Dell S4048T, Configuration Manual

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Service Provider Bridging
Service provider bridging provides the ability to add a second VLAN ID tag in an Ethernet frame and is referred
to as VLAN stacking in the Dell Networking OS.
VLAN Stacking
VLAN stacking, also called Q-in-Q, is defined in IEEE 802.1ad — Provider Bridges , which is an amendment to
IEEE 802.1Q — Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks . It enables service providers to use 802.1Q architecture to
offer separate VLANs to customers with no coordination between customers, and minimal coordination
between customers and the provider.
Using only 802.1Q VLAN tagging all customers would have to use unique VLAN IDs to ensure that traffic is
segregated, and customers and the service provider would have to coordinate to ensure that traffic mapped
correctly across the provider network. Even under ideal conditions, customers and the provider would still
share the 4094 available VLANs.
Instead, 802.1ad allows service providers to add their own VLAN tag to frames traversing the provider
network. The provider can then differentiate customers even if they use the same VLAN ID, and providers can
map multiple customers to a single VLAN to overcome the 4094 VLAN limitation. Forwarding decisions in the
provider network are based on the provider VLAN tag only, so the provider can map traffic through the core
independently; the customer and provider only coordinate at the provider edge.
At the access point of a VLAN-stacking network, service providers add a VLAN tag, the S-Tag, to each frame
before the 802.1Q tag. From this point, the frame is double-tagged. The service provider uses the S-Tag, to
forward the frame traffic across its network. At the egress edge, the provider removes the S-Tag, so that the
customer receives the frame in its original condition, as shown in the following illustration.
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