361
ADOBE FRAMEMAKER 7.0
Classroom in a Book
11
Choose View > Body Pages.
12
In the Hypertext dialog box, click Make View-Only to lock the document so you can
test the hypertext commands you just inserted.
13
Choose Fit Page in Window from the Zoom pop-up menu so that the whole page
is visible.
14
Click the graphic buttons to see how they work as navigation tools.
15
If you want, you can paste the graphic onto the master pages of the other documents
of the book as well.
16
When you’re finished, make sure all the documents are unlocked (including the index
and table of contents), then close the Hypertext dialog box.
17
Close all the documents, but leave the book window open. If prompted to save the
documents, click Yes.
Saving as Hypertext, HTML
To convert a FrameMaker document to HTML, save it as an HTML file. Saving as HTML
sets up definitions for how each FrameMaker format converts, or maps, to an HTML
element. You can save a whole book as HTML.
3
Sir Humphry Davy
Sir Humphry Davy (1778–
1829) one of Britain’s leading chemists of the 18th
century, is best remembered for his safety lamp for
miners. It was Davy who first demonstrated that elec-
tricity could be used to produce light. He connected
two carbon rods to a heavy duty storage battery.
When he touched the tips of the rods together a very
bright white light was produced. As he drew the rods
apart, the arc light persisted until the tips had burnt
away to the critical gap which extinguished the light.
As a researcher and lecturer at the Royal Institution
Davy worked closely with Michael Faraday (see
“Michael Faraday” on page 4
) who first joined the in-
stitution as his manservant and later became his
secretary.
Wheatstone and Cooke
In 1837 Charles
Wheatstone and William Cooke took out a patent for
the world’s first Five-needle Telegraph, which was in-
stalled between Paddington railway station in west
London and West Drayton station a few miles away.
The five copper wires required for this system were
embedded in blocks of wood.
• • •
Carlisle and William Nicholson
Electroly-
sis, the chemical decomposition of a substance into
its constituent elements by the action of an electric
current, was discovered by the English chemists
Carlisle and William Nicholson (1753–1815). If an
electric current is passed through water it is broken
down into the two elements of which it is com-
posed—hydrogen and oxygen. The process is used
extensively in modern industry for electroplating.
• • •
Andre-Marie Ampere
In France Andre-Marie
Ampere (1775–1836) carried out a complete mathe-
matical study of the laws which govern the interac-
tion between wires carrying electric currents.
• • •
Thomas Alva Edison
In the U.S.A. the pro-
lific inventor Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1831) who
had invented the incandescent carbon filament bulb,
built a number of electricity generators in the vicinity
of the Niagara Falls. These used the power of the
falling water to drive hydraulic turbines which were
coupled to the dynamos. These generators were fit-
ted with a spinning switch or commutator to make the
current flow in unidirectional pulses. In 1876 all elec-
trical equipment was powered by direct current (DC).
Edison’s one-time employee Nicola Tesla went on to
rival his employer and in many respects to outshine
him. For more information on this remarkable—albeit
obscure—inventor, see
“The Achievements of Nicola
Tesla” on page 4.
• • •
Georg Ohm
In Germany in 1826 a Bavarian
schoolmaster Georg Ohm (1789–1854) had defined
the relationship between electric pressure (voltage),
current (flow rate) and resistance in a circuit (Ohm’s
law), but 16 years passed before he received recog-
nition for his work.
Scientists were now convinced that since the flow of
an electric current in a wire or a coil of wire caused it
Section 2: 19th Century Advancements
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