t e r S e t u p Setup Store Recall Sensor Freq Compensati on No Sensor Detected at Calibrate Output Sensor A Detected Set Limits Bar Graph Averaging O f f s e t L i n e s C o n f i g Sensor Config Power Meter Configuration Configure Display L i n e 1 L i n e 2 L i n e 3 L i n e 4 S e n s o r S e t u p C a l i b r a t i o n D i s p l a y S e t u p FREQ CA...

Page 232: ...ge D 5 See page D 6 Cancel Sensor A Setup Averaging OK Cancel OK CW Mode Peak Mode Cancel OK Trig Level Delay Cancel OK Returns to Sensor Setup Peak Sensor Averages Time Cancel Auto OK Cancel OK Sensor A Setup Offset Set desired offset 0 00 dB Sensor A Setup Mode Peak Sensor Sensor Setup Mode Delay Offset Trigger Level 0 00 dBm 2 Delay 1 000 s µ Delay Offset 0 0 ns Peak Sensor Peak Mode Sensor A A...

Page 233: ...or Setup Modulation Sensor Averages Time Cancel Auto OK Cancel OK Sensor B Setup Offset Set desired offset 0 00 dB Sensor B Setup Mode Modualtion Sensor Sensor B Setup Mode Burst Average Power Sensor B Averaging Sensor B Setup Averaging Averages Time Auto Select number of periods for averaging 1 Set averaging period 20 00 ms Sensor Setup Averages Time Auto Modualtion Sensor End End Cancel Start OK...

Page 234: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters D 4 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 11 x 17 landscape pages follow continuing Appendix D of the Series 8650A manual ...

Page 235: ...1 Burst Signal Measurements 2 35 Burst Start Exclude 2 36 3 101 C Cal Factor Correction 3 25 Cal Factor Error Control 3 26 Cal Factors 3 71 CAL ZERO Hardkey 2 2 Calculate Subsystem Commands 3 7 Calibration 2 14 3 72 Calibration and Zeroing HPS w Removable Attenuators 2 23 Calibration Routine 3 72 Calibrator Test 3 73 Low Level Performance Check 2 24 Sensor Calibration and Zero 3 5 Sensor Calibrati...

Page 236: ...n 3 46 HELP Hardkey 2 2 High Power Level Measurements 2 26 High Speed Measurements 3 27 Measurement Level Notes 3 30 Measurement Speeds 3 30 Operating Mode Control 3 27 Triggering Notes 3 30 Histogram Query 3 122 Histogram Range 3 121 Histograms Histogram 2 12 Mode Intervals 3 121 Query 3 122 Range 3 121 Histograms CDF and CCDF 2 12 3 121 HOLDOFF h 3 80 HP436 Emulation Command Code Set 3 63 HP437 ...

Page 237: ...Measuring with Limits 3 88 Memory Functions 3 6 Menu Structure D 1 Meter Setup 2 5 Analog Outputs 2 7 Burst Mode 2 11 External Gate Mode 2 10 External Trigger Mode 2 10 GPIB 2 6 Histogram 2 12 RS 232 2 9 Sound 2 8 Store and Recall 2 13 3 117 Strip Chart 2 8 Time Gate Mode 2 9 VpropF 2 7 Min Max Configuration and Monitoring 2 15 3 40 Min Max Power Value 2 15 3 102 Enabling the Min Max Feature 3 102...

Page 238: ...ng Operation 3 46 High Speed Measurements 3 27 Identification Commands 3 49 IEE 488 2 Required Commands 3 6 Instrument Triggering 3 18 Limit Line Configuration and Monitoring 3 42 Measurement Triggering 3 6 3 89 Memory Functions 3 6 Min Max Configuration and Monitoring 3 40 Offsets 3 35 Peak Power Sensor Triggering 3 31 Preset Configuration 3 47 3 109 Reading Power Measurements 3 16 Referenced Mea...

Page 239: ...nd Test Equipment 1 2 Trigger Hold TR0 3 89 Trigger Immediate TR1 3 89 Trigger Immediate with Full Averaging TR2 3 89 Trigger Subsystem Commands 3 9 Triggering Arming the Triggering Cycle 3 22 Instrument Triggering 3 18 Peak Power Sensor Triggering 3 31 Triggering Gate Mode Burst Edge Mode 2 11 External Gating Mode 2 10 3 78 External Trigger Mode 2 10 3 78 Triggering Notes 3 30 Typical Application...

Page 240: ...Series 8650A Universal Power Meters Index 6 Manual 31470 Rev E April 2001 ...

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