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7. Antenna Alignment 

 

 

AirLive AIRMAX5 User’s Manual 

108

 
 
 
 
 
 

It is important to align your antenna correctly with the remote device to get the best signal 
and performance.  The AirMax5 is equipped with a 14dBi antenna with dual diversity.  
There is a connector for external antenna if more distance or different angle coverage is 
required.  In this chapter, we will first explain the design and function of the built-in 
antenna.    Then we will talk about 2 different ways for antenna alignment:     
 

„

 

Using the LED Indicators

:    The AirMax5 has 2 LED indicators to show the current 

signal strength of the connection.    By having the 2 LED displayed in 4 different states, 
you can easily know the signal strength of your antenna without the need to use a PC.

 

„

 

Using Signal Survey tool: 

  The AirMax5 has a special S

ignal Survey 

tool inside the 

Site Survey

 function.    It will display a remote AP/Bridge’s signal strength level while 

you adjust the antenna angle.    If you can have a notebook attached while doing 
antenna alignment, this method can tell you the precise RSSI level.

 

 
We will provide instructions on the two alignment methods later in this chapter.    It is 
recommended that you read through 4.2.8 on how to change antenna settings, and 4.2.14 
about the RSSI LED Threshold before reading this chapter. 
 

7.1 About  AirMax5’s  Antenna 

The AirMax’s built-in antenna has the following characteristics: 
 

 

„

 

Gain

: 14dBi   

„

 

Type

: Patch Antenna 

„

 

Polarization

:    Vertical, Horizontal, or Diversity. 

„

 

H-Plane Coverage Angle

:  30 degree forward 

7 

7. 

Antenna Alignment

 

 

Summary of Contents for AIRMAX5

Page 1: ...AIRMAX5 802 11a 108Mbps Outdoor CPE User s Manual ...

Page 2: ...l photocopying or recording without the written consent of OvisLink Corp OvisLink Corp has made the best effort to ensure the accuracy of the information in this user s guide However we are not liable for the inaccuracies or errors in this guide Please use with caution All information is subject to change without notice All Trademarks are properties of their respective holders ...

Page 3: ...er Mode 8 1 5 8 AP Router Mode 9 2 Installing the AirMax5 10 2 1 Before You Start 10 2 2 Package Content 11 2 3 Optional Accessories 11 2 4 Knowing your AirMax5 12 2 5 Hardware Installation 13 2 5 1 Standard Pole Mount 15 2 5 2 Optional Tilting Metal Pole Wall Mount 16 2 5 3 Installing External Antenna 18 2 6 LED Table 20 2 7 Restore Settings to Default 20 3 Configuring the AirMax5 21 3 1 Importan...

Page 4: ... 2 1 Regulatory Domain 39 4 2 2 Network SSID 40 4 2 3 Site Survey 40 4 2 4 Signal Survey 41 4 2 5 Mode 11a SuperA TurboA 42 4 2 6 Channel 42 4 2 7 Security Settings 43 4 2 8 Advance Settings Wireless 48 4 2 9 Access Control ACL 51 4 2 10 Multiple SSID 52 4 2 11 WMM QoS 56 4 2 12 RADIUS Settings 59 4 2 13 Bandwidth Control 60 4 2 14 RSSI LED Threshold 64 4 2 15 Distance 64 4 3 WDS Settings 65 4 4 R...

Page 5: ...nternet Information 84 5 2 4 Wireless Client Table 84 5 2 5 System Log 85 6 Command Line Interface 86 6 1 System Commands 86 6 2 Debugging Commands 88 6 3 Show Commands 89 6 4 Set Commands 95 6 5 Enable Disable Commands 103 6 6 Add Delete Commands 104 7 Antenna Alignment 108 7 1 About AirMax5 s Antenna 108 7 1 1 Polarization 109 7 1 2 Mounting Adjustment 110 7 2 About RSSI Signal Level 111 7 3 Pre...

Page 6: ...r and Repeater 141 10 1 Application Environment 141 10 2 AirMax5 in WISP Router Mode 142 10 2 1 WISP Router Wireless Settings 142 10 2 2 WISP Router WAN Port and Virtual Server 144 10 3 AirMax5 in Repeater Mode 147 10 3 1 Repeater Router Wireless Settings 147 11 Emergency Firmware Recovery 150 11 1 How Emergency Upgrade Works 150 11 2 Emergency Upgrade Procedure 150 12 Frequent Asked Questions 153...

Page 7: ...nts v AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 13 3 Software Feature 160 13 3 1 Operation Mode 160 13 3 2 Management Interface 160 13 3 3 Channel Width Rate Mode 161 13 3 4 Advance Functions 161 14 Wireless Network Glossary 162 ...

Page 8: ...ould read at least go through the first 3 chapters before attempting to install the device Recommended Reading Chapter 1 1 5 Operation Modes This section explains the usage of each wireless operation mode It is a must read Chapter 2 This chapter is about hardware installation You should read through the entire chapter Chapter 3 3 1 Important Information This section has default settings informatio...

Page 9: ...ctions on setting up a multi point WDS Bridge network 4 4 Router Modes This section includes WAN port virtual server remote management virtual servers and all router related settings Chapter 5 Web Management 2 Configurations and Status This chapter explains all the non wireless settings and status such as IP settings Ping Watchdog 5 1 6 PING Watchdog PING watchdog is a crucial function to keep you...

Page 10: ... If you have a question about AirMax5 that is not found on other part of this guide you might find your answer here Including how to make connection with Mikrotik AP how to save password settings on the browser etc Chapter 14 Wireless Network Glossary Explanations on wireless network technical terms from A to Z Highly recommeded for referencing when you encounter an unfamiliar term 1 3 Firmware Up...

Page 11: ...30 degree Horizontal and Vertical coverage in the forward direction R SMA connector for external antenna Built from High Temperature resistant ABS material with Anti UV protection Power by passive PoE 12V Adapter and injector included Accept up to 22Vdc input on the PoE port Slide out housing design for easy maintenance Pole Mount strap included Optional metal mount and wall mount available Total ...

Page 12: ...rMax5 or 802 11a CPE can connect to AP mode through Client Infrastructure Mode or Bridge Infrastructure Mode The Access Point mode will act as WDS AP when connecting with the Bridge Infrastructure mode Please see Chapter 8 for step by step application example of this operation mode 1 5 2 Repeater Mode In Repeater mode the AIRMAX5 functions as a repeater that extends the range of remote wireless LA...

Page 13: ...to avoid network loop This mode usually delivers faster performance than infrastructure mode Please see Chapter 9 for step by step application example of this operation mode 1 5 4 Bridge Infrastructure Mode This mode is also known as WDS Station or Client mode with MAC address transparency The Bridge Infrastructure mode can only connect with Access Point mode 2 Bridge Infrastructure can not connec...

Page 14: ...xample of this operation mode For AirMax5 there are 2 types of Client Infrastructure Mode Single User and Multiple User When Single User is chosen only one PC that is connected behind the AirMax can get IP address from remote DHCP server When multiple user is chosen more than one PC can get IP address from remote DHCP server However in Client Infrastructure mode the AirMax5 always sends the AirMax...

Page 15: ...get network access 1 5 7 WISP Router Mode In WISP Router Mode AIRMAX5 connects to the remote Access Point as in Client Infrastructure Mode On the LAN side it acts like a wired router for IP sharing function This mode is best used for IP sharing application for WISP subscribers In this mode the WAN is the wireless client side the LAN is the wired side Please see Chapter 10 for step by step applicat...

Page 16: ...Mode the AirMax5 behaves like a wireless router The LAN port of the AirMax5 will become WAN port The wireless network of AirMax5 becomes the LAN side Please note when this mode is used the only way to manage the AirMax5 is through the wireless side unless remote management is opened ...

Page 17: ...i UV according to the length you need The AirMax5 must be installed in the upright position if the unit is located in outdoor or wet environments The use of 5GHz spectrum Turbo modes and 5 10MHz channel bandwidth might be prohibited in some countries Please consult with your country s telecom regulation first You must set the distance parameter to make long distance connection work Please refer to...

Page 18: ...le is not included in the package You may choose an outdoor specification Ethernet cable according to the length you need 2 3 Optional Accessories The AirMax5 have the following optional accessories which you can purchase from AirLive Tilting Metal Wall Pole Mount Model WMK AIRMAX This kit allows your AirMax5 to tilt in pole mount it also allow you to install the AirMax5 to the wall 25 meter PoE c...

Page 19: ...2 Install the AIRMAX5 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 12 2 4 Knowing your AirMax5 Below are descriptions and diagrams of the product ...

Page 20: ...ded PoE Ethernet cable with adequate length according to your need 1 Remove the screws from the sides of the case 2 Hold the sides of the bottom cases and pull out in the downward direction 3 Install the PoE cable to the PoE Port Follow the cable guard direction 4 Slide back the bottom case The PoE Cable exit hole should face up ...

Page 21: ...he case screws back 6 Install the PoE Cable and the Power Adapter to the DC Injector Please make sure to read the markings on the DC Injector carefully and connect the cables correctly You can connect your PC directly to the LAN port of the DC Injector DC Injector ...

Page 22: ...es standard with 2 plastic straps for pole mounting Please follow the procedure below to install 1 Put the plastic strap through the holes on the Pole Mount holders 2 Thread the thinner end of the strap into the opening on the other end Then tighten the strap around the pole as tightly as possible ...

Page 23: ...e vertical angle If you have purchased such kit please follow the instruction below to mount your AirMax Wall Mount Installation using WMK AIRMAX 1 Please first install the screw anchors into the wall 2 Secure the screws through the Metal Bracket into the screw anchors 3 Install the AirMax5 into the Metal Bracket and tighten the screws on the bracket 4 By adjusting the bracket screws you can adjus...

Page 24: ...off completely 2 Put the metal ring through the holes on the bracket and wrap it around the pole 3 Tighten the screw on the ring until the ring is very tight around the pole 4 Now install the AirMax 5 into the metal bracket and tighten the screws on the bracket 5 By adjusting the bracket screws you can adjust the tilting angle of the AirMax5 Bracket Screw 1 2 4 3 5 ...

Page 25: ...if you want to connect directly to an outdoor antenna with female N Type connector you would need a Male R SMA to Male N Type connector Please note that you should not connect the power until the external antenna is attached to avoid damaging the RF Once you have the converter cable please follow the installation steps below 1 Remove the screws from the side of the case 2 Hold the sides of the bot...

Page 26: ...t the case screws back 7 You should connect the AirMax5 to an external antenna before power on to avoid damaging the RF 8 Please go to the web configuration Select Wireless Settings operation mode Advance Settings Change the Antenna Setting to External The PoE Cable exit hole should face up ...

Page 27: ...ion OFF No Power Link Steady Yellow Link is active Flashing Yellow Transmit or receive data OFF No connection WLAN Signal Strength LEDs Weak Low signal strength Strong Better signal strength Weak Strong Full Signal strength No connection Bad signal strength 2 7 Restore Settings to Default If you have forgotten your AirMax5 s IP address or password you can restore your AirMax5 to the default settin...

Page 28: ...he default IP address is 192 168 1 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 The default password is airlive The default SSID is airlive The default wireless mode is AP mode After power on please wait for 2 minutes for AirMax5 to finish boot up Please remember to enter the correct Distance parameter in wireless settings Failure to do so can result in poor performance The default country code is United Kingdom I...

Page 29: ...Max5 using your PC 3 3 Management Interface The AirMax can be configured using one the management interfaces below Web Management HTTP You can manage your AirMax5 by simply typing its IP address in the web browser Most functions of AirMax5 can be accessed by web management interface We recommend using this interface for initial configurations To begin simply enter AirMax5 s IP address default is 1...

Page 30: ...ice provider to use HTTPS for management To begin simply enter https 192 168 1 1 on your web browser A security alert screen from your browser will pop up Please grant all permission and get certificate to AirMax5 After you pass the security warning screen you will enter the AirMax5 s secured web management interface The default password is airlive For more information about Web Management and HTT...

Page 31: ...at allow user to send text commands through SSL encryption Therefore it provides the added advantage of security comparing to Telnet As with Telnet the SSH and SSH2 provide the possibility to write a text script and paste into the CLI interface for multiple command execution It also makes configuration change across many AirMax5s easier The default management port for SSH SSH2 is TCP UDP port 22 T...

Page 32: ...25 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual When the following screen appear click on Yes to continue When the following screen appears enter root for login Then press Enter when password for root is requested do not enter any password 1 2 ...

Page 33: ...ement If you have a SNMP management software it can manage the AirMax5 The AirMax5 s SNMP support is as followed SNMP v1 v2 support SNMP Read Write Community String SNMP Trap support MIB and MIB II Support Ether like MIB IEEE802dot11 MIB Private MIB A copy of the AirMax5 s Private MIB can be found in the Private MIB directory on the installation CD Please also visit our website to check if a new v...

Page 34: ... Port 443 This procedure is not necessary in most cases unless there is a router firewall between your PC and AirMax5 3 4 1 Getting into Web Management Normal Web Management HTTP To get into the Normal Web Management simply type in the AirMax5 s IP address default IP is 192 168 1 1 into the web browser s address field Secured Web Management HTTPS To get into the Secured Web Management just type ht...

Page 35: ...3 Configuring the AirMax5 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 28 Firefox 1 Select or you can add an exception 2 Click on Add Exception 2 1 ...

Page 36: ...k on the function category it will direct you to the corresponding web management menu Wireless Settings Click on this part will bring you to the wireless operation mode menu The AirMax5 s wireless settings are different between wireless modes Only functions that are applicable to the wireless mode will show to simplify configuration For example multiple SSID option is only workable for Access Poi...

Page 37: ...section for monitoring the status of AirMax5 It provides information on device status Ethernet status wireless status wireless client table and system log Help This is the online help system for quick reference We still recommend you to read this user s guide for more information TIPS You can choose any menu categories to begin you can switch to other menu later When you choose one of the menu cat...

Page 38: ...re dependant on the wireless operation mode you choose Therefore the first step is to choose the operation mode For explanation on when to use what operation mode please refer to Chapter 1 When you click on the Wireless Settings on the welcome screen or the Operation Mode on the top menu bar the following screen will appear Follow the example below to change to Client Infrastructure mode 1 Select ...

Page 39: ...192 168 1 1 You should change it to the same subnet as your network Also if you want to manage AirMax5 remotely you have to set the Gateway and DNS server information To setup the IP settings for AirMax5 please select System Configuration Device IP Settings After entering the IP information click on Apply to finish 2 1 1 2 3 ...

Page 40: ...ries The default country code is United Kingdom which should require no changes If you are living in Europe If you are living outside EU you should change the country code accordingly In the example below we will change the country code to United States which enables the use of 5 8GHz spectrum Step 1 Select Operation Mode Setup Step 2 Select Advanced Settings ...

Page 41: ...3 Configuring the AirMax5 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 34 Step 3 Go to the Country Code and select the United States from the list Step 4 Click on Apply to finish ...

Page 42: ...ll be keep even after reboot If your AirMax5 is not connected to Internet please enter the time manually Please remember to select your local time zone and click Apply to finish 3 5 5 Change System Management It is recommended that you change the system management settings first Please go to System Configuration System Management The default web management time out is 10 minutes you can set to lon...

Page 43: ...uring the AirMax5 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 36 3 5 6 Change Password You should change the password for AirMax5 at the first login To change password please go to System Configuration Password Settings menu ...

Page 44: ...n menus are displayed in Top Menu Bar Within each main menu category there are sub menu options which are displayed on the Side Menu Bar Operation Mode This menu is where you will find wireless settings The AirMax5 s wireless settings are dependant on the wireless operation mode you choose only the applicable wireless settings for selected operation mode are shown For example WAN port setting is a...

Page 45: ...ireless status wireless client table and system log Logout Please make sure to Logout after you finish all settings 4 2 Operation Modes Wireless and WAN Settings The wireless settings of AirMax5 are dependant on the wireless operation mode you choose Therefore the first step is to choose the operation mode For explanation on when to use what operation mode please refer to Chapter 1 When you select...

Page 46: ... the particular operation mode Ethernet This shows whether the radio Once you click on the Setup page the wireless settings will appear 4 2 1 Regulatory Domain Operation Mode Setup Regulatory Domain The legal frequency and channels in 5GHz spectrum varies between countries This place shows what the current country code setting is To change regularly domain please go to the Advance Settings and sel...

Page 47: ... mode site survey will scan for available AP network Then allow user to select and connect to the AP This greatly simplify the installation Once Site Survey displays the available AP or Bridge networks you can select a particular SSID to display its RSSI value continuously This function is called Signal Survey Signal Survey can be used for antenna alignment For detail explanation of about RSSI val...

Page 48: ... For RSSI value the smaller the absolute value is the stronger the signal For example 50db has stronger signal than 80dB For outdoor connection signal stronger than 60dB is considered as a good connection 4 2 4 Signal Survey Operation Mode Setup Site Survey Signal Survey The Signal Survey will continuously display the RSSI value of the selected SSID for antenna alignment purpose To use Signal Surv...

Page 49: ... mode This mode might not be allowed in countries that prohibit channel binding i e some EU countries This mode will always turn on the turbo mode in all conditions Super A with Dynamic Turbo Dynamic Turbo mode will be turn on only when adjacent channel is not used It is also know as intelligent turbo mode This mode might not be allowed in countries that prohibit channel binding i e some EU countr...

Page 50: ...tion to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and or data encryption The AirMax5 features various security policies including WEP 802 1x WPA WPA PSK WPA2 WPA2 PSK WPA Auto and WPA PSK Auto Please note not all security policies are available in all operation modes For example only WEP is available currently in WDS Bridge m...

Page 51: ...l WEP Key 1 The length of key is dependant on the Key Length and Key type you choose Key Length The AirMax5 offers 64bit 128 bit and 152 bit for WEP key length The longer the Key Length the more secure the encryption is Key Type 2 types are available ASCII and HEX ASCII is a string of ASCII code including alphabetical characters space signs and numbers i e airlivepass12 HEX is a string of 16 bit h...

Page 52: ... a RADIUS server to do association authentications You can also enable dynamic WEP key 128 bit to have data encryption You do not have to enter the WEP key manually because it will be generated automatically and dynamically Rekey interval is time period that the system will change the key periodically The shorter the interval is the better the security is After you have finished the configuration ...

Page 53: ...oup Rekey Interval A group key is used for multicast broadcast data and the re key interval is time period that the system will change the group key periodically The shorter the interval is the better the security is The default is 300 sec WPA PSK WPA2 PSK WPA PSK Auto Wi Fi Protected Access WPA with Pre Shared Key PSK provides better security than WEP keys It does not require a RADIUS server in o...

Page 54: ...CCMP AES While CCMP provides better security than TKIP some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it You can select Both to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time Group Rekey Interval A group key is used for multicast broadcast data and the re key interval is time period that the system will change the group key perio...

Page 55: ...s Beacon Interval Beacon Interval The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its existence The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds The default value is 100 and a valid value should be between 1 and 65 535 RTS Threshold RTS CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for transmission Any unicast data or control frames l...

Page 56: ...t If there is no traffic from client for more than the timer the wireless client will be dropped The default is 300 sec This function is available only for the Access Point and AP router mode Country Code The legal frequency and channels in 5GHz spectrum varies between countries The default country code is United Kingdom which should require no changes If you are living in Europe If you are living...

Page 57: ...ACK setting is too high then throughput will be lost due to waiting for the Ack Window to timeout on lost packets If the ACK setting is too low then the ACK window will have expired and the returning packet will be dropped greatly lowering throughput By having the ability to adjust the ACK setting we can effectively optimize the throughput over long distance links The easiest way to enter AckTimeO...

Page 58: ...selected no MAC address filtering will be performed Enable GRANT address control list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Enable DENY address control list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network To add a MAC address into the table enter a Mnemonic Name and the MAC A...

Page 59: ...ryption type VLAN Tag and TOS settings In the following diagram the AirMax5 uses Multiple SSID function to create separate Bridge and Client network Each has its own encryption policies Configuring the Multiple SSID When you click on the Multiple SSID button the following screen will appear Bridge Network SSID BridgeNet Security WPA2 PSK VLAN ID 200 Client Network SSID ClientNet Security WPA PSK V...

Page 60: ... Select the Security Policy i e WPA2 PSK 3 Enter the Security Key i e BridgeNetKey 4 Click on Apply to add SSID How to Modify or Delete a SSID Please follow the procedure below 1 Select the SSID you want to modify or delete 2 The SSID s settings will be displayed in the box area Modify any settings 3 Click on APPLY to complete the modification 4 Or click on Delete Selected to delete the SSID 3 2 1...

Page 61: ...User s Manual 54 Configure the VLAN and DiffServ Markings When you check the Enable VLAN for All SSIDs and or Enable DiffServ Marking the following screen will appear 4 2 1 3 Click here to Apply changes in VLAN and DiffServe Marking Default SSID and VLAN Group ...

Page 62: ...e default VLAN group VLAN IP Each SSID can be given with different VLAN IP group Please notice that the management IP in the VLAN will also be changed For example if you define the VLAN IP to be 192 168 2 X subnet then the AIrMax5 s management IP in the group will change to 192 168 2 1 VLAN IP NetMask Define your VLAN IP scope here 802 1p Priority Define your 802 1p priority Tag here Value from 0 ...

Page 63: ... WMM is a standard to prioritize traffic for multimedia applications The WMM Settings is to specify parameters on multiple data queue for better performance of differentiated wireless traffic like Voice over IP VoIP other types of audio video and streaming media as well as traditional IP data over the AP Configure the WMM QoS Parameters ...

Page 64: ...efore packets in a lower priority queue ECWmin and ECWmax If an access point detects that the medium is in use it uses the DCF random backoff timer to determine the amount of time to wait before attempting to access a given channel again Each access point waits some random period of time between retries The wait time initially a random value within a range specified as the Minimum Contention Windo...

Page 65: ...me Spacing AIFs specifies a wait time in milliseconds for data frames 802 11e uses interframe spaces to regulate which frames get access to available channels and to coordinate wait times for transmission of different types of data The AIFs ensures that multiple access points do not try sending data at the same time but instead wait until a channel is free Valid values for AIFs are 1 through 255 T...

Page 66: ...server settings To Enable RADIUS Server Server IP The IP address of the RADIUS server Port Number The port number that your RADIUS server uses for authentication The default setting is 1812 RADIUS Type RADIUS Shared Secret This is used by your RADIUS server in the Shared Secret field in RADIUS protocol messages The shared secret configured in the AIRMAX5 must match the shared secret configured in ...

Page 67: ... Total Bandwidth and Per User Bandwidth They can not be enabled at the same time Total Bandwidth Total Bandwidth control limit the bandwidth between Wireless and Ethernet interface Therefore it is most suitable for Client Infrastructure Mode Bridge Mode and WISP Router Mode For WISP operator who use AirMax5 as the client side device setting the Total Bandwidth control on the AirMax5 will easy the ...

Page 68: ...dth of IP addresses from 192 168 1 17 to 192 168 1 22 Please use an online IP calculate if you are not familiar with IP segment calculation Below is an example link http www subnet calculator com Because the Ethernet interface is also controlled by the Bandwidth Manager it is recommended that devices on the Ethernet side to use a wider IP subnet mask that will cover the IP range of the controlled ...

Page 69: ...connecting to a remote AP We want to limit the Bandwidth of the link to 2048Kbps download and 512kbps Upload Step 1 to 3 From Operation Mode menu select Setup Bandwidth Control Step 4 to 7 Enable the Bandwidth Control and select the Total Bandwidth Control Then enter the 2048 for Total Downlink Speed and 512 kbps for Total Uplink Speed Click Apply to finish 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 ...

Page 70: ...client to 1024 downstream and 512K upstream using AirMax5 s Per User Bandwidth Control Step 1 Enable Bandwidth Control and select Per User Bandwidth Control Step 2 Enter Description for this policy Wireless Client Step 3 Select MAC Address then enter the MAC address of the wireless client Step 4 Enter the downlink speed as 1024 and uplink speed as 512 Step 5 Click on Add button to add the bandwidt...

Page 71: ...oth LED are off Weak Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Weak Signal Threshold i e 75dB Only the Blue LED is on Strong Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Strong Signal Threshold i e 55dB Only the Green LED is on Full Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Full Signal Threshold i e 45dB Both Green and Blue LEDs are on Be sure to read Chap...

Page 72: ...mple for details In this section we will talk about the WDS Settings which is available only in WDS Bridge Pure MAC mode WDS Bridges are using BSSID AP s Wireless MAC address to authenticate each other Therefore it is necessary to know the remote Bridge s wireless MAC addresses You can always do a Site Survey to find out the MAC Addresses When you click on WDS settings the following screen will ap...

Page 73: ...he network ID for the wireless link If you have more than one WDS link or if you want to make WDS connection with Mikrotik devices this field is required Each WDS Link must have a different SSID name If you only have one WDS link you can leave this field empty z MAC Address Please enter the remote bridge s wireless MAC address in this field This wireless SSID can be found on the device label You c...

Page 74: ...ture mode Between the wireless and LAN is the IP sharing router function This is used to share WISP connection The WAN is on the wireless side 4 4 2 AP Router Mode In AP Router mode the POE port of the AirMax5 will turn into the WAN port The wireless interface will become the LAN side It will turn AirMax5 into a wireless router Since the Ethernet interface becomes WAN if your PC is connected to th...

Page 75: ...ss settings will appear for WAN port settings 4 4 3 WAN Port Settings Operation Mode Setup WAN Port Settings The AirMax5 support different authentication and IP assignment standards for the WAN port It includes fixed IP DHCP PPPoE and PPTP protocols Please consult with your ISP about what authentication type is used for the WAN port conection ...

Page 76: ... to your dynamic IP or static IP address or URL AirMax5 provide Dynamic DNS client using DynDNS please visit http www dyndns org for detail 4 4 5 Remote Management Settings Operation Mode Setup Remote Management Remote Management allows administrator to manage the AirMax5 from WAN side You can also change the management port and other settings here HTTP Port No The default port for HTTP is Port 80...

Page 77: ...You can enable or disable HTTPS Web Server Access from WAN side Response to WAN ping You can disable or enable whether AirMax5 will response to PING command 4 4 6 IP Routing Settings Operation Mode Setup IP Routing Settings The IP Routing Settings allows you to configure routing feature in the gateway ...

Page 78: ...able select the route and click DELETE SELECTED Note Changes to the routing table will take effect immediately 4 4 7 DHCP Server Operation Mode Setup IP Routing Settings DHCP Server Settings is to assign private IP address to the devices in your local area network LAN The default LAN IP address of AirMax5 is 192 168 1 1 changing AirMax5 s IP address will also change the DHCP server s IP subnet You...

Page 79: ... not destined for a valid virtual server is redirected to this privately addressed LAN client This can be used together with a separate firewall device to perform additional security functions 4 4 9 Virtual Server Settings Advanced Settings Virtual Setting This allows you to specify one or more applications running on server computers on the LAN that may be accessed by any Internet user Internet d...

Page 80: ... such as Instant Messaging or games use groups of ports and are not easy to work behind a firewall To work well with these special applications we will open ports to let traffic pass through Note You can use up to 3 sets of opened ports for a specific application The opened ports can be separated by a comma and no spaces are allowed e g 2300 2305 4300 4305 5300 5305 ...

Page 81: ...oth inbound outbound in order to get complete connection Only inbound or outbound will not allow to get response from the destination IP Disable IP filtering No IP filtering is performed Grant IP access Data traffic satisfying rules below are allowed forwarded Deny IP access Data traffic satisfying rules below are denied filtered You can also define IP filtering rule such as Name IP Protocol Apply...

Page 82: ... menu on the top menu bar the following screen will appear The system configuration includes all non wireless settings We will explain their functions here 5 1 1 Device IP Settings System Configurations Device IP Settings The Device IP Settings screen allows you to configure the IP address and subnet of the device Although you can rely on a DHCP server to assign an IP address to the AIRMAX5 automa...

Page 83: ...ter the IP address of your default gateway DNS Server The Domain Name System DNS is a server on the Internet that translates logical names such as www yahoo com to IP addresses like 66 218 71 80 In order to do this a query is made by the requesting device to a DNS server to provide the necessary information If your system administrator requires you to manually enter the DNS Server addresses you sh...

Page 84: ...tem log will record the correct date and time information We recommend you choose Enable NTP so the time will be keep even after reboot If your AirMax5 is not connected to Internet please enter the time manually Please remember to select your local time zone and click Apply to finish 5 1 3 Password Settings System Configuration Time Settings To change password please go to System Configuration Pas...

Page 85: ...r Access from WAN side Response to WAN ping You can disable or enable whether AirMax5 will response to PING command Telnet Disable Enable Telnet Interface It is recommend that you disable the Telnet interface and use SSH instead UPnP Click here to enable UPnP It is recommended not to open UPnP for security reason Syslog Syslog is an IETF Internet Engineering Task Force the Internet standards body ...

Page 86: ...name that you assign to your 802 11a g Router It is an alphanumeric string of up to 30 characters System Location Enter a system location System Contact Contact information for the system administrator responsible for managing the AirMax5 It is an alphanumeric string of up to 60 characters Community String For Read If you intend the router to be managed from a remote SNMP management station you ne...

Page 87: ...rresponding entry to disable it un check the Enable box 5 1 6 Ping Watchdog System Configuration Ping Watchdog The Ping Watchdog will ping remote IP addresses to make sure the wireless connection is active if not it can either reconnect or reboot To prevent the AP from power recycling the PING watchdog will start 10 minutes after power up to prevent power recycle problem PING Frequency means How o...

Page 88: ... you have encountered with the current version Upgrade Firmware To update the AIRMAX5 firmware first download the firmware from AirLive web site to your local disk and then from the above screen enter the path and filename of the firmware file or click Browse to locate the firmware file Next Click the Upgrade button to start The new firmware will be loaded to your AIRMAX5 After a message appears t...

Page 89: ...ath of the configuration file to save to restore from or click the Browse button to locate the configuration file Then click the SAVE TO FILE button to save the current configuration into the specified file or click the RESTORE FROM FILE button to restore the system configuration from the specified file 5 1 9 Factory Default System Configuration Factory Default You can reset the configuration of y...

Page 90: ... DNS IP etc Below are some additional explanations on some status information of this page Firmware version The first AirMax5 firmware release is 1 00e10 In general AirLive will refer to its firmware as exx such as e10 version on the release note Wireless MAC This is the wireless MAC address BSSID of this AiMax5 This is the address to enter on the remote WDS Bridge for the WDS link Uptime This is ...

Page 91: ...the AirMax5 It includes the type of WAN port authentication used and the IP address information about the WAN port 5 2 4 Wireless Client Table This function is available in AP mode and AP Router mode only It displays the information about wireless clients that are associated with AirMax5 It includes signal strength TX and RX data rate MAC address and the state ...

Page 92: ... and Status 85 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 5 2 5 System Log The System Log displays the system activities login and system error report If you need to report a problem to Air Live please be sure to send us the System Log information also ...

Page 93: ...elnet Password airlive SSH SSH2 First login z Login root z Password nothing just press enter Second login z Password airlive When you change AirMax5 s password it will change the second login s password only You can get a list of available commands by typing help at the command prompt You must remember to save the configurations by typing save config at the command prompt after making changes othe...

Page 94: ...save config Purpose save configuration file Please remember to save config after making changes Example Command save config None clear config Purpose Clear configuration to default Example Command clear config Are you sure y n y Write flash block dev mtd3 Write file is etc defsysconfig conf Rebooting webservice lan wan enable disable Purpose Enable or Disable Web management interface on LAN or WAN...

Page 95: ...Bridge Example Command signal survey 00 4f 69 52 a1 ed 36 BSSID Channel Signal Strength dbm 00 4F 69 52 A1 ED 36 40 BSSID Channel Signal Strength dbm 00 4F 69 52 A1 ED 36 40 6 2 Debugging Commands This debugging commands are commands used for manufacturing testing process If a z_debug command looks similar to a Set command please use the Set command instead z_debug http logout Purpose log out HTTP...

Page 96: ... reboot Purpose reboot your AirMax5 Example Command z_debug reboot Rebooting z_debug set port radio1 11a ssid channel Purpose Set SSID and Channel We recommend using set commands instead set ssid ssid to set the ssid name set rate mode mode value set radio mode to 11a supera_no_turbo supera_static_turbo supera_dynamic_turbo Example Command z_debug set port radio1 11a air2 64 6 3 Show Commands Show...

Page 97: ...e in MAC filter mode This might change to show the wireless MAC address of AirMax5 in future firmware release Example Command show mac Filter Name MAC address ailrive 00 4f 62 24 12 34 show mac filter Purpose show mac address table in the Access Control List Example Command show mac filter Filter Name MAC address hello 00 4f 62 24 12 34 airlive 00 4f 62 24 11 11 show mac filter mode Purpose Show w...

Page 98: ...w community string read SNMP Community String read only public show snmp Purpose Show whether SNMP is enable or disabled Example Command show snmp SNMP is enabled show trap manager Purpose Show SNMP Trap manager status Example Command show trap manager Trap Manager IP Address Status ailrive 192 168 1 123 enabled show trap manager string up to 16 characters Purpose Show SNMP Trap manager status wit...

Page 99: ...rpose Show settings of primary or secondary radius server Example Command show radius server primary RADIUS Server primary State Disabled Server IP 0 0 0 0 Port Number 1812 Shared Secret show log level Purpose show log level Example Command show log level Log level is 8 show telnet system Purpose show telnet management information and system status Example Command show telnet Telnet session timeou...

Page 100: ...nsmitted Total Packets 1 1 Request Variables 11 SET Variables 0 GET Requests 0 GETNEXT Requests 15 GET RESPONSEs 0 25 SET Requests 0 Errors Bad Versions 0 Bad Community Uses 0 ASN1 Parse Errors 0 Packet Too Long 0 NO SUCH NAME Errors 0 BAD VALUE Errors 0 READ ONLY Errors 0 GENERAL ERR Errors 0 show rssi Purpose Show RSSI signal strength Example Command show rssi Please wait a moment for site surve...

Page 101: ...s state enable ssid broadcast enable radio 1 mode 11a radio 1 channel 64 show wireless security Purpose Show current wireless security policy Example Command show wireless security Radio1 security policy none show wan lan settings Purpose Show LAN or WAN port IP settings Example Command show lan settings Lan ip type static Lan ip address 192 168 1 1 Lan ip netmask 255 255 255 0 Lan ip gateway 192 ...

Page 102: ... 20Mhz show noise immunity Purpose Show the noise immunity setting Example Command show noise immunity Noise immunity is enable 6 4 Set Commands The Set Commands are to make changes to the AirMax5 s settings set http timeout timeout value in minutes 1 999 Purpose Set the timeout value for HTTP management Example Command set http timeout 10 HTTP timeout 10 minutes set system contact location string...

Page 103: ...no limit in seconds Purpose set radius server reattempt interval in minutes Example Command set radius server reattempt 20 etc wlan ap_service 17 uname not found killall wpa_supplicant no process killed etc wlan ap_service 17 uname not found Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_hal o Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_rate_atheros o Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wl...

Page 104: ...ut Example Command set telnet timeout 10 Changing telnet timeout may cause current telnet connections to be lost Are you sure y n y Telnet session timeout 10 minutes set wmm qos enable disable Purpose Enable or Disable WMM QoS Example Command set wmm qos disable set wmm qos disable successful set log level 1 7 Purpose Set the log level Example Command set log level 7 set log level 7 successful set...

Page 105: ...enable disable ping response or web server on the lan wan side Example Command set lan ping enable set lan ping already enable set lan ip ipaddress sm netmask gw gateway dns dns server Purpose set LAN IP address such as IP Subnet mask gateway and DNS server Example Command set lan ip 192 168 1 1 sm 255 255 255 0 gw 192 168 1 254 dns 168 95 1 1 killall dnsmasq no process killed LAN IP address 192 1...

Page 106: ...ple Command set broadcast enable Radio1 broadcast enabled set radio mode radio mode value Purpose set radio mode to 11a supera_no_turbo supera_static_turbo supera_dynamic_turbo Example Command set radio mode supera_no_turbo Radio1 radio mode supera_no_turbo set channel channel value Purpose set wireless channel Example Command set channel 36 Radio1 channel 36 set beacon interval range 20 100 Purpo...

Page 107: ...entation 2346 set dtim interval range 1 255 Purpose To set dtim interval value For explanation on advance wireless parameters please refer to section 4 2 8 Example Command set dtim interval 1 Radio1 DTIM interval 1 set user limitation range 1 100 Purpose To set the user limit for wireless interface Example Command set user limitation 100 Radio1 user limitation 100 set age out time range 1 1000 Pur...

Page 108: ...ble VLAN function Example Command set vlan for ssid enable set diffserv marking enable disable Purpose To enable diffserv marking function in multiple SSID VLAN configuration Example Command set diffserv marking enable set security ssid none Purpose To remove security policy from a SSID Example Command set security airlive none Set Radio1 no security set security ssid wep key number 64 128 152 asc...

Page 109: ... policy Example Command set security airmax5 wpa2 psk aes interval 300 12345678 Radio1 authentication type wpa2 psk set antenna diversity vertical horizontal external Purpose To set the antenna to use horizontal vertical diversity polarizations or to use the external antenna Example Command set antenna external Antenna setting is External set ratemode full half quarter Purpose Example Command set ...

Page 110: ...alized Setting the Web Server Root Directory to var upnp Succesfully set the Web Server Root Directory UpnpGetServerPort 49152 Registering the root device with descDocUrl http 192 168 1 1 49152 BD xml IGD root device successfully registered Advertisements Sent Listening for requests Command disable upnp Shutting down on signal 15 UPnP is disabled enable disable snmp Purpose To enable disable SNMP ...

Page 111: ...ap_service 17 uname not found Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_hal o Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_rate_atheros o Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_dfs o Using lib modules 2 4 25 LSDK 5 1 0 42 wlan ath_ahb o mapping sub ioctl turbo to cmd 0x8BE0 1 mapping sub ioctl set_installmode to cmd 0x8BE0 75 mapping sub ioctl set_threslower to cmd 0x8BE0 76 mapp...

Page 112: ...t_threslower to cmd 0x8BE0 76 mapping sub ioctl set_threslow to cmd 0x8BE0 77 mapping sub ioctl set_thresbetter to cmd 0x8BE0 78 mapping sub ioctl set_thresbest to cmd 0x8BE0 79 mapping sub ioctl maccmd to cmd 0x8BE0 17 mapping sub ioctl authmode to cmd 0x8BE0 3 mapping sub ioctl cwmin to cmd 0x8BE3 1 mapping sub ioctl cwmax to cmd 0x8BE3 2 RTNETLINK answers No such file or directory RTNETLINK ans...

Page 113: ... directory RTNETLINK answers No such file or directory add radius server primary successfully add radius server primary secondary Purpose to add a primary or secondary radius server Example Command add radius server secondary enter server IP 192 168 1 200 enter port number 1 65535 766 enter shared secret 234 enable server yes no yes etc wlan ap_service 17 uname not found killall wpa_supplicant no ...

Page 114: ...o such file or directory add radius server secondary successfully add wds comment mac Purpose to add a WDS Link Example Command add wds bridge 00 4f 60 52 12 34 add wds comment mac successful add ssid ssid name broadcast enable disable Purpose to add a new ssid AP and AP Router mode to the multiple SSID list Example Command add ssid air03 broadcast enable Add R1 ssid air03 broadcast enable success...

Page 115: ...an easily know the signal strength of your antenna without the need to use a PC Using Signal Survey tool The AirMax5 has a special Signal Survey tool inside the Site Survey function It will display a remote AP Bridge s signal strength level while you adjust the antenna angle If you can have a notebook attached while doing antenna alignment this method can tell you the precise RSSI level We will pr...

Page 116: ...ss devices to connect their antennas must use the same polarization Vertical The polarization of the antenna is vertical in the same direction as the AirMax5 This settings is the default and most used Horizontal The polarization of the antenna is horizontal 90 degree from the direction of the case Diversity The AirMax5 will auto switch between vertical and horizontal antennas based on the RSSI lev...

Page 117: ...ttings for the antenna from Operation Modes Setup Advance Settings menu 7 1 2 Mounting Adjustment The degree you can adjust the AirMax5 s antenna depends on what mounting kit you use Standard Mounting The standard strap mount allows you to rotate the CPE in the horizontal plane only As long as 2 wireless devices are at about the same elevation this adjustment is already enough ...

Page 118: ...smaller the absolute value of the RSSI the strong the signal For example 50dB is much stronger than 80dB The most optimal RSSI range is between 50dB to 65dB Signal weaker than 80dB e g 85dB is considered to be very weak Signal weaker than 85dB e g 90dB will most likely result in disconnection Signal stronger than 35dB e g 30dB is considered to be too strong It might result in near field effect and...

Page 119: ...5 No Signal Weak Signal Strong Signal Full Signal The Signal Threshold is the dividing line between 2 signal level For example if the Full Signal Threshold is set to 50dB 49dB will be Full Signal while 51dB will be Strong Signal You can change the Signal Threshold by going to going to Operation Mode Setup RSSI LED Threshold menu The values indicated are the default threshold value The correct valu...

Page 120: ...are off 80dB Weak Signal Threshold 85dB Weak Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Weak Signal Threshold Only the Blue LED is on 80dB 75dB Strong Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Strong Signal Threshold Only the Green LED is on 60dB 55dB Full Signal When signal strength is greater or equal than the Full Signal Threshold i e 45dB Both Green and Blue LEDs a...

Page 121: ...n the wireless link is established Therefore you should enter all the wireless settings correctly before installation So the connection will establish while doing antenna adjustment Step 1 Configure the AirMax 5 to Client Infrastructure Mode Step 2 Press Setup to enter the wireless setting page SSID airlive3 Encryption WPA PSK 3 km ...

Page 122: ...n the page Click on Apply button and then press Setup button on Security Setting Step 4 Enter the security policy key information then click on Apply button Step 5 Go back to the wireless settings page and click on RSSI LED Threshold button Because the link is 3km adjust the RSSI values as below then click apply ...

Page 123: ...5 User s Manual 116 Step 6 Now you can take the AirMax5 to the installation site and adjust the antenna by looking at the LED indicator You might never get the full signal but you can find the best position where the signal is strongest ...

Page 124: ...ntenna alignment Because Signal Survey is a subnet of the Site Survey function you do not need to enter the wireless settings in advance Please follow the example below to complete antenna alignment using Signal Survey function Step 1 Configure the AirMax 5 to Client Infrastructure Mode Step 2 Press Setup to enter the wireless setting page SSID airlive3 Encryption WPA PSK 3 km ...

Page 125: ...oint in the area Step 4 The following Site Survey screen will appear Please select airlive3 and then press the Signal Survey button Step 5 The signal survey screen will appear The RSSI value will refresh itself every second Adjust the antenna until the Signal Strength is at its strongest the lower the absolutely value the stronger the signal for example 60 is stronger than 70 ...

Page 126: ...nal go back to Site Survey page Select airlive3 and then press associate to connect Step 7 If the network you selected needs encryption the following page will pop up Please enter the correct encryption key and press Apply to finish Step 8 The system will pop up a message telling you configuration is successful ...

Page 127: ...work has its own SSID security Policy and Bandwidth policy On the left hand side is an AirMax5 in Bridge Infrastructure mode On the right hand side are an AirMax5 Client Mode a notebook and a PC Below is the general description about the devices of the network Device A AirMax5 in Access Point Mode Using multiple SSID to create 2 wireless network airliveclient A network for wireless clients with WP...

Page 128: ...onnect and associate with the AP 8 2 Device A Access Point Mode The configuration of Device A involves the followings Using multiple SSID to create 2 wireless network airliveclient A network for wireless clients with WPA PSK security policy bridgeinf A bridge network with WPA PSK2 security policy Enable Per User bandwidth Control for the airliveclient network The wireless client network will be li...

Page 129: ...rLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 122 8 2 1 Device A Wireless Settings Step 1 Click on setup button on the Operation Mode page Step 2 On the wireless setting page please enter the SSID Channel and distance Then press Apply to make changes 100 2000 ...

Page 130: ...e airliveclientkey as the pre share key Step 4 Go back to the wireless setting page and click on Multiple SSID button Step 5 Follow the procedure below to create a new SSID bridgeinf 1 Enter the SSID name bridgeinf 2 Select WPA PSK as the security policy 3 Enter the pre share key as bridgeinfkey 4 Click on Apply to add 100 2000 airliveclientkey ...

Page 131: ... Segment The IP segment here has address of 192 168 1 100 with subnet mask of 255 255 255 248 The available host IP addresses will be 192 168 1 96 to 192 168 1 02 If you are not familiar with IP subnet calculation please use an on line IP calculator Here is an example link http www subnet calculator com Set the uplink as 512kbps downlink as 2048mbps Step 1 Select the Bandwidth Control from the Ope...

Page 132: ...sk 5 Enter 2048 for downlink and 512 for uplink 6 Click on Add to add the bandwidth policy Note Because the Bandwidth Control will limit devices on both wireless and Ethernet side it is recommended to set the IP address of Ethernet side to have a larger IP scope so it will not be limited by the IP segment policy In this example please set the devices on the Ethernet side to have subnet mask of 255...

Page 133: ... Infrastructure Mode Use Site Survey function to associate and connect with the Device A Set Total Bandwidth Control to limit the bandwidth to 10Mbps both upstream and downstream 8 3 1 Device B Wireless Settings Step 1 Select Bridge Infrastructure mode and Click on change mode button SSID airliveclient Encryption WPA PSK Distance 2000m SSID bridgeinf Encryption WPA PSK2 Distance 2000m 2 1 ...

Page 134: ...ance information Then click on Apply Step 3 Click on Site Survey in wireless settings page and the following screen will appear Select Bridgeinf then press ASSOCIATE button to connect Step 4 The AirMax5 will prompt you to enter security policy information Select WPA2 PSK and enter bridgeinfkey for Pre Shared Key ...

Page 135: ...e following screen will appear to show successful connection 8 3 2 Device B Total Bandwidth Control Step 1 Select Bandwidth Control from the wireless setting page Step 2 Enable Bandwidth Control then select Total Bandwidth Control Enter 10000Kbps 10Mbps for both downlink and uplink bandwidth Click on Apply to finish ...

Page 136: ...onnect to the Access Point using Client Infrastructure Multiple User mode Use Site Survey to connect and associate with the AP 8 4 1 Device C IP Address Step 1 Go to System Configuration Device IP settings Select Assign Static IP to this device Then enter the IP address and Subnet Mask as bellowed Click Apply when finished SSID airliveclient Encryption WPA PSK Distance 2000m SSID bridgeinf Encrypt...

Page 137: ...anual 130 8 4 2 Device C Wireless Settings Step 1 Go to Operation Mode menu Select Client Infrastructure and then click on Change Mode button Step 2 Press Setup to enter the wireless settings page Enter the distance information and click on APPLY button 2 1 2 1 3 ...

Page 138: ...to connect Step 4 The AirMax5 will prompt you to enter security policy information Select WPA PSK and enter airliveclientkey for Pre Shared Key Step 5 Click on Apply After a few seconds the following screen will appear to show successful connection You have now setup a successful Infrastructure network with AirMax5 in Access Point Bridge Infrastructure and Client Infrastructure modes ...

Page 139: ...aration for Building Outdoor Bridge Networks 1 Write down the WLAN MAC address in advance Please remember to write down the WLAN MAC addresses of the AP for installation The WDS bridge require to enter remote Bridge s MAC address for WDS authentication 2 Always do a Google Earth search on the intended installation before departing Please get information on location elevation and distance between t...

Page 140: ... You can change to Super or Turbo mode after the connection is established 10 Use the correct Super or Turbo modes 11a mode normal A This is the IEEE standard for WiFi operating in 5GHz frequency band 11a is the most stable mode If you are getting packet loss or disconnection using Super A orTurbo A mode Please use 11a mode instead SuperA without Turbo Super A adds Bursting and Compression to incr...

Page 141: ...5 WDS Bridge Pure MAC WDS Bridge mode can make Point to Point and Multi Point connections It also delivers faster performance than infrastructure networks In a WDS network each node can have up to 4 connections but the total number of devices should not exceed 8 Currently the WDS Bridge mode can only use WEP encryptions policy Bridge Infrastructure Bridge Infrastructure mode connects to AP mode to...

Page 142: ... advance security like WPA and WPA2 TIPS For step by step instruction on how to setup Bridge Infrastructure mode please go to Chapter 8 Application Example Infrastructure Mode 9 3 WDS Bridge Network Example In this WDS Bridge example you will learn how to Setup the WDS settings Set to use different encryption key for different Link SSID s function for WDS bridge PING watchdog to maintain the WDS L...

Page 143: ... 2 Adding the first WDS Link to WDS Bridge 3 Name WDS3 SSID airlive1 3 MAC address you should enter the MAC address of WDS Bridge 3 00 4f 79 90 00 23 Select Security Policy Select WEP encryption The AirMax5 will ask you to select which key to use You can select same key or different key for different WDS link however both side of the same link must use the same key In this case the Link between Br...

Page 144: ...ask you to select which key to use The Link between Bridge 1 and 3 is using Key2 Click on Add to add the WDS Link The following table will be displayed to show the added WDS links 4 Setup the PING watchdog Ping watchdog will reboot or reconnect the AirMax5 when the remote device does not respond to PING command It helps maintain the WDS Link Please setup the PING watchdog according to graphic belo...

Page 145: ...me WDS1 SSID airlive1 2 MAC address you should enter the MAC address of WDS Bridge 1 00 4f 79 90 00 0b Select Security Policy Select WEP encryption The AirMax5 will ask you to select which key to use You can select same key or different key for different WDS link however both side of the same link must use the same key In this case the Link between Bridge 1 and 2 is using Key2 Click on Add to add ...

Page 146: ...Adding the WDS Link to WDS Bridge 1 Name WDS1 SSID airlive1 3 MAC address you should enter the MAC address of WDS Bridge 1 00 4f 79 90 00 0b Select Security Policy Select WEP encryption The AirMax5 will ask you to select which key to use You can select same key or different key for different WDS link however both side of the same link must use the same key In this case the Link between Bridge 1 an...

Page 147: ...5 User s Manual 140 4 Setup the PING watchdog Please setup the PING watchdog according to graphic below After the above settings the 3 WDS bridges should connect properly Be sure to set the Distance parameter for long distance connection 1 2 192 168 1 1 ...

Page 148: ...in WISP Router mode on the left and a AirMax5 in Repeater mode on the right AirMax5 in WISP Mode Make a wireless connection on the wireless WAN side to the Outdoor AP Use Site Survey wizard to establish connection Create a virtual server to LAN side FTP Server at 192 168 2 100 AirMax5 in Repeater Mode Repeat the signal from Outdoor AP On the AirMax5 settings the Remote AP s SSID will be Outdoor AP...

Page 149: ...Max5 to WISP Router Mode Change the LAN IP subnet to 192 168 2 X Change the WAN port IP Use Site Survey to connect with the Outdoor AP Open Virtual Server to FTP server on the LAN side 10 2 1 WISP Router Wireless Settings Step 1 Go to Operation Mode menu Select WISP Router and then click on Change Mode button SSID OutdoorAP Encryption WPA PSK 192 168 1 100 192 168 1 254 192 168 1 1 FTP Server 192 ...

Page 150: ... also change the DHCP IP range to 192 168 2 x subnet Note Please make sure your PC s IP address is also changed to 192 168 2 x subnet in order to configure the AirMax5 Step 3 Go to Operation Mode Setup to enter the wireless settings Select Outdoor AP and click on the Associate button Step 4 AirMax5 will prompt you to enter the security policy Select WPA PSK and enter outdoorapkey for the Pre Share...

Page 151: ...wing screen will appear to show successful connection 10 2 2 WISP Router WAN Port and Virtual Server Objective 1 Change WAN port s IP address to 192 168 1 100 2 open a virtual server port to the FTP server at 192 168 2 100 Step 1 Go to Operation Mode menu click on Setup button On the wireless settings page selecct WAN port button ...

Page 152: ... Repeater 145 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual Step 2 On the WAN port setting pave Enter the Static IP information as bellowed Step 3 Go to Operation Mode menu click on Setup button On the wireless settings page choose Virtual Server button ...

Page 153: ... Repeater AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual 146 Step 4 Select FTP for Service Name Enter 192 168 2 100 for the FTP server s IP address Then click on Add to finish Step 5 Once the virtual server is added it will be displayed in the boxed area ...

Page 154: ... the AirMax5 to Repeater Mode Use Site Survey function to find remote AP with SSID OutdoorAP then establish connection The local wireless network s SSID is airlive 10 3 1 Repeater Router Wireless Settings Step 1 Go to Operation Mode menu Select Repeater and then click on Change Mode button SSID OutdoorAP Encryption WPA PSK 192 168 1 100 192 168 1 254 192 168 1 1 FTP Server 192 168 2 100 ...

Page 155: ...P and then click on Associate button to connect Step 4 AirMax5 will prompt you to enter the security policy Select WPA PSK and enter outdoorapkey for the Pre Shared Key Enter the SSID of the remote AP that you want AirMax5 to repeat Use Site Survey wizard to find the remote AP and make connection Local wireless LAN s SSID This can be the same or different from the remote AP s SSID In this example ...

Page 156: ... and Repeater 149 AirLive AIRMAX5 User s Manual Step 5 Click on Apply After a few seconds the following screen will appear to show successful connection Now you should have established successful WISP Router and Repeater connections ...

Page 157: ...e upgrade If the AirMax5 is damaged by improper use of this procedure it will void your warranty It is recommended to have your dealer or distributor performing this procedure 11 1 How Emergency Upgrade Works The AirMax5 s flash memory is divided into firmware and bootloader area The bootloader area will check if the AP s firmware is crashed at each bootup If it detects the firmware is crashed the...

Page 158: ... window 5 Assign the tftp folder in the tftp server Click on browse the folder to select the directory Fig tftpd32 application Click on browse the folder to select the directory 6 Copy firmware file into the tftp server folder 7 Rename this firmware file as zImage without file name extension Please make sure the letter case match exactly To check if the file is available in the tftpd32 folder plea...

Page 159: ... AirMax5 during this process Any disconnection or interruption can damage the AirMax5 permanently 10 Device will continue proceeding If you click on the log viewer of tftpd32 you can see progress of work shown as Fig 4 Fig 4 Repair progress shown in tftpd32 syslog Log viewer 11 Please wait for 5 minutes for the device to reboot When finish rebooting the wireless LED will be on The device can then ...

Page 160: ...y press the reset button for more than 5 seconds You should be able to find your AirMax5 at 192 168 1 1 with password airlive Question My browser can t remember my password Answer Please use Mozilla Firefox to manage the AirMax5 It will prompt you whether to remember the username password Question When I try to configure AirMax5 the following message pop up saying there is already someone login in...

Page 161: ...t is available only on WISP router and AP Router modes Question Where can I purchase the optional metal Mounting Kit Answer The part number for the mounting kit is WMK AIRMAX Please ask your authorized AirLive distributor for availability Question How can I make connection with Mikrotik AP Answer The AirMax5 can connect with Mirkrotik AP using Client Infrastructure mode support WEP WPA PSK WPA2 PS...

Page 162: ...rLive website The distance calculated is not a guaranteed value it is for your reference only If you agree with this limitation please visit http www airlive com support wireless_distance_calculator jsp Question I tried the Emergency Upgrade procedure But it doesn t work why Answer Please make sure the firmware file is renamed to zImage without any file extension The file name has to match exactly...

Page 163: ...e Signal Survey function is inside the Site Survey function You can access from Operation Mode Setup Site Survey menu Question When do I use Per User Bandwidth Control by IP MAC or IP segment Answer In general IP address control limits the devices on the end node i e PC and WISP router MAC address control can limit the traffic of a AP CPE in wireless client mmode IP address When you want to limit ...

Page 164: ...about your country s regulation first We do not recommend to change the setting There is an test page named dfstest asp for engineering test purpose only Use at your own risk Question When I use Site Surrvey why does the RSSI LED goes off Answer When you click on the Site Survey the AirMax5 thinks you are trying to choose a new network to associate Therefore it will disconnect from current connect...

Page 165: ...802 11h compatible DFS and DFSII compliant 24dBm Transmit Output power Rain and splash proof housing 4 LED indicators with RSSI LED function Optional Metal Wall Pole Mount Kit 13 1 2 Antenna Integrated 14 dBi patch directional antenna Vertical Horizontal Diversity Polarizations R SMA connector for external antenna Software switchable between polarization internal and external H Plane Coverage Angl...

Page 166: ...d1 5 25 to 5 35GHz U NII Mid and ETSI Band2 5 47 to 5 725GHz U NII World Wide and ETSI Band3 5 745 to 5 825GHz U NII Upper Band 13 2 2 Rate and Modulation Data Rate 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54Mbps Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM 13 2 3 TX Output Power 54 Mbps 21dBm 48 Mbps 22dBm 36 Mbps 23dBm 6 9 12 18 24 Mbps 23 dBm 13 2 4 Receiver Sensitivity 6Mbps 90 dBm 9Mbps 89 dBm 12Mbps...

Page 167: ... 13 3 1 Operation Mode Access Point Mode AP mode Client Infrastructure Mode Client Adhoc Mode WDS Bridge Mode Bridge Infrastructure Mode Repeater Mode WISP Router Mode AP Router Mode 13 3 2 Management Interface Web HTTP Secured Web HTTPS Telnet CLI SSH SSH2 Secured Shell SNMP v1 v2 Support SNMP Read Write Community String SNMP Trap support MIB and MIB II Support Ether like MIB IEEE802dot11 MIB Pri...

Page 168: ...er User Bandwidth Management Noise Immunity Multiple SSID and Tag VLAN QoS 802 11e WMM Wi Fi WPA compatible interoperability WPA with PSK TKIP AES support WPA2 support Privacy Separator support Support adjustable output power 152 bit WEP support Atheros Proprietary ACK Timeout Adjustment Bootloader Protection and Emergency Firmware Upload Code Radius Supported Firmware upgrade and configuration ba...

Page 169: ...networks However the 802 11a deliver shorter distance at the same output power when comparing to 802 11g 802 3ad 802 3ad is an IEEE standard for bonding or aggregating multiple Ethernet ports into one virtual port also known as trunking to increase the bandwidth 802 3af This is the PoE Power over Ethernet standard by IEEE committee 803 af uses 48V POE standard that can deliver up to 100 meter dist...

Page 170: ...dard for wireless security 802 11i standard includes TKIP CCMP and AES encryption to improve wireless security It is also know as WPA2 802 1Q Tag VLAN In 802 1Q VLAN the VLAN information is written into the Ethernet packet itself Each packet carries a VLAN ID called Tag as it traveled across the network Therefore the VLAN configuration can be configured across multiple switches In 802 1Q spec poss...

Page 171: ...setting is too high then throughput will be lost due to waiting for the Ack Window to timeout on lost packets If the ACK setting is too low then the ACK window will have expired and the returning packet will be dropped greatly lowering throughput By having the ability to adjust the ACK setting we can effectively optimize the throughput over long distance links This is especially true for 802 11a a...

Page 172: ... sensitivity of the radio at connector end The longer the cable length is the more the cable loss Cable loss should be subtracted from the total output power during distance calculation For example if the cable and connector loss is 3dBm and the output power is 20dBm the output power at the cable end is only 17dBm Client Client means a network device or utility that receives service from host or s...

Page 173: ...another network device such as a router DMZ Demilitarized Zone When a router opens a DMZ port to an internal network device it opens all the TCP UDP service ports to this particular device The feature is used commonly for setting up H 323 VoIP or Multi Media servers DNS A program that translates URLs to IP addresses by accessing a database maintained on a collection of Internet servers Domain Name...

Page 174: ...upgradeable through web interface or utility program FTP File Transfer Protocol A standard protocol for sending files between computers over a TCP IP network and the Internet Fragment Threshold Frame Size larger than this will be divided into smaller fragment If there are interferences in your area lower this value can improve the performance If there are not keep this parameter at higher value Th...

Page 175: ...at is built around one or more access points to provide wireless clients access to wired LAN Internet service The opposite of Infrastructure mode is Adhoc mode IP address IP Internet Protocol is a layer 3 network protocol that is the basis of all Internet communication An IP address is 32 bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent across the Internet An IP addre...

Page 176: ...ent for data transmission MESH Mesh is an outdoor wireless technology that uses Spanning Tree Protocol STP and Wireless Distribution system to achieve self forming self healing and self configuring outdoor network MESH network are able to take the shortest path to a destination that does not have to be in the line of site MIMO Multi In Multi Out A Smart Antenna technology designed to increase the ...

Page 177: ...eter distance Port This word has 2 different meaning for networking z The hardware connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in a cable or an adapter z The virtual connection point through which a computer uses a specific application on a server PPPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoE relies on two widely accepted standards PPP and Ethernet PPPoE is a specific...

Page 178: ... to a RADIUS server which checks that the information is correct and then authorizes access to the ISP system Radius typically uses port 1812 and port 1813 for authentication and accounting port Though not an official standard the RADIUS specification is maintained by a working group of the IETF Receiver Sensitivity Receiver sensitivity means how sensitive is the radio for receiving signal In gene...

Page 179: ...n your network You can try 1500 1000 or 500 when there are many clients in your AP s network SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol A set of protocols for managing complex networks The SNMP network contains 3 key elements managed devices agents and network management systems NMSs Managed devices are network devices that content SNMP agents SNMP agents are programs that reside SNMP capable device ...

Page 180: ...ters it talks to Super A Super A is an Atheros proprietary turbo mode to increase speed over standard 802 11a mode It adds Bursting and Compression to increase the speed If you live in countries that prohibit the channel binding technology i e Europe you should choose Super A without Turbo if you need more speed than 11a mode TCP A layer 4 protocol used along with the IP to send data between compu...

Page 181: ...ice URL Uniform Resource Locator The address of a file located on the Internet VPN Virtual Private Network A type of technology designed to increase the security of information transferred over the Internet VPN creates a private encrypted tunnel from the end user s computer through the local wireless network through the Internet all the way to the corporate network Walled Garden On the Internet a ...

Page 182: ...o 66Ghz spectrum The 802 16a amendment extends the original standard into spectrum between 2 and 11 Ghz 802 16d increase data rates to between 40 and 70 Mbps s and add support for MIMO antennas QoS and multiple polling technologies 802 16e adds mobility features narrower bandwidth a max of 5 mhz slower speed and smaller antennas Mobility is allowed up to 40 mph WDS Wireless Distribution System WDS...

Page 183: ...ption standard proposed by WiFi for advance protection by utilizing a password key TKIP or certificate It is more secure than WEP encryption The WPA PSK utilizes pre share key for encryption authentication WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access 2 WPA2 is also known as 802 11i It improves on the WPA security with CCMP and AES encryption The WPA2 is backward compatible with WPA WPA2 PSK utilizes pre share key ...

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