Case 1021F, Operator'S Manual

Page: 206 / 366

7 - MAINTENANCE
Biodiesel fuel - Biodiesel fuels [60634146]
Biodiesel usage in CASE CONSTRUCTION
products
Introduction to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
(FAME) biodiesel
FAME biodiesel, called biodiesel fuel in the following sec-
tion, consists of a family of fuels derived from vegetable
oils treated with methyl esters.
There are two main biodiesel fuel types: Rapeseed
Methyl Ester (RME) and Soybean Methyl Ester (SME).
RME is a blend of rapeseed and sunflower methyl ester,
and is the preferred crop in Europe. SME is the preferred
crop in the United States.
Biodiesel fuel is a renewable alternative fuel source. Its
use and development is promoted worldwide, especially
in Europe and in the United States.
Biodiesel fuel can be used to run diesel engines as pure
biodiesel fuel or when blended with standard diesel fuel:
• B5: indicates the blend of
5 % biodiesel and 95 %
diesel fuels.
• B7: indicates the blend of
7 % biodiesel and 93 %
diesel fuels.
• B20: indicates the blend of
20 % biodiesel and 80 %
diesel fuels.
• B100: indicates pure biodiesel, or
100 % biodiesel fuel.
Do not use.
Biodiesel fuel has several positive features in comparison
with diesel fuel:
• Biodiesel fuel adds lubricity to the fuel, which is bene-
ficial in many circumstances, particularly as sulfur and
aromatics are removed from the fuel.
• Biodiesel has a greater cetane number and burns
cleaner.
• Biodiesel produces less particulate matter and reduces
smoke emissions.
• Biodiesel is fully biodegradable and non-toxic.
Diesel and biodiesel fuel specifications
Tier 2a diesel fuel specifications are covered by the
following:
•
EN 590 - Specification of Diesel fuel. (10 ppm sulfur
maximum.)
Biodiesel blends are covered by:
• European Diesel Fuel Specification
EN 590 allows up to
7 % biodiesel since 2009. European fuel suppliers are
allowed to use up to 7 % biodiesel fuel (B7) to supply
the network.
Pure biodiesel (B100) specification is covered by the
following requirements:
• Europe:
EN 14214:2009 - Automotive fuels. Fatty Acid
Methyl Ester (FAME) for diesel engines. Requirements
and test methods.
•
DIN V 51606 - German standard for biodiesel.
Before raw oil can be converted into usable biodiesel
fuel, it must undergo transesterification to remove glyc-
erides.
During the transesterification process, the oil
reacts with an alcohol to separate the glycerine from
the fat or vegetable oil. This process leaves behind two
products: methyl ester (the chemical name for biodiesel)
and glycerine (a byproduct usually sold for use in soaps
or other products).
NOTICE: Biodiesel fuels approved for use in the CASE
CONSTRUCTION equipment must be transesterified and
comply with the European Standard
EN14214 or the Ger-
man standard DIN V 51606 .
NOTICE: Cold Pressed Biodiesel, Cold Pressed Oil,
Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO), or more generally unre-
fined vegetable oils used as motor fuel, are fuels that
are normally made from Rapeseed oil or similar high oil
content crops. These kinds of fuel are not transesterified,
so they do not fulfil the
EN14214 requirements. There is
no recognized quality standard available for these types
of fuel. Therefore the use of Cold Pressed Biodiesel,
Cold Pressed Oil, Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO), or more
generally unrefined vegetable oils used as motor fuel
are NOT APPROVED at any blend in any CASE CON-
STRUCTION product.
NOTICE: Any engine and fuel injection equipment fitted
to a CASE CONSTRUCTION vehicle found to have run
with any blend of NON-APPROVED fuel (fuel not fulfilling
the specification described in the requirement
EN14214 )
will no longer be covered for Warranty by CASE CON-
STRUCTION.
Biodiesel fuel usage conditions
You must stringently follow the biodiesel fuel usage con-
ditions. Incorrect application of the biodiesel fuel usage
conditions could lead to severe damage to the engine,
fuel injection equipment and aftertreatment system.
The main concerns related to operation with biodiesel
fuels are:
• Filters and injector blockage caused by poor fuel qual-
ity.
• Wear and corrosion of internal components due to wa-
ter content, which affects lubricity.
• Deterioration of some rubber sealing compounds in the
fuel system.
• Biodiesel oxidation, which can lead to the formation of
deposits that can harm the fuel injection system.
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