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Form 080/01 

 

 

Complimentary Reference Material 

 
 
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Summary of Contents for S1 TRACER

Page 1: ...furbished and purchasing new Financing options such as Financial Rental and Leasing are also available on application TMG will assist if you are unsure whether this model will suit your requirements C...

Page 2: ...BRUKER AXS HANDHELD S1 TRACER Portable XRF Analyzer User Manual June 2008 415 North Quay Kennewick WA 99336 509 783 9850...

Page 3: ......

Page 4: ...o have completed an approved radiation safety training program The red LED on the analyzer indicates that the X rays are on Do not point the analyzer at any person when the analyzer is activated While...

Page 5: ...s are provided for any purschased analyzer which uses an X ray tube This Bruker S1 TRACER User Manual provides training for Bruker S1 TRACER XRF analyzers The following four sections plus Appendix A c...

Page 6: ...serious injury may result in cases where disassembly or tampering has occurred Comply with all instructions and labels provided with the S1 TRACER and do not remove labels Removal of any label will v...

Page 7: ...IREMENTS 21 3 Principal Components of the S1 TRACER 22 3 1 PRINCIPAL S1 TRACER COMPONENTS 22 3 2 PRINCIPAL PDA COMPONENTS 23 3 3 PRINCIPAL VACUUM PUMP COMPONENTS 23 3 4 INCLUDED ACCESSORIES 24 3 5 ADD...

Page 8: ...ILL NOT REACH 10 TORR OR LESS 79 7 6 THE YELLOW LAMP ON THE CONTROL PANEL IS BLINKING 79 7 7 THE RED LAMP ON THE CONTROL PANEL LOOKS UNEVEN 79 APPENDIX A BASIC RADIATION SAFETY INFORMATION 80 A 1 WHAT...

Page 9: ...rget depending on the purchased configuration The instrument contains a high resolution Peltier cooled Silicon PIN Si PIN diode detector The S1 TRACER is a fully field portable analyzer with an integr...

Page 10: ...1 program as described in section 5 3 4 When the Method setting is changed the filter wheel can be heard briefly spinning inside of the analyzer The filter wheel is also heard shortly after the analyz...

Page 11: ...t be removed when in vacuum mode to obtain accurate readings Note When the user selects an aluminum or titanium method in the BrukerS1 program the software prompts the user to connect the vacuum pump...

Page 12: ...lness i e mild to severe This section of the manual provides a basic understanding of radiation characteristics This should help in preventing unnecessary radiation exposure to S1 TRACER users and per...

Page 13: ...process called X ray fluorescence XRF is the principle of operation of the S1 TRACER XRF analyzer The X ray tube within the S1 TRACER is used to irradiate a chosen material at very close range with a...

Page 14: ...inst safety requirements of IEC 61010 1 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory User Part I General Requirements The S1 TRACER passed the ionizing radiation...

Page 15: ...ystem to prevent inadvertent operation of the analyzer The safety system for the S1 TRACER analyzer consists of a key switch password protection two 2 failsafe LED indicator lamps a trigger to activat...

Page 16: ...ertently released the spring mechanism will return the switch to its idle position and stop X ray generation Infrared IR Proximity Sensor The IR proximity sensor is used to confirm that the instrument...

Page 17: ...of the power key switch part of the analyzer Figure 2 2 is a sign as follows Figure 2 2 Caution radiation sign The control panel of the analyzer is labeled as illustrated in Figure 2 3 Figure 2 3 S1...

Page 18: ...ray warning Figure 2 4 Figure 2 4 Vacuum window and X ray warning label An X ray warning label is located near the nosepiece of the analyzer Figure 2 5 Figure 2 5 X ray warning label near nosepiece o...

Page 19: ...of the S1 TRACER shown in Figures 2 8 and 2 9 are for normal operating conditions These readings show the radiation background around the instrument in all directions These values were obtained using...

Page 20: ...on side top bottom and back of the analyzer are background bkgd Readings taken with a Bicron Model RSO 50 E low energy ion chamber survey instrument Reference distances were measured from the effecti...

Page 21: ...are in rem hr All other locations on side top bottom and back of the analyzer are background bkgd Readings taken with a Bicron Model RSO 50 E low energy ion chamber survey instrument with the beta shi...

Page 22: ...Bruker AXS Handheld Inc S1 TRACER User Manual Issued 6 08 Supersedes New 14 Note dose rates will vary based on current energy sample target collimator and windows...

Page 23: ...might permit unnecessary X ray radiation to escape Collectively these practices are know by the phrase As Low As Reasonably Achievable or the acronym ALARA User practice to implement ALARA will be fur...

Page 24: ...o prevent the emission of X rays from the X ray port without a solid object being in direct contact with the nosepiece WARNING The operator should never defeat the IR sensor in order to bypass this pa...

Page 25: ...ired by a regulatory agency when operating the S1 TRACER The operator is responsible for the security of the analyzer When in use the device should be in the operator s possession at all times i e eit...

Page 26: ...ng from the X ray tube is of a sufficiently high energy to penetrate thin samples especially if the sample is composed of lighter low atomic number elements The following tables illustrate relative in...

Page 27: ...tely contact Bruker AXS Handheld at 800 466 5323 or 509 783 9850 for assistance Use of a damaged analyzer may lead to unnecessary radiation exposure and or inaccurate measurements 2 10 2 10 2 10 2 10...

Page 28: ...to be used regarding specific requirements In the U S this agency is generally the State Health Department Never remove labels from the analyzer Comply with all instructions and labels provided with...

Page 29: ...with your local regulatory agency prior to transporting or shipping a S1 TRACER For travel or shipment within the U S there are no special Department of Transportation DOT interstate travel and shippi...

Page 30: ...nts Figure 3 1 S1 TRACER right side profile Figure 3 2 S1 TRACER control panel Dual red LED indicates X rays on Yellow LED indicates power on solid or error blinking Serial port for connecting to the...

Page 31: ...Components Figure 3 3 iPAQ PDA 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Principal Vacuum Pump Components Figure 3 4 Vacuum Pump Vacuum Port Power Port Vacuum Exhaust Battery Compartment Power Switch LCD Display Power button...

Page 32: ...call Bruker AXS Handheld at 509 783 9850 S1 TRACER Accessories Power Interlock Keys 2 PDA Release Keys 2 Li Ion Battery Packs 3 Battery Charger AVT and Power Cord Instrument Stand with PDA cradle A C...

Page 33: ...Supersedes New 25 Duplex 2205 Calibration Check Standard AL5083 Calibration Check Standard Clip on Sample Holder Safety Shield Shipping Case PDA Accessories Compact Flashcard A C Power Supply Null Mod...

Page 34: ...6 08 Supersedes New 26 Laptop Accessories PC Download Cable USB to Serial Cable Vacuum Pump Accessories NiMH Battery Pack 2 Universal Smart Battery Charger Vacuum Tubing may be clear or black A C Powe...

Page 35: ...ntal exposure to X rays For the case of small test samples it can safely cover the IR sensor while the sample covers the aperture Replacement Windows Additional replacement vacuum or Kapton windows ar...

Page 36: ...Handheld Inc S1 TRACER User Manual Issued 6 08 Supersedes New 28 Charging Line Voltage Instrument 90 240 V 50 60 Hz iPAQ PDA 100 240 V 50 60 Hz Charger 100 260 V 45 70 Hz Vacuum Pump Charger 100 240 V...

Page 37: ...the PDA has not been used for a week or more it should be recharged prior to use 4 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 S1 T S1 T S1 T S1 TRACER RACER RACER RACER 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 Battery Power Batter...

Page 38: ...the battery is charging and the green lamp indicates that charging is complete A totally depleted battery may take approximately 4 hours to fully charge Figure 4 2 Charging the S1 TRACER batteries To...

Page 39: ...Charging t Battery Power Charging t Battery Power Charging t Battery Power Charging the Batteries he Batteries he Batteries he Batteries When the PDA is attached to the S1 TRACER and the analyzer is o...

Page 40: ...elease barrel key into lock and turn key to move plunger Either connect the PDA to the A C adaptor and then plug it into a standard wall outlet or place the PDA in the cradle connect the A C adaptor t...

Page 41: ...cradle For more information on the PDA please refer to the iPAQ user manual 4 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 A C Power A C Power A C Power A C Power To operate the PDA on A C power plug the A C power s...

Page 42: ...mp is off prior to removing the batteries To change the battery turn the three knobs one quarter turn counter clockwise to remove the battery cover Unclip the white connector and remove the battery fr...

Page 43: ...he compartment on the vacuum pump Replace the battery cover and turn the three knobs clockwise to lock it in place A new fully charged battery will operate the vacuum pump for 2 to 4 hours 4 1 4 4 1 4...

Page 44: ...a hot location Do not place the battery in a microwave oven high pressure container or induction cookware Do not puncture the battery with nails or other sharp objects strike the battery with a hammer...

Page 45: ...please refer to section 4 2 3 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2 Connecting the Vacuum Pump Connecting the Vacuum Pump Connecting the Vacuum Pump Connecting the Vacuum Pump To analyze aluminum and titanium allo...

Page 46: ...h as aluminum or titanium alloys in vacuum mode remove the clip on window protector as illustrated in Figure 4 13 Grip the clip on window protector firmly on both sides and lift off of the analyzer To...

Page 47: ...ose with a soft lint free cloth dampened with isopropyl alcohol Peel the backing off of the replacement window and line up the aperture with the window Press the tape such that there are no air bubble...

Page 48: ...n Bench Top Configuration To set up the instrument stand lift the long side screw may need to be loosened to lift the side fully and tighten the screw to hold it in place Lift the shorter side such th...

Page 49: ...cessory over the sample so that the end of the safety shield also covers the IR sensor Figure 4 17 illustrates the safety shield being placed over the sample prior to testing For actual testing the sa...

Page 50: ...4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Starting the Analyzer If using the analyzer and accessories in battery power mode be sure to use fully charged batteries in the S1 TRACER PDA and vacuum pump Otherwise connect them to...

Page 51: ...1 TRACER Both are keyed and must be aligned for proper insertion Insert the opposite end of the cable into the bottom of the PDA Rest the PDA in the cradle on the analyzer stand Turn the S1 TRACER pow...

Page 52: ...acklight and adjust settings according to the need The Battery Power tab enables the user to set the amount of time the PDA waits before turning off the backlight if the device is running on battery p...

Page 53: ...er item in place of the provided stylus may void the PDA warranty The flash memory card containing the BrukerS1 program files for the PDA does NOT need to be installed into the PDA during normal opera...

Page 54: ...as verified the user password a radiation warning will appear as illustrated in Figure 5 4 indicating that the BrukerS1 is for use by trained and authorized personnel only This radiation warning scree...

Page 55: ...accessory and set the BrukerS1 software to write results to the memory card see section 6 4 System Setup or periodically download the test results to a PC see section 5 10 Viewing and Exporting Store...

Page 56: ...to adjust the length of time of the test and to activate or deactivate the auto trigger The Method can be changed to obtain more accurate results by using instrument settings optimized for measurement...

Page 57: ...the material to be used for cleaning the test surface Abrasives based on silicon used in sand blasting or bead blasting or aluminum oxides used in sandpaper or grinding wheels may leave traces of tho...

Page 58: ...amental Parameters analysis if a Grade ID cannot be determined within five seconds Dual will be implemented in a future version of the BrukerS1 software Figure 5 7 Analysis Type screen 5 3 2 5 3 2 5 3...

Page 59: ...mum and Maximum boxes display the lower and upper timed limits for each test The Minimum value specifies the number of seconds the test must run before test results will be saved This helps prevent un...

Page 60: ...raries may be required for testing An example would include identification of non standard specialized alloys To create or edit your own user library please refer to section 6 3 Library Maintenance Fi...

Page 61: ...the vacuum pump please see section 4 2 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 Analysis Modes 5 4 1 5 4 1 5 4 1 5 4 1 Pass Fail Mode Pass Fail Mode Pass Fail Mode Pass Fail Mode Pass Fail mode enables the user to determine w...

Page 62: ...es not match one of the selected Grade IDs The display also includes a Match Quality value displayed in parenthesis The Match Quality number will range from 0 0 to 10 and is an indicator of how closel...

Page 63: ...Quality value displayed to the right of the reported Grade ID The Match Quality number will range from 0 0 to 10 and is an indicator of how closely the measured chemistry for the material being teste...

Page 64: ...and the X ray tube to stabilize You will hear a slight whirring sound when the S1 TRACER is ready this sound is normal and comes from the internal filter wheel To analyze a material ensure that the B...

Page 65: ...and X rays will not be generated see section 7 for troubleshooting Figure 5 18 The control panel of the analyzer A few seconds after the trigger is pulled the analyzer displays the first calculated c...

Page 66: ...e red lines and the spectra axis menu The spectra can be manipulated by dragging the stylus along the screen Dragging the stylus up and down will stretch and compress the y axis count rate scale Dragg...

Page 67: ...spectrum The spectral energy lines associated with the element of interest will be displayed by two red lines the K and L energy lines 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 7 Editing Information Information related to the t...

Page 68: ...hange the settings on the PDA so that it saves results or spectra to a Compact Flash or SD memory card see section 6 4 5 9 5 9 5 9 5 9 Turning off the Analyzer Tap the Back button on the Analyze or Pa...

Page 69: ...rom the PDA will be similar to transferring data from an external disk drive using Microsoft Windows Explorer ActiveSync must be used in order to convert the Pocket Excel files pxl to Comma Separated...

Page 70: ...ync program on the PC Connect as Guest Do not create a Partnership it is not needed for exporting files Open My Computer and double click the PDA Mobile Device icon see Figure 5 21 The PDA directory i...

Page 71: ...of the file to be opened Figure 5 22 Example of a Results file opened in Excel 5 11 5 11 5 11 5 11 Checking Calibrations In the document envelope provided with the analyzer there are the following it...

Page 72: ...ersedes New 64 To verify the calibration of the analyzer set the analyzer up to operate and run five 30 second tests Average the chemistry results The results for each element should be within the tol...

Page 73: ...e standard library entries and create and edit custom User Libraries View and manage communications port settings used by the Bruker S1 program Manage user passwords The Utilities screen is illustrate...

Page 74: ...sed upon the current library or mode selected respectively The chemistry and spectral data is reread and redisplayed in the current mode The new results are displayed by tapping on each individual tes...

Page 75: ...of the alloys to be identified during testing along with the allowable range of concentration for each element within a particular alloy Library Maintenance functions will generally not be accessed d...

Page 76: ...ified by the S1 TRACER and the allowable range of their composition by weight percent The following data for each alloy is available The alloy name The UNS Unified Numbering System for Metals and Allo...

Page 77: ...ain User Libraries Maintain User Libraries Maintain User Libraries The Maintain User Libraries button see Figure 6 6 opens the User Library Maintenance screen shown in Figure 6 8 Figure 6 8 User Libra...

Page 78: ...then select the Edit Library button A User Grade Entry screen similar to that illustrated in Figure 6 11 will open To delete a user library select the name of the library name to be deleted and then...

Page 79: ...it existing material records the User Grade Entry screen Figure 6 11 is used Figure 6 11 The User Grade Entry screen When adding a new material record begin by selecting the Grade Name field The keybo...

Page 80: ...lt Figure 6 12 illustrates a typical example of a concentration value being entered for a user library grade entry Editing values for an existing grade uses the same screen and procedure as for a new...

Page 81: ...memory card is installed in the PDA when selecting this storage method Figure 6 13 System Setup menu To change the threshold for Match Quality used in Pass Fail calculations enter the new value in the...

Page 82: ...er Manual Issued 6 08 Supersedes New 74 Figure 6 14 Password Management screen When the new password has been successfully changed a confirmation will appear as illustrated in Figure 6 15 Figure 6 15...

Page 83: ...software will display a warning as illustrated in Figure 6 16 Figure 6 16 Current password entered incorrectly banner NOTE The password scheme in the BrukerS1 software is case sensitive Be sure you r...

Page 84: ...eft side of the PDA Remount the PDA on the analyzer or reconnect the null modem cable Make sure the analyzer power is on for at least one 1 minute before starting the BrukerS1 program If a measurement...

Page 85: ...e PDA from the cradle and access the Start menu on the PDA If the BrukerS1 program did not appear repeat Step 1 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 The BrukerS1 program on the PDA will not start or locks up Step 1 If oth...

Page 86: ...splays the startup screen turn the PDA power off Insert the Restore Flashcard into the PDA If the PDA does not automatically power up turn on the power The Bruker exe and supporting programs will auto...

Page 87: ...light on the control panel may blink due to several errors including the following Low Battery indicator Temperature warning First turn off the analyzer with the key switch and exchange the battery f...

Page 88: ...levels of radiation may pose a danger to living tissue because it has the potential to damage and or alter the chemical structure of cells This could result in various levels of illness i e mild to s...

Page 89: ...are called the basic building blocks of matter Example Oxygen and hydrogen are two very common elements If we combine one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen the result is a molecule of H2O or wa...

Page 90: ...ls or shells K and L shells are important in X ray fluorescence Have a negative electrical charge Determine chemical properties of an atom Have very little mass A A A A 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Structure of th...

Page 91: ...tive negative or neutral electrical charge The term ion is used to define atoms or groups of atoms that have a positive or negative electrical charge Positive Charge If an atom has more protons than e...

Page 92: ...aking radiation produced by the deceleration of electrons namely in an X ray tube Characteristic X rays X rays emitted from electrons during electron shell transfers Fail Safe Design One in which all...

Page 93: ...defines the transition from a controlled area to a radiation area and provides the necessary shielding to limit the dose rate in the controlled area during normal operation X ray Generator That portio...

Page 94: ...ionizing radiation can cause hair loss blood changes and varying degrees of illness These levels are approximately 1 000 times higher than levels that the public or workers are permitted to receive T...

Page 95: ...ge alpha particles will only travel about one to two inches in air This also limits its penetrating ability Shielding Most alpha particles will be stopped by a piece of paper several centimeters of ai...

Page 96: ...ticularly to the skin and eyes If ingested or inhaled beta radiation may pose a hazard to internal tissues Gamma Rays and X rays Gamma rays and X rays are electromagnetic waves or photons of pure ener...

Page 97: ...y have a high penetrating ability and require thick shielding material to stop Range in air can be several hundred feet Shielding The best materials to shield against neutron radiation are those with...

Page 98: ...Is a unit for measuring dose equivalence Is the most commonly used unit of radiation exposure measure Pertains directly to humans Takes into account the energy absorbed dose the quality of radiation...

Page 99: ...of our radiation exposure comes from natural sources about 3 0 mSv or 300 mrem per year In fact most of the world s population will be exposed to more ionizing radiation from natural sources than they...

Page 100: ...radiation due to increased concentrations of Uranium or Thorium in the soil The average dose received by the general public from terrestrial radiation is about 280 Sv 28 mrem per year Internal Source...

Page 101: ...only if ingested into the body Is the largest contributor of natural occurring radiation A A A A 8 8 8 8 2 2 2 2 Man Man Man Man made Sources made Sources made Sources made Sources In addition to natu...

Page 102: ...ice is now banned by most nations The average dose received by the general public from residual fallout is approximately 1 mrem or 10 Sv per year Consumer Products These include such products as Telev...

Page 103: ...DOE DOE contractors 0 44 44 Based on U S data only Significant Doses As stated previously the general public is exposed daily to small amounts of radiation However there are four major groups of peopl...

Page 104: ...lies in how much and how quickly a radiation dose is received Doses of radiation fall into one of two categories acute or chronic Acute Dose An acute dose is a large dose of radiation received in a sh...

Page 105: ...is a small amount of radiation received continually over a long period of time such as the dose of radiation we receive from natural background sources every day Chronic Dose vs Acute The body tolerat...

Page 106: ...m radiation exposure and include Total dose the larger the dose the greater the biological effects Dose rate the faster the dose is received the less time for the cell to repair Type of radiation the...

Page 107: ...s to fetal development For more information see Radiation Dose Limits Declared Pregnant Worker Section A 8 Putting Risks in Perspective Acceptance of any risk is a very personal matter and requires th...

Page 108: ...ent 55 Service 47 Manufacturing 43 Trade 30 The comparison of health and industrial risks illustrates the fact that no matter what you do there is always some associated risk For every risk there is s...

Page 109: ...r a given dose Extremities are less sensitive than internal organs because they do not contain critical organs That is why the annual dose limit for extremities is higher than for a whole body exposur...

Page 110: ...g an XRF to monitor and record the operator s exposure These devices are commonly referred to as dosimeters and the use of them for monitoring is called dosimetry The following information may apply t...

Page 111: ...gle charge of static electricity which it stores like a condenser As radiation passes through the chamber the charge is reduced in proportion to the amount of radiation received and the indicator move...

Page 112: ...doses to a level that is As Low As Reasonably Achievable ALARA ALARA is designed to prevent unnecessary exposures to employees the public and to protect the environment It is the responsibility of al...

Page 113: ...of radiation received is reduced This method can best be expressed by the Inverse Square Law The inverse square law states that doubling the distance from a point source reduces the dose rate intensit...

Page 114: ...ing ability of a material also depends on its density or the weight of a material per unit of volume Example A cubic foot of lead is heavier than the same volume of concrete and so it would also be a...

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