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Airplane Manual FK 9

B&F Technik Vertriebs GmbH

Revision 8

System Description

page 7-1

7.

Systems Description

7.1.

General

The FK 9 is a two-seat high wing ultralight aircraft with aerodynamic
steering. It is available in tricycle or tailwheel configuration. The wing has
flaps which can be set to three positions. The front- / tailwheel is connected
to the rudder pedals. The aircraft is equipped with dual controls.

7.2.

Instrument Panel

The instrument panel contains all required flight and engine instruments.
This describes a standard equipment configuration, different ooptions can be
provided on request.

1 Electric panel

5 Variometer

9 Oil temperature

2 Slip indicator

6 Compass

10 Cylinder Head

3 Speed indicator

7 RPM indicator

Temperature

4 Altimeter

8 Oil pressure

Controls to operate flaps, brakes and trim are located at the center console.

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Summary of Contents for FK 9 Mark IV

Page 1: ...Ultralight according BFU 95 LTF UL 2003 Kennblatt Nr 61102 2 This manual must be carried in the aircraft at all times Serial Nr ____ This is the Pilot s operating manual and approved flight manual Manual Nr 9 ____ 1E Manufacturer FK Lightplanes ...

Page 2: ...table contains a list of valid pages This table will be updated with every revision The pilot is responsible for keeping all pages of this manual to the revision status indicated in the table by exchanging the relevant pages when a new revision has been published For updates check the homepage of FK Lightplanes under www fk lightplanes com regularly New revisions can be downloaded there If you do ...

Page 3: ...11 2 3 21 1 07 11 2 4 20 1 11 09 2 5 21 1 07 11 2 6 17 1 10 07 3 1 21 1 07 11 3 2 20 1 11 09 3 3 21 1 07 11 4 1 8 1 07 05 4 2 12 20 07 06 4 3 12 20 07 06 4 4 19 1 04 09 4 5 20 1 11 09 4 6 20 1 11 09 4 7 20 1 11 09 4 8 20 1 11 09 5 1 8 1 07 05 5 2 21 1 07 11 6 1 1 1 09 03 6 2 20 1 11 09 6 3 17 1 10 07 6 4 19 1 04 09 6 5 19 1 04 09 7 1 8 1 07 05 7 2 8 1 07 05 7 3 20 1 11 09 7 4 20 1 11 09 7 5 20 1 1...

Page 4: ...breviations and Terminology 1 3 2 LIMITATIONS 2 1 2 1 General 2 1 2 2 Airspeed Limitations 2 1 2 3 Airspeed Indicator Markings 2 2 2 4 Power Plant Limitations 2 2 2 5 Propeller 2 3 2 6 Weights 2 4 2 7 C G Limits 2 4 2 8 Maneuvers 2 4 2 9 Flight Load Factors 2 5 2 10 Kind of Operation 2 5 2 11 Fuel Oil Coolant 2 5 2 12 Passenger Seating 2 5 2 13 Colour 2 6 2 14 Electric 2 6 ...

Page 5: ...Fuel Pressure Low 3 1 3 4 Generator Fault 3 1 3 5 Glide 3 1 3 6 Emergency Landing 3 2 3 7 Strong Vibrations 3 2 3 8 Steering Problems 3 2 3 9 Fire and Smoke 3 3 3 10 Stall recovery 3 3 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4 1 4 1 General 4 1 4 2 Regular Inspection 4 1 4 3 Preflight Inspection 4 1 4 4 Engine Start 4 4 4 5 Taxi 4 4 4 6 Before Take off 4 5 4 7 Takeoff 4 5 4 8 Climb 4 6 ...

Page 6: ...r Landing Parking 4 8 5 PERFORMANCE 5 1 5 1 General 5 1 5 2 Takeoff Distance 5 1 5 3 Cruise Performance 5 2 5 4 Service Ceiling 5 2 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE 6 1 6 1 General 6 1 6 2 Basic Empty Weight 6 1 6 3 Determination of C G for the Flight 6 3 7 SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION 7 1 7 1 General 7 1 7 2 Instrument Panel 7 1 7 3 Rescue system 7 2 7 4 Flaps 7 3 7 5 Tyres 7 3 ...

Page 7: ...cal System 7 7 8 HANDLING SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE 8 1 8 1 General 8 1 8 2 Ground Handling 8 1 8 3 Cleaning 8 1 8 4 General Advice 8 1 8 5 Regular Maintenance and Lubrication Schedule 8 2 8 6 Time between Overhaul TBO 8 2 8 7 Fuel System Check Cleaning 8 4 8 8 Control Surface Angle 8 4 8 9 Jacking Towing Storage 8 4 8 10 Main Subsidiary Structure 8 5 8 11 Materials for minor repairs 8 5 8 12 Spec...

Page 8: ...4 Weighing 8 5 8 15 Mounting Maintenance of the Rescue System 8 6 8 16 Assembly of the Aircraft 8 6 9 SUPPLEMENTS 9 1 9 1 General 9 1 9 2 Engine Manual 9 1 9 3 Rescue System 9 1 9 4 Avionics Special Engine Instruments 9 1 9 5 Kremen Propeller 9 1 9 6 Sailplane Towing 9 1 9 6 1 Technical Data Limitations 9 1 ...

Page 9: ... the airplane All values in this manual are based on ICAO Standard Atmosphere conditions and maximum takeoff weight MTOW The pilot in command has to make sure that the airplane is airworthy and operated according to this manual Non compliance with handling maintenance and checking instructions as indicated in the flight and maintenance manuals as well as the respective updates which are published ...

Page 10: ...Airplane Manual FK 9 B F Technik Vertriebs GmbH Revision 10 General page 1 2 1 1 Airplane Three Side View ...

Page 11: ... airplane VRA Maximum speed in turbulence VNE Never exceed speed is the speed limit that must not be exceeded at any time VNO Maximum structural cruising speed is the speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air and only with caution VS Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable VSO Stalling speed in landing configuration full flaps VX Best an...

Page 12: ...d by its arm Airplane center of gravity C G The point at which an airplane would balance if sus pended Its distance from the reference datum is found by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane C G arm The arm obtained by adding the airplane s individual moments and dividing the sum by the total weight C G limits The extreme center of gravity locations within which the airplan...

Page 13: ...e identical This table shows stall speed VS and maximum speed VFE for the respective flap setting based on a weight of 472 5 kg Flap pos VS VFE Remark 2 65 km h 105 km h short field landing 1 70 km h 117 km h takeoff normal landing 0 75 km h Utility 230 km h 215 km h cruise never exceed speed VNE 230 km h Version Utility or with Junkers Rescue System VNE 215 km h max speed in turbulence VRA 184 km...

Page 14: ...ellow radial at VA 151 km h maneuvering speed yellow arc VRA to VNE 184 to 230 km h Utility or Junkers Rescue System 215 km h operate with caution only in smooth air red radial at VNE 230 km h Utility 215 km h max speed for all operations 2 4 Power Plant Limitations This is summary of the respective ROTAX or M160 engine manual In case of any discrepancy the engine manual shall apply M160 SMART 60 ...

Page 15: ...h have had the prop spun for more than 1 turn in reverse direction allow air to be injested into the valve train Action 1 It is forbidden to spun the prop in reverse direction for more than 1 turn 2 Inspection for correct venting of the oil system has to be performed in cases when the prop has been spun in reverse direction for more than 1 turn 2 5 Propeller Pos Engine Propeller Diameter 01 ROTAX ...

Page 16: ...ht aircraft ultralight category spinning is strictly prohibited and is not required to demonstrate during flight test program Despite this all FK aircraft have also been tested regarding their general spin characteristics In general it is important to know that a spin is a very complex flight condition and relates to many individual factors like weight centre of gravity mass distribution aerodynam...

Page 17: ...itions These maneuvers may cause a fire due to fuel spill when using ROTAX engines with carburetors 2 9 Flight Load Factors positive negative Maximum load factor at VA 4g 2g Maximum load factor at VNE 4g 1 5g Maximum load factor with flaps down 2g 0g 2 10 Kind of Operation The FK 9 is approved as Ultralight aircraft for VFR day Nfl 1 96 82 2 11 Fuel Oil Coolant Engine operating manual is the gover...

Page 18: ...rtment max load 3 kg with 60L fuel Choke ROTAX only choke Carburetor heat carb option Cabin heat cabin heat option Throttle friction throttle friction Trim handle trim Trim markings Neutral nose up nose down Park brake valve Park Brake handle Brake Flap indication 110 95 close to indication LED Oil temperature indication VDO OIL CHT indication VDO CHT Fuel cap FUEL AVGAS MOGAS Fuel indication mark...

Page 19: ... electronic reset Engine start No restart possible Emergency landing perform respective procedure 3 3 Fuel Pressure Low In the event of a fuel pressure low indication switch ON the electrical fuel pump ROTAX only 3 4 Generator Fault In the event of a power generator fault switch OFF all non essential devices in order to save battery power With Smart engine installed land immediately as the engine ...

Page 20: ... airspeed flap setting or slip Use caution flaps in position 2 cause a lot of drag Airspeed indication remains valid during slip Touchdown should be achieved at minimum speed 3 7 Strong Vibrations Caused by engine or propeller Ignition OFF Airspeed reduce Emergency landing perform respective Abnormal List Caused by the fuselage wings Airspeed reduce 3 8 Steering Problems Aircraft uncontrollable wi...

Page 21: ...n recovery if a spin is entered inadvertently Power idle Stick neutral Full rudder opposite to direction of spin Flaps up Wings level Aircraft recover To avoid overstressing the flaps they must be retracted immediately Altitude loss and pitch during stall Configuration VS Altitude loss Pitch after stall flaps up pos 0 75 km h 40m 5 flaps pos 1 70 km h 40m 5 flaps pos 2 65 km h 35m 5 Stalls especia...

Page 22: ...especially to the composite and aluminium structures 4 3 Preflight Inspection During preflight inspection the aircraft must be inspected for its general condition Snow ice frost and dirt must be removed completely from the aircraft as they impair aerodynamics and also increase weight Preparation Aircraft condition Airworthy papers available Weather Sufficient Baggage Weighted and safely stowed Wei...

Page 23: ... rudder must be checked for damage In cold and moist weather conditions the ceconite can loose tension If there is no structural damage it can be carefully treated with a hair dryer to bring up the tension 1 Engine perform check as prescribed above 2 Propeller no damage cracks 3 Nose wheel wheel fairings check tire press 1 5 bar 4 Right landing gear wheel fairings check tire press 2 bar check main...

Page 24: ...g bolts secured 16 Aileron hinge secured 17 Balance weight tight no play 18 Left wing clean no damage 19 Left strut bolts secured no damage pitot tube clear cover removed 20 Left landing gear wheel fairings check tire press 2 bar check main attachment screws Tail wheel only tailwheel Wheel OK connection OK secured ...

Page 25: ...afety pin removed Battery switch ON Ignition ON Electrical fuel pump ON ROTAX only Choke ROTAX only pull cold engine only Parking Brake set Throttle idIe ROTAX hot engine throttle Prop area CLEAR Starter engage set 1600 1700 RPM Oil pressure check Choke ROTAX only OFF Avionics ON Electrical fuel pump OFF ROTAX only 4 5 Taxi Brakes check Stick pull to relieve nosewheel Rudder do not move if aircraf...

Page 26: ...ght controls check Trim set Doors closed and locked end of seatbelts inside the cockpit Oil temperature min 50 C CHT min 60 C 4 7 Takeoff Brakes apply Throttle advance slowly to full power Manifold pressure SMART only 1 8 bar 60KW or 2 3 bar 74 KW 0 1 bar Engine instruments check min 4500 RPM Brakes release Elevator neutral at 90 to 100 km h lift off Climb 100 km h with flaps in Pos 1 120 km h wit...

Page 27: ...oss of cooling fluid Reduce power setting and increase airspeed until CHT remains below 115 C 4 9 Cruise ROTAX SMART Oil temperature max 130 C max 140 C CHT max 120 C max 105 C Speed as required Trim set Fuel monitor For values of fuel flow and range check chapter 5 4 10 Descent Carburetor heat ON if installed Oil temperature min 50 C CHT min 60 C Hint If engine temperatures remain at or below min...

Page 28: ...hort Field Landing Speed reduce to 110 km h Flaps set Pos 1 Electrical fuel pump ON ROTAX only On final reduce speed to 95 km h flaps set Pos 2 Speed 90 to 95 km h rain 5 km h Short prior touchdown not to early start flare to achieve touchdown at minimum speed Throttle Idle Tailwheel only Touchdown in 3 point position Control stick keep full aft after tailwheel is on the ground Go Around Throttle ...

Page 29: ...rtain conditions crosswind turbulence forward CG it is recommended to retract flaps immediately after touchdown 4 12 Touch and Go Flaps retract to Pos 1 Carburetor heat OFF if installed Trim set takeoff position Throttle advance slowly to full power at 90 to 100 km h rotate Speed 100 km h Clear of obstacles at safe altitude Flaps up Electrical fuel pump OFF ROTAX only Speed 120 km h 4 13 After Lan...

Page 30: ...ass surface takeoff weight 472 5kg flaps pos 1 Propeller Engine Takeoff run to 15m Height Junkers ROTAX 912 UL 120m 230m Warp Duc ROTAX 912 UL 120m 230m Kremen ROTAX 912 UL 110m 200m Sportprop ROTAX 912 ULS 100m 185m Warp Duc ROTAX 912 ULS 100m 185m Warp Duc M160 60 KW 120m 230m Warp Duc M160 74 KW 105m 190m Duc FC ROTAX 912 ULS 150m 285m Correction for differing conditions Correct above mentioned...

Page 31: ... safety margin of at least 5 5 4 Service Ceiling The maximum Altitide in ISA conditions is Engine ceiling ROTAX 912 UL 14500ft ROTAX 912 ULS 16000ft M160 60 KW 15000ft M160 74 KW 16000ft Please observe Oxygen requirements and respect any local regulations and rules When using the M160 engine do not overboost observe the engine manual 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 speed IAS km...

Page 32: ...tion takeoff and landing An aft C G may cause instability inadvertent stall or even spin The pilot in command must assure prior to each takeoff that the aircraft is operated within the certified weight and balance limits 6 2 Basic Empty Weight Prior to delivery each aircraft has been weighted with fuselage level reference line see drawing below including oil and coolant as well as equipment as ind...

Page 33: ...ight GR weight right GL weight left GG GL GR L GV L m X 2 1 Tricycle GV weight front GG L GH L GL GR m X 2 1 Tailwheel GH weight aft L 1 from datum to the axle of the main wheels L 2 from datum to the axle of the tailwheel Arms Datum wing leading edge L 1 nosewheel Weight form L 4 tank 1 05 m L 2 wheel Weight form L 5 baggage 1 19 m L 3 seat 0 43 m L 6 Wingtank 0 21 m ...

Page 34: ...l GL 120 1 L 2 0 527 63 29 Right wheel GR 119 1 L 2 0 527 62 77 Nose wheel GV 45 8 L 1 0 854 39 11 Empty weight Empty weight C G data 285 0 31 86 95 Pilot s 150 L 3 0 43 64 5 Fuel 10 L 4 1 05 10 5 Fuel Wing 0 L 6 0 21 0 Baggage 5 L 5 1 19 5 95 Total Weight C G 0 22 to 0 44 Total Moments Total 450 0 373 167 9 Form Position Weight kg Arm m Moment mkg Left wheel GL _____ L 2 _____ _____ Right wheel G...

Page 35: ... next lower row takes care of the weight of the fuel for 10 kg about 2 boxes to the right The next row is for baggage for 5 kg about one box to the right The sum of fuel in the main tank and baggage weight must not exceed 46 5 kg If there is fuel in the optional wingtanks it has to be considered in the same way in the next row Draw a vertical line from this point to the lower graph and a horizonta...

Page 36: ...Airplane Manual FK 9 B F Technik Vertriebs GmbH Revision 19 Weight Balance page 6 5 Insert Loadsheet FK9 DIN A4 here ...

Page 37: ...t tailwheel is connected to the rudder pedals The aircraft is equipped with dual controls 7 2 Instrument Panel The instrument panel contains all required flight and engine instruments This describes a standard equipment configuration different ooptions can be provided on request 1 Electric panel 5 Variometer 9 Oil temperature 2 Slip indicator 6 Compass 10 Cylinder Head 3 Speed indicator 7 RPM indi...

Page 38: ...9 is equipped with a rescue system mounted into the fuselage behind the seats Only original Kevlar harness parts must be used There must be no obstructions for the deployment of the rocket Detailed information concerning max speed capacity and maintenance cycles are provided in the respective rescue system manual ...

Page 39: ...the center console The safety pin must be removed before flight The safety pin should be installed again during storage parking of the aircraft to avoid inadvertent activation 7 4 Flaps The flaps are operated mechanically The respective flap position is indicated either by small diodes near the airspeed indicator or by electronic display systems 7 5 Tyres Wheel Size Pressure Main 6 00 x 6 or 4 00 ...

Page 40: ...e The lock is released by pressing the red button 7 8 Doors The doors can be opened and locked from inside with a handle The pilots door can also be opened closed from outside Both doors have a small vent Doors can be removed completely Without doors the airspeed must be limited to 100 km h 7 9 Engine The engine is a ROTAX 912 UL 912 ULS four cylinder or a three cylinder M160 smart engine with tur...

Page 41: ...ical fuel pump Fuel quantity is indicated by a gauge at the tank After refuelling this indication is accurate after both tanks have levelled This can take up to 5 minutes Additionally installed is an electrical gauge on the center console This gauge offers a rough estimate of the current fuel quantity The accuracy of the gauge is not sufficient for flight planning purposes This gauge indicates les...

Page 42: ...Airplane Manual FK 9 B F Technik Vertriebs GmbH Revision 19 System Description page 7 6 ...

Page 43: ...e handle is without function In case the aircraft starts to move with park brake set the valve must be opened and the brake handle pulled Thereafter the valve can be closed again 7 12 Heating and Ventilation The FK 9 is optionally equipped with cabin heating By pulling the lever below the instrument panel heated air is allowed to enter the cabin through the front of the pilots feet The cabin is ve...

Page 44: ...ectrical system is designed for a maximum load of 12 A Connecting a lot of high drain components landing lights etc may result in a higher load This can lead to overheating and or an electrical smoke fire condition and must be avoided under all circumstances Fuses Only fuses with time lag should be installed Main Panel Ext Power Pump Eng Instr Generator Navigation Radio 2A 8A 500mA 500mA 2A 2A Add...

Page 45: ...be stored in a trailer For details consult the manufacturer 8 3 Cleaning A clean surface is very important for aircraft performance Therefore the whole aircraft and especially the leading edges of the wings and propeller blades should be kept as clean as possible Cleaning is preferably done by using a lot of water if required a mild soap may be added Once a year the painted surface should be treat...

Page 46: ...ns which must be done for the first time after the very first 2 10 flight hours The regular maintenance intervals are 100 200 500 flight hours or every year every 2 every 4 years Engine maintenance must be performed additionally according to the respective engine manual 8 6 Time between Overhaul TBO For the main structure none recommendation engine overhaul according engine manual recommendation p...

Page 47: ...Airplane Manual FK 9 B F Technik Vertriebs GmbH Revision 17 Handling Serv Maint page 8 3 insert maintenance schedule FK 9 Airframe DIN A4 here ...

Page 48: ...ance Elevator Up 25 2 0 Down 11 2 1 Rudder Right 18 2 1 Left 18 2 1 Aileron Flaps 10 shortwing Up 14 20 1 1 Down 9 17 2 1 Flaps Position 0 10 1 1 Position 1 5 1 1 Position 2 30 1 1 8 9 Jacking Towing Storage Use following points for jacking 1 lower engine mount where connected to the fuselage or engine mount junctions hanging up 2 main gear beam where connected to the fuselage 3 nose tailwheel whe...

Page 49: ... inside cockpit covers consoles floor 5 skin 8 11 Materials for minor repairs Repairs at the subsidiary structure may be performed by the owner however it is recommended to consult the manufacturer or a certified repair center before commencing the work Materials available for fuselage repair 1 Glass fibre layer Köper 160g sqm 2 Epoxy resin 3 Covering Ceconite 102 adhesives i e Polytak common dope...

Page 50: ...amage Check fuselage and wings for loose or foreign objects Connect the wings to the fuselage doors must be removed or closed IMPORTANT for wing assembly unfold the wing with the leading edge facing downwards turn the wing into its normal position and push it towards the fuselage close both wing bolts Install the strut with its two bolts the upper one is screwed Cover the gap between wing and fuse...

Page 51: ...flight controls and flaps To disassemble the aircraft follow above mentioned steps in reverse order observe the following steps If required remove the elevator tips install the storing device for the wings at the aft part of the fuselage Note the screws at the main tube of the folding mechanism overhead the pilots are the stop for the folding mechanism they must only be removed it is intended to r...

Page 52: ...e manual for avionic components is supplied with every aircraft Specifications of this manual are part of the airplane manual and must be observed The equipment is installed according the manual and checked for proper operation 9 5 Kremen Propeller Limitations normal abnormal operation and maintenance of the Kremen propeller must be done according the propeller manual 9 6 Sailplane Towing 9 6 1 Te...

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