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a tree if there is a danger of striking utility wi-
res; notify the utility company before making
any cuts.
General guidelines for felling trees (Fig. 12)
Normally felling consists of 2 main cutting opera-
tions, notching (C) and making the felling cut (D).
•
Start making the upper notch cut (C) on the
side of the tree facing the felling direction (E).
Be sure you don t make the lower cut too
deep into the trunk. The notch (C) should be
deep enough to create a hinge (F) of suffici-
ent width and strength. The notch should be
wide enough to direct the fall of the tree for as
long as possible.
•
Never walk in front of a tree that has been
notched. Make the felling cut (D) from the
other side of the tree and 1.5 - 2.0 inches (3-5
cm) above the edge of the notch (C). Never
saw completely through the trunk. Always
leave a hinge. The hinge guides the tree. If the
trunk is completely cut through, control over
the felling direction is lost. Insert a wedge
or felling lever in the cut well before the tree
becomes unstable and starts to move. This
will prevent the guidebar from binding in the
felling cut if you have misjudged the falling
direction. Make sure no bystanders have en-
tered the range of the falling tree before you
push it over.
•
Before making the final cut, always recheck
the area for bystanders, animals or obstac-
les.
Felling cut
•
Use wooden or plastic wedges (A) to pre-
vent binding the bar or chain (B) in the cut.
Wedges also control felling (Fig. 13).
•
When diameter of wood being cut is greater
than the bar length, make 2 cuts as shown
(Fig. 14).
•
As the felling cut gets close to the hinge, the
tree should begin to fall. When tree begins to
fall, remove saw from cut, stop engine, put
chain saw down, and leave area along retreat
path (Fig. 11).
Limbing
•
Limbing a tree is the process of removing the
branches from a fallen tree. Do not remove
supporting limbs (A) until after the log is
bucked (cut) into lengths (Fig. 15). Branches
under tension should be cut from the bottom
up to avoid binding the chain saw.
•
Never cut tree limbs while standing on tree
trunk.
Bucking
•
Bucking is cutting a fallen log into lengths.
Make sure you have a good footing and stand
uphill of the log when cutting on sloping
ground. If possible, the log should be suppor-
ted so that the end to be cut off is not resting
on the ground. If the log is supported at both
ends and you must cut in the middle, make
a downward cut halfway through the log and
then make the undercut. This will prevent the
log from pinching the bar and chain. Be care-
ful that the chain does not cut into the ground
when bucking as this causes rapid dulling of
the chain. When bucking on a slope, always
stand on the uphill side.
1. Log supported along entire length
: Cut
from top (overbuck), being careful to avoid
cutting into the ground (Fig. 16A).
2. Log supported on 1 end:
First, cut
from bottom (underbuck) 1/3 diameter of
log to avoid splintering. Second, cut from
above (overbuck) to meet first cut and avoid
pinching (Fig. 16B).
3. Log supported on both ends:
First, over-
buck 1/3 diameter of log to avoid splintering.
Second, underbuck to meet first cut and avo-
id pinching (Fig. 16C).
•
The best way to hold a log while bucking is
to use a sawhorse. When this is not possible,
the log should be raised and supported by the
limb stumps or by using supporting logs. Be
sure the log being cut is securely supported.
Bucking using a sawhorse (Fig. 17)
For personal safety and ease of cutting, the cor-
rect position for vertical bucking is essential (Fig.
17).
A. Hold the saw
fi
rmly with both hands and keep
the saw to the right of your body while cutting.
B. Keep the left arm as straight as possible.
C. Keep weight on both feet.
Caution:
When working with the saw, always
make sure that the saw chain and chain bar are
su
ffi
ciently lubricated.
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