Garmin GPS 400 Pilot'S Manual And Reference Download

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GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

190-00140-60 Rev. E

SECTION 12 – MESSAGES,

ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS

12-8

12.2 ABBREVIATIONS

The following is a list of abbreviations used on the GPS

400 and their meanings:

ACTV

Active

ALT

Altitude

APPRCHING

Approaching

APR

Approach

APT

Airport

ARSPC

Airspace

ARTCC

Air Route Trafﬁc Control Center

ARVL

Arrival

AUX

Auxiliary

AVGAS

Aviation-grade Gasoline

AVTN

Aviation

BARO

Barometric Pressure

BRG

Bearing To

°C

Degree Celsius

CAS

Calibrated Airspeed

CDI

Course Deviation Indicator

CLR

Clear

COM

Communications Transceiver

CRSR

Cursor

CTA

ICAO Control Area

CTAF

Common Trafﬁc Advisory Frequency

CTR

Center (ARTCC)

CTS

Course To Steer

CUM

Cumulative

Database

DEN

Density

DEP

Departure

DIS

Distance

DME

Distance Measuring Equipment

DOP

Dilution of Precision

DTK

Desired Track

EFF

Efﬁciency

ELEV

Elevation

ENDUR

Endurance

ENR

Enroute

ENT

Enter

EPE

Estimated Position Error

ESA

Enroute Safe Altitude

ETA

Estimated Time of Arrival

ETE

Estimated Time Enroute

°F

Degrees Fahrenheit

FDE

Fault Detection and Exclusion

Fuel Flow

FLOW

Total Fuel Flow

FOB

Fuel On Board

FPL

Flight Plan

fpm

Feet Per Minute

FREQ

Frequency

FSS

Flight Service Station

Feet

Summary of Contents for GPS 400

Page 1: ...GPS 400 Pilot s Guide and Reference...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...REVISIONS Revision Date of Revision Description A 8 99 Initial Release B 8 00 Revised and Redrawn C 11 06 Changed to 8 inch x 8 5 inch format Added TERRAIN Additional Features section and misc changes...

Page 4: ...and other Garmin products Except as expressly provided herein no part of this manual may be reproduced copied transmitted disseminated downloaded or stored in any storage medium for any purpose witho...

Page 5: ...ort Departure Page 6 12 6 8 Intersection Page 6 13 6 9 NDB Page 6 14 6 10 VOR Page 6 14 6 11 User Waypoint Page 6 15 SECTION 7 NRST PAGES 7 1 7 1 NRST Page Group 7 1 7 2 Nearest Airport Page 7 4 7 3 N...

Page 6: ...titude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft GPS altitude should never be used for vertical navigation Always use pressure altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in the aircraft WARNING The...

Page 7: ...r anti re ective coatings CAUTION The Garmin GPS 400 does not contain any user serviceable parts Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center Unauthorized repairs or modi cations...

Page 8: ...ER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN...

Page 9: ...erence Guide Database Subscription Packet Warranty Registration Card GPS 400 Simulator CD ROM The Garmin dealer installs and con gures the GPS 400 The GPS 400 is secured in the installation rack with...

Page 10: ...nctions of the GPS 400 Figure 1 1 Keys and Knobs P 6 8 4 5 7 2 15 10 12 13 14 9 1 3 11 NavData Card Slot 1 RNG map range 6 MSG message 11 Power 2 MENU 7 FPL ight plan 12 TERRAIN Data Card Slot 3 ENT e...

Page 11: ...ete data entry It is also used to con rm information during power on The large right knob CRSR is used to select page groups NAV WPT AUX or NRST With the on screen cursor enabled the large right knob...

Page 12: ...next waypoint Pressing the OBS Key again returns the unit to normal operation with automatic sequencing of waypoints When OBS mode is selected the pilot may set the desired course to from a waypoint u...

Page 13: ...ut interruption This takeoff tour is intended to provide a brief introduction of the GPS 400 s major features Sections 2 through 12 of this manual describe these features and others in additional deta...

Page 14: ...that the GPS 400 and any connected instruments are working properly check for the following indications on the CDI HSI RMI external annunciators and other connected instruments Course deviation half l...

Page 15: ...ches the fuel capacity CAP gure Fuel on board is reduced over time based on the fuel ow FF gure Viewing the Checklists Page 1 Turn the large right knob to highlight Go To Chklist Figure 1 9 and press...

Page 16: ...the satellites and the relative signal strength of each satellite received as a bar graph reading Searching Sky indicates that satellite almanac data is not available or has expired if the unit hasn t...

Page 17: ...Page within Current Page Group Selecting the desired page group and page 1 Turn the large right knob until a page from the desired page group is displayed Figure 1 12 2 Turn the small right knob until...

Page 18: ...n terms While viewing the Map Page the pilot can quickly declutter and remove many of the background map details by pressing the CLR Key repeatedly until the desired detail is depicted To change the m...

Page 19: ...tive Leg of Flight Plan User selectable Data Fields The Default NAV Page displays a graphic course deviation indicator CDI the active leg of the ight plan as de ned by the current from and to waypoint...

Page 20: ...osition and the destination airport Displaying the frequency list for the desired ight plan or direct to airport 1 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor on the airport identi er eld in the...

Page 21: ...the ENT Key to display a list of available procedures for the departure when using SIDs or arrival when using approaches or STARs airport 3 Turn the small right knob to select the desired procedure an...

Page 22: ...oup Nearest Airport Page Nearest NDB Page Nearest User Waypoint Page Nearest FSS Page Nearest Intersection Page Nearest VOR Page Nearest ARTCC Page Nearest Airspace Page The communication frequencies...

Page 23: ...rse to a nearby facility in an in ight emergency Selecting a nearby airport as a direct to destination overrides the ight plan or cancels a previously selected direct to destination The pilot will sti...

Page 24: ...27 Nearest Airspace Page By default airspace alert messages are turned off When turned on the message MSG annunciator located directly above the MSG Key ashes to alert the pilot to the airspace messa...

Page 25: ...of the GPS 400 it will only be discussed brie y here with focus on creating a new ight plan and activating it to use for navigation After reading through this brief introduction answers to additional...

Page 26: ...tivated from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu Activating the ight plan places it into ight plan 00 a copy of it still resides in the original catalog location and replaces any ight plan which current...

Page 27: ...the number of pages available within that group indicated by the square icons and the placement of the current page within that group indicated by a highlighted square icon The bottom right corner of...

Page 28: ...ckly selected from any page by pressing and holding the CLR Key Figure 2 3 Default NAV Page Course Deviation Indicator CDI User selectable Data Fields Active Leg of Flight Plan TO FROM Flag Number of...

Page 29: ...e Right Left hand Holding Pattern Right hand Holding Pattern Table 2 2 NAV Page Symbols Selecting Desired On Screen Data At the bottom of the Default NAV Page there are six user de nable elds which di...

Page 30: ...press the ENT Key to select this option 3 Use the large right knob to highlight the data eld to be changed Figure 2 5 Figure 2 5 DIS Field Highlighted 4 Turn the small right knob to display the list...

Page 31: ...additional details on using the cross ll option 2 4 MAP PAGE The second NAV page is the Map Page Figure 2 8 which displays the present position using an airplane symbol along with nearby airports NAVA...

Page 32: ...to a smaller map area and more detail An autozoom feature is available which automatically adjusts from an enroute range of 2000 nm through each lower range stopping at a range of 1 0 nm as the aircr...

Page 33: ...t DIS and ground speed GS Any of these data elds may be changed to display a different data type as outlined in Section 2 4 The pilot may also remove the four data elds from the map to show a larger m...

Page 34: ...e target pointer on a waypoint Figure 2 11 2 Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page s for the selected waypoint Figure 2 12 Figure 2 12 Information for On Screen Waypoint 3 Press t...

Page 35: ...area is congested and it is dif cult to select an open area the pilot may need to zoom in or press the CLR Key to make the selection easier Figure 2 14 Figure 2 14 Select Airspace with Target Pointer...

Page 36: ...the settings available for each group Group Available Settings Map Orientation AutoZoom Land Data Aviation Data Weather Lightning Mode Symbol when applicable Traf c Traf c Mode Symbol Label when appli...

Page 37: ...2 17 Map Setup Window 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight the Orientation eld 4 Turn the small right knob to select the desired option a Select DTK up to x the top of the Map Display to the desi...

Page 38: ...ct Map and press the ENT Key 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight the appropriate eld 4 Turn the small right knob to select On or Off 5 Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option Displaying a...

Page 39: ...earing and distance between two points 1 Turn the large right knob to highlight Measure Dist Figure 2 20 Figure 2 20 Map Page Menu 2 Press the ENT Key an on screen reference pointer appears on the Map...

Page 40: ...igure 2 23 and press the ENT Key Figure 2 23 Map Page Menu 2 Turn the large right knob to highlight the data eld to be changed 3 Turn the small right knob to select the desired type of data Figure 2 2...

Page 41: ...g Indicator The heading indication on the TERRAIN Page always displays TRK for Track up unless there is no valid heading Obstacles Potential Impact Points Figure 2 26 TERRAIN Page 120 View GPS derived...

Page 42: ...the display range Select theTERRAIN Page and press up or down on the RNG Key to select the desired range 1 nm 2 nm 5 nm 10 nm 25 nm 50 nm 100 nm Figure 2 29 Display Range Field Figure 2 29 TERRAIN Di...

Page 43: ...d by default 2 Press the ENT Key The TERRAIN system is functional again TERRAIN Symbols NOTE See Section 9 2 for a complete description of TERRAIN symbology The following symbols Figure 2 33 are used...

Page 44: ...quencies for the airport nearest the departure position Figure 2 34 NAV COM Page Frequency Type Departure Enroute or Arrival Airport Assigned Frequency and Usage Information when applicable Number of...

Page 45: ...croll Bar Figure 2 36 Scroll Bar NAV COM frequencies are shown for reference only Some listed frequencies may include designations for limited usage as follows TX transmit only RX receive only PT part...

Page 46: ...cator for quick at a glance ground track information Directly below are three user selectable elds which by default display track ground speed and altitude Barometric pressure BARO settings and minimu...

Page 47: ...t Change Fields and press the ENT Key 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight the waypoint type eld bottom left corner of the page default setting shows APT see Figure 2 42 Figure 2 42 Waypoint Type...

Page 48: ...dow 8 Press the small right knob momentarily to remove the cursor from the page Restoring Factory Settings A Restore Defaults option allows the pilot to reset all data elds to their original factory d...

Page 49: ...ion of Current Page within Current Page Group 10 As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites a signal strength bar appears for each satellite in view with the appropriate satellite number 01 32 undernea...

Page 50: ...es should be in view 2D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 2D navigation mode Altitude data is provided by an altitude serializer 3D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode and computes al...

Page 51: ...Distance 2 Altitude Reference AGL or MSL 3 Target Reference 4 Vertical Speed Desired 5 Vertical Speed Required 6 Current Page Group 7 Number of Pages in Current Page Group 8 Position of Current Page...

Page 52: ...ure 2 53 Reference Distance Selected 6 Turn the small right knob to select Before or After and press the ENT Key This setting designates whether the offset distance de nes a point before the aircraft...

Page 53: ...roper descent or climb angle At 500 feet above or below for a climb the target altitude an Approaching Target Altitude message is provided The VSR readout on the Default NAV Page and the Map Page is b...

Page 54: ...GPS 400 Pilot s Guide and Reference 190 00140 60 Rev E SECTION 2 NAV PAGES 2 28 Blank Page...

Page 55: ...with the waypoint identi er eld highlighted Figure 3 1 Select Direct to Waypoint Page 2 Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identi er of the desired destination waypoint Figure 3 2 Figure...

Page 56: ...lighted 2 Turn the large right knob to highlight the facility name second line or the city third line eld 3 Use the small and large right knobs to enter the facility name or city location of the desir...

Page 57: ...y again to activate the direct to function Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct to Destination The Select Direct to Waypoint Page always displays the nearest airports from the present position in...

Page 58: ...airports and NAVAIDs or from pages that display a list of waypoints e g the Nearest Airport Page Selecting an on screen waypoint as a direct to destination 1 If a single airport NAVAID or user waypoin...

Page 59: ...me is highlighted Figure 3 11 Press the Direct to Key and the ENT Key twice to navigate to the waypoint Figure 3 11 Panning Pointer Placed on Waypoint 4 If the panning pointer is placed on an open loc...

Page 60: ...se the small and large right knobs to select the destination waypoint 3 Press the ENT Key to con rm the selected waypoint then turn the large right knob to highlight the course CRS eld Figure 3 13 Fig...

Page 61: ...The Flight Plan Catalog Page Figure 4 1 allows the pilot to create edit activate delete and copy ight plans Flight plans numbered from 1 through 19 are used to save ight plans for future use Flight p...

Page 62: ...1 Press the FPL Key and turn the small right knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page 2 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired ight...

Page 63: ...n to the Flight Plan Catalog Page A one line user comment may be added to any ight plan which is displayed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page next to the ight plan s number By default as the ight plan is...

Page 64: ...Catalog Page Menu 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight Activate Flight Plan and press the ENT Key Figure 4 9 Figure 4 9 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu Inverting Flight Plans After travelling along...

Page 65: ...By default the next empty catalog location is offered To select a different location turn the large right knob to select the ight plan number use the small and large right knobs to enter a different...

Page 66: ...ation or active ight plan on one unit is seen on the other For additional information see following procedure in this section or Section 8 2 Flight Planning Page Cross ll Copy Flight Plan Allows the p...

Page 67: ...he large right knob to select the Transfer eld then turn the small right knob to select the type of information to transfer between units active ight plan ight plan all user waypoints or a single user...

Page 68: ...gure 4 16 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu 2 A con rmation window appears Figure 4 17 With Yes highlighted press the ENT Key Figure 4 17 Delete All Flight Plans Window Sorting the catalog listing by numb...

Page 69: ...lan the Active Flight Plan Page shows each waypoint for the ight plan or a single waypoint for a direct to Figure 4 19 along with the desired track DTK and distance DIS for each leg Figure 4 19 Active...

Page 70: ...g the PROC Key as described in Section 5 1 Select Arrival Allows the pilot to select a published standard terminal arrival route STAR for the destination airport or replace the current arrival with a...

Page 71: ...l right knob to select the desired data item Figure 4 22 and press the ENT Key Figure 4 22 Select Field Type Window 5 Press the small right knob to remove the cursor Restoring factory default settings...

Page 72: ...knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key The Vectors option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the nal course segment of the approach and will provide navigation...

Page 73: ...g available transitions Figure 4 29 for the arrival Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key Figure 4 29 Transitions Window 4 With Load highlighted...

Page 74: ...ctive Flight Plan Page Menu Figure 4 31 and press the ENT Key Figure 4 31 Active Flight Plan Page Menu 2 A window appears with the reference waypoint eld highlighted Use the small and large right knob...

Page 75: ...ighlight the title for the approach Figure 4 33 departure or arrival to be deleted Titles appear in light blue directly above the procedure s waypoints Figure 4 33 Highlight Item To Be Deleted 3 Press...

Page 76: ...display an Activate Leg con rmation window Figure 4 37 Figure 4 37 Activate Leg Window 3 With Activate highlighted press the ENT Key When using instrument procedures this feature can be used not only...

Page 77: ...orts must have published procedures associated with them Selecting an approach departure or arrival 1 Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures Page 2 Turn the large right knob to highlight Select...

Page 78: ...name Figure 5 4 indicates the procedure can be own using the GPS receiver Some procedures do not have this designation meaning the GPS receiver may be used for supplemental navigation guidance only I...

Page 79: ...the full approach using the Activate Approach option 5 2 NON PRECISION APPROACH OPERATIONS The GPS 400 provides non precision approach guidance using its built in GPS receiver The GPS receiver can al...

Page 80: ...e ight plan but retains course guidance in the enroute section until the approach is activated 4 Activate the full approach or vectors to nal as appropriate In some scenarios it may be more convenient...

Page 81: ...w theATIS frequency from the list on the NAV COM Page Section 2 6 and Figure 5 10 The ATIS frequency may be used to tune an external COM transceiver Figure 5 10 NAV COM Page 3 Press the PROC Key Figur...

Page 82: ...igure 5 14 Figure 5 14 CDI Scale at 1 0 nm 2 Several miles prior to reaching the IAF LYH the pilot may wish to review the approach sequence Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Pre...

Page 83: ...Map Page and indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV Page and theActive Flight Plan Page The CDI needle starts moving to the right 7 When turning to intercept the inbound course the GPS 400 se...

Page 84: ...ower right corner 13 After crossing the MAP SUSP appears above the OBS Key Figure 5 20 indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP A from indication is displayed...

Page 85: ...along the 053 radial from LYH VOR 3 An alert message in the lower right hand corner of the screen recommends entry procedures for the holding pattern i e HOLD DIRECT HOLD PARALLEL or HOLD TEARDROP se...

Page 86: ...aypoint Page 3 Press the ENT Key twice This time the pilot selects the GPS runway 21 approach into Farmville Regional The GPS runway 21 approach begins with a holding pattern at the IAF BODRY intersec...

Page 87: ...y Figure 5 31 HOLD DIRECT or HOLD PARALLEL may be offered on other similar approaches Figure 5 31 HOLD TEARDROP Annunciation 9 As mentioned in the missed approach example the Default NAV Page displays...

Page 88: ...lready been passed re activate the holding pattern using the steps described in Section 5 2 DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Figure 5 33 Approach Mode Refer to Figure 5 33 for the following steps 11 When app...

Page 89: ...is displayed in magenta the active leg of the ight plan always appears in magenta and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP Do not follow this extended course Instead follow published misse...

Page 90: ...Figure 5 37 Enroute Mode NOTE As this manual was being written the letter number DME arc names were being replaced with standard ve letter intersection names Either naming convention may be used for a...

Page 91: ...rom 5 0 to 1 0 nm full scale de ection 4 If the approach has not yet been activated in step 2 do so when cleared for the approach Figure 5 42 Figure 5 42 Procedures Page 5 WhenapproachingtheIAF D258G...

Page 92: ...ory TURNTO 205 Dial this course into the CDI or HSI using the OBS knob Figure 5 44 Intermediate Approach Fix 8 At 2 0 nm from the FAF TOP VOR the GPS 400 switches from terminal mode to approach mode C...

Page 93: ...e but course guidance along the nal approach course continues Do not follow this extended course Follow published missed approach procedures using the OBS Key to initiate the missed approach sequence...

Page 94: ...Key or as the last waypoint in a ight plan 2 Press the PROC Key and select the VOR 22 approach using the steps outlined in Section 5 1 3 From the Transitions Window select D258G as the IAF Figure 5 5...

Page 95: ...lows the GPS 400 to provide guidance to the nal approach course 3 ATC instructs the pilot to turn left to a heading of 025 This places the aircraft parallel to the nal approach course in the opposite...

Page 96: ...igure 5 58 Figure 5 58 Waypoint Alert 8 After crossing the FAF the destination sequences to the MAP RW22 9 When approaching the MAP a waypoint alert APPRCHINGWPT appears in the lower right corner 10 A...

Page 97: ...gure 5 60 Figure 5 60 Active Flight Plan Page DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Palmdale CA AF Plant 42 VOR DME or GPS Rwy 25 Figure 5 61 KPMD Approach This example uses the VOR DME RWY 25 approach into Palmd...

Page 98: ...terminal mode to approach mode APR appears in the lower left corner of the screen replacing TERM CDI scaling is tightened from 1 0 to 0 3 nm full scale de ection 6 When approaching the FAF NEXT DTK 2...

Page 99: ...A AF Plant 42 VOR DME or GPS Rwy 25 Figure 5 66 Palmdale Missed Approach In this instance the leg corresponds to the initial phase of the missed approach which reads Climb to 5000 outbound via PMD VOR...

Page 100: ...MD VOR Intercept and y the inbound course Figure 5 68 Waypoint Alert 6 When approaching PMD VOR the missed approach holding point an alert message in the lower right hand corner of the screen recommen...

Page 101: ...er departure From over HFD VOR proceed via the HFD R 143 to Thumb Int then via the HTO R 010 to Yoder Int then via the CCC R 057 to CCC VOR Then via transition or assigned route Figure 5 69 Coastal On...

Page 102: ...oint along the remainder of the departure route including the selected transition 5 3 POINTS TO REMEMBER FOR ALL APPROACHES The GPS 400 is designed to complement printed approach plates and vastly imp...

Page 103: ...y viewing any of the main pages 2 Turn the large right knob to select the WPT Page Group WPT appears in the lower right corner of the screen 3 Turn the small right knob to select the desired WPT page...

Page 104: ...ess the small right knob Entering a waypoint facility name or city location 1 Select the Airport Location Page NDB Page or VOR Page from the WPT Page Group as described on the preceding page 2 Press t...

Page 105: ...ty name or city location 2 When spelling the facility name or location using the small and large right knobs the GPS 400 s Spell N Find feature selects the rst entry Figure 6 5 in the database based u...

Page 106: ...s 6 Airspace Type 7 Best Available Approach 8 Current Page Group 9 Position of Current Page within Current Page Group 10 Number of Pages in Current Page Group Figure 6 8 Airport Location Page The foll...

Page 107: ...pe Runway Designations Runway Length and Width Surface and Lighting Number of Pages in Current Page Group Position of Current Page within Current Page Group Current Page Group Displaying information f...

Page 108: ...d frequency types for the selected airport as well as sector and altitude restrictions where applicable If the selected airport has an ILS approach the localizer frequency ies are also listed on the A...

Page 109: ...irectly to the left of the desired frequency Figure 6 14 Figure 6 14 Info Designation Highlighted 2 Press the ENT Key to display the restriction information Figure 6 15 Figure 6 15 Restriction Informa...

Page 110: ...ent Page Group Scrolling through the available approaches and transitions 1 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor 2 Turn the large right knob to place the cursor on the approach APR proced...

Page 111: ...d approach into the active ight plan without activating it This performs the same operation as selecting Load from the Procedures Page Select Approach option See Section 5 1 Load and Activate Allows t...

Page 112: ...nt Page within Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group Current Page Group Scrolling through the available arrivals 1 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor 2 Turn the large...

Page 113: ...ess the small right knob Airport Arrival Page Options The following option is available for the Airport Arrival Page by pressing the MENU Key Load into Active FPL allows the pilot to load the selected...

Page 114: ...o place the cursor on the departure DEP procedure name eld Figure 6 26 3 Turn the small right knob to display a window of available departures for the selected airport Figure 6 27 Continue turning the...

Page 115: ...Intersection Page Figure 6 30 displays the latitude longitude region and country for the selected intersection The Intersection Page also displays the identi er radial and distance from the nearest V...

Page 116: ...t on the selected facility s frequency 6 10 VOR PAGE The VOR Page Figure 6 32 displays the facility name city region country magnetic variation latitude and longitude for the selected VOR The VOR Page...

Page 117: ...agnetic or degrees true depending upon unit con guration DIS Distance from reference waypoint in nautical miles statute miles kilometers depending upon unit con guration Position Latitude Longitude de...

Page 118: ...or 2 Use the small and large right knobs to enter a name for the new waypoint and press the ENT Key 3 Turn the large right knob to highlight the rst reference waypoint REF WPT eld 4 Use the small and...

Page 119: ...this eld displays a radial from the nearest VOR However the pilot can select any waypoint by identi er to use as a reference in this eld The GPS 400 can store user de ned waypoints which are generated...

Page 120: ...new position information directly over the old information Modifying a user waypoint by changing its latitude longitude position 1 With the User Waypoint Page displayed press the small right knob to...

Page 121: ...ld Selected 5 The cursor moves to the radial RAD eld Figure 6 43 Use the small and large right knobs to change the radial from the reference waypoint if desired Press the ENT Key to accept the selecte...

Page 122: ...ntly used and available memory Figure 6 46 If more user waypoints are stored than can be displayed on a single screen turn the large right knob to scroll through the UserWaypoint List Figure 6 46 User...

Page 123: ...om this page the pilot may review all information de ning the waypoint and its position 4 To modify the waypoint s position or reference waypoint information follow the steps described in this section...

Page 124: ...point Window 4 With Yes highlighted press the ENT Key to delete the selected user waypoint Deleting all user waypoints from memory 1 Select the User Waypoint List as described in this section 2 Press...

Page 125: ...nclude the ve nearest Flight Service Station FSS and center ARTCC FIR points of communication plus alerts the pilot to any nearby Special Use SUA or Controlled Airspaces Page Groups NAV Group WPT Grou...

Page 126: ...the desired NRST page using the steps outlined on the preceding page 2 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor 3 Turn the large right knob to scroll through the list The scroll bar along the...

Page 127: ...ntersection or user waypoint as a direct to destination 1 Use the ashing cursor to scroll through a NRST page list Figure 7 5 and highlight the desired nearest waypoint as outlined in Section 7 1 Figu...

Page 128: ...s or undesirable runway surface types so that the corresponding airports do not appear on the list The pilot may wish to use this feature to exclude seaplane bases or runway lengths which would be dif...

Page 129: ...the Nearest Airport Page verify that Done is highlighted by the ashing cursor and press the ENT Key or press the CLR Key 7 3 NEAREST INTERSECTION PAGE The Nearest Intersection Page Figure 7 12 display...

Page 130: ...7 5 NEAREST VOR PAGE The Nearest VOR Page Figure 7 14 displays the identi er symbol bearing and distance to the nine nearest VORs within 200 nm of the present position For each VOR listed the nearest...

Page 131: ...ENT Key or press the CLR Key 6 Press the small right knob to remove the ashing cursor 7 6 NEAREST USER WAYPOINT PAGE The Nearest User Waypoint Page Figure 7 16 displays the name bearing and distance t...

Page 132: ...Page Group 7 8 NEAREST FLIGHT SERVICE STATION FSS PAGE The Nearest Flight Service Station Page Figure 7 18 displays the facility name bearing to and distance to the ve nearest FSS points of communicat...

Page 133: ...st Airspace Page shows Within 2nm of airspace If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of an airspace and the current course will not take the aircraft inside the message Near airspace less than 2...

Page 134: ...tion of Current Page within Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group Viewing additional details for an airspace listed on the Nearest Airspace Page 1 Select the Nearest Airspace Page u...

Page 135: ...of what may appear as vertical limits for an airspace 5000 ft msl 5000 feet mean sea level 5000 ft agl 5000 feet above ground level MSL at mean sea level Notam Notice to Airmen Unknown Unlimited See...

Page 136: ...GPS 400 Pilot s Guide and Reference 190 00140 60 Rev E 7 12 SECTION 7 NRST PAGES Blank Page...

Page 137: ...pages see Section 7 Table 8 1 Page Groups Figure 8 1 AUX Pages Flight Planning Utility Setup 1 Setup 2 NOTE The AUX Page Group may have ve AUX pages available when the GPS 400 installation includes c...

Page 138: ...page appears providing additional information and features Figure 8 4 Flight Planning Page Current Page Group Menu Options to Select Highlight with Cursor and Press the ENT Key Position of Current Pa...

Page 139: ...ding the heating effect of speed read on a standard outside temperature gauge This menu option computes true airspeed TAS based upon the factors above and the calibrated airspeed CAS Also this menu op...

Page 140: ...e the Change Fields option to review separate fuel information for left and right engines 3 For point to point fuel planning Figure 8 9 turn the small and large right knobs to enter the identi er of t...

Page 141: ...Use the small and large right knobs to enter the ground speed Press the ENT Key when nished 9 With all variables entered the following information is provided see also Figure 8 12 REQ Quantity of fuel...

Page 142: ...forming trip planning operations 1 Select Trip Planning from the Flight Planning Page using the steps described in this section 2 The current trip planning leg mode is displayed at the top of the page...

Page 143: ...rse DIS Distance ETE Estimated time enroute ESA Enroute safe altitude ETA Estimated time of arrival Figure 8 16 Trip Planning Page Flight Planning Page Density Alt TAS Winds Calculating density altitu...

Page 144: ...T Key when nished Figure 8 19 Heading Field Highlighted 7 With all variables entered the following information is provided DEN ALT Density altitude TAS True airspeed WIND Wind direction and speed HEAD...

Page 145: ...messages data transfer error or data transfer cancelled are received during an automatic or manual transfer the pilot must force another transfer Transferring ight plans or user waypoints to from a se...

Page 146: ...flight plan number field is highlighted Turn the small right knob to select the desired ight plan and press the ENT Key 6 For a speci ed user waypoint UserWaypoint data option the waypoint identi er e...

Page 147: ...anningPage using the steps described at the beginning of this section 2 The ashing cursor highlights the rst message eld 3 To edit the message text turn the large right knob to highlight the desired m...

Page 148: ...n Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group Selecting a menu option from the Utility Page 1 Press the small right knob momentarily to activate the ashing cursor Figure 8 29 2 Turn the l...

Page 149: ...reen Figure 8 32 indicates that satellite coverage is insuf cient to pass built in RAIM tests When this occurs the GPS receiver continues to provide navigation information but should not be used for p...

Page 150: ...mall and large right knobs to enter each checklist item followed each time by the ENT Key Each checklist may contain up to 30 line items of as much as 16 characters long Executing a checklist 1 With t...

Page 151: ...n the large right knob to select Copy Checklist and press the ENT Key to copy the checklist to an empty checklist memory location Sorting the checklists by name or entry 1 With the Checklists Page dis...

Page 152: ...he desired reset mode Figure 8 38 Pwr on records a departure time when the GPS 400 is turned on GS 30kt records a departure time once the GPS computed ground speed exceeds 30 knots Figure 8 38 Reset M...

Page 153: ...readout only Reset All Resets all trip statistics readouts Figure 8 41 Trip Statistics Page Menu 3 Turn the large right knob to select the desired reset option and press the ENT Key Utility Page RAIM...

Page 154: ...on precision approaches Figure 8 44 Compute RAIM Highlighted NOTE RAIM computations predict satellite coverage within 15 minutes of the speci ed arrival date and time Refer to Section 8 3 for speci c...

Page 155: ...e from this page Figure 8 48 Software Versions Page Utility Page Database Versions The Database Versions Page Figure 8 49 displays the navigation database type and version information as well as the l...

Page 156: ...ed special use airspace message alerts on or off This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspace Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Map Page It simply turns on off the warn...

Page 157: ...ion Auto oceanic 4 0 nm 5 0 nm or Auto enroute 2 0 nm 1 0 nm or Auto terminal 1 0 nm 0 3 nm or Auto approach 0 3 nm Table 8 3 CDI Scales An arrival alarm provided on the CDI Alarms Page may be set to...

Page 158: ...used to de ne current local time UTC also called GMT or Zulu date and time are calculated directly from the GPS satellites signals and cannot be changed To use local time simply designate the offset b...

Page 159: ...Scale Alarms Changing the CDI scale 1 Select CDI Alarms from the Setup 1 Page Figure 8 58 using the steps described at the beginning of this section Figure 8 58 CDI Alarms Highlighted 2 The ashing cur...

Page 160: ...en nished NOTE The CDI scale is always measured in nautical miles regardless of the current distance units of measure selected on the Units Mag Var Page Setup 1 Page Units Mag Var Setting the magnetic...

Page 161: ...FUEL Fuel units in Gallons Imperial Gallons Kilograms Liters or Pounds 3 Turn the small right knob to select the desired units of measure for the selected category Press the ENT Key to accept the sele...

Page 162: ...8 66 Map Datum WGS 84 Setup 1 Page Date Time Displaying local time or UTC 1 Select Date Time from the Setup 1 Page using the steps described at the beginning of this section 2 The ashing cursor highli...

Page 163: ...nus or behind UTC 4 Press the ENT Key to accept the selected offset Restoring Factory Settings When making changes to any Setup 1 Page option a RestoreDefaults menuselectionallowsthepilottorestore the...

Page 164: ...adjust the display for optimum viewing in any condition Automatic backlighting is available which uses a built in photocell at the top left corner of the display bezel to make the proper display adjus...

Page 165: ...f Manual is selected the ashing cursor moves to the backlight level eld Turn the small right knob to select the desired level Press the ENT Key to accept the selection Changing the display contrast 1...

Page 166: ...runway surface selection 4 The ashing cursor moves to the minimum runway length eld Figure 8 77 To enter a different minimum runway length use the small and large right knobs to enter the desired len...

Page 167: ...ure 8 79 Select Field Type Window 3 Press the ENT Key to accept the data type 4 Press the small right knob to remove the cursor and return to the Setup 2 Page Setup 2 Page Auxiliary Con guration Con g...

Page 168: ...up 2 Page NOTE The Traf c selection in the Auxiliary Con guration Field is only available if the GPS 400 is con gured for interface with a traf c information device see Section 10 Restoring Factory Se...

Page 169: ...tained in the TERRAIN databases comes from government agencies Garmin accurately processes and cross validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data TERRAIN displays...

Page 170: ...re the GPS position and GPS MSL altitude are used to calculate and predict the aircraft s ight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles In this manner TERRAIN can provide advanced ale...

Page 171: ...Projected Flight Path 1000 ft 100 ft Threshold Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow Terrain above or withi...

Page 172: ...ded according to Table 9 2 Figure 9 2 TERRAIN Annunciation Field TERRAIN Annunciation NOTE TERRAIN Advisory Alerts are displayed as constant black text on a yellow background TERRAIN CautionAlerts are...

Page 173: ...ble None Required Terrain Clearance RTC Advisory Required Terrain Clearance RTC Caution FLASHING FLASHING Imminent Terrain Impact ITI Advisory Imminent Terrain Impact ITI Caution FLASHING FLASHING Req...

Page 174: ...TC or ROC alert is issued a potential impact point is displayed on the TERRAIN Page Imminent Terrain Impact ITI and Imminent Obstacle Impact IOI These alerts are issued when the aircraft is below the...

Page 175: ...7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Too Low Terrain Too Low Terrain Runway Threshold Figure 9 5 PDA Alerting Threshold TERRAIN Inhibit TERRAIN also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA PDA visual alerts...

Page 176: ...RRAINNOTAVAILABLE isgeneratedontheTERRAIN Page Figure 9 8 When the GPS signal is re established and the aircraft is within the database coverage area the TER N A visual annunciation is removed Figure...

Page 177: ...ntee the accuracy and completeness of the data The terrain obstacle databases are contained on a datacard which is inserted in the right most slot of the GPS 400 units Appendix A NOTE Obstacles 200 an...

Page 178: ...ta card from and insert the new card into the right most slot of the GPS 400 4 Turn on the GPS 400 and verify that the TERRAIN system passes self test Terrain Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage Table...

Page 179: ...and Weather Data Link displays are available only when GPS 400 units are con gured with the GTX 330 Mode STransponder and a GDL 49 or GDL 69 A Data Link Satellite Receiver 10 1 TRAFFIC INFORMATION SER...

Page 180: ...ion of the Aeronautical Information Manual Section 1 3 5 TIS is not intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot responsibility to see and avoid other aircraft TI...

Page 181: ...ce and altitude remain relatively accurate and may be used to assist see and avoid Some of the more common examples of these errors follow When client or intruder aircraft maneuver excessively or abru...

Page 182: ...a dedicated Traf c page and on the moving Map Page The symbology is shown in Table 10 1 and Figures 10 2 10 3 and 10 4 The symbology is described in Table 10 2 A Traf c Advisory TA symbol appears as a...

Page 183: ...lay range that does not meet the criteria for a TA or PA Traf c Ground Track The target track vector is a short line displayed in 45 increments The vector protrudes from each target symbol in the appr...

Page 184: ...ransponder Figure 10 9 No Data Message OPER When the Traf c Page displays OPER in the upper right hand corner of the display Figure 10 11 the TIS system is in operational mode and available to display...

Page 185: ...ssing the ENT Key or go back to the previous page by pressing the CLR Key Figure 10 13 Traf c Warning Window NOTE The Traf c Warning Window is disabled when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 k...

Page 186: ...TA PA Only traf c advisories and proximity advisories are displayed on the Map Page TA only Only traf c advisories are displayed on the Map Page TRAFC SMBL Allows the user to select the map range at...

Page 187: ...TIS Traf c Using Map Page Panning Another Map Page feature is panning which allows the pilot to move the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map scale Press the small right knob to sel...

Page 188: ...ng mode from the standby mode to display TIS traf c 1 Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and highlight STBY 2 Turn the small right knob to select OPER 3 Press the ENT Key to con rm Plac...

Page 189: ...XRAD and METAR data is collected by the National Weather Service and disseminated to Meteorlogix a weather information provider This data is then delivered to a weather server in the Echo Flight Messa...

Page 190: ...tenna points directly at the sun Military aircraft deploy metallic dust chaff which can cause alterations in radar scans Interference from buildings or mountains which may cause shadows NEXRAD Limitat...

Page 191: ...ur Source of NEXRAD Echo GDL 49 GDL 69 Atmos Cloud Rain Snow Sleet Hail 10 00 00 10 00 00 5 00 trace 0 00 trace 05 Very Light GREEN 5 00 trace 10 Light GREEN 10 0 trace 10 Light Light 15 01 1 2 Light...

Page 192: ...t NEXRAD data from a speci c waypoint identi er If From ID is selected as the reference point for the request the WPT eld is displayed in place of Position The WPT eld is used to enter a waypoint iden...

Page 193: ...he NEXRAD Request Page 5 Select Manual Send or Update Request and press the ENT Key The request has been sent Note that selecting Auto Request and pressing the ENT Key does not send the request until...

Page 194: ...ther Page The pilot can customize the NEXRAD data on the Weather Page from the Page Options Menu Customizing the NEXRAD data on the Weather Page 1 From the Weather Page press the MENU Key to display t...

Page 195: ...to the Map Page 5 Highlight the NEXRAD Density eld use the small right knob to set the density desired i e the transparency see Table 10 5 of the NEXRAD cells The density values are LOW MED HIGH Press...

Page 196: ...g the Airport Location Page Use the small and large right knobs to select the Airport Location Page from the WPT Group of pages On the Map Page move the target pointer to highlight an on screen airpor...

Page 197: ...ed Figure 10 28 Figure 10 28 Data Link Request Log Page Sending Position Reports GDL 49 Only The Data Link allows for accurate location tracking of the aircraft by sending the aircraft s position manu...

Page 198: ...nd This eld is used to send out a current single position report Figure 10 30 Figure 10 30 Position Report Page Requesting Graphical METARs Graphical METAR data can be requested from the Data Link Pag...

Page 199: ...the reference point for the request Radius Graphical requests only This eld selects a request radius from 50 to 250 nm from the selected position Position also WPT or Flight Plan Current Posn Position...

Page 200: ...ent Note that selecting Auto Request and pressing the ENT Key does not send the request until after the auto time period 6 To exit from the METAR Request Page press the small right knob The Map Page i...

Page 201: ...yed Figure 10 34 for the type of data that was selected Use the small right knob and scroll through the various descriptions for the symbols that are shown Press the small right knob to return to the...

Page 202: ...ld ashes 3 Turn the small right knob and select TEMP DP 4 Press the small right knob The Temperature Dewpoints are displayed on the NAV Weather Page NOTE See a complete description of all METAR Wind a...

Page 203: ...SAT ID CONNECTIVITY FIELD MESSAGE DESCRIPTION _ _ _ RS 232 communication with the GDL 49 has been lost Data Link has failed There is a disconnect inside the GDL 49 Linked to sat Can exchange data wit...

Page 204: ...r 2 good and 3 excellent XM GDL 69 69A not yet communicating with internal satellite radio hardware normal during power up X0 X1 X2 or X3 X Satellite radio service activated Satellite signal quality i...

Page 205: ...tion xxxx are numbers PRESFR Pressure falling rapidly PRESRR Pressure rising rapidly RA Rain RMK Remarks SCT Scattered clouds SLP Sea Level Pressure SM Statue Miles SN Snow TEMPO Occasionally Trrn Ter...

Page 206: ...bility Station Identi er Data Age Figure 10 37 METAR Symbol Winds Wind Vector The wind vector indicates the direction of the surface wind to the nearest 30 increment e g 30 60 90 120 etc Wind Speed In...

Page 207: ...on of 300 at a speed of 25 knots gusting to 36 knots or greater The data age is 11 20 minutes old Gust Offset Wind Speed Wind Vector Data Age Figure 10 38 Wind Symbol Temperature Dewpoints The Tempera...

Page 208: ...GPS 400 Pilot s Guide and Reference 190 00140 60 Rev E 10 30 SECTION 10 ADDITIONAL FEATURES Blank Page...

Page 209: ...n the exclusion function excludes one or more failed satellites and prevents them from being used during navigation This allows the GPS receiver to return to normal performance without interruption Th...

Page 210: ...Standard Termi nal Arrival Routes STARs if a NOTAM indicates a GPS satellite or satellites is scheduled to be out of service per FAA AC 90 100 U S Terminal and En Route Area Navigation RNAV Operations...

Page 211: ...referenced to True North The GPS 400 has not detected a NavData Card in the left data card slot Altitude input failure The GPS 400 is con gured to receive altitude serializer data Icarus Rosetta or S...

Page 212: ...lighting temperature The backlighting has been automatically dimmed to reduce the temperature Check for adequate ventilation or check cooling air ow Contact a Garmin dealer for assistance Data card fa...

Page 213: ...lso appears when an approach has been deleted from a stored ight plan because an approach could not be found These conditions may occur upon power up when a database change increases the number of way...

Page 214: ...detected a failure in the main system processor The GPS 400 is not usable and should be taken to a Garmin dealer for service Memory battery low The internal battery that sustains user memory is low an...

Page 215: ...and re initialize The GPS 400 cannot calculate a position due to abnormal satellite conditions The unit is unusable until power has been cycled off and back on Abnormal satellite conditions may exist...

Page 216: ...lete list of TERRAIN related Alerts and Annunciations Terrain con guration con ict The hardware con guration does not match the terrain software con guration The operational status of the terrain comp...

Page 217: ...90 00140 60 Rev E SECTION 12 MESSAGES ABBREVIATIONS NAV TERMS 12 7 Message Description Waypoint memory is full All 1000 user waypoint locations in the GPS 400 s memory have been used Delete unwanted w...

Page 218: ...se Deviation Indicator CLR Clear COM Communications Transceiver CRSR Cursor CTA ICAO Control Area CTAF Common Traf c Advisory Frequency CTR Center ARTCC CTS Course To Steer CUM Cumulative DB Database...

Page 219: ...ph Kilometers Per Hour kt Knots LAT LON Latitude Longitude lb Pounds LCL Local LFOB Left over Fuel On Board LOC Localizer LRES Left over Fuel Reserve Time Lrg Large lt Liters M Degrees Magnetic m Mete...

Page 220: ...ival Route SUA Special Use Airspace T Degree True TACAN Tactical Air Navigation TAS True Airspeed TAT Total Air Temperature TEMP Temperature TERM Terminal TKE Track Angle Error TMA ICAO Terminal Contr...

Page 221: ...e present position to a destination waypoint CAS calibrated airspeed Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument errors CTS course to steer The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course...

Page 222: ...indicated altitude LFOB left over fuel onboard The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of a one or more legs of a ight plan or a direct to LRES left over fuel reserve The amount of...

Page 223: ...nitializes Pressing the ENT Key will manually re initialize the unit GNC 420 Figure A 1 Data Card Slot Locations Terrain Data Card Slot right hand slot NavData Card Slot left hand slot NOTE There are...

Page 224: ...d motion at the front center of the data card This partially deploys the swing arm handle 2 Rotate the swing arm handle upward and outward until it locks into place perpendicular to the face of the GP...

Page 225: ...F to 131 F Humidity 95 non condensing Altitude 1 500 ft to 50 000 ft 457 m to 15 240 m GPS PERFORMANCE Receiver 12 parallel channel PhaseTrac12 Acquisition Time 12 seconds warm 45 seconds cold Update...

Page 226: ...GPS 400 Pilot s Guide and Reference 190 00140 60 Rev E APPENDIX B SPECIFICATIONS B 2 Blank Page...

Page 227: ...sion approaches During oceanic enroute and terminal phases of ight RAIM is available nearly 100 of the time Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches there may be times when RAIM is not av...

Page 228: ...procedure has not been modi ed If an approach departure or arrival procedure is no longer available the ight plan becomes locked until the procedure is deleted from the ight plan or the correct datab...

Page 229: ...ossed the active waypoint provided the active waypoint is not the last waypoint Refer to Section 5 2 for an example using the OBS Key One application for the OBS Key is holding patterns The OBS Key is...

Page 230: ...sequencing is enabled i e no OBS or SUSP annunciation directly above the OBS Key For automatic sequencing to occur the aircraft must also cross the bisector of the turn being navigated The bisector is...

Page 231: ...dpoint of the turn For more information on waypoint alerts and turn advisories see Sections 5 2 and 5 3 When does the CDI scale change and what does it change to If Auto mode is selected for the CDI s...

Page 232: ...en press the ENT Key twice How do I re select the same approach or activate a new approach after a missed approach After ying all missed approach procedures the pilot may reactivate the same approach...

Page 233: ...2 7 2 13 2 14 2 21 2 22 4 10 4 14 7 4 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 12 8 12 11 C CDI Scale 2 2 5 11 5 15 5 19 8 20 8 21 8 23 8 24 C 5 C 6 Ceiling and Visibility Graphics 10 28 Checklists 1 7 8 12 8 14 8 15 Closest...

Page 234: ...rack 1 10 1 11 2 3 2 20 12 12 Gust Offset Graphics 10 28 H Hold in an approach 5 9 5 23 C 3 Holding pattern 4 16 5 9 5 10 5 11 5 12 5 24 C 3 Hold waypoint 5 9 5 11 5 24 I IFR procedures 1 13 Insert th...

Page 235: ...5 12 5 13 5 17 5 20 5 22 5 23 5 26 12 1 12 5 12 6 C 2 C 6 Odometer 8 17 Overzoom 2 6 P Packing list 1 1 Page groups 1 3 2 1 7 1 8 1 PDA premature descent alert 9 5 Pointer panning 2 7 2 8 2 9 2 13 3 5...

Page 236: ...f c Advisory 10 4 Traf c coasting 10 6 Traf c Page 10 5 Traf c Warning Window 10 7 Transitions 4 12 4 13 5 1 5 5 5 10 5 18 6 8 6 10 6 12 12 3 C 5 Trip planning 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 6 Trip statistics 8 12 8 1...

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Page 238: ...U S A p 503 391 3411 f 503 364 2138 Garmin Europe Ltd Liberty House Bulls Copse Road Hounsdown Business Park Southampton SO40 9RB U K p 44 0 870 8501241 f 44 0 870 8501251 Garmin Corporation No 68 Ja...

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