OPERATOR’S
MANUAL
CMA-9000 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Page 1-4
November 19, 2009
Available sensors are selected in the following order of priority, based on nominal accuracy performance:
Navigation modes
Applicability
GPS
GPS sensor
DME/DME DME
sensor
NAV, DME sensors
VOR/DME/TACAN*
NAV, DME, TACAN* sensors
EGI sensor
Inertial
IRS sensor
Emulated INS via KALMAN FILTER APIRS/AHRS
equipment
Dead Reckoning
N/A
*When TACAN is proven accurate for Civil navigation.
A. GPS
GPS is normally the highest priority navigation mode of the FMS and will be used when sufficient satellite
coverage exists in the phases of flight for which it is approved.
The GPS mode will be selected for navigation when its RAIM function (or FMS’s computed NAIM when a
backup navigation sensor is also available to the FMS) computes a Horizontal Integrity Limit (HIL) value
which is less than the GPS Position Integrity Alert Limit (GPIAL). The latter is a function of the current phase
of flight and of the Required Navigation Performance (RNP). When the HIL exceeds the alert limit, or if the
GPS loses its RAIM function, then:
•
If GPS is the only sensor available for navigation:
GPS will remain selected for navigation, but the GPS Integrity annunciator will illuminate and the “GPS
POS UNCERTAIN” alert message will be displayed.
If at any time GPS becomes unavailable for navigation, the CMA-9000 FMS will revert to the Dead
Reckoning (DR) mode of navigation, the GPS integrity annunciator will illuminate, and the “GPS NAV
LOST” alert message will be displayed.
•
If additional sensors are available and approved for the phase of flight (DME/DME or
VOR/DME/TACAN):
The CMA-9000 FMS will continuously compute an ANP based on the difference of two positions (GPS
and other sensor) and the accuracy of the other sensor. If this ANP exceeds the required accuracy, or if
at any time the GPS sensor becomes unavailable for navigation, the CMA-9000 FMS will revert to the
next best IFR-approved navigation mode, the GPS Integrity annunciator will illuminate, and the “GPS
NAV LOST”* alert message will be displayed.
B. DME/DME
DME/DME is used in areas with sufficient DME and TACAN coverage, provided the appropriate navigation
database is configured. In this mode the CMA-9000 FMS automatically tunes the DME transceiver,
acquiring distance information from up to six DME and TACAN (DME capable) ground stations. The DME
distance is corrected for slant range error. Information on the DME facilities in use is displayed on the DME
STATUS page, and individual stations can be inhibited from the navigation solution from the DME
DESELECT page.
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